35. Zane Grey, Letter to Lina Grey, July 3, 1925 (BY-G).
36. Zane Grey, Diary, 1923–39, August 25, 1925, 102 (MIC 172, OHS).
37. Ibid.
38. Grey, “Down River,” in Tales of Freshwater Fishing, 201–2.
39. Zane Grey, Letter to Lina Grey, October 1, 1925 (Bmms).
40. Zane Grey, Diary, 1923–39, October 22, 1925, 103 (MIC 172, OHS).
41. Vickers and Myers, “Special Friendship,” 3.
42. Zane Grey, Letter to Lina Grey, August 7, 1925 (JW).
43. Lina Grey, Letter to Zane Grey, September 2, 1925 (Bmms).
44. Zane Grey, Diary, 1923–39, October 22, 1925, 104 (MIC 172, OHS).
45. Ibid.
46. Macdonald, Imperial Patriot, 64–68.
47. Ibid., 64–68.
48. Grey, Tales of the Angler’s Eldorado, 220. At the end of this book, Grey published a detailed list of the fish that he and Mitchell caught. He provided another tally in “Big Game Fishing in New Zealand Seas,” 47. The figures in the article are slightly different from the ones in his book.
49. Zane Grey, Letter to Lina Grey, [February 22, 1926] (BY-G2).
50. Zane Grey, Letter to Lina Grey, February 28, 1926 (Bmms).
51. Grey, Tales of the Angler’s Eldorado, Plate XLIV, opposite p. 80. This photograph shows ten marlin, although the text claims that they caught nine.
52. Ibid., 220.
53. Smith’s Weekly, February 5, 1927. Quoted in Macdonald, Imperial Patriot, 70.
54. New Zealand Herald, February 16, 1926. Quoted in Macdonald, Imperial Patriot, 71.
55. Macdonald, Imperial Patriot, 71.
56. Ibid., 69–71.
57. Bryn Hammond, “Introduction,” Grey, Tales of a Fisherman’s Eldorado (1989). This introduction shows that the animus of New Zealanders toward Grey has never died.
58. Van Campen Heilner, Letter to Zane Grey, June 4, 1926 (Library Archives, American Museum of Natural History).
59. Catalina Islander, July 7, 1926, 16.
60. Catalina Islander, July 14, 1926, 1. Grey, of course, did write an account of his catch. “Landing the Record Broadbill,” 8–10. For some reason, he did not include this in Tales of Swordfish and Tuna (1927).
61. Although the Fisherman also went to New Zealand, Grey did not use her there and never intended to. When he learned that the Arlidges were having launches built for them in Auckland, he suggested improvements and then did his fishing from the new boats, which were named Avalon and Zane Grey in honor of him. See Wiffin, “Deep-Sea Angling,” in Holden, Golden Years of Fishing, 233.
62. New York Times, December 6, 1928, 4.
63. Nichols and Heilner, “World’s Record Fish,” 32–33.
64. Baker, Ernest Hemingway, 191–92.
65. Zane Grey, Letter to Lena Grey, October 14, 1928 (Bmms).
66. Grey provides a photograph with this designation opposite page 137 in Tales of Tahitian Waters. The striped marlin Grey caught in New Zealand was cited in Nichols and Heilner’s 1928 list. His Tahiti record was bested before Nichols and Heilner’s third list appeared in 1933.
67. Grey, Tales of Tahitian Waters, 85.
68. Zane Grey, Letter to Lina Grey, September 17, [1928] (BY-G).
69. Lina Grey, Letter to Zane Grey, February 19, 1927 (mss. 1262, OHS).
70. Ibid.
71. Zane Grey, Letter to Lina Grey, May 16, 1927 (BY-G).
72. Zane Grey, Letter to Lina Grey, October 14, 1928 (Bmms).
73. Ibid.
74. Zane Grey, Diary, 1923–39, March 12, 1928, 121 (MIC 172, OHS).
75. Ibid., April 18, 1928, 128.
76. Ibid., March 12, 1928, 121.
77. Zane Grey, Letter to Lina Grey, June 2, 1929 (BY-G).
78. Audun Koren, Letter to Zane Grey, January 14, 1928 (GH).
79. Zane Grey, Letter to Lina Grey, September 30, 1929 (BY-G2).
80. Grey, “Fading Indian Trails” (mss. 1262, OHS).
81. Zane Grey, Entry dated September 21, 1929, Register of Kayenta Trading Post (Harvey Leake).
82. Zane Grey, Letter to Lina Grey, September 30, 1929 (BY-G2).
83. Grey, “Fading Indian Trails,” 16–18.
84. Kant, Zane Grey’s Arizona, 39–41.
85. Zane Grey, Letter to Lina Grey, October 15, [1929] (BY-G).
86. Coconino Sun, October 10, 1930, 1.
Chapter 9: Undone: 1930–39
1. Klein, Rainbow’s End, xiii–xiv, 263, and 274.
2. Zane Grey, Diary, 1923–39, November 3, 1929, 131 (MIC 172, OHS).
3. Grey, Financial Notebook (GH).
4. Zane Grey, Letter to Lina Grey, October 14, [1929] (BY-G).
5. Dorothy remarried John Parshall in 1945 and lived with him in Nyack, N.Y., until her death in 1975. What happened to her first marriage is not known, but she did not have any children by either marriage.
6. Zane Grey, Letter to Claire Wilhelm Carlin, February 12, 1930 (PF).
7. Zane Grey, Letters to Lina Grey, January 8, 1929, January 14, 1929, and March 1, 1929 (JW).
8. Zane Grey, Diary, 1923–39, August 27, 1931, 139 (MIC 172, OHS).
9. Zane Grey, Letter to Lina Grey, March 1, 1930 (JW).
10. In a December 11, 1930, letter to Dolly, Zane wrote, “I am not ashamed of caring so much for M. K. S.” Zane Grey, Letter to Lina Grey, December 11, 1930 (BY-G).
11. Zane Grey, Letters to Lina Grey, February 22 and February 30, [1930] (BY-G).
12. Grey, Tales of Tahitian Waters, 86 and 88.
13. Zane Grey, Letter to Lina Grey, October 2, 1928 (JW).
14. Grey, Tales of Tahitian Waters, 82–83. Also Romer C. Grey, Adventures of a Deep-Sea Angler, 185–86, and Zane Grey, Letter to Lina Grey, September 17, 1929 (JW).
15. Zane Grey, Letter to Lina Grey, September 30, 1929 (BY-G).
16. Grey, “Big Game Fishing in Southern Seas,” 16–17. Grey provides a full description of the Frangipani in this article and also discusses it in “In Quest of Record Fish,” 38–40. In neither does he say when it was built. It was probably commissioned during his 1929 trip to New Zealand when he decided to ship the Tahiti and Moorea to Tahiti. It may have been the boat under construction at a cost of $2,500 that E. J. C. Wiffin mentioned in his article about fishing with Grey in 1929. See Holden, Golden Years of Fishing, 233. Loren Grey claims that the Frangipani greeted Zane when he arrived at Vairao in 1930, Loren Grey, Zane Grey: Photographic Odyssey, 164.
17. Grey, “Big Game Fishing in Southern Seas,” 16.
18. Blueprints for Fisherman II bearing a date of January 14, 1930, were recently sold at a Butterfield auction. See Butterfield and Butterfield, Catalogue for Fine Books and Manuscripts, March 20, 2002, lot no. 2043, 15.
19. Zane Grey, Letter to Claire Wilhelm Carlin, February 6, 1930 (PF).
20. Zane Grey, Letter to Lina Grey, February 2, [1930] (JW).
21. Zane Grey, Letter to Lina Grey, February 19, [1930] (BY-G).
22. Zane Grey, Letter to Lina Grey, February 26, [1930] (BY-G).
23. Zane Grey, Letter to Lina Grey, March 30, [1930] (JW).
24. “Cost of Editorial Material—Ladies’ Home Journal,” Curtis Publishing Records (Archives, University of Pennsylvania).
25. Zane Grey, Letter to Lina Grey, March 30, [1930] (JW).
26. Grey, “Big Game Fishing in Southern Seas,” 17–18.
27. Grey’s silver marlin overshadowed his big dolphin, but he was so proud of this catch that he wrote a special article about it for Natural History. See Grey, “Dolphin at Tahiti,” 300–302.
28. Zane Grey, Letter to Lina Grey, March 30, [1930] (JW).
29. Loren Grey incorrectly stated that this fish was disqualified for maiming. Loren Grey, Zane Grey: Photographic Odyssey, 164.
30. Heilner and La Monte, “World’s Record Catches [1933],” 31.
31. Zane Grey, Diary, 1923–39, August 15, 1930, 137 (MIC 172, OHS).
32. Zane Grey, Letter to Claire Wilhelm Carlin, July 30, 1930 (PF).
<
br /> 33. Zane Grey, Diary, 1923–39, December 17, 1930, 138 (MIC 172, OHS).
34. Zane Grey, Letter to Lina Grey, January 4, 1931 (BY-G).
35. Zane Grey, Letter to Lina Grey, January 11, [1931] (BY-G).
36. Ibid.
37. Zane Grey, Letter to Lina Grey, February 4, 1931 (BY-G2).
38. Berenice Campbell, Letter to Lina Grey, February 6, 1931 (LG).
39. Zane Grey, Letter to Lina Grey, March 14, 1931 (JW).
40. Zane Grey, Letter to Lina Grey, March 15, 1931 (BY-G).
41. Zane Grey, Letter to Lina Grey, March 16, [1931] (BY-G).
42. Zane Grey, Letter to Lina Grey, April 16, 1931 (JW).
43. Lina Grey, Letter to Zane Grey, April 27, 1931 (BY-G).
44. Zane Grey, Letters to Lina Grey, May 11, [1931] (BY-G), and May 13, [1931] (BY-G2).
45. Zane Grey, Letter to Lina Grey, May 13, [1931] (BY-G2).
46. Lina Grey, Letter to Zane Grey, June 8, 1931 (BY-G).
47. Zane Grey, Letter to Lina Grey, June 22, 1931 (JW).
48. Ibid.
49. Zane Grey, Diary, 1923–39, August 27, 1931, 139 (MIC 172, OHS).
50. On January 12, 1931, Grey wrote Berenice three pages of advice on how to develop her novel. This letter was sold at Butterfield’s. Catalogue for Fine Books and Manuscripts, May 27, 1999, lot no. 6166, 30.
51. Lina Grey, Letter to Zane Grey, June 9, 1932 (BY-G).
52. Zane Grey, Diary, 1923–39, May 15, 1932, 141 (MIC 172, OHS).
53. Ibid., October 8, 1932, 142.
54. Ibid., May 15, 1932, 141.
55. Zane Grey, Letter to Claire Wilhelm Carlin, September 2, 1932 (PF).
56. Zane Grey, Journal, 1930s, October 11, 1932, n.p. (JW).
57. The establishment of Zane Grey, Inc., altered the way in which Dolly and Zane maintained and stored their financial records. I have successfully located a whole range of financial records from prior to this date, but I have found none from afterward.
58. Lina Grey, Letter to Zane Grey, August 20, 1932 (BY-G).
59. Ibid.
60. Lina Grey, Letter to Zane Grey, March 13, 1933 (BY-G).
61. Lina Grey, Letter to Zane Grey, August 20, 1932 (BY-G).
62. Lina Grey, Letter to Zane Grey, May 6, 1933 (BY-G2).
63. Lina Grey, Letter to Zane Grey, June 29, 1933 (BY-G).
64. Lina Grey, Letter to Zane Grey, March 13, 1933 (BY-G).
65. Lina Grey, Letter to Zane Grey, June 29, 1933 (BY-G).
66. Lina Grey, Letter to Zane Grey, March 13, 1933 (BY-G).
67. Lina Grey, Letter to Zane Grey, January 27, 1933 (BY-G).
68. Lina Grey, Letter to Zane Grey, March 13, 1933 (BY-G).
69. Lina Grey, Letter to Zane Grey, April 9, 1933 (BY-G2).
70. Lina Grey, Letter to Zane Grey, May 6, 1933 (BY-G2).
71. Zane Grey, Diary, 1923–39, May 3, 1934, 149 (MIC 172, OHS).
72. Zane Grey, Letter to Lina Grey, June 28, 1932 (JW).
73. “King of the Royal Mounted” started as a Sunday strip on February 17, 1935, and was converted into a daily offering on March 2, 1936. In 1938, these strips were collected and brought out by the Whitman Publishing Company in a series of Little Books. It is possible a version began even earlier since Dolly refers to “the strip” in a January 27, 1933, letter to Zane (JW).
74. Zane Grey, Letter to Alvah James, Nov. 6, [1932] (ZGM—L).
75. Quoted in Baker, Ernest Hemingway, 271.
76. Lina Grey, Letter to Zane Grey, March 13, 1933 (BY-G).
77. Zane Grey, Letter to Lola Gornall, April 23, 1933 (BY).
78. Lina Grey, Letter to Zane Grey, April 9, 1933 (JW). Zane Grey described the Frangipani’s voyage in “In Quest of Record Fish,” 38–40.
79. Zane Grey, Diary, 1923–39, October 6, 1933, 144 (MIC 172, OHS).
80. Lina Grey, Letter to Zane Grey, May 6, 1933 (BY-G2).
81. Zane Grey, Diary, 1923–39, October 6, 1933, 145 (MIC 172, OHS).
82. Ibid., October 6, 1933, 145.
83. Zane Grey, Letter to Lola Gornall, April 23, 1933 (BY).
84. Zane Grey, Letter to Lola Gornall, August 31, 1933 (BY).
85. Zane Grey, Diary, 1923–39, May 13, 1934, 149 (MIC 172, OHS).
86. Ibid., May 13, 1934, 151 (MIC 172, OHS).
87. This journal was sold at a Butterfield auction, September, 2000, lot no. 9080, 24.
88. Zane Grey, Letter to Alvah James, January 6, 1935 (ZGM—L)
89. Zane Grey, Letter to Lina Grey, July 5, 1935 (Bmms).
90. Zane Grey, Letter to Lina Grey, July 17, 1935 (BY-G2).
91. Zane Grey, Diary, 1923–39, September 24, 1936, 163 (MIC 172, OHS).
92. Motor Boating published articles by Grey in its January, February, and April issues of 1934.
93. Farley, “Famous Kovalovsky Fishing Reel,” 1 and 4.
94. The 81/2" reel, the first, was intended to hold 1,500 feet of 39-thread line, though Grey loaded it with a combination of 500 feet of 39-thread and 1,000 feet of 50-thread line for his 1,040-pound marlin. Hardy expanded this reel into a broad range of sizes and continued to offer it until 1957. Drewett, Hardy Brothers, 477–80. Also Wheeler, “Zane Grey and the House of Hardy,” 10–11.
95. In a January 6, 1934, letter to Dolly, Zane included Hardy’s November 1, 1933, request for settlement. Waverly Auction, February 6, 2003, lot no. 180.
96. Hannam, “Tunny Fishing,” 18–19.
97. British Sea Anglers’ Quarterly 26 (December, 1932), iv, and 27 (September, 1933), iv.
98. Grey, “Big Game Fishing,” 11–12, 64–65.
99. Grey, “Some Arresting Facts,” 17–19, 83. Grey also criticized Mitchell-Henry in “Big Tuna,” Motor Boating (April, 1923), 21–23.
100. Mitchell-Henry, Tunny Fishing, 100–109. In his excellent overview of Grey as a fisherman, George Reiger reprinted Mitchell-Henry’s Gazette account as the most influential negative appraisal of Grey as a fisherman. Profiles in Salt Water Angling, 136–40.
101. Even his fellow members in the British Sea Anglers’ Society found Mitchell-Henry hard to stomach and worried that he might be considered a spokesman for the club. “It is a very great pity,” wrote the unnamed reviewer of his book for the Society’s Quarterly, “that Mitchell-Henry should have loaded his book with so much bitterness and controversy.” “Reviews,” British Sea Anglers’ Society’s Quarterly (September, 1934), 92–93.
102. Aitken, “Swordfish,” 46. See “World’s Record Catches,” Field and Stream 40 (January, 1936), 27. As support for this world record, Grey wrote, “World Record Tiger Shark,” 9–11, 56–58. Aitken’s opposition to Grey is likewise evident in two ensuing articles: “Half the World Fishes for Tuna,” 48–49, and “When Is a Big Fish a Record?,” 54–55.
103. Zane Grey, Diary, 1923–39, October 19, 1935, 161 (MIC 172, OHS).
104. Lina Grey, Letter to Zane Grey, December, 1936 (BY-G).
105. Grey, American Angler, 2–7.
106. Ibid., 8–19.
107. Ibid., 26–27.
108. Ibid., 56, 63.
109. Ibid., 79. Grey may have written this, perhaps only part of it, but so far no manuscript has surfaced. On the other hand, he did write several articles about sharks for Field and Stream in 1937 and 1938 that may have been intended for this book.
110. Ibid., 71–76.
111. Ibid., 87–95.
112. Zane Grey, Diary, 1923–39, September 24, 1936, 164 (MIC 172, OHS).
113. Ibid., 164.
114. Ed Bowen, Letter to Lina Grey, November 9, 1936 (DB).
115. Grey, “Record of Writing,” n.p., December 11, 1936; March 9, 1937; and March 17, 1937 (mss. 1262, OHS).
116. Aitken, “Review,” sec. 10, 6.
117. Loren Grey, “Facts about Zane Grey’s North Umpqua Stroke,” 4.
118. Zane Grey, Diary, 1923–39, August 13, 1939, 171 (MIC 172, OHS).
119. Interview with Loren Grey, May 23, 2003.
120. Joe Wheeler discovered this f
inal inscription. See Wheeler, “Zane Grey in Oregon,” 11.
Postscript
1. Buscombe, BFI Companion to the Western, 427.
2. Zane Grey Review 12 (June, 1997), 21.
3. Tebbel, History of Book Publishing, vol. 4, 380–81.
4. Hackett, Sixty Years of Best Sellers, 16 and 41. The popularity of the Bantam paperback edition enabled Nevada to become Grey’s best-selling novel by 1955.
5. Blake, “Zane Grey Paperback First Editions,” 9–13.
6. Heilner, Schrenheisen, and LaMotte, Field and Stream 43 (January, 1939), 31.
7. Aitken, “Let’s Get Together on Records,” 40 and 73. His 1937 and 1938 lists were published in Country Life 73 (February, 1938), 55, and (February, 1939), 83.
8. A History of IGFA (published by the International Game Fish Association), 2–5.
9. For information about the IGFA lists, I am indebted to Gail Marchower, librarian at IGFA.
10. New York Times, May 14, 2003, 1.
Bibliography
This bibliography cites only the works by Zane Grey that are quoted, discussed, or merit a citation. A complete bibliography of Grey’s novels, one that includes the exact publication dates of his books, even those published after his death, can be found in Farley, Many Faces of Zane Grey, 215–17. The bibliography of Grey’s magazine articles and serials, in Farley, Zane Grey: A Documented Portrait, 97–109, is more thorough and more accurate than the one in Gruber, Zane Grey, 260–73. Even though Farley missed several items listed below, there are not enough additions to warrant another complete list here.
Aitken, Thomas. “Half the World Fishes for Tuna.” Outdoor Life 76 (August, 1935), 48–49.
———. “Let’s Get Together on Records.” Outdoor Life 76 (February, 1936), 40 and 72–73.
———. “Review of An American Angler in Australia.” New York Herald Tribune, May 9, 1937, X, 6.
———. “Swordfish … King of the Sea.” Outdoor Life 76 (July, 1935), 46, 48.
———. “When Is a Big Fish a Record?” Outdoor Life 76 (September, 1935), 54–55.
Akin, Edward N. Flagler, Rockefeller Partner and Florida Baron. Kent, Ohio: Kent State University Press, 1988, 220–21.
American National Biography. 24 vols. New York: Oxford University Press, 1999.
Anderson, Michael F. Living at the Edge: Explorers, Exploiters, and Settlers of the Grand Canyon Region. Grand Canyon: Grand Canyon Association, 1998.
Zane Grey Page 45