Soundview Park, 619
Soundview project, 1046, 1049, 1057-8
Southern State Parkway, 8, 11, 162, 230, 234, 302, 308, 310, 312, 313, 340, 341, 343, 344, 485, 896, 899, 905, 943; bridges on, 237; construction of, 211, 212, 220-1, 237, 281-2; funds for, 212; landscaping, 237; RM's acquisition of land for, 182-3, 205, 237; tolls on, 824-5; traffic congestion on, 515, 953, 956
Spar go, George, 484, 694, 696, 718, 719, 747, 752, 763, 766, 779, 802, 877, 908, 911, 1009, 1011, 1012, 1041, 1042, 1051, 1052, 1089, 1090, 1098, 1103, 1104, 1105, 1155
Spellman, Francis Cardinal, 697, 738, 740, 741, 9ii, 1035, 1037
Sprague, J. Russel, 405, 406, 738, 747, 1069
Sprain Brook Parkway, 8, 896
Spreckles, Claus, 149, 184-5
Spuyten Duyvil, 534, 541, 542, 543, 546, 547; marred by RM's West Side plans, 542, 543, 547, 550, 551, 554, 562-3, 565
Spuyten Duyvil Parkway, 538, 542
Stark, Abe, 871
Starnes, Joe, 471
Starnes, Richard, 1008
Staten Island, 331, 7975 borough president, 743; bridges, 342; developers, 481; parks, 336, 344, 363; roads, 341-2, 343
Staten Island Expressway, 6
Staten Island Rapid Transit Service,
1135 Steadman, Marty, 1022, 1048-9 Steffens, Lincoln, 59 Steingut, Irwin, 466, 660, 668, 670, 719,
744 Steingut, Stanley, 719, 727, 1056, 1124 Stephens, D. Mallory, 719-20, 721 Sterne, Laurence, 35 Steward, Mr. and Mrs. Luther C, 72 Stimson, Col. Henry L., 95, 108, 109,
no, 131, 134, 149, 185, 278, 279,
299, 300
XXX
Stokes, Harold Phelps, 44, 182, 457
Stone, Edward Durrell, 1092
Stone, Lester B., 432
Straus, Jack, 741-2, 743, 1059
Straus, Nathan, Jr., 132, 306, 353, 417 and n., 418, 548, 613, 782
Strong, Selah B., 203, 213-14
Strunsky, Simeon, 555
Sturla, Charles, 977
Stuyvesant Heights, 490, 510, 511
Stuyvesant Town, 7, 805, 961, 968
suburbs, see Long Island
subways, see transportation
Suffolk County, 145, 155, 157, 1152; developers in, 945; Ku Klux Klan in, 148; and L.I. State Park Commission, 174, 175, 190, 191, 210, 312, 502, 831-2; mass transit needs, 928, 958; Planning Board, 944, 946 n. population growth in, 898, 899, 942-3, 945; Republican Party in, 148, 217, 404; see also Long Island
Sukarno, 1093, 1107
Sullivan, Mark, 284
Sullivan, Tim, 285, 444
Sulzberger, Arthur Hays, 198, 305, 457, 461, 771, 1054, 1095
Sulzberger, Mrs. Arthur H. (Iphigene Ochs), 198, 360, 457, 458-62, 494, 548, 567, 603, 604, 992, 1032, 1054,
1095, 1097, 1115 Sulzberger, Arthur Ochs, 1095 Sulzberger, Mrs. Cyrus L., 198 Sunken Meadow State Park, 8, 163, 170,
202, 205, 220, 238, 258, 311, 314, 485 Sunken Meadow State Parkway, 8, 311 Sunrise Highway, 310, 956 Sunset Park, 520-5, 898;
neighborhood decay in, 522-5 Susquehanna Railroad, 898 Swarthe, Leonard, 874 swimming pools, 454, 456-7, 487, 512-13;
mixing of whites and Negroes
discouraged, 513-14 Swing, Raymond Gram, 985 Swope, Herbert Bayard, 137, 286, 322,
605, 707, 1012
Taconic State Park Commission: acquisition of land for, 288-9; funds for, 289-290; FDR and, 287, 288-91
Taconic State Parkway, 896; FDR and, 288-9, 426
Taft, Robert A., 707, 777
Talese, Gay, 197, 461, 1053
Tallamy, Bertram D., 11, 272, 706, 710, 809-10, 868, 869, 873
Tammany Hall, 61, 62, 64, 92, 95, 113, 131, 138, 264, 305, 348, 350, 413, 7n; and beaches, restrictive regulations on, 331, 335, 363, 366;
Catholics and, 127; civil service reform and, 4-5, 71-4 passim, 78-82, 84-5; courts and, 351, 712; Democratic Party and, 116, 118, 325, 350, 351, 711-12, 743; immigrants and, 71, 127; Jews and, 91; La Guardia and, 354, 383, 444, 7H-I2, 779, 1084; RM and, 4-5, 357, 362, 700-1, 719, 739-40, 778, 788, ion, 1017, 1055-6; N.Y.S. and, 97, 137; O'Dwyer and, 699, 700-1, 740, 768, 770, 787; parks and, 331-2, 334, 335, 989; FDR and, 283, 285, 304, 347, 7n; Seabury's dislike of, 350-2, 355-6; Shanahan and, 724; Smith and, 87, 94, 109, 112, 116—18, 120, 121-2, 124, 125, 126-8, 182, 186-7, 210, 257, 259, 283, 293-4, 322, 349, 351-2, 353, 380, 383, 711; social affairs of, 114, 259, 338-9; social welfare measures and, 127-8; tenant eviction and, 336; Triborough Authority and, 345-6, 362, 387, 390-i; Wagner and, 718, 719, 740, 1087-8 and n., 1055; Walker and, 321, 324, 712 n., 787; see also corruption and honest graft; Democratic Party; patronage Tanner, Frederick C, no, 126-7 Tappan, Hazel, 266-7, 268, 364, 446, 808 Tavern-on-the-Green, 374, 399, 614, 825,
868, 984-5, 988, 993, 997-1003, 1029 Taylor, George C, 155, 162 Taylor, Harry, 752 Taylor Estate, 162, 170, 182, 184,
186-205 passim, 210-11, 213-17, 570; court battles over, 188, 189, 192, 193-4, 203, 213-17, 244, 246, 288, 301, 317, 398, 403 n., 404; Finance Committee hearings, 191-2; illegal appropriation of, 186-7, 188-9, 190-205 passim, 214-15, 219, 243-5,
304 Temple Emanu-El, 27, 30, 411 and n.,
412 tenant eviction and relocation, see
RELOCATION AND EVICTION PRACTICES
Tenney, Charles, 1032
Thacher State Park, 240, 244
Thayer, Warren T., 193, 414, 415
Theobald, Dr. John, 986, 987, 991
Third Avenue El, 851, 897, 932
Third Avenue Transit Company, 877-8
Thomas Jefferson Park Pool, 454, 513-14
Thorne, Landon, 813
Thousand Islands Bridge Authority, 345
Throgs Neck Bridge, 6, 752, 844, 885,
896, 925, 1018, 1065, 1147; cost, 921;
earnings, 715, 926; traffic congestion
on, 950; Triborough funds for,
926, 1055 Throgs Neck Expressway, 6, 841 and n.,
925
Tibbetts, Abbott, McCarthy, Stratton
(engineering firm), 1090 Timber Point Club, 155, 163, 182, 184,
188, 197 Time, 570, 1094 Time, Inc., 1090
Tinker, Chauncey Brewster, 41, 443 Title I, see housing Tobay Beach, 311-12 Tobin, Austin, 721, 827, 922-3, 924,
1129 Torrey, Raymond H., 316-18, 501 Tracy, William J., 741, 1130 traffic congestion, see transportation Training School for Public Service, see
Bureau of Municipal Research Trans-Manhattan Expressway, 924, 925
TRANSPORTATION:
general information, 1132; funds for, 1132-9; Joint Program of Port and Triborough authorities, 924-6, 927 and n., 930, 932, 933, 934, 939, 940; Lindsay's plan, 118-29; RM's control of, 19, 805, 897, 918-19, 923-4, 927-8; and RM's isolation from reality, 836, 908-10, 953; planning for balanced system, 614, 897-908 passim, 913-18, 919, 944, 946-9, 958, 1072, 1132, 1134-5; real estate development and, 898, 940-2, 945, 958; Rockefeller's plan, 1072, 1132-41; socal implications in RM's policies, 901, 902, 908, 915; see also public authorities; public works; roads and
HIGHWAYS
automobiles, 838; barring from Manhattan, proposed, 902, 916; increased traffic, 19, 834, 895, 912-14, 943, 956-8; and leisure time, 144; pleasure driving, 171, 483, 543, 545, 546, 555, 834, 908, 952; see also transportation: commuting; traffic congestion
buses, 546-7, 791, 947, 958; on expressways, 944-5, 949, 951; funds for, 900-1; parkway bridges too low for, 318, 546-7, 951-4
commuting: acceptance of bad transportation, 912-13, 939; by car, 301-2, 546-7, 563, 834, 898, 909, 910, 914, 917, 940, 943-6 and n., 947-50, 953, 956-8; increase in, 916, 943; and lack of jobs in suburbs, 899; by railroad, 898/916-17, 933-40, 946, 9575 by rapid transit, 928, 931-3, 939-40, 946-7, 958; rush hours, 563-4, 905, 910, 931, 943, 947, 949, 953
Long Island Rail Road, 151, 155-6, 157, 215, 316, 318, 834-5, 843, 907, 928-9, 941, 946-7, 1135, 1136; competition with roads, 898, 934; deterioration, 934-9, 943, 1149; fares,
XXXI
934; financial problems, 934, 113 industry, 899, 941-2; mode, 955, 9571 proposed East Side ten 928
mass transportation: banned in pi 492-493; blocked by low bridges, 318, 546-7, 951-4; combined with roads, 903-8, 919, 928, 941-2, 944-9, 951, 954-5; competition with roads, 897-8, 909, 912, 934; cost of, 903, 907, 928-30, 946, 947-8, 954-5, 1132; decline of, 898, 916, 930, 933, 940; fares, 758-63, 791, 900, 902; funds for, city, 904, 907, 909, 918, 1132; funds for, federal, 955, 1132; funds for, state, 904, 1132-9; and high-density development, 898, 941-2, 945-6, 958; labor costs and, 934; modal split, 957-8; need of poor for, 245, 318, 546-7, 687, 901, 908; opposed by RM, 19, 519, 546-7, 897-8, 900-1, 908-9, 918-19, 934, 945, 946, 951-4, 1086 n., 1095; opposition to RM on, 19, 622, 900, 902-8, 915-18, 948; press and public support of, 915; public authority aid proposed for, 918-19, 920, 924; reformers and, 515, 519, 900; traffic congestion relieved by, 515, 614, 897, 901-3, 1072; and urban planners, 897-908 passim, 913-18, 919, 944; see also transportation: commuting
railroads, 933; competition with roads, 898, 912, 934; deterioration, 917, 934-40, 1149; fares, 934; financial problems, 19, 934, 939", and labor costs, 934; Port Authority aid for proposed, 924; see also transportation: Long Island Rail Road; and other individual railroads
rapid transit, 841 and n., 851, 899; cost, 946, 947-8; needed to relieve traffic congestion, 897, 901; proposed on bridges and expressways, 519, 903-8, 919, 928, 941-2, 944-9; right-of-ways for, 903-4, 907, 946, 948; see also transportation: mass transportation; and individual lines
subways, 642, 644, 778; accidents, 933; deficit, 19, 757, 762, 920, 932, 1134, 1136; deterioration, 932-3, 940; fares, 758-63 passim, 791, 900, 920, ii34', funds for, 900-1; and high-density development, 898; maintenance, 759, 796, 932-3; need for, 757, 760, 795, 906, 929-33, 1022, 1086 n. plans for, 900-1; rush hour, 931; Triborough aid for, proposed, 918-19, 920, 1118, 1119; see also transportation: mass transportation; and individual lines
traffic congestion, 926, 940; and accident rates, 914; aggravated by more construction, 515-18, 897-8, 9iiI2 > 930; increased, 5^5, 516-20, 715, 836,
XXXll
TRANSPORTATION (cotlt.)
885, 895, 900, 956-8; Long Island, 515, 516-17, 519, 545, 943-4, 949-51, 955-8; RM's solutions, 515-18, 525, 556, 669, 895-7, 900, 902, 905, 911-12, 918, 949, 950; and need for mass transportation, 515, 614, 897, 901-3, 1072; N.Y.C., 20, 328-31, 34i, 515, 516-19, 525, 545, 547, 563-4, 610, 614, 639, 742, 765, 769, 786, 895, 900, 902-6 passim, 910-17, 942; public and, 914; public resignation about, 912-13, 914, 917-18; see also individual roads
Transportation Workers Union, 757, 759
Travia, Anthony, 1124-8
Triangle Shirtwaist Company, 122-3
Triborough Bridge, 6, 340-4 passim, 360, 386-95, 396-7, 454, 493, 508, 517, 619, 628, 633, 659, 898, 923, 925, 1129, 1147; approaches to, 386, 390, 391, 392-3, 448, 476-7, 626, 838; CWA employees for, 392, 394; cost, 391-2, 626; earnings, 617-18, 698; funds for, 387-95 passim, 428, 435-6, 439; opening of, 441-3, 516; tenant eviction for, 386; traffic congestion on, 516, 517-18, 715, 897, 912, 913
Triborough Bridge and Tunnel
Authority: amendments to, 625-31; audit of, 716-17 and n.; autonomy, 13-16, 17-18, 640, 657, 716, 1140; banks and, 18, 725, 733-5, 927, 934, 1048; Battery Crossing fight, 645-7, 653, 657-75, 676; bonds, 345, 625, 730-4, 750-1, 762, 920; bonds, covenants of, 1119, 1120, 1122, 1128, 1134, 1137-8, 1139-41; bonds, interest rates on, 732; bonds, underwriting of, 18, 733, 734; cooperation with Port of N.Y. Authority, 921-6; expanded powers, 626-30, 635; funds for public works, 534-9, 617-23 passim, 640-1, 663, 676, 689, 715-18, 727, 732, 737, 747, 749-50, 769, 771, 779, 784, 795, 885, 920-1, 926, 927, 930, 948, 955, 1055, mi, 1113-14, 1129, 1130-1; headquarters, 12-14, 634; honest graft in, 18, 716-17, 718-21, 725, 733-5, 742, 762, 927, 934, 1048, 1056; insurance, 18, 718-20 and n., 725, 927, 934; Joint Program, 924-6, 927 and ax., 930, 932, 933, 934, 939, 940; land use, 750, 891-2; legal services for, 18, 720-1, 927, 934; mass transit aid proposed, 918-19, 920, 924, 1118, 1119; merger with MTA, U35-44, 1146; Mid-Manhattan Expressway, 783-5; RM as consultant, 1142, 1146-54, 1158; RM as liaison with state and federal agencies, 1063, 1065, 1078, n 17,
1120-1, 1130-1; RM's control of, 13, 360, 362, 391, 427, 500, 608-9, 616, 623, 628, 629, 636, 715, 717, 763-4, 784, 807, 813, 969, 1056, 1061, 1078, 1091, 1110, 1114, 1117, 1119-28, 1129-31, 1133-44; RM's falsifying facts for, 643-4, 657-8, 665, 667-8, 689; RM's plans supported by industry, labor, politicians, 926-7, 934; parks of, 395-6; police force, 629, 634; and politics, 18, 716, 719, 927, 934; private records, 17, 715-16, 1097; proposed merger with Transit Authority, n 18-29; public relations, 18, 657-8, 696-7, 927 n., 1050, 1129; PWA funds for, 345-6, 390, 392, 394, 428, 570; razed East River ferry, 448-51; revenues, 13-14, 17-18, 640-1, 659, 663, 698, 715, 717, 731-2, 746-7, 918-19, 920, 921, 922, 926, 928-30, 939, 1061, 1103, 1120, 1133-4, 1136; revenues, capitalization of, 715, 920, 1133; FDR's plan to force RM out of, 17, 427-43, 635, 656, 661, 662, 674, 1015, 1034, 1119; secrecy in, 715-16, 718, 720 n., 742, 1114; self-liquidating, 617, 919; Tammany and, 345-6, 362, 387, 390-1; Tunnel Authority merged with, 693-4, 705, 762; and World War II, 690-1 Truex, James E., 708-9, 710 Trujillo, Rafael Leonidas, 832 Truman, Harry S., 685, 699, 720, 721,
767, 787 Tugwell, Rexford G., 15, 445-6, 471,
599, 785, 1032 Tully, Grace, 440
Tully and Di Napoli, Inc., 738, 1090 Turner Construction Company, 738 Tuttle, Charles H., 203, 204, 214, 216,
398-9, 946 Tweed, William M., 127, 713 Twin Islands, 366, 508 Twomey, Jeremiah F., 242-3, 256
U
Udall, Stewart, 1156
Ungar, Sidney J., 1024, 1048, 1049
Union League Club, 411
unions, see labor
United Nations headquarters, 7, 19, 771-5, 817, 830, 1070, 1085; competition for, 771, 772; cost, 771-2, 774; housing for, 772, 774; RM's use of power for, 771-5; public relations, 771; tenant eviction for, 19-20
United Neighborhood Houses, 490, 655
United Parents Association, 512
United States: civil service in, 54-5, 59; funds for public works, 9, 12, 345-6, 359-60, 426, 428-43 passim, 453, 463-5, 467, 468, 474, 475, 476, 487,
United States (cont.)
568, 581, 607, 608-10, 611, 616, 622, 687, 703-7, 7U, 714-15, 717, 737, 747, 750, 752, 769, 783-5, 795-7, 865, 867-8, 871, 886, 897, 921, 922, 925, 930, 955, 1056, 1085, 1087, 1114, 1120, 1131, 1132; Progressivism in, 59-60, 78, 87, 104; see also housing; New Deal; and individual federal agencies
U.S. Congress, 686, 934; and the Depression, 345, 538; House Un-American Activities Committee, 471, 1026, 1029, 1031-2; Senate hearings on Title I, 979-82, 1006
U.S. War Department, 662, 663, 671, 672-4, 675
Upper Manhattan Expressway, proposed, 769, 896, 923, 925, 1152
Urban, Josef, 338
urban decay and public works, see housing: general information
urban planning, 781, 792, 1156; for balanced transportation system, 897-908 passim, 913-18, 919, 944, 946-9, 958; and federal funds, 616; Paul Moses and, 578; RM consulted on, 571-2; RM opposed to, 915-16; unifying concept in, 578, 654, 669, 793
urban renewal, see housing: Title I
U.S. News & World Report, 918
utilities: Lehman and, 403-4, 412, 414-15; Paul Moses and, 578; 586-7; Power Trust and, 403, 404, 407, 412; Public Service Commission and, 403-4; rates, 409, 414; Republican Party and, 402-3, 404, 406, 407
Valentine, Lewis J., 450, 451, 516 Valley Stream, 158, 159, 182, 183, 316 Valley Stream State Park, 8, 220, 238,
258, 3H,3I3, 314 Van Arsdale, Harry, 735-8, 1056, 1059,
1078, 1124, 1135, 1138, 1148, 1160 Van Cortlandt Park, 325, 481, 534, 538,
543; marred by RM's West Side plan,
544, 554, 1000; marsh in, 544,
545, 565, 566, 846, 989 Vanderbilt, Cornelius, 148, 149, 163 Vanderbilt, Mrs. William K., II, 185 Vanderbilt, Willie, 149, 187
Van Schaick, Benjamin, 86, 181 Van Wyck, Robert C, 325 Van Wyck Expressway, 6, 843, 896, 918, 950; cost of, 905, 907; rapid transit proposed for, 904-8, 948, 954-5; right-of way for, 846, 848; traffic
congestion on, 905, 910-11, 954-5 Vaux, Calvert, 333, 397 Vermaelen, Joseph A., 810, 1143 Verrazano-Narrows Bridge, 6, 689, 695, 736, 752, 843-4, 896, 925, 942,
1065; approaches to, 750-1
1071; bonds, 732. 733, IO53
of, 921; earr. 715, 926;
opening of, 825; Port Authority
for, 925; second deck, 951, 1130 1143
1156 Village Voice, The, 1022 Vollmer, Arnold, 603, 811,11:5 11 45
1152 Vollmer, Mrs. Arnold, 603, 604, 1115
1145
W
Wadsworth, James J., 121, 210, 403 n.
Wagner, Robert F., Sr., 121, 122, 127, 261, 403 n., 610, 799
Wagner, Robert F., Jr., 721, 739, 923, 924, 976; campaigns, 798, 799, 1024; on City Planning Commission, 766; and Cross-Bronx Expressway route, 870-5, 880; as Manhattan borough president, 597, 780, 784, 799; as mayor, 2-3, 9, 463, 706, 707, 729, 742, 802-6, 922, 977, 986, 995, 999-1002, 1029, 1032, 1034-8, 1052, 1055-9, 1064, 1065 and n., 1109-10; and RM, 799, 802-3, 831, 835, 871, ion, 1015, 1034-9, 1055-9, 1062-3, 1108, 1124, 1125 1127, 1149; and RM, distrust of, 14-15, 705, 727-8, 1088 and n. opposition to RM, 3, 4, 5, 18, 725-6, 794, 799-801 and n., 804-6; and planning, 799; and Tammany, 718, 719, 740, 1055, 1087-8 and n., and Title I, 1009-12 and n., 1014-15, 1049, 1050; and unions, 735
Wainwright, Stuyvesant, 820
Wald, Lillian, 348, 349
Wald, Mr. and Mrs. Richard C, 986
Walker, James J.: corruption under, 321, 324-8, 347, 713; as mayor, 20, 210, 321, 324-8, 332, 333 "., 336, 338-9, 340, 344, 353, 357, 375, 446, 465, 615, 779; in N.Y.S. Senate, 136-7, 139, 141, 201, 320; playboy habits of, 320-1, 338-9, 397, 605, 799, 996; and Smith, 320-1, 380, 398, 401; and Tammany, 321, 324, 712 n., 787
Wantagh Causeway, 234, 236, 281-2,
308,310,502,909 Wantagh State Parkway, 8, 237, 517,
896, 951 Ward, Barbara, 912 Ward, William, 200, 404 Ward's Island, 331, 386-7, 389, 395-6,
508, 779 Warn, Baron, 407, 422 Warner, Albert L., 199 Warner, John A., 137 Warner, Mrs. John A., see Smith, Emily Washburn Wire Works, 393-4 Washington, George, 648-9, 652 Washington Bridge, 842, 885
XXXIV
Washington Square Southeast project,
979, 1045
Watkins Glen, 227, 239
The power broker : Robert Moses and the fall of New York Page 204