by Julia Fox
King Francis I of France by François Clouet. Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence/The Bridgeman Art Library.
Charles V, King of Spain and Holy Roman Emperor by Titian. Museo de Prado, Madrid/The Bridgeman Art Library.
Henry VIII jousting. The College of Arms, London.
Queen Katherine of Aragon by an unknown artist. The National Portrait Gallery, London.
Sir Thomas More by Hans Holbein the Younger. The Frick Collection, New York.
The Challenge for Capturing a Castle, Christmas entertainment, 1524. College of Arms, London.
A tapestry from the David and Bathsheba series. © Musée National de la Renaissance, Ecouen, France/The Bridgeman Art Library.
Henry VIII reading. The British Library, London.
Cardinal Thomas Wolsey by an unknown artist. The National Portrait Gallery, London.
Henry VIII dining in his privy chamber. The British Museum, London.
The Court of the King’s Bench, Westminster. The Inner Temple, London/The Bridgeman Art Library.
INSERT TWO
Sir Thomas Boleyn’s signed conveyance of New Hall in Essex. The National Archives, UK.
Anne Boleyn by an unknown artist. Hever Castle, Kent/The Bridgeman Art Library.
Hever Castle, Kent. The Bridgeman Art Library.
Sir Thomas Wyatt by Hans Holbein the Younger. The Royal Collection © 2007 Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II, The Royal Library, Windsor.
Brass of Sir Thomas Boleyn over his tomb in St. Peter’s Church, Hever. V and A Picture Library.
Thomas Cromwell by Hans Holbein the Younger. The Frick Collection, New York.
The seating plan for Anne Boleyn’s coronation. The British Library, London.
Cardinal Wolsey surrenders the great seal by John Masey Wright (1777–1866). Private Collection.
A map of the Tower of London, 1597. The Society of Antiquaries, London.
The Duke of Norfolk by Hans Holbein the Younger. © Castle Howard, North Yorkshire, UK/The Bridgeman Art Library.
Jane Seymour by Hans Holbein the Younger. Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna/The Bridgeman Art Library.
Anne of Cleves by Hans Holbein the Younger. Victoria and Albert Museum, London.
Charles Brandon, Duke of Suffolk, and his wife, Mary Tudor, the French Queen, by an unknown artist. By kind permission of His Grace the Duke of Bedford and the Trustees of the Bedford Estates’ and copyright remains with His Grace the Duke of Bedford and the Trustees of the Bedford Estates.
Catherine Howard by Hans Holbein the Younger. The Royal Collection © 2007 Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II.
Henry Fitzroy, Duke of Richmond, by Lucas Hornebolte. The Royal Collection © 2007 Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II.
Mary Tudor by Master John. The National Portrait Gallery, London.
Edward VI by Hans Holbein the Younger. AKG-Images/National Gallery of Art, Washington, Andrew W. Mellon Collection.
Elizabeth I by an unknown artist. The Royal Collection © 2007 Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II.
Portrait of John Russell, 1st Earl of Bedford (1485–1555), engraved by Francesco Bartolozzi (1727–1815) (engraving) by Hans Holbein the Younger (1497/8–1543) (after) © Private Collection/The Stapleton Collection/The Bridgeman Art Library.
Two designs for pendants by Hans Holbein the Younger. The British Museum, London.
A costume design by Hans Holbein the Younger. The British Museum, London.
FOOTNOTES
*1 Cloth of gold was fabric interlaced with fine gold threads, while cloth of silver was interlaced with silver ones. Both shimmering materials were, naturally, very expensive and precious.
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*2 Henry changed the name of New Hall to Beaulieu.
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*3 Shelton’s son, also called John, later married Jane’s sister, Margaret.
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*4 A very great bawd and infamous above all.
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*5 Should a man die while his children were still minors, feudal law decreed that they became legal wards of the king. However, he usually allocated their wardship to a leading courtier as a present or for a price. It was lucrative to obtain a wardship as it meant that the new guardian could administer lands and arrange marriages for his charges, both highly profitable enterprises.
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*6 Cornelys referred to Cornelius Hayes.
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*7 The criminal offense of introducing into the country or acknowledging foreign jurisdiction contrary to the king’s prerogative and jurisdiction.
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*8 York Place was later known as Whitehall.
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*9 A wafter was a fully armed vessel used to ensure the safety of other ships.
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*10 A litter was a long, open carriage, rather like a bed, which could be carried by beasts of burden or by servants.
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*11 These statues are now inside Westminster Hall but were outside in Jane’s era.
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*12 The groom of the stool, whose duties included attending the king when he relieved himself on his close stool or lavatory, was very influential because of his proximity to the royal person. Henry even relied on Norris for dealing with minor financial matters and general day-to-day administration within the privy chamber.
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*13 As it was customary to give an animal a name relevant to its character, I suspect that Purquoy was really Perky.
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*14 A very great strumpet.
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*15 Oyer and Terminer was the legal term for judicial commissions that could be set up in different counties to try serious crimes such as treason and felony within their area.
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*16 About the throne the thunder roars.
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†17 Grand juries determined whether the case should proceed, so their role was similar to the current one of magistrates courts in England and Wales and Grand Juries in the United States.
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*18 In the absence of zippers, aiglettes, made of silk or cotton threads woven together, were used to fasten clothes. Sometimes they were metal tipped and could have gold or silver bands at their ends, below which the threads were left loose to billow out rather like tassels. Aiglettes could be both elaborate and expensive.
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†19 Cramp rings were intended to ward off pains and other ailments.
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*20 A stool chamber was a lavatory.
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*21 Gage’s office of constable was very much more an honorary position rather than one carrying with it everyday responsibilities, which were in the remit of the lieutenant, Sir Edmund Walsingham. At Anne’s execution, however, Kingston, the then constable, was very much involved, so I suspect the same is true of Catherine’s.
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*22 The present-day scaffold monument is regrettably in the wrong place.
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ABOUT THE AUTHOR
After graduating from the University of London, JULIA FOX taught history in both public and private schools for a number of years, specializing in the Tudors and in nineteenth-century Britain and Europe. She currently lives in London with her husband, the historian John Guy. Jane Boleyn is her first book.
Copyright © 2007 by Julia Fox
All rights reserved.
Published in the United States by Ballantine Books, an imprint of The Random House Publishing Group, a division of Random House, Inc., New York.
BALLANTINE and colophon are registered trademarks of Random House, Inc.
Originally published in Great Britain by Weidenfeld & Nicolson, a division of Avon Publishing Group, Ltd., London, in 2007.
LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOGING-IN-PUBLICATION DATA
Fox, Julia.<
br />
Jane Boleyn: the true story of the infamous Lady Rochford/Julia Fox.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references.
1. Boleyn, Jane, Viscountess Rochford, d. 1542. 2. Great Britain—Court and courtiers—Biography. 3. Great Britain—History—Henry VIII, 1509–1547. 4. Ladies-in-waiting—Great Britain—Biography. I. Title.
DA335.B65F69 2008
942.05'2092—dc22
[B] 2007028365
www.ballantinebooks.com
eISBN: 978-0-345-50463-0
v3.0