Workingmen’s Benevolent Association, 83, 205, n16, n17, n25
collapse, 78, 79
founding, 36, 40
goals and strategies, 25, 36–37, 38–39, 66, 151, 160, n27
Gowen linking to Molly Maguires, 25, 42, 44–45, 72–73, 84, 152
Gowen’s break with, 41, 44
negotiations, 36, 39–40, 41, 43, 44, 71, 73, 79
as opponent of MMs, 38, 84, 121, 151, 160
Pinkerton’s infiltration of, 65–66, n44
Yost, Benjamin, 85
background to murder of, 87–88, 90, 114, 116, 122, 125, 145, n28
JM’s investigation, 86–90, 91–92, 132
murder of, 85, 88, 95, 99, 112, 117, 151, 153, appA, appB, n41
trials for murder of, 122, 123, 124–29, 130, 138–40, 142, 145–46, 158, appB, n36–37
APPENDIX A
Murders Attributed to the Molly Maguires
These murders are those in which the Molly Maguires were implicated during the trials of 1876–78. The press and others claimed that they were involved in many more.
NAME
OCCUPATION
LOCATION
DATE
Frank W. Langdon
Foreman
Audenreid, Carbon County
June 14, 1862
George K. Smith
Mine Owner
Audenreid, Carbon County
November 5, 1863
David Muir
Superintendent
Foster Township
August 25, 1865
Henry H. Dunne
Superintendent
Heckscherville
January 10, 1866
William Littlehales
Superintendent
Cass Township
March 15, 1867
Alexander Rea
Superintendent
Centralia, Columbia County
October 17, 1868
Patrick Burns
Foreman
Tuscarora
April 15, 1870
Morgan Powell
Superintendent
Summit Hill, Carbon County
December 2, 1871
George Major
Chief Burgess
Mahanoy City
October 31, 1874
Frederick Hesser
Mine Watchman
Shamokin, Northumberland County
December 18, 1874
Benjamin Yost
Policeman
Tamaqua
July 5, 1875
Thomas Gwyther
Justice of the Peace
Girardville
August 14, 1875
Gomer James
Miner
Shenandoah
August 14, 1875
Thomas Sanger
Foreman
Raven Run
September 1, 1875
William Uren
Miner
Raven Run
September 1, 1875
John P. Jones
Superintendent
Lansford, Carbon County
September 3, 1875
APPENDIX B
Molly Maguire Trials1I
DEFENDANT
CRIME
TRIAL LOCATION
TRIAL DATES
VERDICT/ SENTENCE
Michael J. Doyle
Murder of John P. Jones
Mauch Chunk
January 18–February 1, 1876
Guilty: Hanged June 21, 1877
Edward Kelly
Murder of John P. Jones
Mauch Chunk
March 29– April 6, 1876
Guilty: Hanged June 21, 1877
James Carroll (1)
Murder of Benjamin Yost
Pottsville
May 4–18, 1876*+
Mistrial due to death of juror
James Roarity (1)
Murder of Benjamin Yost
Pottsville
May 4–18, 1876*+
Mistrial due to death of juror
Hugh McGehan (1)
Murder of Benjamin Yost
Pottsville
May 4–18, 1876*+
Mistrial due to death of juror
James Boyle (1)
Murder of Benjamin Yost
Pottsville
May 4–18, 1876*+
Mistrial due to death of juror
Thomas Duffy (1)
Murder of Benjamin Yost
Pottsville
May 4–18, 1876*+
Mistrial due to death of juror
Alexander Campbell (1)
Accessory before the fact in the murder of John P. Jones
Mauch Chunk
June 20–July 1, 1876*+
Guilty: Hanged June 21, 1877
Thomas Munley
Murder of Thomas Sanger and William Uren
Pottsville
June 27–July 12, 1876*
Guilty: Hanged June 21, 1877
James Carroll (2)
Murder of Benjamin Yost
Pottsville
July 6–22, 1876*+
Guilty: Hanged June 21, 1877
James Roarity (2)
Murder of Benjamin Yost
Pottsville
July 6–22, 1876*+
Guilty: Hanged June 21, 1877
Hugh McGehan (2)
Murder of Benjamin Yost
Pottsville
July 6–22, 1876*+
James Boyle (2)
Murder of Benjamin Yost
Pottsville
July 6–22, 1876*+
Guilty: Hanged June 21, 1877
John Kehoe (1)
Aggravated assault and battery with intent to kill William Thomas
Pottsville
August 8–12, 1876*
Guilty: 7 years labor and solitary confinement
Dennis Canning (1)
Aggravated assault and battery with intent to kill William Thomas
Pottsville
August 8–12, 1876*
Guilty: 7 years labor and solitary confinement
Christopher Donnelly (1)
Aggravated assault and battery with intent to kill William Thomas
Pottsville
August 8–12, 1876*
Guilty: 7 years labor and solitary confinement
James Roarity (3)
Aggravated assault and battery with intent to kill William Thomas
Pottsville
August 8–12, 1876*
Guilty: Sentence not passed due to already being sentenced to hang
John "Yellow Jack” Donahue (1)
Aggravated assault and battery with intent to kill William Thomas
Pottsville
August 8–12, 1876*
Guilty: Sentencing postponeda
Michael O’Brien (1)
Aggravated assault and battery with intent to kill William Thomas
Pottsville
August 8–12, 1876*
Guilty: 7 years labor and solitary confinement
Frank McHugh
Aggravated assault and battery with intent to kill William Thomas
Pottsville
August 8–12, 1876*
Guilty: Sentencing postponedb
John Morris
Aggravated assault and battery with intent to kill William Thomas
Pottsville
August 8–12, 1876*
Guilty: 7 years labor and solitary confinement
John Gibbons
Aggravated assault and battery with intent to kill William Thomas
Pottsville
August 8–12, 1876*
Guilty: 7 years labor and solitary confinement
John Kehoe (2)
Conspiracy to kill William and Jesse Major
Pottsville
August 14–16, 1876*+
Guilty: 7 years labor and solitary confinement
Dennis Canning (2)
Conspiracy to kill William and Jesse Major
Pottsville
August 14–16, 1876*+
Guilty: 7 years labor and solitary confinement
Christopher Donnelly (2)
Conspiracy to kill William and Jesse Major
Pottsville
August 14–16, 1876*+
Guilty: 5 years labor
James Roarity (4)
Conspiracy to kill William and Jesse Major
Pottsville
August 14–16, 1876*+
Guilty: Sentence not passed due to already being sentenced to hang
John "Yellow Jack” Donahue (2)
Conspiracy to kill William and Jesse Major
Pottsville
August 14–16, 1876*+
Guilty: Sentencing postponeda
Michael O’Brien (2)
Conspiracy to kill William and Jesse Major
Pottsville
August 14–16, 1876*+
Guilty: 5 years labor
James Roarity (5)
Conspiracy to reward Thomas Hurley for murder of Gomer James
Pottsville
August 16–22, 1876*+
Guilty: Sentence not passed due to already being sentenced to hang
Christopher Donnelly (3)
Conspiracy to reward Thomas Hurley for murder of Gomer James
Pottsville
August 16–22, 1876*+
Guilty: 2 years labor
John "Yellow Jack” Donahue (3)
Conspiracy to reward Thomas Hurley for murder of Gomer James
Pottsville
August 16–22, 1876*+
Guilty: Sentencing postponeda
Michael O’Brien (3)
Conspiracy to reward Thomas Hurley for murder of Gomer James
Pottsville
August 16–22, 1876*+
Guilty: 2 years labor
Patrick Dolan (1)
Conspiracy to reward Thomas Hurley for murder of Gomer James
Pottsville
August 16–22, 1876*+
Guilty: 1 year labor
Francis O’Neil (1)
Conspiracy to reward Thomas Hurley for murder of Gomer James
Pottsville
August 16–22, 1876*+
Guilty: 2 years labor
Patrick Butler
Conspiracy to reward Thomas Hurley for murder of Gomer James
Pottsville
August 16–22, 1876*+
Guilty: Sentencing postponedc
Thomas Duffy (2)
Murder of Benjamin Yost
Pottsville
September 6–19, 1876*+
Guilty: Hanged June 21, 1877
James Duffy
Perjury during Duffy trial
Pottsville
September 20–21, 1876
Guilty: 2.5 years labor and solitary confinement
James Bradley
Accessory before the fact in murder of Thomas Sanger and William Uren
Pottsville
September 21, 1876
Charges dismissed
Charles McAllister (1)
Murder of Thomas Sanger and William Uren
Pottsville
September 21, 1876
Charges dismissed
Michael “Muff” Lawler (1)
Accessory after the fact in murder of Thomas Sanger
Pottsville
September 21–22, 1876*
No verdict: Hung jury; 10–2 for acquittal
John Slattery
Conspiracy to kill William and Jesse Major
Pottsville
September 22–23, 1876*+
Guilty: Sentencing postponedd
John Stanton
Conspiracy to kill William and Jesse Major
Pottsville
September 22–23, 1876*+
Not guilty
Michael Doolin
Conspiracy to kill William and Jesse Major
Pottsville
September 22–23, 1876*+
Guilty: 7 years labore
Charles Mulhearn
Conspiracy to kill William and Jesse Major
Pottsville
September 22–23, 1876*+
Pled guilty; Sentencing postponedf
Bridget Hyland
Perjury during Munley trial
Pottsville
September 25–26, 1876*
Pinkerton’s Great Detective Page 54