by Ami Pedahzur
Dinor, Ben-Zion, ed. The Book of Hagana History. Tel Aviv: Maarahot, 1964.
Eldar, Mike. Flotilla 13: The Story of Israel’s Naval Commandos. Tel Aviv: Maariv, 1993.
Eshel, David. “The Israel-Lebanon Border Enigma.” IBRU Boundary and Security Bulletin (Winter 2000-2001): 72-83.
Farsoun, Samith K., and Christina F. Zacharia. Palestine and the Palestinians. Boulder, Colo.: Westview Press, 1997.
Federation of American Scientists. “AMAN—Military Intelligence,” “Iranian Revolutionary Guard Corps,” “The Islamic Traditions of Wahhabism and Salafiyya.” www.fas.org.
Frisch, Felix. “Bomb Unit.” NRG, www.nrg.co.il.
Gelber, Yoav. Growing a Fleur-de-Lis: The Intelligence Services of the Jewish Yishuv in Palestine 1918–1947. Tel Aviv: Ministry of Defense, 1992.
Gillon, Carmi. Shin-Beth Between the Schisms. Tel Aviv: Lemiskal, 2000.
Granot, Oded. “Intelligence Corps.” In IDF and Its Corps: Encyclopedia of Army and Security, ed. A. Kfir and Y. Erez, 5:22-23. Tel Aviv: Revivim, 1981.
Greenberg, Hanan, and Ali Waked. “Who Are You, Jamal Abu Samhadana?” Ynet, www.ynet.co.il.
Haber, Eitan, and Michael Bar-Zohar. The Quest for the Red Prince. London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1983.
Halamish, Yehoshua, and Eliezer Rotenshtreich. “Iraq Behind a Terrorist Organization,” Yedioth Ahronoth, April 8, 1980.
Harel, Amos. “Only for Those Who Are Serious!” Haaretz, May 19, 2006.
——. “‘Shaldag’ Unit—New Home for Generals.” Haaretz, July 18, 2003.
——. “Shayetet Commander Price of Choice.” Haaretz, July 7, 2004.
Harel, Amos, and Amir Barakat. “The Operation Began After IDF Forces Unintentionally Conquered the Village.” Haaretz, August 29, 2006.
Hunter, Thomas B. “Israeli Counterterrorism and Hostage Rescue.” Journal of Counterterrorism & Security International 6, no. 4 (Summer 2000).
Inquiry Commission Into the Military Campaign Held in Lebanon in Summer 2006. Full Report. Jerusalem: State of Israel, 2008.
“Intifada Al-Aqsa.” MSN, http://news.msn.co.il.
Israel State Comptroller. Critique Report of Israel’s Security Fence. Jerusalem: State Comptroller Office and Ombudsman Office, 2002.
Israeli Defense Forces. “Field Intelligence Corps.” www1.idf.il.
Israeli Ministry of Defense. “Area of the Seam.” www.securityfence.mod.gov.il.
Israeli Ministry of Foreign Affairs. “The Palestinian Liberation Front Headed by Abu al-Abbas (Residing in Iraq), as a Tool of the Iraqi Regime for Carrying Out Terrorist Attacks against Israel.” www.mfa.gov.il.
Israeli Parliament (Knesset). “The Peace of Lebanon War,” “Six Days War,” “Workers Party of Eretz Yisrael (Mapai).” www.knesset.gov.il.
Issacharoff, Avi. “Abu Mazen Will Meet Haled Mashal in Damascus.” Haaretz, January 18, 2007.
Kafala, Tarik. “The Iraqi Baath Party.” BBC, http://news.bbc.co.uk.
Kanaana, Sharif. “Survival Strategies of Arabs in Israel.” MERIP Reports 41 (1975): 6-7.
Klein, Aaron. Striking Back: The 1972 Munich Olympics Massacre and Israel’s Deadly Response. Tel Aviv: Miskal, 2006.
Kra, Baruch, and Amos Harel. “Commander of General Staff Negotiation Team Had Important Part in Nachshon Wachsman Failed Rescue Operation.” Haaretz, July 17, 2003.
Lahav, Shai. “Surgical Unit.” NRG, www.nrg.co.il.
Lavie, Aviv. “The Darkest Corner in Israel.” Haaretz, December 1, 2003.
“Lebanon Political Parties—Amal Movement.” Lebanon Wire, www.lebanonwire.com.
Limor, Yoav. “Cherry Blooming.” NRG, www.nrg.co.il.
Limor, Yoav, and Alon Ben-David. “In the First Place: Sayeret Golani.” Ynet, www.ynet.co.il.
——. “Seventh Place: Sayeret Givati.” Ynet, www.ynet.co.il.
——. “Sixth Place: Sayeret Nahal.” Ynet, www.ynet.co.il.
Maiberg, Ron. Code Name: Bayonet. Dragoman Films Distribution, 2006.
Melman, Yossi. “All His Life in a Tight-Lipped Department.” Haaretz, January 7, 1999.
——. “Golda Didn’t Give an Order.” Haaretz, February 18, 2006.
——. Israel: Foreign Intelligence and Security Services Survey. Tel Aviv: Zmora-Bitan, 1982.
——. “Mossad Continues Internal Investigation In Order to Find Out Reasons for Operational Failure.” Haaretz, March 1, 1998.
——. “Mossad Needs New Workers, But Is Afraid of Double Agents.” Haaretz, August 4, 2000.
——. “There Are Precedents to Karpinsky’s Claims.” Haaretz, July 4, 2004.
——. “Week of Fighting Against Drug Smuggling.” Haaretz, December 25, 1996.
Mishal, Shaul, and Avraham Sela. The Hamas Wind: Violence and Coexistence. Tel Aviv: Miskal, 2006.
Mossad. “HaMossad leModi’in u le Tafkidim Meyuhadim.” www.mossad.gov.il.
National Memorial Institute for the Prevention of Terrorism. “Palestinian Islamic Jihad (PIJ),” “Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP),” “Sabri Al-Banna,” “Tanzim.” http://tkb.org.
NATO Glossary of Terms and Definitions. www.nato.int/docu/stanag/aap006/aap-6-2007.pdf.
Palmach. “Summary.”www.palmach.org.il.
Permanent Observer Mission of Palestine to the United Nations. “Political Program Adopted at the 12th Session of the Palestine National Council.” www.un.int/palestine/PLO/docone.html.
Regular, Arnon. “Silwan Gang: High Compartmentalization and Strong Discipline.” Haaretz, October 2, 2002.
Rofeh, Sharon. “Lebanese Liaison Unit Dismantled.” Ynet, www.ynet.co.il.
Sayaret Paratroopers. “Battle Heritage.” www.gal-ed.org.il.
Schiff, Zeev, and Ehud Yaari. Intifada. Tel Aviv: Shocken, 1990.
Shalev, Arie. The Intifada: Causes and Effects. Tel Aviv: Papyrus, 1990.
Shalom, Danny. “Battle Squadron.” Hazofe, February 3, 2008.
Tamir, Moshe. The War Without a Name. Tel Aviv: Ministry of Defense Publishers, 2006.
“What Is Ashura?” BBC, http://news.bbc.co.uk.
Winkler, Roni. “Broadcasting from the Field.” Israel Air Force Magazine 141 (October 2001).
Yaacobi, Yotam. “SLA Soldiers Still Here.” Nana, http://news.nana10.co.il.
Yaari, Ehud. “Behind the Terror.” Atlantic Monthly, June 1987.
Yehoshua, Yossi. “To Tell the Truth, We Expected Much More Opposition from Hezbollah.” Yedioth Ahronoth, August 2, 2006.
Zipori, Shlomi. Justice in Disguise. Tel Aviv: Agam, 2004.
Zonder, Moshe. The Elite Unit of Israel. Jerusalem: Keter, 2000.
INDEX
Page numbers in italics refer to figures and tables.
A’bayat, Hussein Muhammad Salim
Abbas, Mahmoud (Abu Mazen) abductions, as counterterrorist tactic: abduction of senior Hezbollah members; ineffectiveness of policy; and second intifada; and Second Lebanon War abductions, as terrorist act; Arad abduction (1986); Goldwasser and Regev abduction (2006); Gurel abduction (2003); Wachsman abduction (1994). See also hostage rescue operations
Abu Hassan, Musa Ibn Jouma
Abu Jihad
Abu Marzuk, Mussa
Abu Nidal group
Abu Rodaina, Nabil
Abu Samhadana, Jamal (Abu ‘Atiya’)
Abu Shanab, Isma’il Hassan
Abu Zahary, Sammy
Action Directe (France)
Adwan, Kamal
Agranat Commission
Ahmad, Samir
Air France hijacking of 1976
airport attacks
Akawi, Lutfi al-
Alon, Jo
Amal
Aman; and abduction of Hezbollah members; and assassinations; and conflicting assessments; countering the financing of terrorism; and division of authority; intended function of; and jurisdictional rivalry; and Oslo Accords; training for
AMIA. See Argentine Israelite Mutual Association (AMIA) building attack of 1994
Amin
, Ibrahim al-
Amin, Idi
al-Aqsa Charitable Foundation
al-Aqsa intifada. See intifada, second
Arab Bank
Arab League
Arab Liberation Front
Arab Salvation Army
Arab-Israeli War of 1967
Arad, Ron
Arafat, Mussa
Arafat, Yasser: control of PLO; Fatah recruitment following 1967 war; and Karameh raid of 1968 and Oslo Accords; and second intifada; and suicide attacks; and Wachsman abduction
Arava Brigade
Arbel, Dan
Arbel, Yehuda
Arditi, Mickey
Arens, Moshe
Argaman, Shachar
Argentina
Argentine Israelite Mutual Association (AMIA) building attack of 1994
Argov, Shlomo
Arian, Sami al-
Army of Islam
Arnan, Avraham
artillery strikes on Israel; and global terrorism; increasing use of; lack of effective response to; and Second Lebanon War
artillery strikes on southern Lebanon
Ashkenazi, Gabi
Assad, Hafez al-
Assaf, Ze’ev
assassinations, as counterterrorist tactic: assassination of Black September members (Basiso assassination); assassination of Fatah members; assassination of Hamas members; assassination of Hezbollah members and relatives; assassination of PFLP members; assassination of PIJ members; assassination of PLO members; Ayash “The Engineer” assassination; and collapse of ceasefire with Palestinian Authority; “focused prevention” as euphemism for; Haddad assassination; Hafez as first assassination target; Hamza assassination; ineffectiveness of assassinations/raids in decreasing Palestinian violence; Jihad assassination as retaliation for “Mothers Bus” hijacking; Kanafani assassination as retaliation for Lod massacre; Mashal assassination attempt as retaliation for Machane Yehuda Market attack; motives for; Mughniyah (Fuad) assassination; Mughniyah (Imad) assassination; Musawi assassination; Operation Spring of Youth; Operation Wrath of God as retaliation for Munich Olympics attack; Palestinian retaliatory operations in response to; and policy recommendations; questionable connections between targets and terrorist acts; and Rabin’s frustration with suicide attacks; reprisal actions against Palestinian police; as retaliation for second intifada; selection of targets; and Shahar Unit; Shikaki assassination; and Unit 101, 23-25. See also retaliatory raids
assassinations, as terrorist act: attempt on Golda Meir; attempt on King Hussein of Jordan; and retaliation for Operation Wrath of God; Shlomo Argov (Israeli ambassador to the UK); Wasfi Tel (Jordanian prime minister)
Athens airport attack of 1973
aviation security
Avigur, Shaul
Aviram, Ishay
Avital, Shai
Awal, Ali Abed al-
Ayalon, Ami
Ayash, Yehiya “The Engineer,”
Azoulai, Avner
Balawi, Hakam
Bangkok embassy attack of 1972
Banna, Marwan al-
Barak, Ehud
Barak, Hanan
Barak, Natan
Barghouti, Marwan
Bar-Lev, Omer
Basiso, Ataf
Basque underground
Battikhi, General
Baum, Shlomo
Beeri, Isser
Begin, Menachem
Beinisch, Dorit
Belgium, and financing of terrorism
Ben-Avraham, Amos
Benayoun, Haim
Ben-Eliezer, Benjamin
Ben-Gal, Avigdor
Ben-Gurion, David
Bennett, Steve
Ben-Shimol, David
Ben-Yair, Michael
Ben-Yair, Miriam
Berro, Ibrahim Hussein
Betser, Muki
Biton, Barry
Black September (1970)
Black September organization; Basiso assassination; Munich Olympics attack; and Operation Wrath of God; Sabena Airlines hijacking of 1972
“Blood Bus” attack of 1978
Border Police. See also Yamam
Borowitz, Ida
Böse, Wilfried
Bouchiki, Ahmed
Bouvier, Antonio Degas
British Mandate
Buckley, William
bus attacks: “Blood Bus” attack of 1978, Bus 300 affair; Herzliya Hebrew school bus attack of 1968 Maale Akrabim road attack of 1954 and public transit security
Bush, George W.
Canada, and Mashal assassination attempt
Carlos the Jackel
Carmon, Yigal
Center for Political Research
Central Agency for Intelligence and Security Problems
Central Institute for Intelligence and Security. See also Mossad
Chambers, Erica charitable institutions
Chir, Hussein Abad al-
CIA
Circassians
Clinton, Bill
Cohen, Baruch
Cohen, Victor
Committee of Inquiry Into the Intelligence System in Light of the War in Iraq
Communist Party
counterterrorism: countering the financing of terrorism; emergence of doctrine (1920s to 1950s); and Great Arab Revolt of 1936; and military innovation/adaptation; in the 1940s, overview of intelligence community; overview of models; overview of thwarting forces; policy (and violations of policy) on not surrendering to demands of terrorists; policy recommendations; policy responses to hijackings; and public pressure; reasons for lack of success of war model. See also abductions, as counterterrorist tactic; artillery strikes on southern Lebanon; assassinations, as counterterrorist tactic; criminal justice model; defensive model; elite units; hostage rescue operations; intelligence organizations; interagency competition; interrogation of suspects; Israel Defense Forces; reconciliatory model; war model
criminal justice model; defined/ described; lack of attention to; and policy recommendations. See also police force
crisis management stage of defensive model
Dabash, Bashir Khalil
Dagan, Meir
Damuni, Jamal Salim
Danin, Ezra
Dar, Avraham
Dayan, Moshe
Dayan, Moti
Dayan, Uzi
de Cuellar, Perez
defensive model; and aviation security; buffer zone between West Bank and Israeli territory (Separation Fence); and buffer zone in Lebanon; countering the financing of terrorism; defined/described; effectiveness of; and embassy security; first Israeli semidefensive model; and hostage-taking; as last resort; Palestinian enmity toward Israel due to settlements east of the Separation Fence; policy recommendations for three stages; and public perception of policymakers; public transit security; security guards at entrances to businesses; wall around Jerusalem
democratic dilemma
Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine (DFLP)
Denmark, and financing of terrorism
deterrence; effective measures (see defensive model); ineffectiveness of abductions; ineffectiveness of artillery strikes on southern Lebanon; ineffectiveness of assassinations/raids
DFLP. See Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine
Dib, Ali Hassan
Dichter, Avi
Din, Mahdi Shams al-
Din Veheshbon operation
Dirani, Mustafa
Druze
Duvdevan special forces; and first intifada; and Gurel abduction; and policy recommendations
Efrat, Yonah
Egoz Unit
Egypt: assassination of Egyptian intelligence agent Hafez; and fedayeen; and origins of PLO; smuggling from; war of 1967
Eitan, Rafael
El Al hijacking of 1968
El Reda, Samuel Salman
elections, and war model
elite units; Arava Brigade; competition among; Duvdevan; Egoz Unit; and first intifada; Kfir (900) Brigade; lack of policy on jurisdiction i
n hostage situations; lack of training for hostage rescue; lives of soldiers endangered for questionable operations; mismatch between training and operation assignments; organizational culture of; policy recommendations; and problems of military innovation/ adaptation; Rimon Unit; and second intifada; Shahar Unit of Palmach; Shayetet ; Shimshon; special forces in the occupied territories; and terrorists’ improved capabilities in the 2000s, ; training; Unit Yamas. See also abductions, as counterterrorist tactic; hostage rescue operations; Mossad; paratroopers; Sayeret Matkal; Yamam; and other headings beginning with Sayeret
embassy attacks
embassy security “The Engineer.” See Ayash, Yehiya
Entebbe Airport hostage situation (1976)
Eshkol, Levi
espionage. See intelligence organizations
ETA
Europe: and financing of terrorism; Mossad intelligence gathering in; Operation Wrath of God; terrorist groups
Fadlallah, Sheikh Mohammed Hussein
Fallahian, Ali
Fatah; assassination of Fatah leaders; and Black September; establishment in Lebanon; expulsion from Jordan; and first Lebanon war; and Karameh raid of 1968, ; and PLO; recruitment following 1967 war; terrorist acts
fedayeen
Fein, Baruch
fence, as defense against suicide attacks
financing of terrorism
France: and assassination of Basiso; and financing of terrorism; and hijackings; and Operation Wrath of God; terrorist groups
Friendship Family
Ganor, Boaz
Gathering and Prevention (intelligence organization)
Gaza Strip; control of Palestinian population in the occupied territories following 1967 war; decline of terrorism in the early 1970s,and first intifada; and Oslo Accords; and Rimon Unit; and Shimshon special forces; smuggling over Egyptian border; terrorist acts in
Gemayel, Amine
Gemayel, Bashir
General Security Service (GSS); and assassinations; and aviation security; and Bus 300 affair; conflicting assessments; countering the financing of terrorism; and division of authority; and first intifada; HUMINT network in the occupied territories following 1967 war; intended function of; legal restrictions on activities; Metulla District; and Oslo Accords; policy recommendations; and rivalry over Lebanon; and rivalry over thwarting terrorists attacks; and second intifada; and Separation Fence as defense against suicide attacks; and Sharon; and suicide attacks; and Wachsman abduction. See also interrogation of suspects