A Thousand Lives

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A Thousand Lives Page 34

by Julia Scheeres


  Adams, Paula, 82–83, 85, 91, 92, 98, 115, 194, 245

  African Americans, 6–7, 9

  discrimination against, 16–17, 20–22

  Peoples Temple and, 11, 32, 50, 128, 133, 137, 174

  violence against, 27, 32, 44–45

  Alleg, Henri, 179

  amateur (ham) radio, 2, 46, 55, 68, 81, 83, 85, 98, 101, 114, 118, 129, 130–31, 143, 145, 151, 162–63, 165, 176, 198, 235–36

  Amerindians, 33, 67, 70, 73, 75, 91, 108, 144, 185, 204, 221, 240, 241, 246

  Amin, Idi, 98

  Amos, Christa, 236

  Amos, Liane, 236

  Amos, Martin, 236 Amos, Sharon, 126, 147, 170, 195, 196, 197, 202, 207, 235–36

  Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, 173

  Angelou, Maya, 134

  Annibourne, Neville, 208, 209, 212

  apostolic socialism (divine socialism), 24, 31, 32, 36, 40, 44, 47

  Army, U.S., 236, 239

  Assemblies of God, 10

  Bagby, Monica, 212, 221, 222

  Baker, Jair, 155–56

  Baldwin, Mary, 181

  Banks, Dennis, 33

  Bates, Christine, 48, 49, 77–78, 132, 133

  Beam, Jack, 42, 45, 178, 223

  Beam, Rheaviana, 241

  Bechtel Corporation, 29, 36, 117, 118, 134, 182

  Beecher, Henry Ward, 92

  Bible, 7, 29–30, 155, 242

  Jones’s disenchantment with, 18–19, 50, 88

  Bishop, Aubrey, 94, 97, 126, 200

  Blacken, John, 136

  Black Panther Party, 22, 32, 33, 44–45, 96, 189

  Blair, Norya, 141

  Blakey, Debbie, 85, 98, 200, 219

  defection of, 168–69, 171, 197

  Bogue, Edith, 61–66, 68, 69, 226

  Cordell and, 65–66, 79, 129, 204, 215, 248

  Jonestown arrival of, 79–80

  Ryan visit and, 215, 216

  son’s attempted escape and, 112

  Bogue, Jim, 61–70, 75

  escape plan of, 185–88, 205, 215–17

  Jonestown and, 66–70, 71, 78, 91, 95, 123, 137–38, 141, 181–82, 185–88, 205, 215–17, 220, 223, 226, 240

  massacre aftermath and, 248–49

  name changed by, 106

  Ryan visit and, 215–17, 220, 223

  son’s death and, 61–62, 80

  Bogue, Jonathon, 61–62, 80

  Bogue, Juanita, 61, 186, 187, 215

  Bogue, Marilee, 61, 107, 187, 215, 216, 217, 239, 248, 249

  Bogue, Teena, 61, 186, 215, 216, 221, 223, 240–41

  Bogue, Tommy (Thom), 61, 71–73 escape of, 240–41

  Jonestown and, 1–4, 69–70, 71, 73, 75–76, 91, 106–13, 114, 134, 141, 149–50, 175–76, 187, 200, 204, 215, 217, 220, 221, 223, 226, 240–41

  massacre aftermath and, 248, 249

  punishments meted out to, 75–76, 91, 112–13, 114, 176

  Ryan visit and, 215, 217, 220, 221, 223

  Bollers, Harold, 200

  Boswell, Charles, 12

  Boyd, Carolyn Houston, 208

  Bradshaw, Pam, 163

  Bradshaw, Sandy, 92, 99, 163, 235

  Brady, Michaeleen, 179–80

  Brazil, 14, 15

  British Guiana, 60

  Broussard, Leon, 89–90, 91, 111

  Brown, Bob, 221

  Brown, Jean, 84, 122, 176, 193

  Buford, Teri, 46, 98, 99, 223, 245

  Chaikin drugging and, 104

  defection of, 195–96

  Jones’s last-stand plan and, 100–101

  Burke, John, 207, 235

  Burnham, Forbes, 60, 83, 91, 147,

  Campbell, Ronald, 42

  Carroll, Ruby, 41

  Carter, Jimmy, 52

  Carter, Mike, 244

  Carter, Rosalynn, 52

  Carter, Tim, 206, 209, 244

  Cartmell, Patty, 45

  Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), 30, 130, 131, 148, 165, 179, 191, 193, 195, 199, 210

  Chaikin, David, 104

  Chaikin, Gail, 104

  Chaikin, Gene, 102–5, 194, 238

  drugging of, 104, 212–13, 223

  Dwyer’s visit to, 212–13

  Chaikin, Phyllis, 103, 104, 122, 238

  Chaikin, Ray, 213

  Chile, 178

  “Choice, The,” 32

  civil rights movement, Jones and, 6–7, 11–13, 16

  Clayton, Patricia, 247

  Clayton, Stanley, 20–22, 34–35, 57–58, 101–2, 150, 177

  Ellen Klingman and, 158–59

  escape of, 232–34

  Jonestown massacre and, 226–27, 228–29, 230–31, 232–34, 244

  massacre aftermath and, 247–48

  punishments of, 140–41, 159

  Cold War, 14–15

  Concerned Relatives, 114–16, 162–67, 179, 200, 207, 208, 210, 236

  Congress, U.S., 179, 201, 245–46

  Peoples Temple letter to, 163, 164, 166

  Cordell, Harold, 65–66, 79, 129, 204, 248

  name change by, 106

  Ryan visit and, 215, 217, 221

  Cordell, James, 217

  Corinthians, Book of, 18–19

  Crenshaw, Eddie, 101, 160, 161, 177, 218–19, 228, 233

  Crenshaw, Francine, 161

  Cuba, 95, 148, 169, 171

  Cudjoe (Peoples Temple boat), 1, 2–3, 59, 95, 139, 148, 204, 244

  Custer, George Armstrong, 99

  Customs Service, U.S., 91

  cyanide, 172–73, 199, 203

  Davis, Angela, 33, 102

  Davis, Brian, 71–72

  Jonestown and, 107, 108–13, 149–50, 217

  Ryan visit and, 217

  suicide drill and, 149–50

  Davis, Grover, 243

  Dennis, Carol, 152

  Disciples of Christ, 82

  Domineck, Katherine, 137

  Dwyer, Dick, 208, 209, 212–13, 214, 219, 220, 222, 235

  Dymally, Mervyn, 53, 55

  Ebonics, 133

  Edwards, Zipporah, 8, 9–10, 20, 247

  California move and, 14, 15–18

  Jonestown and, 87–88, 136, 153, 154, 155, 157, 184, 225, 241, 242–43

  Jonestown massacre and, 241, 242–43

  Ryan visit and, 225

  Temple commune and, 49–50, 51

  Ellice, Doug, 202, 235

  Ellison, Ralph, 117

  Esquire, 14

  Eureka Research Association, 179

  Evergreen Cemetery, 239, 249

  Evers, Medgar, 27

  Executive Action, 189, 191

  Fabian, Robert, 246

  faith healing, 7–8, 10, 13, 24–26, 31, 32, 50, 88, 249

  Father Divine, 23

  Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), 55, 144, 145, 162, 176, 193, 235, 238, 247

  Jonestown archive of, xi, 19, 110, 121, 128, 129–30, 152, 210, 225–26, 250

  Ryan assassination and, 245

  Federal Communications Commission (FCC), U.S., 163

  Fields, Don, 165

  Fields, Shirlee, 122

  Fortson, Hugh, 164–65

  Freed, Donald, 189–92

  Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) (1966), 193

  Freitas, Joseph, 33, 55, 125

  Frost, Robert, 134

  Gang of Eight, 44

  Gardener, John, 42

  Garry, Charles, 96, 98, 100, 103, 166, 172, 193, 195, 245

  first Jonestown visit of, 104–5

  Freed and Lane and, 189, 194

  Jonestown massacre and, 223–25

  Ryan’s Jonestown trip and, 207–8, 209, 218

  Gavin, Steve, 52

  George, David, 73, 239

  George, Gabriella, 239

  George, Phillip, 239

  George, Valita, 239

  Georgetown, Guyana, 2, 88, 126

  Katsaris’s trips to, 115

  Peoples Temple women as “PR girls” in, 81–83, 85, 91–93, 126, 168, 194, 195

  Temple headquarters in, 207, 208, 235
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  Temple members’ begging and panhandling in, 139, 147

  U.S. Embassy in, 136–37, 168, 171, 202, 206, 207, 208, 235, 245–46

  Gieg, Stanley, 101–2, 221

  glossolalia, 5–6

  Goodlett, Carlton, 198

  Gosney, Vernon, 212, 214, 221, 222

  Gospel Tabernacle, 5, 6

  Great Migration, 9

  Green, Hamilton, 82, 145

  Greenfield, Albert, 143–44

  Grubbs, Tom, 141–42, 150, 174, 194

  Guy, Thurman, 230–31

  Guyana, 1–4, 15, 24, 29, 38, 46

  climate of, 67–68, 70, 74

  failure to take action against Jones by, 171, 200–201

  flora and fauna of, 1–2, 3, 73, 88

  Ryan’s arrival in, 206

  San Francisco Temple’s removal to, 55–58

  Temple settlers’ first years in, 59–80

  see also Jonestown, Guyana; Jonestown massacre

  Guyana Chronicle, 147

  Guyana Defense Force (GDF), 97, 98, 147–48, 228, 242–43, 244

  Hamlet (Shakespeare), 151

  Harris, Don, 208, 212, 214, 220, 221

  Hass, Jeffrey, 92–93, 94–95, 97, 98–99, 103

  Henry IV (Shakespeare), 151

  Hitler, Adolf, 128

  House of Representatives, U.S., 201, 245–46

  Housman, A. E., 134

  Houston, Bob, 200

  Houston, Sam, 200

  Hoyte, Desmond, 147, 148

  Hughes, Langston, 134

  Hunter, George, 18

  Hunter, Kathy, 172, 192

  Hutton, Bobby, 44–45

  Ijames, Archie, 64

  Ijames, Maya, 120–21

  Indianapolis, Ind., 6, 15, 16

  Deliverance Temple in, 247

  Peoples Temple and, 7, 8–13, 14, 39, 129

  Indianapolis Star, 53

  Indianapolis Times, 12

  Indiana University, 6

  “Inside Peoples Temple” (Kilduff), 54–55

  Internal Revenue Service (IRS), U.S., 246

  Interpol, 91

  Irvine, Keith, 117

  Isaiah, Book of, 242

  Israelites, 32

  Jackson, Earl, 39

  Jackson, Lourece, 227

  James, Lavana, 242

  James, Shanda, 177

  Japanese Americans, 32

  Javers, Ron, 206, 208

  Jesus, 7, 155

  Jesus Land (Scheeres), xi

  Johnson, Janice, 35, 57, 58, 102, 158–61, 227, 230, 232, 233, 234

  Johnson, Lyndon B., 16

  Johnson, Poncho, 211, 224–25

  Jones, Agnes, 216, 233

  Jones, Forrest Ray, 233

  Jones, James Warren, Jr., 11, 12, 93, 236

  Jones, James Warren “Jim,” 3

  abandonment feared by, 39, 121

  angels (alleged assassins) appointed by, 99, 114, 235, 244

  autopsy of, 226

  birth and childhood of, 5–6

  Brazil sojourn of, 14, 15

  Chaikin and, 102–5, 194, 212

  civil rights movement and, 6–7, 11–13

  cremation of, 239

  death of, 234

  decline into insanity of, 92, 119–21, 135, 153, 154, 179, 195–96, 198–99, 202

  defectors and, 42–45, 92, 99, 104, 121, 168–69, 175, 195–96, 197, 201

  drug use by, 27, 40, 114, 128, 144, 174, 186, 198, 202, 212, 226

  early preaching of, 6, 10

  education of, 6, 10

  extramarital affairs of, 40, 44, 46, 79, 115, 168, 174, 195–96, 198–99

  faith healing and, 10, 13, 24–26, 31, 32, 50, 88, 249

  final “death tape” of, 226

  ham radio and, 2, 46, 55, 68, 81, 83, 85, 98, 101, 129, 130–31, 143, 151, 162–63, 165, 176, 198

  Jonestown massacre and, 205, 224, 226, 227–28, 230, 231, 232, 233, 234, 243

  legacy of, 249–50

  lewd conduct arrest of, 85

  mother’s death and, 119–21

  murder plan of, 46–47

  nuclear war fear of, 14–15, 63

  ordination of, 10, 82

  paranoia of, 27, 37, 55, 85, 92, 126, 130, 136, 147, 148–49, 163, 179, 192, 193, 195, 208, 245

  paranormal powers and, 25, 102, 150, 182, 186, 249

  physical decline of, 202, 203

  planning commission murder scheme of, 44–46

  “PR girls” used by, 81–83, 85, 91–93, 126, 168, 194, 195

  rape committed by, 177

  religious views of, 18–19, 23–24, 50, 88

  revolutionary suicide and, 44–45, 97, 98, 99, 100–101, 102, 107, 121–22, 126–27, 148, 169–70, 185, 194, 224–25, 227, 232

  Ryan visit and, 209, 210, 211, 217, 219

  San Francisco politics and, 33, 51–53, 55

  separation of Marceline Jones and, 154

  sex hangup of, 153, 157–61, 191

  “six-day siege” and, 93–99, 102, 107, 118, 150, 192–93, 225

  socialism and, 24, 31, 32, 36, 40, 44, 47, 76, 87, 95, 100, 103, 105, 120

  staged attacks on, 27–28

  Stoen custody case and, 83–86, 89, 90, 92–99, 101, 118, 125–27, 147, 200, 211

  suicide drill and, 149–52

  twin birth fraud and, 144

  violence and, 41–42, 49, 72, 111–12, 116, 140, 153, 160, 179

  Jones, Johnny Brown, 159

  Jones, Lew, 224, 227

  Jones, Lynetta, 6, 119–20, 121, 246

  Jones, Marceline, 11–12, 28, 40, 56, 79, 84, 87, 98, 105, 118, 120, 122, 179, 239

  attempts to control Jones by, 196, 197, 198

  Jonestown massacre and, 223, 232

  Ryan visit and, 209, 211, 213, 217, 218, 229

  separation of Jones and, 154

  Jones, Stephan, 76, 93, 109, 113, 141, 236

  Jones, Walter, 175

  Jonestown, Guyana:

  agricultural production in, 67, 69–70, 77, 137–40

  Big Foot punishment in, 141

  Broussard’s escape from, 89–90, 91, 111

  climate and, 67–68, 70, 74

  communal living in, 78–79, 84, 103, 131–33, 155

  Concerned Relatives and, 114–16, 162–67, 179, 200, 207, 208, 210, 236

  dismantling of, 246

  drugging of inhabitants of, 104, 175–77, 198, 212–13, 223

  early building and settlement of, 59–80

  fake betrothals to camp doctor in, 115

  FBI document archive on Jones and, xi, 19, 110, 121, 128, 129–30, 152, 210, 225–26, 250

  final Christmas Day in, 123

  first structure in, 66

  food shortage in, 137–40, 153–54, 181–82

  foster children sent to, 175

  gunrunning into, 91–92, 99, 163, 171

  housing built at, 78

  Jones’s cottage in, 79

  Jones’s PA speeches and harangues at, 128–29, 133, 176, 184, 198

  Jones’s permanent move to, 55, 77

  Jones’s “PR girls” and, 81–83, 85, 91–93, 126, 168, 194, 195

  “learning crew” punishment in, 123, 126, 134, 141, 149, 155–56, 157, 159, 175, 181

  lease price for, 60

  mail censorship in, 129–30

  mass murder planning in, 121–22, 145–46, 172–73, 195, 199, 203, 204

  as promised or freedom land, 59

  relationship committee in, 157

  relatives held to prevent defections from, 104

  Ryan’s interviews at, 210, 211, 212

  Ryan’s speech to residents of, 211–12

  Ryan’s trip to, 206–22

  school at, 132, 133–35

  sensory deprivation boxes at, 141–42, 171, 180 “six-day siege” at, 93–99, 102, 107,

  118, 150, 153, 192–93, 225

  sleep deprivation as tactic at, 126–27, 128, 170

  Social Security payments suspended to, 96, 127

  soil conditions in, 67
/>   Soviet embassy visit to, 136

  Soviet relocation plan and, 194–95, 196–97

  special care unit (SCU) at, 176, 177, 187, 238

  State Department and, 90–91, 115, 127, 130, 136–37, 168, 171, 200, 201, 202, 206, 207, 208, 235, 245–46

  suicide drill in, 149–52, 153

  surveillance security force in, 128, 174

  twin birth fraud at, 143–44, 147

  “white nights” in, 93, 99, 165, 170, 178, 215, 231

  Jonestown massacre (November 18, 1978), xi, xii, 205, 223–34

  casualties in, 229, 235–39

  Christine Miller’s sole opposition to, 227–28

  disposition of bodies after, 239

  Jones and, 205, 224, 226, 227–28, 230, 231, 232, 233, 234, 243

  Jones’s final “death tape” and, 226

  number of dead in, 236, 239

  number of minors killed in, 229, 250

  Ryan’s assassination and, 221, 228, 238, 245

  Ryan visit prior to, 206–22

  survivors and aftermath of, 240–50

  J.T. Baker Company, 173

  Justice Department, U.S., 246

  Katsaris, Anthony, 208, 210, 211

  Katsaris, Maria, 46, 79, 89, 94, 98, 199

  Chaikin drugging and, 104

  father’s meeting with, 115–16

  Jonestown massacre and, 229, 235, 236, 244

  Ryan visit and, 210, 211

  Katsaris, Steven, 114–16, 164–65, 172, 192, 206, 208

  Kennedy, John F., 14, 27, 189, 191

  Kennedy, Robert F., 27, 189

  Khrushchev, Nikita S., 14

  Kilduff, Marshall, 51–53, 54, 84

  King, Martin Luther, Jr., 27, 44, 191

  King Alfred plan, 32

  Kinsolving, Lester, 54

  Klingman, Clarence, 42

  Klingman, Ellen, 158–59

  Krause, Charles, 207, 208, 213

  Ku Klux Klan, 6, 120

  Lane, Mark, 191–94, 196, 201, 207–8, 245

  last-stand plan, 44–47, 99, 100–101, 121–22, 145–46, 205, 236, 244

  Buford’s memos on, 100

  crashing an airplane and, 46

  cyanide poisoning and, 172–73, 199, 203

  driving a bus off Golden Gate Bridge and, 45

  jumping off Golden Gate Bridge and, 45

  see also Jonestown massacre (November 18, 1978); revolutionary suicide, Jones and

  Lawrence, Marie, 233

  Layton, Carolyn, 46, 79, 98, 121, 174, 199, 236

  Layton, Kimo, 236

  Layton, Larry, 219, 220, 221–22, 245

  Lenin, Vladimir, 27, 37

  “Letter Killeth, but the Spirit Giveth LIFE, The” (Jones), 18–19

  Lewis, Fred, 57

  Lewis, Lue Ester, 228

  Lincoln, Abraham, 9

  Lindsay, Gordon, 172, 194, 208, 209

  Looman, Carolyn, 90

  Lopez, Vincent, 2, 175

  Los Angeles, Calif., Peoples Temple and, 26, 33, 37, 43

  Lucas, Lovie Jean, 180

  lynching, 9

  McCann, Maria, 151

  McCoy, Richard, 101, 115, 116, 126, 202

 

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