Mooney, Booth. LBJ: An Irreverent Chronicle. New York: Crowell, 1976.
Murphy, Bruce Allen. Fortas: The Rise and Ruin of a Supreme Court Justice. New York: Random House, 1991.
MacNeil, Neil. Dirksen: Portrait of a Public Man. New York: World Pub. Co., 1970.
Newseum, with Cathy Trost and Susan Bennett. President Kennedy Has Been Shot. Naperville, Ill.: Sourcebooks MediaFusion, 2003.
Neustadt, Richard E. Presidential Power: The Politics of Leadership from F.D.R. to Carter. New York: John Wiley, 1976.
O’Brien, Lawrence F. No Final Victories: A Life in Politics from John F. Kennedy to Watergate. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1974.
O’Brien, Michael. John F. Kennedy: A Biography. New York: Thomas Dunne Books, 2005.
O’Donnell, Kenneth P. and David F. Powers, with Joe McCarthy. “Johnny, We Hardly Knew Ye”: Memories of John Fitzgerald Kennedy. Boston: Little, Brown, 1972.
O’Neill, Thomas, and William Novak. Man of the House: The Life and Political Memoirs of Speaker Tip O’Neill. New York: Random House, 1987.
Parmet, Herbert S. Jack: The Struggles of John F. Kennedy. New York: Dial, 1980.
Patterson, James T. Grand Expectations: The United States, 1945–1974. Oxford History of the United States. New York: Oxford University Press, 1996.
Pauley, Garth E. “The Genesis of a Rhetorical Commitment.” In James Arnt Aune and Enrique D. Rigsby, eds., Civil Rights Rhetoric and the America Presidency, pp. 155–97.
Pauley, Garth E. LBJ’s American Promise: The 1965 Voting Rights Address. College Station, Tex.: A&M University Press, 2007.
Pearson, Drew, and Jack Anderson. The Case against Congress: A Compelling Indictment of Corruption on Capitol Hill. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1968.
The Presidential Recordings: John F. Kennedy—The Great Crises. 3 vols. Edited by Timothy Naftali, Ernest May, and Philip D. Zelikow. New York: W. W. Norton, 2001.
The Presidential Recordings: Lyndon B. Johnson: The Kennedy Assassination and the Transfer of Power: November 1963–January 1964. 3 vols. Edited by the Miller Center, Kent Germany, Max Holland, Robert David Johnson, and David Shreve. New York: W. W. Norton, 2005.
Public Papers of the Presidents: Lyndon B. Johnson, 1963–64. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1965.
Reedy, George. Lyndon B. Johnson: A Memoir. New York: Andrews & McMeel, 1982.
Reedy, George E. The U.S. Senate: Paralysis or a Search for Consensus? New York: Crown, 1986.
Reeves, Richard. President Kennedy: Profile of Power. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1993.
Reston, James, Jr. The Lone Star: The Life of John Connally. New York: Harper & Row, 1989.
Ripley, Randall B. Kennedy and Congress. General Learning Press, 1972.
Roberts, Charles. The Truth about the Assassination. New York: Grosset & Dunlap, 1967.
Rowan, Carl T. Breaking Barriers: A Memoir. Boston: Little, Brown, 1991.
Rowe, Robert. The Bobby Baker Story. Berkeley, Calif.: Parallax Publishing, 1967.
Rubin, Gretchen. Forty Ways to Look at JFK. New York: Ballantine Books, 2005.
Russell, Jan Jarboe. Lady Bird: A Biography of Mrs. Johnson. New York: Scribner, 1999.
Salinger, Pierre. P.S.: A Memoir. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1995.
Salinger, Pierre. With Kennedy. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1996.
Schaap, Dick. R.F. K. New York: New American Library, 1967.
Schlesinger, Arthur M. A Thousand Days: John F. Kennedy in the White House. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1964.
Schlesinger, Arthur M. The Cycles of American History. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1986.
Schlesinger, Arthur M., Jr. Journals: 1952–2000. New York: Penguin Press, 2007.
Schlesinger, Arthur M., Jr. Robert Kennedy and His Times. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1978.
Schramm, Wilbur. “Communication in Crisis.” In Bradley S. Greenberg and Edwin B. Parker, eds. The Kennedy Assassination and the American Public: Social Communication in Crisis. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1965.
Sheatsley, Paul B., and Jacob J. Feldman. “A National Survey on Public Relations and Behavior.” In Bradley S. Greenberg, and Edwin B. Parker, eds. The Kennedy Assassination and the American Public: Social Communication in Crisis, pp. 149–77. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1965.
Shesol, Jeff. Mutual Contempt: Lyndon Johnson, Robert Kennedy, and the Feud That Defined a Decade. New York: W. W. Norton, 1998.
Sidey, Hugh. A Very Personal Presidency: Lyndon Johnson in the White House. New York: Atheneum, 1968.
Sidey, Hugh. John F. Kennedy, President: A Reporter’s Inside Story. New York: Atheneum, 1963.
Smith, Jeffrey K. Bad Blood: Lyndon B. Johnson, Robert F. Kennedy, and the Tumultuous 1960s. Bloomington, Ind.: Author House, 2010.
Smith, Sally Bedell. Grace and Power: The Private World of the Kennedy White House. New York: Random House, 2004.
Solberg, Carl. Hubert Humphrey: A Biography. New York: W. W. Norton, 1984.
Sorensen, Ted. Counselor: A Life at the Edge of History. New York: Harper, 2008.
Sorensen, Theodore C. Kennedy. New York: Harper & Row, 1965.
Sorensen, Theodore C. The Kennedy Legacy. New York: Macmillan, 1993.
Stein, Jean, and George Plimpton. American Journey: The Times of Robert F. Kennedy. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1970.
Steinberg, Alfred. Sam Johnson’s Boy: A Close-Up of the President from Texas. New York: Macmillan Co., 1968.
Steinberg, Alfred. Sam Rayburn. New York: Hawthorn Books, 1975.
Texas Almanac, 1961–1962. Dallas: Dallas Morning News.
Thimmesch, Nick, and William Johnson. Robert Kennedy at Forty. New York: W. W. Norton, 1965.
Thomas, Evan. Robert Kennedy: His Life. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2000.
Travell, Janet. Office Hours: Day and Night: The Autobiography of Janet Travell, M.D. New York: NAL/World, 1968.
Harry S., Truman. Memoirs by Harry S. Truman: Year of Decisions. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1955.
United Press International and American Heritage Magazine. Four Days: The Historical Record of the Death of President Kennedy. New York: American Heritage; 1964.
Valenti, Jack. This Time, This Place: My Life in War, the White House, and Hollywood. New York: Crown Archetype, 2007.
Valenti, Jack. A Very Human President: A FirstHand Report. New York: Norton, 1975.
Valeo, Francis R. Mike Mansfield, Majority Leader: A Different Kind of Senate, 1961–1976. Armonk, N.Y.: M. E. Sharpe, 1999.
vanden Heuvel, William, and Milton Gwirtzman. On His Own: RFK 1964–68. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1970.
Verba, Sidney. “The Kennedy Assassination and the Nature of Political Commitment.” In Bradley S. Greenberg and Edwin B. Parker, eds. The Kennedy Assassination and the American Public: Social Communication in Crisis. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1965.
Warren, Earl. The Memoirs of Chief Justice Earl Warren. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1977.
Watson, Denton L. Lion in the Lobby: Clarence Mitchell Jr.’s Struggle for the Passage of Civil Rights Laws. New York: William Morrow, 1990.
Weber, Michael P. Don’t Call Me Boss: David Lawrence, Pittsburgh’s Renaissance Mayor. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1988.
West, J. B., with Mary Lynn Kotz. Upstairs at the White House: My Life with the First Ladies. New York: Coward, McCann & Geoghegan, 1973.
Whalen, Charles, and Barbara Whalen. The Longest Debate: A Legislative History of the 1964 Civil Rights Act. Santa Ana, Calif.: Seven Locks Press, 1984.
Whalen, Richard J. The Founding Father: The Story of Joseph P. Kennedy. New York: New American Library, 1964.
White, Theodore H. The Making of the President, 1960. New York: Atheneum, 1961.
White, Theodore H. The Making of the President, 1964. New York: Atheneum, 1965.
Wicker, Tom. JFK and LBJ: The Influence of Personality upon Politics. New York: Morrow, 1968.
Wilkins,
Roy, with Tom Mathews. Standing Fast: The Autobiography of Roy Wilkins. New York: Viking, 1982.
Wilkinson, J. Harvie, III. Harry Byrd and the Changing Face of Virginia Politics, 1945–1966. University Press of Virginia, 1984.
Williams, Irving G. The Rise of the Vice Presidency. Washington, D.C.: Public Affairs Press, 1956.
Wofford, Harris. Of Kennedys and Kings: Making Sense of the Sixties. New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 1981.
WPA. Texas: A Guide to the Lone Star State. New York: Hastings House, 1940.
Youngblood, Rufus W. Twenty Years in the Secret Service: My Life with Five Presidents. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1973.
Notes
ABBREVIATIONS
AA-S Austin American-Statesman
BG Boston Globe
BS Baltimore Sun
CCCT Corpus Christi Caller Times
CDN Chicago Daily News
CSM Christian Science Monitor
CT Chicago Tribune
DMN Dallas Morning News
FWS-T Fort Worth Star-Telegram
HC Houston Chronicle
HP Houston Post
HSTL Harry S. Truman Library
JFKL John Fitzgerald Kennedy Library
JSP Johnson Senate Papers
LAT Los Angeles Times
LBJA Lyndon Baines Johnson Archives
LBJA CF LBJA Congressional File
LBJA FN LBJA Famous Names File
LBJA SF LBJA Subject File
LBJA SN LBJA Selected Names File
LBJL Lyndon Baines Johnson Library
NYDN New York Daily News
NYHT New York Herald Tribune
NYT New York Times
OFWJ Office Files of Walter Jenkins
OH Oral History
PPCF Pre-Presidential Confidential File
PPMF Pre-Presidential Memo File
Reedy OF Vice Presidential Office Files of George Reedy
SAE San Antonio Express
SEP Saturday Evening Post
SP Steele Papers (LBJL)
SPF Senate Political Files
TPR The Presidential Recordings: Lyndon B. Johnson
TPR-JFK The Presidential Recordings: John F. Kennedy
USN&WR U.S. News & World Report
VPP Vice Presidential Papers
WHCF White House Central File
WHCF SF White House Central File—Subject Files
WHFN White House Famous Names File
WES Washington Evening Star
WP Washington Post
WS Washington Star
WSJ Wall Street Journal
Introduction
“My future is behind me”: Busby interview. “Go. I’m finished”: BeLieu interview.
“I never thought”: Clark interview.
“like a shock wave”: “The Day Kennedy Died,” Newsweek, Dec. 2, 1963. “Lyndon Johnson’s ascent”: Graff, ed., The Presidents: A Reference History, p. 595. “There were times”: Greenberg and Parker, eds., The Kennedy Assassination and the American Public, pp. 3, 4. “Probably without parallel”: Sheatsley and Feldman, “A National Survey on Public Relations and Behavior,” in Greenberg and Parker, eds., The Kennedy Assassination, p. 153. “Challenge”: Neustadt, Presidential Power: The Politics of Leadership from FDR to Carter, p. 233.
“The thing I feared”: Johnson interview with Goodwin, Lyndon Johnson, pp. 199, 344. “Might have incurred”: Baker with King, Wheeling and Dealing, p. 271.
Power always reveals: Caro, Master of the Senate, p. xxi. “Well, what the hell’s the presidency for: Fortas, quoted in Miller, Lyndon, p. 337; Fortas interview. “They’ve got the bit”: McPherson interview. “Murdered”: Transcript, “10:10 P.M., to Ted Sorensen, preceded by Bill Moyers and Sorensen,” TPR, Vol. I, p. 168. “At that moment”: Johnson, The Vantage Point, p. 40. “So spontaneous”: Heller OH I.
1. The Prediction
When he was young: The description of Lyndon Johnson on the road gang is from Caro, The Path to Power, pp. 132–34; of him picking cotton, Caro, Path, p. 121. For his work in a cotton gin, Caro, Path, p. 132.
“From the day”: Caro, Path, p. 535; Rowe interview. “By God”: Hopkins interview. Greenbrier incident: Caro, Path, pp. xiii–xvi.
REA offer: Caro, Path, pp. 576–77. Urged in 1946: Caro, Means of Ascent, p. 120. “Couldn’t stand”: Harbin, quoted in Path, p. 229. “Detour”; “dead end”: Caro, Master of the Senate, p. 111. “Here’s where”: Connally interview, quoted in Caro, Means, p. 120. “He believed”; “FDR-LBJ”: Busby interview, quoted in Means, pp. 137–39.
“He was”; “Watch”: Caro, Master, p. 136. “I never”: Edward Clark, Corcoran interviews, quoted in Master, p. 157. “The right size”: Jenkins, quoted in Master, p. 136.
“Obsolesence”: Galloway, The Legislative Process in Congress, p. 584. “Were the happiest”: Lady Bird Johnson interview, quoted in Master, p. 1040.
Johnson at 1956 Convention: Caro, Master, pp. 803–27. “Don’t you worry”: Steele to Johnson, July 8, 1960, SP.
Rayburn’s plaque: Steinberg, Sam Rayburn, p. 236. “Consequential action”: Graham to Johnson, Dec. 20 1956, box 101, LBJA SF, quoted in Caro, Master, p. 848. “If he didn’t”: Corcoran interview, quoted in Caro, Master, p. 850. “If I failed”: Johnson, quoted in Caro, Master, p 850. “Armageddon”: “Lyndon Johnson, Civil Rights and 1960,” Rowe to Johnson, July 3, 1957, Box 32, LBJA SN, quoted in Master, p. 923. “It opened”: Reedy, Lyndon B. Johnson, p. 120, quoted in Master, p. 1003. “It’s just”: Johnson, quoted in McPherson, A Political Education, p. 148, quoted in Master, p. 1003.
“We can never”: Russell, quoted in Master, pp. 853, 1127. By 1957, George Reedy says, “Russell was very determined to elect Lyndon Johnson President of the United States, Reedy OH VIII, p. 100, quoted in Master, p. 787
Ranch memo: Herring, Kilgore interviews. “He was big all right”: Donald Oresman interview, quoted in Master, p. 120. When they called Connally and Jenkins: John Connally, Jenkins, Herring, Kilgore interviews.
Washington meeting in 1957: Corcoran, Reedy, Rowe interviews. The meeting is described in Master, pp. 948, 949. “You know”: Reedy interview. Corcoran was to tell the author also that he told Johnson flatly, “If he didn’t pass a civil rights bill, he could just forget [the] 1960 [nomination].” “It was … time”: Reedy interview. Explaining: Rowe interview. During this time, Rowe and Johnson would be discussing the purport of their conversations with, among others, BeLieu, Busby, Connally, Corcoran and Oltorf, and they confirm and supplement Rowe’s account. “An almost mystical”: Reedy OH IX. Rowe’s memorandum: McCullough, Truman, pp. 590–92; Rowe interview. “Tend the store”: Time, July 18, 1960; Hardeman and Bacon, Rayburn, p. 436. “Thirty years”: Newsweek, 1958. A “playboy”: Douglas, OH, JFKL. “Sickly”; “He never said a word”: “Here was a young whippersnapper, malaria-ridden and yellah, sickly, sickly,” Johnson said. Goodwin, The Fitzgeralds and the Kennedys, p. 780.
“I was so anxious”: “Telephone Conversation between Abe Fortas and Walter Jenkins,” May 21, 1960, “Transcript of Telephone Calls, May 1960,” OFWJ, Series 2. “I’m trying”: Hardeman interview. “Speculation”: Steele to Williamson, March 4, 1958, SP. “The Congresional [sic]”: NYT, June 19, 1960. “You can cross”: “Telephone Conversation between Secretary Anderson and Walter Jenkins,” June 28, 1960, “Transcripts of Telephone Calls—June 1960,” OFWJ, Series 2.
“He said he wasn’t going to do anything”: Rowe OH II. “Endlessly”: Corcoran interview. “Seen in ’56”; “I wrote him a memo”: Rowe interview. When, in August: Rowe to Johnson, Aug. 27, 1958; Johnson to Rowe, Sept. 3, 1958, Box 32, LBJA SN. Just a day; “It won’t do you any good”: Rowe interview. “He wasn’t really”: Kilgore interview. “One so often”: Reedy OH II.
“He’s never had”: Busby OH, JFKL, Busby interview. No campaign to manage: Connally, Jenkins interviews. As much as “he [Johnson] wanted”: Connally, quoted in Connally with Herskowitz, In History’s Shadow, p. 160.
“H
e wanted one thing”: Rowe interview. “He started this thing and ran away from it. Because of his insecurity,” Rowe said. In an interview with the author, Horace Busby laid Johnson’s “hesitancy” to “this combination of self-doubt—that he was rising too high.… ‘Don’t try for it because you’re not going to get it.’ ” Jenkins warned Baker; “a fighting record”; “Johnson feared”; “haunted”: Baker, Wheeling and Dealing, p. 45. “When counting noses for LBJ … was often cautioned never to overestimate our strength because Johnson feared losing on the Senate floor.” “Fear of being defeated”; “petrified”: Baker, Wheeling, p. 44. Baker also said (Wheeling, p. 119), “I think it was Lyndon Johnson’s deep fear of defeat that … led him to declare himself a noncandidate.”
Vomiting: Caro, Master, p. 211; Time, May 21, 1965. “He had a horror: L. E. Jones interview.
“Dog run”: Described in Caro, Path, p. 52, as it was when Sam Ealy and Rebekah moved into it. A second “shed room” was later added behind the house. The Johnsons moved to the ranch in January 1920, and moved off it, back to Johnson City, in September 1922.
People of Johnson City felt: Among the residents of Johnson City who knew Lyndon Johnson as a young man whom the author interviewed were his brother, Sam Houston Johnson (SHJ); his sister, Rebekah Johnson Bobbitt (RJB); his cousin, Ava Johnson Cox, and Ava’s husband, Ohlen Cox, and son, William (Corky) Cox; as well as Milton Barnwell, Louise Casparis, Cynthia Crider Crofts, John Dollahite, Truman Fawcett, Stella Gliddon, Jessie Lambert, Kitty Clyde Ross Leonard, Cecil Redford, Emmette Redford, Clayton Stribling, Mrs. Lex Ward. Had brought to the dog run: This account of the Johnsons’ time on the ranch, and the rest of Lyndon Johnson’s boyhood is from Caro, Path. All the quotations can be found in those chapters, and the sources for them are in the notes at the end of Path.
“All of a sudden”: Anna Itz, quoted in USN&WR, Dec. 23, 1963. (See Caro, Path, p. 100.) “The most important”: SHJ interview. Vacillating in 1948: Clark, Connally, Oltorf interviews. “ ‘Humiliation’ ”: Clark interview.
In command: The picture of Johnson running the Senate is from Caro, Master. All the quotations except those cited here can be found in that book.
The Passage of Power Page 101