——. Yankee Bullets, Rebel Rations. Vicksburg, Mississippi: The Print Shop, 2003.
——, and Ralph C. Mason. With Malice Toward Some: The Military Occupation of Vicksburg, 1864-1895. Vicksburg, Mississippi: Vicksburg and Warren County Historical Society, 1991.
Flood, Charles Bracelen. Grant and Sherman: The Friendship That Won the Civil War. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2005.
Foote, Shelby. The Beleaguered City: The Vicksburg Campaign. New York: The Modern Library, 1995.
Graham, Martin F., Richard A. Saurs, and George Skoch. The Blue and the Gray: The Conflict Between North and South. Lincolnwood, Illinois: Publications International Ltd., 1997.
Grant, Frederick Dent. “General Frederick Dent Grant: Recollections of His Famous Father.” 1908 interview by James B. Morrow. Reprinted in the Ulysses S. Grant Association Newsletter (Southern Illinois University, Carbondale) 9, no. 2 (January 1972).
——. “An Interview With Colonel Frederick D. Grant About His Father.” Interview by A. E. Watrous. Originally printed in McClure’s Magazine, May 1984. Reprinted in the Ulysses S. Grant Association Newsletter (Southern Illinois University, Carbondale) 7, no. 4 (July 1970).
——. “Reminiscences of General Frederick Dent Grant.” Compiled and printed in the Ulysses S. Grant Association Newsletter (Southern Illinois University, Carbondale) 6, no. 3 (April 1969).
——. “With Grant at Vicksburg.” Originally printed in The Outlook, July 2, 1898, and reprinted in the Ulysses S. Grant Association Newsletter (Southern Illinois University, Carbondale) 7, no. 1 (October 1969).
Grant, Julia. The Personal Memoirs of Julia Dent Grant. Edited by John Y. Simon. New York: G. P. Putnam’s Sons, 1975.
Grant, U. S. Personal Memoirs of U. S. Grant. New York: Da Capo Press, 1982.
Hankinson, Alan. Vicksburg 1863: Grant Clears the Mississippi. Oxford, England: Osprey Publishing, 2002.
Hoehling, A. A. Vicksburg: 47 Days of Siege. Mechanicsburg, Pennsylvania: Stackpole Books, 1969.
Kennett, Lee. Sherman: A Soldier’s Life. New York: HarperCollins Publishers, 2001.
Korn, Jerry. War on the Mississippi: Grant’s Vicksburg Campaign. Chicago: Time-Life Books, 1985.
Lord, Mrs. W. W. Journal Kept by Mrs. W. W. Lord During the Siege of Vicksburg by the Forces of General U. S. Grant, May and July, 1863. Springfield, Massachusetts: Connecticut Valley Historical Society, no date. Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.
Loughborough, Mary. My Cave Life in Vicksburg. New York: D. Appleton and Company, 1864.
Marten, James. The Children’s Civil War. Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press, 1998.
Schultz, Duane. The Most Glorious Fourth: Vicksburg and Gettysburg, July 4, 1863. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 2002.
Sherman, W. T. Sherman: Memoirs of General W. T. Sherman. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1957.
Twain, Mark. Cave Life During the Siege of Vicksburg. Pamphlet, Vicksburg Military Park.
Waldrep, Christopher. Vicksburg’s Long Shadow: The Civil War Legacy of Race and Remembrance. Lanham, Maryland: Littlefield Publishers, 2005.
Werner, Emmy E. Reluctant Witnesses: Children’s Voices from the Civil War. Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press, 1998.
Wheeler, Richard. The Siege of Vicksburg. New York: HarperCollins Publishers, 1991.
Winschel, Terrence J. Vicksburg: Fall of the Confederate Gibraltar. Abilene, Texas: McWhiney Foundation Press, 1999.
ENDNOTES
Introduction
4 “Although I was only”: Cotton, Yankee Bullets, p. 65.
Chapter 1: War Conies to Vicksburg
11 “a place of education”: Cotton, Yankee Bullets, p. 65.
14 “Vicksburg is the key”: Winschel, Vicksburg: Fall, p. 14.
14-15 “Mississippians don’t know”: Korn, War on the Mississippi, p. 19.
17 “One bright afternoon”: Cotton, Yankee Bullets, p. 65.
Chapter 2: The Christmas Eve Ball
23 “Great God, Phil”: Korn, War on the Mississippi, p. 63.
24 “The party is at an end”: Korn, War on the Mississippi, p. 63.
25 “He mounts a breastwork”: Wheeler, The Siege of Vicksburg, p. 91.
26 “I reached Vicksburg at the time”: Hoehling, Vicksburg: 47 Days, p. 4.
Chapter 3: The General’s Boy Goes to War
27 “Whenever she could”: Frederick Grant, “Recollections,” p. 4.
27 “I, being the eldest”: Frederick Grant, “Reminiscences,” p. 4.
27 “I considered it”: Julia Grant, The Personal Memoirs, p. 92.
28 “We may have some fighting”: Julia Grant, The Personal Memoirs, p. 92.
32 “I cannot spare this man”: Schultz, The Most Glorious Fourth, p. 31.
32 “Somehow he was more partner”: Schultz, The Most Glorious Fourth, p. 134.
34-35 “the General was greatly amused”: Julia Grant, The Personal Memoirs, p. 111.
37 “the river was lighted up”: Frederick Grant, “With Grant at Vicksburg,” p. 2.
37 “Indeed, it was a grand sight”: Julia Grant, The Personal Memoirs, p. 112.
37 “was quietly smoking”: Frederick Grant, “With Grant at Vicksburg,” p. 2.
37 “magnificent, but terrible”: U. S. Grant, Personal Memoirs of U.S. Grant, p. 241.
37 “It was as if hell”: Korn, War on the Mississippi, p. 85.
37-38 “The batteries were passed”: Julia Grant, The Personal Memoirs, p. 112.
Chapter 4: Burying the Family Silver
40 “With the deep but muffled boom”: Cotton, Yankee Bullets, p. 21.
41 “How is it possible you live here?”: Loughborough, My Cave Life, p. 12.
42 “I looked over this beautiful landscape”: Loughborough, My Cave Life, p. 12.
42 “Resting in Vicksburg”: Loughborough, My Cave Life, p. 12.
42 “I sprang from my bed”: Loughborough, My Cave Life, p. 15.
42-43 “While I hesitated”: Loughborough, My Cave Life, p. 16.
43 “We remained on the veranda”: Loughborough, My Cave Life, p. 18.
43 “the glad sound of the whistle”: Loughborough, My Cave Life, p. 23.
44 “our entire household”: Cotton, Yankee Bullets, p. 21.
44 “a planter’s cordial welcome”: Cotton, Yankee Bullets, p. 22.
Chapter 5: At the Battle Front
45 “I was to remain”: Frederick Grant, “Recollections,” p. 4.
46 “I asked General Thomas to let me”: Frederick Grant, “Recollections,” p. 4.
46 “my guilty conscience”: Frederick Grant, “With Grant at Vicksburg,” p. 3.
47 “the horrors of a battlefield”: Frederick Grant, “Recollections,” p. 3.
47 “Night came on and”: Frederick Grant, “Recollections,” p. 5.
47 “I followed four soldiers”: Frederick Grant, “Recollections,” p. 5.
47 “Surgeons were tossing”: Frederick Grant, “Recollections,” p. 5.
47-48 “I picked my way among”: Frederick Grant, “Recollections,” p. 5.
48 “Why, hello, is that”: Frederick Grant, “With Grant at Vicksburg,” p. 3.
48 “About fifty yards off”: Frederick Grant, “With Grant at Vicksburg,” p. 3.
49 “where some officers were”: Frederick Grant, “With Grant at Vicksburg,” p. 3.
49 “Father, who was ever kind”: Frederick Grant, “With Grant at Vicksburg,” p. 3.
49 “we conceived the idea”: Frederick Grant, “With Grant at Vicksburg,” p. 4.
50 “I, for one, did not propose”: Frederick Grant, “With Grant at Vicksburg,” p. 4.
50 “without a tent, in the midst”: Korn, War on the Mississippi, p. 109.
51 “and here again I saw”: Frederick Grant, “With Grant at Vicksburg,” p. 4.
51-52 “the enemy’s sharpshooters”: Frederick Grant, “With Grant at Vicksburg,” p. 4.
52 “Confederate troops passed”: Frederick Grant, �
��With Grant at Vicksburg,” p. 4.
52 “a mounted officer with”: Frederick Grant, “With Grant at Vicksburg,” p. 4.
53 “I saw the match put”: Frederick Grant, “Recollections,” p. 6.
Chapter 6: The Yankees Are Coming!
54 “We were in far more danger”: Loughborough, My Cave Life, p. 27.
54 “May I not be in danger”: Loughborough, My Cave Life, p. 27.
55 “Very hurriedly we made our”: Loughborough, My Cave Life, p. 27.
55 “was crowded with crushing”: Loughborough, My Cave Life, p. 28.
55 “With our sewing”: Loughborough, My Cave Life, p. 35.
56 “their arms were filled”: Cotton, Yankee Bullets, p. 39.
58 “My mother was so constituted”: Cotton, Yankee Bullets, p. 22.
58 “reluctantly gave his consent”: Cotton, Yankee Bullets, p. 22.
58 “On our return journey”: Cotton, Yankee Bullets, p. 22.
59 “My mother, so comfortably”: Cotton, Yankee Bullets, p. 66.
59 “I remember so well how”: Cotton, Yankee Bullets, p. 66.
60 “When we drove into”: Cotton, Yankee Bullets, p. 66.
60 “there were no pickets”: Cotton, Yankee Bullets, p. 67.
Chapter 7: The Road to Vicksburg
61 “This I thought of all”: Wheeler, The Siege of Vicksburg, p. 27.
63-64 “Our line broke”: Frederick Grant, “With Grant at Vicksburg,” p. 5.
65 “While a battle is raging”: U. S. Grant, Personal Memoirs of U.S. Grant, p. 272.
65 “We killed each other”: Korn, War on the Mississippi, p. 119.
65-66 “I became enthused”: Frederick Grant, “With Grant at Vicksburg,” p. 5.
66 “Following the retreating”: Frederick Grant, “With Grant at Vicksburg,” p. 5.
66 “came dashing up”: Frederick Grant, “With Grant at Vicksburg,” p. 5.
67 “After dark, the whole scene”: Schultz, The Most Glorious Fourth, p. 101.
68 “Until this moment I never”: Hoehling, Vicksburg: 47 Days, p. 8.
Chapter 8: Enemy at the Gates
69 “passed groups of anxious”: Loughborough, My Cave Life, p. 41.
70 “Where on earth”: Loughborough, My Cave Life, p. 43.
70 “Afterward we were told”: Loughborough, My Cave Life, p. 45.
71 “From twelve o’clock”: Balfour, Vicksburg: A City, p. 3.
71-72 “I had everything that”: Balfour, Vicksburg: A City, p. 3.
72 “the ladies waved”: Loughborough, My Cave Life, p. 47.
72 “What a sad evening”: Loughborough, My Cave Life, p. 47.
73 “I still conceive [Vicksburg] to be”: Schultz, The Most Glorious Fourth, p. 103.
73 “I have decided to hold”: Schultz, The Most Glorious Fourth, p. 103.
74 “A long line of high”: Schultz, The Most Glorious Fourth, p. 105.
75 “At every point”: Sherman, Memoirs of General W. T. Sherman, p. 326.
75 “This is a death struggle”: Korn, War on the Mississippi, p. 127.
75 “The excitement was intense”: Loughborough, My Cave Life, p. 50.
76-77 “We ran to the small cave”: Loughborough, My Cave Life, p. 56.
77 “The boys were”: Hoehling, Vicksburg: 47 Days, p. 36.
77-78 “We fixed bayonets”: Hoehling, Vicksburg: 47 Days, p. 38.
78 “had a narrow escape”: Frederick Grant, “With Grant at Vicksburg,” p. 6.
78 “with blood streaming”: Frederick Grant, “With Grant at Vicksburg,” p. 6.
79-80 “All the soldiers came out”: Wheeler, The Siege of Vicksburg, p. 176.
Chapter 9: Into the Caves
82 “a bombshell burst into”: Schultz, The Most Glorious Fourth, p. 126.
83 “any one of them should collapse”: Cotton, Yankee Bullets, p. 22.
83 “children played while”: Cotton, Yankee Bullets, p. 23.
84 “It was living like plant roots”: Hankinson, Vicksburg 1863, p. 77.
84 “the Arabian Nights made real”: Cotton, Yankee Bullets, p. 23.
84-85 “a Minie ball passed through”: Cotton, Yankee Bullets, p. 71.
85 “all bandaged and propped”: Cotton, Yankee Bullets, p. 68.
85 “suddenly a shell came down”: Cotton, Yankee Bullets, p. 68.
85 “succeeded in getting my”: Cotton, Yankee Bullets, p. 68.
85-86 “frightened, rushing into”: Cotton, Yankee Bullets, p. 68.
86-87 “Mother instantly decided to leave”: Cotton, Yankee Bullets, p. 69.
87 “Father was horrified when”: Cotton, Yankee Bullets, p. 69.
87 “My father’s powerful voice”: Cotton, Yankee Bullets, p. 24.
87 “here, under the shadow”: Cotton, Yankee Bullets, p. 23.
87 “Don’t cry, my darling”: Cotton, Yankee Bullets, p. 27.
88 “In this cave we sleep”: Hoehling, Vicksburg: 47 Days, p. 127.
88 “bear themselves like”: Hoehling, Vicksburg: 47 Days, p. 127.
88 “rang the bell, robed”: Cotton, Yankee Bullets, p. 29.
88 “The church has been”: Balfour, Vicksburg: A City, p. 15.
89 “We are again victorious”: Balfour, Vicksburg: A City, p. 11.
89 “There were loud cheers”: Hoehling, Vicksburg: 47 Days, p. 65.
89 “I can’t pity the rebels”: Werner, Reluctant Witnesses, p. 84.
89 “I suppose [the women] are determined”: Balfour, Vicksburg: A City, p. 150.
89 “The general impression”: Balfour, Vicksburg: A City, p. 14.
Chapter 10: Dangerous Days
90 “After passing a bad night”: Balfour, Vicksburg: A City, p. 12.
90 “rocking the earth”: Loughborough, My Cave Life, p. 90.
91 “How very sad this life”: Loughborough, My Cave Life, p. 81.
91 “the shot fell thick and fast”: Cotton, Yankee Bullets, p. 69.
92 “when the shell exploded”: Cotton, Yankee Bullets, p. 29.
92 “The victim … stood holding”: Cotton, Yankee Bullets, p. 31.
92 “so near the top of my head”: Cotton, Yankee Bullets, p. 27.
92 “Get in the cave!”: Cotton, Yankee Bullets, p. 69.
93 “So up came the tent”: Cotton, Yankee Bullets, p. 70.
Chapter 11: Growing Desperation
95 “When shall I expect you?”: Schultz, The Most Glorious Fourth, p. 111.
95 “I am waiting most anxiously”: Schultz, The Most Glorious Fourth, p. 111.
96 “The wound I had received”: Frederick Grant, “With Grant at Vicksburg,” p. 6.
96-97 “I saw a great deal of”: Frederick Grant, “With Grant at Vicksburg,” p. 6.
97 “Almost every day as I drove”: Wheeler, The Siege of Vicksburg, pp. 186-87.
97-98 “He said casually, ‘I guess’”: Flood, Grant and Sherman, pp. 179-80.
98 “I then asked about her husband”: Kennett, Sherman: A Soldier’s Life, p. 355.
101 “From the remarks of some”: Wheeler, The Siege of Vicksburg, p. 177.
102 “They agreed with us perfectly”: Werner, Reluctant Witnesses, p. 84.
Chapter 12: Empty Stomachs
104 “all lived in a state of”: Cotton, Yankee Bullets, p. 28.
104 “one lady standing”: Cotton, Yankee Bullets, p. 71.
104 “Sometimes a cave had twenty”: Korn, War on the Mississippi, p. 140.
105 “as she was about to do so”: Cotton, Yankee Bullets, p. 29.
106 “Give them a chance”: Graham, The Blue and the Gray, p. 114.
106 “If slaves seem good soldiers”: Graham, The Blue and the Gray, p. 118.
106 “The bravery of the blacks”: Arnold, Grant Wins the War, p. 284.
108 “Our provisions were becoming”: Cotton, Yankee Bullets, p. 70.
108 “a half-barrel of [corn] meal”: Cotton, Yankee Bullets, p. 31.
109 “It was awful, either rubbery”: Korn, War on the Missis
sippi, p. 150.
109 “and pea meal”: Arnold, Grant Wins the War, p. 272.
109 “I have rarely heard a murmur”: Hankinson, Vicksburg 1863, p. 70.
109 “Graves are dug today”: Winschel, Vicksburg: Fall, p. 103.
Chapter 13: Surrender!
111 “If you can’t feed us”: Schultz, The Most Glorious Fourth, p. 172.
112 “This is my only hope”: Schultz, The Most Glorious Fourth, p. 264.
112 “I know we can get better”: Schultz, The Most Glorious Fourth, p. 265.
113 “Dysentery had pulled me down”: Frederick Grant, “An Interview With,” p. 3.
114 “Soon a white flag appeared”: Frederick Grant, “With Grant at Vicksburg,” p. 7.
114 “Pemberton and I had served”: Schultz, The Most Glorious Fourth, p. 341.
115 “Father was immediately joined”: Frederick Grant, “With Grant at Vicksburg,” p. 7.
115-16 “I remained in the tent”: Frederick Grant, “With Grant at Vicksburg,” p. 7.
116 “All was quiet”: Cotton, Yankee Bullets, p. 71.
116 “We were all sitting outside”: Cotton, Yankee Bullets, p. 71.
117 “pale as death and with”: Hoehling, Vicksburg: 47 Days, p. 275.
117 “Such a scene of desolation”: Schultz, The Most Glorious Fourth, p. 367.
117 “A huge plantation wagon”: Hoehling, Vicksburg: 47 Days, p. 288.
118-19 “How sad was the spectacle”: Schultz, The Most Glorious Fourth, p. 360.
119 “men felt very bitterly”: Cotton, Yankee Bullets, p. 71.
120 “You can imagine our feelings”: Werner, Reluctant Witnesses, p. 90.
120 “Our men had had full”: U. S. Grant, Personal Memoirs of U. S. Grant, p. 295.
Chapter 14: The Unfinished War
123 “Johnston evidently took in”: Korn, War on the Mississippi, p. 142.
123 “Really, it was very”: Julia Grant, The Personal Memoirs, p. 128.
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