Marie Antoinette (1755–93), Queen of Louis XVI of France, 68, 99, 100, 116, 125
Marie Josèphe de Saxe (1731–67), second wife of Louis, Dauphin of France, 88; chosen as wife for the Dauphin, 89; marriage celebrations, 90–1; sympathy with the Dauphin’s grief for his first wife, 90; wins over the Queen, 90; nurses the Dauphin during his attack of smallpox, 92; miscarriages, 93; birth of children, 93–4, 194, 198, 225; death of her mother, 198, 203; on Mme de P.’s death, 231–2
Marie Leczinska (1703–68), Queen of Louis XV of France, chosen as bride for the King, marriage and character, 10–11; her friends on, 26–7; at the Dauphin’s marriage celebrations, 30; gambling debts, 60; and Mme de P., 59–60, 82–4; visits the Théâtre des Petits Cabinets, 82; won over by her second daughter-in-law, 90; dislike of Voltaire, 114; and Damiens’s attack on the King, 182; on Mme de P.’s death, 232; other references passim
Marie Louise Elisabeth of France see Parma, (Marie Louise) Elisabeth, Duchess of
Marie-Thérèsa Raphaele de Bourbon, Infanta of Spain (1727–47), first wife of Louis, (1729–65), Dauphin of France; marriage, 29–37; pregnancy and birth of daughter, 60; death, 60
Marie-Zéphyrine of France (1750–55), daughter of the Dauphin and Marie Josèphe, 92
Marigny, estate given by the King to Mme de P.’s father, 57, 96
Marigny, Abel François Poisson de Vandières, Marquis de (1727–91), brother of Mme de P., 17, 18, 19, 37, 43; created Marquis, 57, 58, 59, 63, 65; character, 96; sent to Italy by his sister, 97, 98; succeeds Tournehem as director of the King’s buildings, 99, 111, 116, 118, 119, 121, 128, 131–2; sells his sister’s possessions, 134, 151; grief at death of his niece Alexandrine, 151; lack of interest in politics, 155; refused admittance to the King during his illness, 184; advises his sister against leaving Versailles 184–5, 187; his sister’s legacy, 230; resigns all offices on his sister’s death, but the King restores them, 233; other references passim
Marlborough, George Spencer Churchill, 4th Duke of (1739–1817), 223
Marivaux, Pierre Carlet de Chamblain de (1688–1763), 22, 77
Marly, Château de [District of Paris], 42, 54, 57, 62, 64, 67, 117, 167, 226
Marmontel, Jean François (1723–99), 109, 111, 147
Maupéou, René Nicolas Charles Augustin de (1714–92), 7, 159, 183
Maupertuis, Pierre Louis Moreau de (1698–1759), 52
Maurepas, Jean Frédéric Phélypeau, Comte de (1701–81), 40, 70, 102–6, 109, 119, 136, 156, 158, 205, 213
Méchant, Le (Gresset, 1745), 81
Meinières, M. le Président de, 189–92
Meissen factory, 89, 133
Ménars, Château de [Loir-et-Cher], 68, 129, 130, 226, 229, 230
Menus Plaisirs, state department of the, 76, 79, 85, 86
Mesdames de France: the daughters of Louis XV and his Queen
Metz [Moselle], King’s illness at, 12, 13, 20, 26, 39
Meudon, Château de [District of Paris], 64, 127
Michelet, Jules (1798–1874), 139
Mimi, one of Mme de P.’s dogs, 133
Minorca, 178, 199, 200, 206, 224
Mirabeau, Victor Riqueti, Marquis de (1715–89), 118
Mirepoix [Aude], Bishop of: see Boyer, Jean François
Mirepoix, Charles Pierre Gaston François de Lévis, Duc de (1674–1757), Maréchal de France 1751, 122, 171, 230
Mirepoix, Duchesse et Maréchale de, 67, 122, 184–5, 226–7
Molière (Jean-Baptiste Poquelin, 1622–73, called), 87, 152
Moncrif, François Auguste Paradis de (1687–1770), 28, 56, 82
Monmartel, M de: see under Pâris brothers
Monsieur: see Orléans, Philippe I, Duc d’
Monsieur le Duc: see Bourbon et d’Enghien, Louis Henri de Bourbon-Condé, Duc de
Montcalm de Saint Véran, Louis Joseph, Marquis de (1712–59), 196
Montespan, Françoise Athénais de Mortemart, Marquise de (1641–1707), 8, 85, 110, 141, 142, 163
Nattier, Jean Marc (1685–1766), painter, 22
Netherlands, Austrian [Belgium], 175 see also Low Countries
Nivernais, Louis Jules Mancini Mazarini, Duc de (1716–98), 23, 76, 80, 81, 97–8, 105–6, 176, 208, 222–3, 224
Noailles, Adrien Maurice, Comte et Duc d’Ayen, Duc de (1678–1766), Maréchal de France 1734, 56, 80
Noailles, Charles, Vicomte de, 126
Noailles, Louis, Comte et Duc d’Ayen, Duc de (1713–93), 33, 36, 51, 53, 56, 65, 75, 80, 107, 121, 139, 140, 141, 181
Noailles, Philippe, Comte de (1715–94), Maréchal de France 1766, 46, 75, 80, 212
noblesse: de cour, 4; de robe, 15, 39, 156, 157; d’épée, 15, 156
Nostradamus (1503–66), astrologer, 30
Notre Dame, Paris, 178
Oliver, Abbé d’, 52
O’Murphy, Louise (1737–1814), a mistress of Louis XV, 138
Orford, Horace Walpole, 4th Earl of (1717–97), 130, 205, 214
Orléans [Loiret], 4
Orléans, Louis, Duc de Chartres et d’ (1703–52), 8, 141
Orléans, Louis Philippe, Duc de Chartres et d’ (1725–85), 30, 31, 65, 92, 94, 169; Louise Henriette de Conti, Duchesse de Chartres et d’, 31
Orléans, Louis Philippe Joseph, Duc d’ (1747–93), known as Philippe Egalité, 94
Orléans, Philippe I, Duc d’ (1640–1701), brother of Louis XIV, called Monsieur, 8
Orléans, Philippe II, Duc de Chartres et d’ (1674–1723), Regent of France 1715–22, 2, 3, 7, 9, 55, 56, 90, 94
Orry, Philibert, Comte de Vignory (1689–1747), Contrôleur Géneral des Finances, 61, 156
Pacte de Famille among the Bourbons, 1761, 221
Palais de Justice, Paris, 156, 157, 160–1, 163, 180, 189
Palais-Royal, Paris, 2, 7, 211
Parc aux Cerfs, Versailles, house owned by Louis XV 1755–71, 138, 139, 168–9, 226
Paris; ball at the Hôtel de Ville, 1745; Archbishop of: see Beaumont, Christophe de
Pâris brothers, 16, 17, 42, 61, 63, 65, 144, 199, 200; Antoine (1668–1733); Claude called La Montagne (1670–1745); Joseph called Duverny (1684–1770), 16, 42, 144, 199, 200;
Jean, called de Montmartel (1690–1766), 16, 144
Paris Parlement, 156–7, 159,180, 189, 192
Parlements, the, 156–63, 180, 189, 191, 192, 193, 196, 219, 220, 221, 228; see also Paris Parlement; Toulouse Parlement
Parma, Italy, Duchy of, 66, 85, 94, 100, 175, 221, 222
Parma, (Marie Louise) Elisabeth of France, Duchess of (1727–59), 29, 66, 85, 94, 100, 102, 175, 211, 212, 221, 222, 225
Parma, Philip of Bourbon Duke of (1720–65), a younger son of Philip V of Spain, 29, 94, 100, 175, 233
Parrocel, Ignace Jacques (1667–1722), painter of battles, 53, 132
Passy, Paris, 85, 151, 226
pederasty at Court, 8–9
Penthièvre, Louis Jean Marie de Bourbon, Duc de (1725–93), 141, 197
Perth, Elizabeth Hamilton (née Middleton), Duchess of, 161
Peter I (1672–1725), the Great, Tsar of Russia, 9
Peter III (1728–62), Tsar of Russia, 222
Petits Appartements: Louis XV’s suite at Versailles, 5, 181
Petit Trianon, Versailles, 54, 125, 226
Philip V (1683–1746), King of Spain from 1700, 9, 29
Philip, Infante of Spain: see Parma, Duke of
Philippe Egalité: see Orléans, Louis Philippe Joseph, Duc d’
philosophies, les, 21–2, 23, 44, 95, 104, 107, 119, 172, 195, 205–6, 219–20, 221
Picquigny, Duc de: see Chaulnes, Marie Joseph, Duc de
Pigalle, Jean Baptiste (1714–85), sculptor, 63, 127, 133, 227
Pineau, Nicolas (1684–1754), sculptor on wood, 128
Piron, Alexis (1689–1773), 52, 112–13
Pitt, William: see Chatham, 1st Earl of
Plessis family, the du, 66
Poisson, Abel: see Marigny, Abel Poissons de Vandières, Marquis de
Poisson, Jeanne Anto
inette: see Pompadour, Marquise et Duchesse de
Poisson, François, father of Mme de Pompadour, 16–17, 20, 43, 50, 57, 99, 151
Poisson, Madeleine de la Motte, mother of Mme de P., 16, 17, 18, 23, 42, 62
‘Poissonades’, scurrilous attacks on Mme de P., 100–1, 103
Poisson de Malvoisin, M., cousin of Mme de P.’s father, 230
Poisson family, 50
Polignac, Melchior de (1661–1742), Cardinal 1713, 52
Pompadour, Jeanne Antoinette Poisson, Madame d’Etioles, Marquise et Duchesse de (29 December 1721–15 April 1764), birth, 15–16; and the fortune teller, 17; her education and accomplishments, 18; charm, 18–19; marriage to M. d’Etioles, 20; birth of Alexandrine, 20–1; plans a salon, 21; follows the royal hunt and is warned off, 24; meets the King at the Ball of the Clipped Yew Trees, 32; installed in Mme de Mailly’s former flat at Versailles, 36; first appearance at court, 36; sent to Etioles to study court usage, 39–40; separation from her husband, 44; letter from the King to the Marquise de Pompadour, 44; presentat ion to the Queen, 49–51; at Fontainebleau, 54–5; her liking for nicknames and freedom from court restraint, 58; efforts to please the Queen, 59–60; her apartments at Versailles, 67–8; sexual difficulties, 70–1; kindness to the Prince de Croŷ, 73–4; as an actress, 79–87; lack of understanding of her religion, 82–3; unpopular with the Parisians, 87; ‘Poissonades’ against her, 100–1; miscarriage, 104; health, 117; love of animals, 119; houses, 125; engraver, 133; books and possessions, 133–4; new relationship with King, 135–44; d’Argenson and Mme d’Estrades intrigue against her, 145–54; presented to the Queen as a duchess, 149; distress at daughter’s death, 153; lady–in–waiting to the Queen, 168; engages in diplomacy, 174–5; advised by Machault to leave Versailles, 184; contrary advice from her brother, 185; receives le Président de Meinières, 189–92; change in the way of life, 197–8; deterioration in health, 225; sells her diamonds, 230; receives gifts from Maria Theresa, 216–17; last public appearance, 228; her bequests to the King, 230; other bequests, 230; last illness, 230–1; many other references passim
Pons, Madame de, 80
Pontchartrain, Château, 105
Pope, the: see Benedict XIV
Portail, Marthe Antoinette, 32
Port Royal des Champs, Abbey of, 158
Pousse, Dr, specialist in smallpox, 91–2
Prague, Bohemia, 198
Préjugé à la Mode, Le (La Chaussée, 1735), 81, 83
Prevost d’Exiles, Antoine François (1697–1763), Abbé, 51
Prie, Jeanne Agnès Berthelot de Pléneuf, Marquise de (1698–1727), 10
Prince de Noisy, Le (play), 84
Princes of the Blood, 2, 23, 41, 54, 77, 109–10, 155, 157, 183, 192
Provence, province of, 35, 122
Prussia, 38, 51, 114, 121, 126, 142, 171, 172, 173, 174, 176, 193, 195, 202, 203, 205, 207
Pucelle d’Orléans, La (Voltaire, 1755), 53
Quebec, 171, 195
Quesnay, François (1694–1774), 68, 71, 104, 116–18, 119, 121, 136, 147, 183, 185, 230
Racine, Jean (1639–99), 114
Ramsay, Allan (1713–84), 224
Régiment du Roi at Fontenoy, 46, 47
Reinette: family nickname for Mme de P. and its origin, 17–18
renversement des alliances: policy adopted by Louis XV and his ministers in 1756, 177, 188
Requétes, Maîtres de, 160; Cour de 220
Reservoirs, Hôtel des, Versailles, 69, 110, 126, 134, 144, 231
Richelieu, Armand Jean du Plessis, Duc de (1585–1642), Cardinal 1622, 38, 66
Richelieu, Louis François Armand de Vignerot du Plessis, Duc de (1696–1788), Maréchal de France, 1748, friend of Mme de Châteauroux, 13, 14, 25, 35, 46, 47, 48; hostility to Mme de P., 56, 61, 66, 102, 104; duel with Prince de Lixin, 122, 153; takes Port Mahon, Minorca, 178, 199; flattered by Frederick the Great, 200, 202; buys Hôtel d’Antin, 204–5
Richelieu, Mlle de: see Egmont, Comtesse d’
Rodogune, 133
Rohan, Vicomte, 84
Rohan family, 41, 64, 65
Rohan-Soubise, Armand Gaston Maximilien de (1674–1749), Bishop of Strasbourg 1704, Cardinal 1712, 11
Romains, Mlle: see Cavanac, Marquise de
Romanet, Charlotte Rosalie: see Choiseul, Charlotte Rosalie Romanet, Comtesse
Rome, 97, 98, 106, 150, 162, 170, 188, 210, 211, 228
Rosbach, Battle of, 1757, 139, 202, 205, 209
Rossignol, Madame, 214
Roucoux, French victory of, 1747, 170
Rouillé, Antoine Louis: see Jouy, Comte de
Roure, Marie de Gontaut, Comtesse du (d. 1770), 65, 80, 107, 189
Rousseau, Jean Jacques (1717–78), 195, 232
Royal Dauphin (ship), 171
Russia, 170, 171, 180, 195, 200, 206, 225
sacraments refused to suspected Jansenists
Sacy, Père de, 166
St Cast, Battle of, 1758, 209
St Cloud [District of Paris], 105, 113, 123, 131, 132, 140
St Cyr School [District of Paris], 164
St Denis [District of Paris], 63, 183, 198
Saint Espirit, Croix du (est. 1575), 73, 84, 93, 96–7, 163
St Florentin, Comte de: see Vrilliere, Duc de la
St Germain, Comte de (c. 1707–c. 1784), adventurer, 203
St Germain, Comtesse de, 51
Saint-German-en-Laye [District of Paris], 36
St Hubert, Château de [District of Paris], 54
St Louis, convent of, 164–5
Saint Louis, order of, 110
St Médard, Church of, 161–2
Saint Michel, Order of, 131
St Ouen, Château de [District of Paris], 129
St Philip, Fort, Mahon, Minorca, 178
Saint-Simon, Louis de Rouvroy, Duc de (1675–1755), 27, 164
Salle, M. de la, 123, 144
Sanderhausen, Battle of, 1758, 209–10
Sardinia, 38, 171
Savonnerie factory, 157
Saxe, (Hermann), Maurice, Comte de (1696–1750), Maréchal de France 1744, Maréchal Général 1746; 16, 39, 46, 47, 65, 75, 77–8, 80, 88, 170, 198, 199, 202, 207
Saxe, Marie Josèphe de: see Marie Josèphe de Saxe
Saxony, 38, 88, 89, 132, 179, 188, 202
Sceaux [District of Paris], 193, 205
Séguier, Pierre (1588–1672) Chancelier de France, 192
Sémiramis (Voltaire, 1748), 113; (Crébillon, 1717), 113
Sénart, Forest of [District of Paris], 20, 24
Senegal, 224
Seven Years’ War, The, 1756–63, 68, 76, 179, 195–212, 221, 225
Sèvres [District of Paris], 32, 33, 127, 132–3, 157, 216
Sèvres, Pont de, Paris, 15, 228
Sicilies, the two, 171, 221
Silhouette, Etienne de (1709–67), 156
silver sent by the King and Mme de P. to be melted down, 216
smallpox, Dauphin suffers from, 91–2, 94–5
Soissons [Aisne], 211; Bishop of, 13
Sophie of France (1734–82), 5th daughter of Louis XV, 95, 211
Soubise, Charles de Rohan, Prince de (1715–87), Maréchal de France 1758, 185, 198, 199, 202–3, 206, 209–10, 230, 231
Soufflot, Jacques Germain (1714–80), architect, 97
Souvré, Francois Louis, Marquis de (1704–67), 110, 122
Spain, 1, 2, 9, 21, 29, 31, 32, 38, 73, 94, 170, 171, 197, 208, 221, 222
Stainville, Comte de: see Choiseul, Duc de
Stanislas I (Stanislas Leczinski, 1677–1766), King of Poland 1705–09, 10, 26–7, 49, 52, 54, 80, 89, 90, 112, 122, 227
Stanislas, Place, Nancy, 227
Starhemberg, Georg Adam, Count, Austrian Ambassador at Versailles, 172–5, 216, 217
Strasbourg [Bas Rhin], 198, 199
Sweden, 17, 130, 171, 180, 222
Swiss Guard, the 91, 93, 181, 215
Tableau Economique, Le (Quesnay, 1758), 118
Taine, Hippolyte Adolphe (1828–93
), 108
Tancrède (Voltaire, 1760), 84, 218
Tartuffe (Molière, 1664), 80
Temple de la Glorie, Le (Voltaire), 52
Tencin, Pierre Guérin de (1680–1749), Cardinal 1739, 163
Tencin, Claudine Alexandrine Guérin de (1682–1749), 22
Terence: edn. printed by Horace Walpole in Marigny’s library, 130
Tessé, Marquis de, 31, 151
Théâtre des Petits Cabinets, 80, 81, 85, 86–7
Tocqué, Louis (1696–1772), painter, 132
Toulouse, Louis Alexandre de Bourbon, Comte de (1678–1737), 141, 166
Toulouse, Marie-Victoire Sophie de Noailles, Marquise de Gondrin, Comtesse de, 141
Toulouse [Haute-Garonne], 218–19
Toulouse Parlement, 220
Tournehem, Charles François Le Normant de (d. 1751), 17, 18, 20, 23, 35, 37, 43, 44, 57, 62, 63, 80, 97, 99, 131, 142
Trianon, Versailles, 49, 54, 64, 69, 74, 93, 101, 119, 120, 124, 125, 126, 180–1, 182 see also Petit Trianon
Troyennes, Les, 153
Tuileries, Les, Paris, 2, 42, 43, 48, 172, 227
Turenne, Henri de La Tour d’Auvergne, Vicomte de (1611–75), Maréchal de France 1643; Maréhal Général 1658, 88, 198, 200, 201
Turenne, Louise de Lorriane Marsan de La Tour d’Auvergne, Princesse de, 64
Turenne, Prince de, 75
Turgot, (Anne Robert), Jacques (1727–81), 118
Unigenitus, the Papal Bull, 158–9
Valfons, Marquis de, 19, 187
Vandières: estate given by the King to Mme de P.’s father, 57
van Loo (Charles André called Carle) (1705–65), artist, 127
van Loo (Louis Michel called Michel) (1707–71), artist, 127, 232
Vauvenargues, Luc de Clapiers, Marquis de (1715–47), 22
Vendôme, Place, Paris, 32, 233
Ventadour, Charlotte Eléonore de La Mothe Houdancourt, Duchesse de (1661–1744), governess of the young Louis XV, 1–2
Verberckt, wood carver, 127, 142, 175
Versailles [District of Paris], Louis XV returns to 1–14; ball at 29–37; opera by Voltaire at, 52; Mme de P.’s apartments at, 135; Musée de, 125; many other references passim
Versailles, Treaty of, 1756, 177, 198, 232
Victoire of France (1733–99), 4th daughter of Louis XV, 58, 95, 141, 181, 211, 228
Vienna, 56, 177, 188, 189, 206, 210, 217, 221
Villars, Claude Louis Hector, Marquis, later Duc de (1653–1734), Maréchal de France, 10; Duc de (1762), 219
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