Book Read Free

The Cigarette Century

Page 77

by Allan Brandt


  English, Peter

  Environmental Protection Agency

  Environmental tobacco smoke

  EPA. See Environmental Protection Agency

  Epidemiological studies ; criticisms of ; of increases in lung cancer; on longevity and smoking ; in other countries ; of secondhand smoke. See also individual studies

  Esty, William C.. See also William Esty Company

  ETS. See Environmental tobacco smoke

  Eubanks, Sharon

  Eugenics and smoking

  Executive Committee, Tobacco Institute

  Expert witness, author as

  Exports of cigarettes

  Express warranty

  F.S. Kinney (company)

  Face the Nation (TV show)

  Failure-to-warn claims

  Fair Labeling and Packaging Act of 1966

  Fairness Doctrine

  Farber, Emmanuel

  Farone, William

  Farr, William

  FCC. See Federal Communications Commission

  FCLAA. See Federal Cigarette Labeling and Advertising Act of 1965

  FCTC. See Framework Convention for Tobacco Control

  FDA. See Food and Drug Administration

  Federal Appeals Courts

  Federal Cigarette Labeling and Advertising Act of 1965

  Federal Communications Commission

  Federal District Courts

  Federal Hazardous Substances Act

  Federal Labeling Act of 1969

  Federal Rules of Procedure

  Federal Trade Commission ; efforts to regulate cigarette ads ; and FCLAA ; limits on FTC regulation of tobacco industry

  Felton, David

  Fieser, Louis

  Filter cigarettes

  Financial Times (newspaper)

  Finch, Edwin P.

  Fiore, Michael

  Fire-safe cigarettes

  First Amendment protections

  First Usual Brand Young Adult Smokers. See FUBYAS

  Fischer, Paul

  Fisher, Irving

  Fisher, Ronald A.

  Fitzpatrick, Kenneth J.

  Florida ; Florida Supreme Court

  Flue-curing

  Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act of 1938

  Food and Drug Administration ; efforts to regulate tobacco industry ; legislation ; limits on FDA regulation of tobacco industry

  Ford, Gerald

  Ford, Henry

  Ford, Lacy

  Fordice, Kirk

  Fortas, Abe

  Fortune (magazine) ; Fortune

  Framework Convention for Tobacco Control ; criticisms of

  Fran Gianninoto & Associates (design firm)

  France

  Frank, Stanley

  “Frank Statement to Cigarette Smokers, A,”

  Fraud

  Free-trade agreements

  Freud, Sigmund

  Friendly, Fred

  Fritschler, A. Lee

  FTC. See Federal Trade Commission

  FUBYAS

  Furth, Jacob

  Gallup poll

  GAO. See General Accounting Office

  Garber, Marjorie

  Garland, Joseph

  Garner, Donald

  Gasch, Oliver

  GASP. See Group Against Smoking and Pollution

  Gaston, Lucy Page

  GATT. See General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade

  Gauthier, Wendell

  Gehan, Mark W.

  General Accounting Office

  General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade. See also World Trade Organization

  General Agreement on Trade in Services (WTO)

  Genetics and cancer

  “Gentleman’s agreement” against scientific research

  George Polk award

  Germany

  Gingrich, Newt

  Ginsburg, Ruth Bader

  Ginter, Lewis

  Glantz, Stanton

  Global Settlement Agreement . See also Master Settlement Agreement

  Globalization strategies ; global death analysis

  Godfrey, Arthur

  Goldberger, Joseph

  Goldstone, Steven

  “Good Epidemiological Practices” (Philip Morris)

  Good Housekeeping (magazine)

  Goodale, James

  Goodman, Walter

  Goodwin and Company

  Gore, Al

  Gori, Gio

  Gouin, Clara

  Gould, Leslie

  Graham, Evarts

  “Grandfather clause,”

  Gray, Bowman, Jr.

  Great American Smokeout

  Great American Smoker’s Kit

  Great Britain

  “Great Debate, The” (Garland)

  Greece

  Green [Edwin] v. American Tobacco

  “Green tobacco sickness,”

  Greene, H. S. N.

  Greene, Harold

  Greenwood, Major

  Gregoire, Christine

  Griffin, George

  Group Against Smoking and Pollution

  Guardian (newspaper)

  Gummi Bears

  Guthrie, Eugene H.

  Haas, Fred

  Habituating vs. addicting

  Hagen, Joyce

  Hahn, Paul

  Hall, Art

  Hamill, Peter

  Hamilton, A. E.

  Hammer, H. R.

  Hammond, E. Cuyler

  Hammond/Horn study

  Hand rolling cigarettes

  Hardy, David

  Harper’s Weekly (magazine)

  Harris, Jeffrey

  Harris, Oren

  Harrison, Marguerite E.

  Hartnett, Timothy “T.V.,”

  Harvard Law Review (journal)

  Hatch, Orrin

  Hayward, Walter B.

  Health and the Environment, Subcommittee on (House Energy and Commerce Committee)

  Health and smoking ; Disease and smoking ; Tobacco industry creating doubts about dangers . See also Cancer; Death and smoking; Emphysema; Heavy smoking, impact of; Lung cancer

  Heart disease

  Heavy smoking, impact of

  Heimann, Robert

  Heller, Joseph

  Helmar cigarettes

  Helms, Jesse

  Henley, Patricia

  Henningfield, Jack

  Herbert, Bob

  Hetsko, Cy

  Hewitt, Don

  Hickman, John B.

  Hill & Knowlton (PR firm) ; “Another Frank Statement to Smokers,” ; “Frank Statement to Cigarette Smokers, A,” ; Tobacco Industry Research Committee and

  Hill, A. Bradford

  Hill, George Washington

  Hill, John W.

  Hills, Carla

  Hilts, Philip

  Himsworth, Harold

  Hirayama, Takeshi

  HIV disease. See AIDS

  Hockett, Robert

  Hoffman, Frederick

  Hollings, Ernest F.

  Homburger, Freddy

  Hooks, Benjamin

  Horn, Daniel

  Horrigan, Edward

  Horton [Nathan] v. American Tobacco

  House Energy and Commerce Committee, Subcommittee on Health and the Environment

  House Government Operations Committee

  House Interstate Commerce Committee

  Hoyt, William T.

  Hueper, Wilhelm

  Humphrey, Hubert“Skip,”

  Hundley, James

  Hydronic acid

  Hygeia (magazine)

  Illinois

  “Impact boosting” of nicotine

  Imperial Tobacco

  Implied warranty

  INBIFO (laboratory)

  India

  Indiana

  Individualism and smoking

  Indoor Air Pollution Advisory Group

  Indoor air quality

  Industrial Technical Committee (TIRC)

  “Innocent victims,”

  Insider, The (movie)

  Int
eragency Committee on Smoking and Health

  Intergovernmental Negotiating Body (WHO)

  International Anti-Tobacco League

  International Cancer Congress

  International commerce in tobacco

  International Health Regulations (International Sanitary Regulations)

  International Sanitary Conference

  International treaty for tobacco control

  Involuntary smoking

  Iowa

  Ireland

  Italy

  Jacob, Ed

  Jacobson, Leon

  Jaffe, Jerome H.

  JAMA. See Journal of the American Medical Association

  James I (king)

  Japan

  Japan Tobacco

  Jeffreys, Anne

  Jennings, Peter

  Jersey Journal (newspaper)

  Joe Camel campaign

  Johns-Manville (company)

  Johnson, Lyndon B.

  Johnston, Donald

  Johnston, James W.

  Johnston, Myron

  Jones, Avery

  Jordan, J. Michael

  Journal of the American Medical Association

  “Just What the Doctor Ordered,”

  K Street. See Lobbying

  Kahn, Phyllis

  Kansas

  Kellogg, John Harvey

  Kennedy, Anthony M.

  Kennedy, John F.

  Kensler, Charles

  Kent cigarettes. See also P. Lorillard

  Kentucky

  Kessler, David

  Kessler, Gladys

  Kimball & Company. See William S. Kimball & Company

  Kimpton, Lawrence

  King, Lester

  Kinney Tobacco

  Kintner, Earl W.

  Kipnis, David

  Kirkland & Ellis

  Kirtley, Jane

  Kloepfer, William, Jr.

  Koch, Robert

  Kool cigarettes. See also R.J. Reynolds

  Koop. Everett . See also Report on Nicotine Addiction

  Korea

  Kraft Foods

  Kress. H.

  Kuevals, Russell H.

  L&M cigarettes. See also Liggett & Myers (Liggett Group)

  Labeling Act. See Federal Cigarette Labeling and Advertising Act of 1965

  Labeling cigarettes ; effectiveness of ; government efforts for ; and litigation

  Ladies Home Journal (magazine)

  Lambert, Samuel

  Lancet (journal)

  Lasher, Jennie

  Lasker, Albert

  Laws. See Legislation

  Lawsuits. See Litigation against the tobacco industry; Litigation by the tobacco industry

  LeBow, Bennett

  Legal and Monetary Affairs Subcommittee (House Government Operations Committee)

  Legislation ; by states . See also Bans; Global Settlement Agreement; individual laws, e.g., Federal Cigarette Labeling and Advertising Act of 1965; Master Settlement Agreement

  Lelyveld, Joseph

  LeMaistre, Charles

  Lennen, Philip W.

  Leo Burnett

  Lewis, John

  Lewis, Mike

  Lewis, Sinclair

  Liability litigation. See Litigation against the tobacco industry

  Libel suit against ABC News

  Liberty (magazine)

  Lieb, Clarence

  Life (magazine)

  Liggett & Myers (Liggett Group) ; denying risks of smoking; litigation against ; not signing the “Frank Statement,” ; settlements. See also Chesterfield cigarettes; L&M cigarettes

  “Light” cigarettes

  Lind, James

  Lippert, Barbara

  Literary Digest (magazine)

  Litigation against the tobacco industry; Assumption of risk as tobacco industry strategy ; class-action suits ; encouraged by FCTC; first judgment against tobacco companies ; growth of number of cases; impact on tobacco industry ; suit to recover Medicare/Medicaid costs . See also Global Settlement Agreement; individual cases; Tort law

  Litigation by the tobacco industry

  Little, Clarence Cook “C. C.,” ; asserting lack of evidence ; and Scientific Advisory Board

  Lobbying ; Tobacco Institute

  Loewy, Raymond

  Lombard, Herbert L.

  Long, Esmond

  Longevity and smoking

  Look Magazine

  Loosli, Clayton

  Lord & Thomas Agency

  Lord, Richard (Lord, Geller, Federico & Partners)

  Lorillard. See P. Lorillard

  Louisiana

  Low-carcinogen cigarettes

  Lowrey, Alfred H.

  Low-tar cigarettes

  Luce, Henry

  Lucky Strike cigarettes ; Camel campaign against; popularity of ; “Reach for a Lucky” campaign ; “They’re Toasted” campaign. See also American Tobacco Company

  Ludmerer, Kenneth

  Lung cancer ; doubts about relationship to smoking ; increase in ; scientific studies linking smoking to ; and secondhand smoke . See also Cancer

  “Lung Cancer and Smoking: What We Really Know” (Cameron)

  MacDonald, Dwight

  MacGregor, Clark

  Mackay, Judith

  Maddox, Roland

  Magnificent Seven (movie)

  Magnuson, Warren

  “Mainstream smoke,”

  Malaysia

  Mangini, Janet

  Market shares and MSA

  Marketing campaigns . See also Advertising campaigns; Promotions

  Marketing News (newspaper)

  Marlboro cigarettes ; Marlboro Country/ Marlboro Man campaign ; outside U.S. . See also Philip Morris (company)

  Marsden, Leo W.

  Martin, Claude

  Martin, John

  Martin, Judith

  Marvels cigarettes

  Maryland

  Massachusetts; Tobacco Control Program

  Master Settlement Agreement . See also Global Settlement Aagreement

  Matchbooks

  Mayo Clinic

  MBD. See Mongoven, Biscoe & Duchin

  McCain, John. See Global Settlement Agreement

  McCarthy, Colman

  McClellan, George Brinton, Jr.

  McComas, Parker

  McCullough, Clair R.

  McDonald’s ban on smoking

  McKinnon, Dan

  McReynolds, Jim

  Medicaid

  Medical Relations Division, R.J. Reynolds

  Medical Research Council (U.K.)

  Medicare

  Medicine and smoking . See also Doctors and smoking

  Meehan, Marty

  Mele, Paul

  Men and smoking

  Menthol cigarettes

  Mercy killing

  Merit cigarettes. See also Philip Morris (company)

  Merryman, Walker

  Meyner, Robert B.

  “Micronite” filter

  Mild, banning use of term

  Milholland, Vida

  Military and smoking

  Miller Brewing Company

  Millhiser, Ross R.

  Minnesota

  Minorities and smoking

  Mintz, Morton

  “Miss Manners,”

  Mississippi ; Mississippi Supreme Court

  “Mr. Butts,”

  Mitchell, George

  Moderation and smoking

  Mold, James

  Molins (company)

  Monday Night Football (TV show)

  Mongoven, Biscoe & Duchin

  Moore, Michael “Mike,”

  Moral considerations and smoking

  “More Doctors Smoke Camels” campaign

  Morgan, Edward

  Morgan, James

  Morris, Johnnie

  Morse, Arthur D.

  Moss, Frank E.

  Motherhood and smoking

  Motley, Ron

  Mott, John R.

  Movies, smoking in

  Mozingo, Roger
>
  MRC. See Medical Research Council (U.K.)

  MSA. See Master Settlement Agreement

  Mulcahey, Katie

  Müller, Franz Hermann

  Murad cigarettes

  Murai Brothers (firm)

  Murray, William

  Murrow, Edward R.

  Myers, Matthew “Matt,”

  N.W. Ayer (advertising firm)

  NAACP

  NAB. See National Association of Broadcasters

  Nader, Ralph

  NAFTA. See North American Free Trade Agreement

  National Academy of Sciences

  National Advisory Cancer Council

  National Anti-Cigarette League

  National Association of Broadcasters

  National brands. See Brands, national

  National Cancer Institute

  National Center for Tobacco-Free Kids. See Tobacco-Free Kids

  National Cigarette Service Committee

  National Confectioners Association

  National Conference of State Legislatures

  National Heart Institute

  National Institutes of Health

  National Research Council

  National Restaurant Association

  National Smokers’ Alliance

  National Society for the Legalization of Euthanasia

  National Tuberculosis Association

  National Urban League

  NBC

  NCI. See National Cancer Institute

  Neuberger, Maurine

  New England Journal of Medicine

  New Jersey Supreme Court

  New Life Pledge

  New Republic (magazine)

  “New smokers.” See Recruitment

  New York Daily News (newspaper)

  New York Journal-American (newspaper)

  New York Law Journal

  New York Times (newspaper) ; commentaries

  New York Tribune (newspaper)

  New York World (newspaper)

  New Yorker (magazine)

  Newport cigarettes . See also P. Lorillard

  Newsweek (magazine)

  Next cigarettes. See also Philip Morris (company)

  Nicorette chewing gum

  Nicotine ; addiction ; cigarettes as “drug delivery system,”; companies maintaining addictive levels ; companies manipulating levels ; dangers, companies hiding ; dangers of ; regulation of ; removing/reducing nicotine from cigarettes . See also Tars, tobacco

  “Nicotine as a Positive Reinforcer in Rats” (DeNoble and Mele)

  Nicotine Next (WCTU pamphlet)

  NKK (carcinogen)

  “No Smoking” signs

  Non Smokers Protective League

  Nonsmokers’ rights

  Non-Smokers Travel Club (GASP)

  Nonsmoking sections on airplanes

  Norr, Roy

  North American Free Trade Agreement

  North Carolina

  North Dakota

  Northrip, Robert E.

  Northwest Airlines

  Norway

  “Not a Cough in a Carload,”

  Novotny, Thomas

 

‹ Prev