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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Dr. Tatiana was born in Oliver Morton’s kitchen, with Oliver himself, Jonathan Rauch, Anthony Gottlieb, Brian Barry, and Peter David attending as midwives. Without their help, she would never have come into being. She made her debut in The Economist. Many thanks to Bill Emmott for permission to draw on that first column for this book.
An enormous number of people have contributed to this book, whether by answering queries, helping hunt down obscure scientific papers, catching errors, commenting on parts of the manuscript, or simply letting me talk their ears off as I wrestled with ideas and arguments. For help with particular subjects or organisms, I would like to thank Phil Agnew, Matz Berggren, Philippe Bouchet, Stuart Butchart, Bill Cade, Tracey Chapman, Adam Chippindale, Andrew Cockburn, Bryan Danforth, Anne-Katrin Eggert, David Funk, David Gems, Darryl Gwynne, Peter Henderson, René Hessling, Rolf Hoekstra, Laurence Hurst, David Mark Welch, Nico Michiels, Christine Nalepa, Steve Palumbi, Charlie Paxton, Scott Pitnick, Heather Proctor, Bill Rice, Scott Sakaluk, Janet Shellman, Steve Shuster, Leigh Simmons, Mike Siva-Jothy, Donald Steinkraus, Willie Swanson, David Tarpy, Scott Taylor, Ethan Temeles, Barbara Thorne, Fritz Vollrath, Dave Walter, Stuart West, Martin Wikelski, Kenneth Yeargan, and Larry Young. The staff of several libraries were extremely helpful; but special thanks to the staff in the entomology library of London’s Natural History Museum, who were tireless in helping me dig out information on obscure insects. Thanks, too, to Imperial College for the free run of their facilities. I am grateful to Ursula Mittwoch, who, in a letter responding to my column in The Economist, drew my attention to problems with Bateman’s principle and prompted me to inspect the subject more closely. Thomas Bataillon, Austin Burt, Isabelle Chuine, Elodie Gazave, Philippe Jarne, Nicholas Judson, Thomas Lenormand, Armand Leroi, Yannis Michalakis, Ben Normark, Michel Raymond, François Rousset, and Denis Roze were regular and stimulating sounding boards; their suggestions and good humor were indispensable.
Peter Barnes, Thomas Bataillon, Bruce Greig, Greg Hurst, Ben Normark, Andrew Pomiankowski, Michel Raymond, Mark Suzman, and Stuart West kindly agreed to be guinea pigs for an early draft of part one; Austin Burt, Barbara Mable, and Da
vid Mark Welch read a draft of the final chapter; Caroline Daniel, Thomas Lenormand, François Rousset, Anthony Shewell, and Mark Suzman read the entire manuscript. Many thanks to all of them for helpful comments and vigorous criticisms. Bill Hamilton was the first to alert me to the problem of the evolution of sex, and to the extraordinary variety of sexual practices out there in nature. This book grew out of the work that I did with him during my doctorate, and I am sorry that he did not live to meet Dr. Tatiana.
Many thanks to Georges Borchardt and DeAnna Heindel for helping make this project a reality. To Alison Samuel and Penny Hoare at Chatto, and to John Sterling and Sara Bershtel at Metropolitan, for whom waiting for Dr. Tatiana must have sometimes felt like waiting for Godot, I owe particular thanks for encouragement and patience throughout. Many thanks, too, to Penny Hoare, Roslyn Schloss, Shara Kay, and above all to Sara Bershtel and her colleague Riva Hocherman, for comments and suggestions that greatly improved the manuscript.
Dr. Tatiana was blessed with an array of agony uncles: I am forever indebted to Dan Haydon, Horace Judson, Gideon Lichfield, and Jonathan Swire, all of whom read and reread draft after draft of chapter after chapter, gave suggestions that showed me paths through difficult thickets, and helped me break through bouts of writer’s block, all the while providing boundless encouragement at all hours of the day and night.
I’ve been lucky to have had inspirational surroundings. I made most of the conceptual breakthroughs while staying at the Hotel de l’Orange, in Sommières, France. Philippe de Frémont and his family welcomed a stranger, and provided a tranquil and beautiful sanctuary (and incidentally, improved my French). Jonathan Swire generously lent me Mosewell, an idyllic setting for writing. Sir John and Lady Swire, and Barnaby and Camilla Swire pampered the hermit who’d landed in their midst and gave me enormous encouragement and enthusiasm (not to mention, offering fabulous distractions that tempted me away from Dr. Tatiana for a few hours here and there). To Philippe and to the Swires, I cannot adequately express my gratitude.
Finally, I must thank Horace, for always being encouraging; Nicholas, for always laughing, and for plundering distant libraries for obscure papers on my behalf; my late mother, who taught me to play practical jokes (though she would’ve pretended to find Dr. Tatiana shocking); Mark, who rashly suggested I write a book about sex in the first place and had the misfortune to bear the brunt of the consequences; and Jonathan, for everything.
INDEX
The index that appeared in the print version of this title does not match the pages of your eBook. Please use the search function on your eReading device to search for terms of interest. For your reference, the terms that appear in the print index are listed below.
For specific species see the notes section.
abalone
abortion
abstinence
accidents
aggression
dominance relationships mediated by
female phallus evolved for
monogamy and
alligators
altruistic behavior
amoebae
androecium (“small man room”)
androgens
see also testosterone
anhydrobiosis
ants
aphids
aphrodisiacs
armadillo
asexual reproduction
see also cloning
asexuality
benefits of
and extinction
success of
asexuals
ancient
evolutionarily short-lived
and harmful mutations
and parasites
see also clones
bacteria
Bateman, A. J.
Bateman’s principle
bats
battle of the sexes
experiments changing
and origin of species
outcomes of
bees
beetles
bestiality
big balls
bindin
birds
bison
blood drinking
bodyguards
bonellin
brothers, lekking with
bugs
butterflies and moths
Caenorbabditis elegans
see worms, round
Caesar, Julius
cannabalism
escape from
intrauterine
and origin of sex
platonic
sexual
on sighting a sexy female
cats (lions, cheetahs, etc.)
chastity belt
chemicals
in seminal fluid
Chesterfield, Lord
child care
evolution of
males help with
children
inbred
more and healthier produced by promiscuous females
murdered and eaten
of siblings
chloroplasts
ciliates
clitoris
copulating and giving birth through
enlarged
clones
vulnerability to disease
see also asexuals
cloning
see also asexual reproduction, asexuality
coalitions
cockroaches
comb jellies/ctenophores
competition
being judged in
females
see also sperm competition
concerted evolution
conflict between the sexes
genes for homosexuality in
see also battle of the sexes
convenience polyandry
copulation
cannibalism and
gifts and
in hermaphrodites
crabs(horseshoe)
crickets, katydids, and grasshoppers
crimes of passion
crocodiles
cultural pressures, and monogamy
cytoplasm
damselflies
Danger Theory of Monogamy
Darwin, Charles
death
in sex
deer
defense of territories
males helping females in
size and
deselection
dik-dik
diseases
genetic
infectious
recessive genes and
susceptibility to
dismemberment
dolphins
dominance relationships
mediated by aggression
dominant genes
Drosophilia, see flies, fruit
dueling
dugongs
eggs
female size and
fertilization
genetic basis of abiity to fertilize
sperm size and fertilization of
food for sex and
hermaphrodites
selecting sperm
stimulation to release
stolen
Egypt
elephants
environment
and hermaphroditism
and outbreeding depression
in sex determination
Escherichia coli
Escovopsis
evolution
of asexuality
in battle of the sexes
of child care
cloning and
of close incest
concerted
of countermeasures to cannibalism
of countermeasures to violence
of female promiscuity
of hermaphrodites
of males and females
of mechanisms to avoid inbreeding
of monogamy
mutation in
of ornaments
of penis
sex central to
of sexes
of sexu
al pleasure
extinction
abstinence leads to
asexuality and
F plasmid
female promiscuity
for food
genetic incompatibilities in
to get male help
hedge against sterility theory of
more and healthier children from
obfuscation theory of
in sex mania
sperm competition theory of
sperm shape and size and
female reproductive tract
blocking
hostile to sperm
females
attracted to groups
evolution of
factors limiting reproduction in
fighting
homosexuality
hostility toward other females
leks
males disguised as
males helping
man-eaters
and mate’s mistress(es)
phallus on
prefer to mate with virgins
preference for ornaments
promiscuity of
provoke fighting
rejecting sperm
resistance by
sex mania
shortage of
supposed chastity
ferret
fertilization
genetic basis of ability
internal
sperm attaching to egg in
see also eggs, fertilization; self-fertilization/selfing
fighting
to the death
among females
among males
among hermaphrodites
importance of size in
figs
fish
Fisher, Ronald
Fisher’s runaway process
flies
balloon
dance
flies (cont’d)
flesh
fruit
house
moth
parasitic
seaweed
stalk-eyed
yellow dung
see also midges
Dr. Tatiana's Sex Advice to All Creation Page 31