158. Healy in Saturday Evening Post, April 1974.
159. Whalen in New York Times Magazine, February 22, 1976.
Chapter Sixteen: Reagan vs. Ford, 1975–1976
1. Robert Walker, “Political Advising and Advocacy for Ronald Reagan, 1965–1980,” an oral history conducted 1982, 1983, Regional Oral History Office, University of California, Berkeley, 1985, p. 26. Courtesy, The Bancroft Library.
2. Nancy Reagan with Novak, My Turn, p. 178.
3. Author’s diary, September 17, 1999; Betsy Bloomingdale, to author, October 25, 1999.
4. Author’s diary, September 17, 1999; Betsy Bloomingdale, to author, March 15, 2004.
5. Author’s diary, September 17, 1999.
6. Hannaford, Ronald Reagan and His Ranch, p. 34; Cannon, Reagan, p. 195.
7. New York Times, January 6, 1975, “8 on the President’s Panel Span Wide Range of Belief.”
8. New York Times, January 7, 1975, “Brown, Stressing Change from Reagan Era, Sworn In As California Governor.”
Notes
5 6 1
9. Nofziger, Nofziger, p. 154.
10. Skinner, Anderson, and Anderson, eds., Reagan, in His Own Hand, p. xiv; Hannaford, Ronald Reagan and His Ranch, pp. 34–36.
11. Cannon, Reagan, p. 196.
12. Kotkin, Grabowicz, and Stein in Esquire, August 1980, p. 34.
13. Cannon, Governor Reagan, p. 399. See also New York Times, February 26, 1976,
“Reagan Puts His Net Worth at $1,455,571.” Reagan’s declared income for 1975 was $282,253.
14. Skinner, Anderson, and Anderson, eds., Reagan, in His Own Hand, p. xv; Cannon, Governor Reagan, p. 399.
15. Skinner, Anderson, and Anderson, eds., Reagan, in His Own Hand, p. xv.
16. Hannaford, Ronald Reagan and His Ranch, p. 38.
17. Ronald Reagan, An American Life, p. 194.
18. Hannaford, Ronald Reagan and His Ranch, p. 30.
19. Sacramento Union, December 15, 1974, “Nancy Reagan Looks Back on 8
Years”; New York Times, October 6, 1980, “Reagan More than a Millionaire but Extent of Wealth Is Hidden.”
20. Hannaford, Ronald Reagan and His Ranch, pp. 38–40.
21. C. Z. Wick, to author, October 19, 1999.
22. Ronald Reagan, An American Life, p. 195.
23. Maureen Reagan, First Father, First Daughter, p. 99.
24. Michael Reagan with Hyams, On the Outside Looking In, p. 138.
25. Ibid., p. 124.
26. P. Davis, The Way I See It, p. 152.
27. Ibid., p. 146.
28. Marion Jorgensen, to author, October 6, 1999.
29. P. Davis, The Way I See It, pp. 147–48.
30. Nancy Reagan with Novak, My Turn, p. 171.
31. Kelley, Nancy Reagan, p. 210.
32. Nancy Reagan, to author, January 4, 2004, June 4, 2000.
33. P. Davis, The Way I See It, p. 150; Collins in Vanity Fair, June 1991.
34. P. Davis, The Way I See It, pp. 139–40, 150.
35. Maureen Reagan, First Father, First Daughter, p. 227.
36. Nancy Reagan with Novak, My Turn, p. 181.
37. Nancy Reagan, I Love You, Ronnie, pp. 125–26.
38. Deaver with Herskowitz, Behind the Scenes, p. 64.
39. Witcover, Marathon, pp. 65–66.
40. Ibid., p. 66.
41. New York Times, August 2, 1976, “Bold Reagan Tactician: John Patrick Sears 3d.”
42. Nofziger, Nofziger, p. 165.
43. Nancy Reagan with Novak, My Turn, p. 180.
44. New York Times, September 15, 1974, “Mercy Was Satisfied, but the Constitution Requires Justice.”
45. New York Times, December 18, 1974, “Reagan’s G.O.P. Financial Backers, in Move Interpreted as Signal to Ford, Give Luncheon for Bentsen.”
46. Witcover, Marathon, p. 68.
5 6 2
Notes
47. New York Times, February 17, 1975, “Study of 3d Party for ’76 Approved by Conservatives.”
48. New York Times, March 9, 1975, “Reagan Rejects Ford Plea to G.O.P. to Broaden Base.”
49. Kelley, Nancy Reagan, p. 218.
50. Ibid.
51. Ronald Reagan, An American Life, p. 204.
52. Author’s diary, August 1998.
53. Ronald and Nancy Reagan’s personal papers, held at the Ronald Reagan Presidential Library, box 84, Associated Press wire, February 20, 1975, attached to correspondence between Walter Annenberg and Margaret Thatcher arranging the meeting of Thatcher and Ronald Reagan in London.
54. Witcover, Marathon, p. 70.
55. New York Times, June 2, 1975, “2 G.O.P. Leaders Score Ford Policy.”
56. Witcover, Marathon, p. 51.
57. Laxalt, Nevada’s Paul Laxalt, pp. 288–89.
58. New York Times, July 16, 1975, “Six Form a 1976 Group for Reagan.”
59. The “Kitchen Cabinet” oral history, Henry Salvatori, OH 1674, pp. 35–36.
60. From the personal papers of Marion Jorgensen, guest list and menu for cocktail party honoring Governor Reagan, June 8, 1976.
61. Stuart Spencer, to author, November 5, 1997.
62. Boller Jr., Presidential Wives, p. 425; New York Times, April 12, 1976, “Wives in
’76 Campaign Find the Going Difficult.”
63. Boller Jr., Presidential Wives, pp. 425–26.
64. Ibid, pp. 426, 417.
65. Kelley, Nancy Reagan, p. 219.
66. New York Times, April 12, 1976, “Wives in ’76 Campaign Find the Going Difficult.”
67. Barry Diller, to author, October 16, 1999.
68. New York Times, November 4, 1975, “Reagan Shocked at Schlesinger Ouster.”
69. The “Kitchen Cabinet” oral history, Holmes Tuttle, OH 1675, pp. 147–48.
70. New York Times, November 21, 1975, “Reagan Enters Campaign, Seeks a Curb on Spending.”
71. Hannaford, Ronald Reagan and His Ranch, p. 58.
72. Nancy Reagan with Novak, My Turn, p. 183.
73. New York Times, December 12, 1975, “Reagan Tops Ford as Gallup Finds a Sharp Reversal”; New York Times, June 16, 1976, “Reagan Fund Raising Exceeds Ford’s as the Convention Nears.”
74. New York Times, January 6, 1976, “Reagan Opens Campaign for New Hampshire Vote”; New York Times, January 7, 1976, “Ford’s Best Ally: Reagan.”
75. New York Times, February 15, 1976, “ ‘Welfare Queen’ Becomes Issue in Reagan Campaign”; New York Times, January 7, 1976, “Reagan Defends His Plan to Cut Budget”; New York Times, January 11, 1976, “G.O.P. Seems Evenly Split Over Ford-Reagan Contest”; New York Times, January 14, 1976, “Reagan Disavows $90 Billion Figure.”
76. New York Times, February 20, 1976, “Ford Intensifies Attack on Reagan”; New York Times, February 14, 1976, “President Terms Reagan Too Conservative to Win.”
Notes
5 6 3
77. New York Times, February 26, 1976, “Reagan Claiming Victory; Some Aides Disappointed.”
78. Laxalt, Nevada’s Paul Laxalt, p. 291.
79. New York Times, February 27, 1976, “Reagan’s Predicted Margin of Victory in Florida Revised Downward by Manager”; New York Times, March 10, 1976,
“Ford Defeats Reagan in Florida; Carter Is Winner Over Wallace in Democratic Vote, Jackson 3d”; New York Times, February 29, 1976, “Reagan Sharpens His Criticism of Ford, Citing Canal Talks and Two in Cabinet.”
80. New York Times, March 5, 1976, “Reagan, in Direct Attack, Assails Ford on Defense.”
81. Judis, William F. Buckley, Jr. , pp. 387–88.
82. New York Times, March 10, 1976, “Ford’s Aides Send Signal to Reagan”; New York Times, March 10, 1976, “Reagan Voices ‘Delight’ on Florida Vote.”
83. New York Times, March 17, 1976, “Ford Decisively Defeats Reagan in Illinois Voting; Carter Is a Solid Winner.”
84. New York Times, February 28, 1976, “11 Former Chiefs of G.O.P. Endorse Ford over Reagan.”
85. New York Times, Mar
ch 19, 1976, “Reagan Suggests Ford Quit the Race.”
86. Laxalt, Nevada’s Paul Laxalt, pp. 291–92; Nofziger, Nofziger, p. 179.
87. New York Times, March 29, 1976, “Reagan’s Upset Victory in North Carolina Attributed to Impact of Last-Minute TV Speech.”
88. Witcover, Marathon, p. 421; Kelley, Nancy Reagan, p. 237; Nofziger, Nofziger, p. 191.
89. Richard Davis, to author, April 25, 2002.
90. Witcover, Marathon, p. 431.
91. Nancy Reagan with Novak, My Turn, p. 191.
92. New York Times, July 18, 1976, “Democratic Slate Assailed by Ford; G.O.P.
Unity Urged”; Laxalt, Nevada’s Paul Laxalt, p. 295.
93. Nancy Reagan with Novak, My Turn, pp. 191–92.
94. New York Times, July 12, 1976, “Sinatra Wed in Palm Springs; Reagan, Agnew Among Guests.”
95. Nofziger, Nofziger, p. 196.
96. Witcover, Marathon, p. 460.
97. Kelley, Nancy Reagan, p. 239.
98. Witcover, Marathon, p. 461.
99. Ibid., p. 463.
100. Nancy Reagan with Novak, My Turn, p.192.
101. Judis, William F. Buckley, Jr. , p. 389.
102. Wall Street Journal, July 27, 2000, “When a Convention Mattered.”
103. Chicago Tribune, August 25, 1976, “Behind Every President . . .”
104. Wall Street Journal, July 27, 2000, “When a Convention Mattered.”
105. New York Times, August 16, 1976, “Kansas City Dazzles the Chic.”
106. New York Times, August 18, 1976, “New York Delegates Shut Out Both Sides’
Celebrities.”
107. New York Times, August 17, 1976, “Convention Erupts with Arrival of Candidates’ Wives.”
108. New York Times, August 18, 1976, “Ford Gains Edge over Reagan; Baker or Ruckelshaus Listed as Likely Choice for No. 2 Spot.”
5 6 4
Notes
109. Nancy Reagan with Novak, My Turn, p. 193; New York Times, August 18, 1976, “Betty Ford Bests Nancy Reagan on Applause Scale.”
110. Nancy Reagan with Novak, My Turn, p. 193.
111. Nofziger, Nofziger, pp. 203–4.
112. Nancy Reagan with Novak, My Turn, p. 195
113. Nofziger, Nofziger, p. 204.
114. Von Damm, At Reagan’s Side, p. 83.
115. Colacello in Vanity Fair, July 1998, p. 140.
116. Witcover, Marathon, p. 503.
117. Nofziger, Nofziger, pp. 202–3.
118. Ronald Reagan, An American Life, p. 202.
119. New York Times, August 19, 1976, “Ford Takes Nomination on First Ballot; Reveals Vice-Presidential Choice Today.”
120. Colacello in Vanity Fair, July 1998, p. 140.
121. The “Kitchen Cabinet” oral history, Justin Dart, OH 1676, pp. 44–45.
122. The “Kitchen Cabinet” oral history, Holmes Tuttle, OH 1675, p. 146.
123. The “Kitchen Cabinet” oral history, Ed Mills, OH 1677, p. 93.
124. New York Times, August 20, 1976, “Reagan, on Dais, Spurs Party On.”
125. Deaver with Herskowitz, Behind the Scenes, p. 72.
126. Witcover, Marathon, p. 509.
127. Deaver with Herskowitz, Behind the Scenes, p. 72.
128. New York Times, August 22, 1976, “A Few Good Words About Reagan.”
129. Author’s diary, September 24, 1999.
Chapter Seventeen: Reagan vs. Carter, 1977–1980
1. Nofziger, Nofziger, p. 221.
2. Tuchman, The March of Folly, p. 49.
3. New York Times, September 9, 1976, “Aides Say Reagan Will Campaign for Ford if He Gets Assignments.”
4. New York Times, October 11, 1976, “Reagan Ads for G.O.P. Set for Television.”
5. New York Times, October 30, 1976, “Reagan Shuns Role in Ford’s Campaign.”
6. New York Times, September 27, 1976, “Dole Succeeds in Meeting Reagan to Display G.O.P. Unity on Coast.”
7. New York Times, October 28, 1976, “Reagan Bars Aiding Ford in 3 Key States.”
8. Nofziger, Nofziger, p. 208.
9. Nancy Reagan with Novak, My Turn, pp. 201–2.
10. Nofziger, Nofziger, pp. 206–7.
11. New York Times, November 3, 1976, “Reagan Will Not Bar Another Try in 1980.”
12. New York Times, November 5, 1976, “Reagan Hints at Active Role in Shaping G.O.P. Future.”
13. Nofziger, Nofziger, p. 214.
14. Ibid., p. 215.
15. Deaver with Herskowitz, Behind the Scenes, p. 75.
16. Nancy Reagan, I Love You, Ronnie, p. 128.
17. Ronald Reagan, An American Life, p. 203.
Notes
5 6 5
18. Colacello in Vanity Fair, July 1998, p. 140.
19. Marion Jorgensen, to author, November 4, 1997, March 1, 2004.
20. New York Times, September 9, 1976, “Aides Say Reagan Will Campaign for Ford if He Gets Assignments.”
21. Deaver with Herskowitz, Behind the Scenes, pp. 74–75.
22. Nancy Reagan, I Love You, Ronnie, p. 129.
23. Nancy Reagan with Novak, My Turn, p. 102.
24. Hannaford, Ronald Reagan and His Ranch, p. 45.
25. P. Davis, The Way I See It, p. 154.
26. Ibid., p. 161.
27. Buckley Jr., Overdrive, p. 95.
28. Warhol and Colacello in Interview, November 1980, p. 30.
29. New York Times, November 9, 1980, “Word from Friends: A New White House Style Is on the Way.”
30. Nancy Reagan, to author, February 13, 2004.
31. David Jones, to author, March 12, 2000.
32. Connie Wald, to author, November 7, 1997.
33. New York Times, December 13, 1977, “Metropolitan Celebrates Fashion’s Past, Present.”
34. New York Times, September 29, 1976, “A Social Figure Is Fined $5,000 for Not Declaring $3,800 Dresses.”
35. Anderson, Revolution, p. 166.
36. Ibid., p. 146.
37. Arthur Laffer, to author, April 4, 2000.
38. Anderson, Revolution, p. 151.
39. Arthur Laffer, to author, April 4, 2000.
40. Ibid.
41. Ibid.
42. Nofziger, Nofziger, p. 221.
43. Ronald and Nancy Reagan’s personal papers, held at the Ronald Reagan Presidential Library, box 85 and box 450.
44. New York Times, August 16, 1979, “Reagan Got $72,840 in 18 Months for His Talks to G.O.P. Groups.”
45. Nofziger, Nofziger, p. 222.
46. Nancy Reagan, to author, March 13, 2004.
47. New York Times, May 14, 1978, “Gallup Poll Says Carter Would Triumph over Ford or Reagan for Presidency.”
48. New York Times, January 11, 1979, “Poll Shows Ford Trailing Reagan in a 1980
Race.”
49. New York Times, March 8, 1979, “Backers of Reagan Open His Campaign.”
50. Nofziger, Nofziger, p. 234.
51. Ibid., pp. 223–24.
52. Kelley, Nancy Reagan, pp. 249–50.
53. Lyn Nofziger, to author, April 19, 2000.
54. Deaver with Herskowitz, Behind the Scenes, p. 85.
55. Charles Wick and Mary Jane Wick, to author, November 3, 1997.
56. Ibid.
57. Clymer in New York Times Magazine, July 29, 1979.
5 6 6
Notes
58. Ibid.; New York Times, January 23, 1979, “Reagan Backers Decide to Meet Issue of Age Early and Head On.”
59. Deaver with Herskowitz, Behind the Scenes, p. 75; Clymer in New York Times Magazine, July 29, 1979.
60. Evans and Novak, The Reagan Revolution, p. 74.
61. Nofziger, Nofziger, pp. 235–36.
62. Charles Wick, to author, October 14, 1999.
63. Mary Jane Wick, to author, October 14, 1999.
64. Charles Wick and Mary Jane Wick, to author, October 14, 1999.
65. New York Times, November 14, 1979, “Reagan Entering Presidency Race, Calls for North Ame
rican ‘Accord’ ”; New York Times, November 14, 1979, “The 1980 Model Reagan: Strident Campaign Tone Is Gone.”
66. Cannon, Governor Reagan, pp. 453–54.
67. Arthur Laffer, to author, April 4, 2000.
68. Deaver with Herskowitz, Behind the Scenes, p. 87.
69. New York Times, December 4, 1979, “Shifts on Reagan Staff Strengthen Role of Campaign Chief.”
70. Nancy Reynolds, to author, April 2, 2003.
71. New York Times, December 4, 1979, “Shifts on Reagan Staff Strengthen Role of Campaign Chief.”
72. Martin Anderson, to author, March 27, 2000.
73. New York Times, January 27, 1980, “As Reagan Goes, So Goes John P. Sears 3d.”
74. Anderson, Revolution, pp. 289–90.
75. Nancy Reagan, to author, October 27, 1997.
76. Ronald and Nancy Reagan’s personal papers, held at the Ronald Reagan Presidential Library, box 507, handwritten notes on Executive Advisory Committee, note dated December 5, 1979, on the subject “Morgan Mason.”
77. Arthur Laffer, to author, April 4, 2000.
78. Ronald and Nancy Reagan’s personal papers, held at the Ronald Reagan Presidential Library, box 507, notes dated February 5, 1980, under heading “Purpose and Function.”; ibid., page entitled “Consultants & Advisers.”
79. Ronald and Nancy Reagan’s personal papers, held at the Ronald Reagan Presidential Library, box 507, dated February 5, 1980, notes under heading “Com-position and Leadership”; ibid., page entitled “Exec. Adv. Comm., 2pm.”
80. Ronald and Nancy Reagan’s personal papers, held at the Ronald Reagan Presidential Library, box 503, memorandum from Ed Meese to William E. Simon on “Reagan for President” stationery, dated 14 January 1980, subject: Executive Advisory Committee.
81. Colacello in Vanity Fair, July 1998; Anderson, Revolution, p. 328.
82. White, America in Search of Itself, p. 249; Anderson, Revolution, p. 328; Persico, Casey, p. 175.
83. Ronald and Nancy Reagan’s personal papers, held at the Ronald Reagan Presidential Library, box 507, letter from William J. Casey to Ronald Reagan, dated February 1, 1980.
84. New York Times, January 23, 1980, “Reagan to Reconsider His Decision Not to Debate with G.O.P. Rivals.”
Notes
5 6 7
85. New York Times, January 27, 1980, “As Reagan Goes, So Goes John P. Sears 3d.”
86. Weymouth in New York Times Magazine, October 26, 1980.
87. William Clark, to author, March 14, 2000.
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