sunshine policy (South Korea), 630, 637, 646–647, 649, 675
Supreme People’s Assembly, 62, 322, 436, 551, 661
surveillance
of military, 494
by police, 155, 262–269, 291–297, 310, 377, 433
by Three Revolutions teams, 274–275
Tae-an work system, 122
Taedong River, 13
Tanaka, Makiko, 685
tax, 6, 106
Team Spirit exercises, 139, 446, 457, 486, 488–489, 490–491
technocrats, 155, 474
technology
imports of, 155, 347
pirating of, 157
telephones, 212, 662
terrorism, 343, 499, 535
television
sets, 162, 165, 345–346, 359, 360, 383, 395, 438, 449, 616
South Korean broadcasts, 395
textiles, 480
reed-and-wood-pulp-based, 102
vinalon, 156, 177, 363, 500
Third World, as diplomatic focus, 7, 125, 137, 363–364
third world war (global war), 85
feared during Pueblo incident, 129
seen as opportunity for forced unification, 98
38th parallel, 50, 69, 79
Three Revolutions, 157, 272
teams, 154, 273–275, 472, 475, 588
tourism, 338–339, 348–349, 466, 473, 633, 660
emphasis, over manufacturing, 640–641
gambling, 640
service, hospitality quality, 475
tractor plant, Kumsong, 157–160, 272
trade, external
with communist countries, 96–97, 468
expansion sought, 182
and juche, 177
with South Korea, 480
traders, trading companies, 312, 314, 447, 458–459, 447, 458, 573, 579–591, 600–601, 616. See also entrepreneurs, moneyed class
transportation
aviation, 476
public, urban, 177
ports, shipping, 182, 442, 468, 469–471, 479
railways, 185, 469, 470, 476
conductors’ high status, 620–621
road, 164, 471, 479, 560, 564
travel, international
difficulty adjusting after (reverse culture shock), 584
rarity of, 6
troop withdrawal, foreign (1958), 114
Truman, Harry S.
emergency proclaimed by, 84
MacArthur fired by, 85–86
nuclearization of war discussed by, 85
press conference by, Jan. 5, 1950, 64
reelection not sought due to low support, 86, 88
Soviet expansionism exaggerated by, 73–74
trusteeship plan, 54–56, 60
Tumen River, 18, 466, 469–470
tunnel(s), 85
connecting Kim Jong-il’s office and home, 687–688
escape, for Great Leader, 494
housing missile launchers, 563
infiltration, 139, 520
replica of downtown Seoul in, for spy training, 539
“subterranean society,” 665
See also underground factories
underground factories, 85, 564–565
unification
as post–Korean War goal, 97, 100
“by end of 1990s,” revised deadline, 516
“by 1995,” Kim Jong-il deadline, 488, 516, 545
confederation proposal, 140, 146–149, 339, 506
economic problems as distraction from, 136
German case as model, warning, 478–479, 486
liquidation of Southerners following, 487
southward rush of homeless job-seekers,
Seoul’s fear, 683
unitary idea, 168, 658
United Nations
election supervision by, 61, 116
entry by North and South Korea, 339, 473
Korean War resolution, 74
UN Command, post–Korean War, 99
operational control over South Korean forces by, 113
World Food Program, 553, 555–557, 678
United States
Korean relations with, nineteenth-century, 13
Korean relations with, 1900–1945, 15
intervention decision by, 73–74
1970s diplomacy, 136–153
1980s diplomacy, 368–370
1990s diplomacy, 439–443, 446, 453, 456, 635
policy prior to Korean War, 64–68
role in division of Korea, 7, 54–55
role in liberation of Korea, 7, 109
security guarantee, non-aggression pact, 455, 497, 660
2000s diplomacy, 659–660, 671–682
“hawk engagement,” 674–677
uranium, 438, 441, 565
U.S. Army, in Korean War
Chinese units compared, 83
First Cavalry Division, 80, 82, 83
Twenty-fourth Division, 74–84 passim
Nineteenth Infantry Regiment, 75–84 passim
racial integration of, 78
Third Battalion, 80
U.S. forces in Korea
Carter withdrawal proposals (1976–79), 138–153
Guam Doctrine withdrawal (1971–72), 137
massive retaliation policy, 113
1949 withdrawal, as inspiration for invasion, 114–115
operational control, 113, 115
as tripwire, 113, 115
unification and, 683
U.S. Navy. See Pueblo incident
U.S.–South Korean mutual security treaty, 97, 99
Vessey, Gen. John W., 150
Vietnam
and Pueblo incident, 131–132
reform model, 667
mandated in U.S. Senate bill, 677
support for communist side, 125, 127
Vietnam syndrome, 134, 135, 138
visitors, foreign
actors, posing as ordinary citizens to deal with, 2, 143, 556
control and surveillance of, 156–157, 160
techniques for circumventing, 178–179, 556
restrictions eased, for food aid delivery, 555
scripted contacts with, 421, 431, 556, 577
Vladivostok
as atomic target, 99
war fever (1990s), 391, 433–434, 486–488, 491–495, 513–516, 534, 584
Wilson, Woodrow, 15
Wolfowitz, Paul, 672
women, 305–316
in anti-Japanese movement, 41–43
child care for working, 117, 166, 179
equality of, 56, 59, 117, 188, 200, 629
maternity leave, 5
widows, 201
in workforce, 158
Won Eung-hui (spy who discovered 1992 coup plot), 549
Woodward, Maj. Gen. Gilbert H., 130–131
Woo In-hee (movie actress), 318
Workers’ Party, 60
elite vs. mass party, dispute over, 94
military commission, 289, 471, 483–484
officials blamed for wartime “mistakes,” 94
Party Center, Glorious (Kim Jong-il), 270–271, 278, 287
Room 39 (foreign exchange acquisition), 276, 580, 583
surveillance, control of officials, 281–283, 372–373
World Festival of Youth and Students, 295, 310, 342–344, 347, 366, 416, 432, 447, 459, 521, 585, 605–606
xenophobia, 108, 113
Xiaowangqing (Manchuria), battle of, 39, 108
yangban, 190, 240
Yang Hyong-sop (politburo member), 189
Yalta conference, 40
Yenan faction, 106–107, 588
Yi Bong-yol (KPA general; rumored coup plot leader), 546
Yi Hyo-seun (coup plot leader), 548
Yi Yong-mu, Gen. (KPA political chief), 275, 277, 278–280
Yon Hyon-muk (prime minister), 395, 525
Yoo Song-il (banished KPA colonel; defector), 533–535, 568–571
Yu Song-chol, Lt. Gen. (Soviet Korean)
on Chinese
intervention, 82
on Eighty-eighth Brigade members, 49, 51–52
invasion planning by, 69, 71, 490
on Kim Il-sung’s alleged frontline role, 76
on Kim Il-sung’s love life, 188
on Kim Yong-ju, 193
as KPA operations bureau commander, 71, 72
on North’s military buildup, 62, 69
on North’s retreat, 78–79
purge of, 109–111
on purges of others, 94–96, 107
on Stalin-Kim spring 1950 meeting, 67
on U.S. carpet-bombing, 77
on U.S. intervention warnings, 75
Zhou Baozhong, 48
Zhou Enlai, 81–82, 88, 114
Table of Contents
Preface
1. To the City of the God-King
2. Fighters and Psalmists
3. On Long Marches Through Blizzards
4. Heaven and Earth the Wise Leader Tamed
5. Iron-Willed Brilliant Commander
6. With the Leader Who Unfolded Paradise
7. When He Hugged Us Still Damp from the Sea
8. Flowers of His Great Love Are Blooming
9. He Gave Us Water and Sent Us Machines
10. Let’s Spread the Pollen of Love
11. Yura
12. Growing Pains
13. Take the Lead in World Conjuring
14. Eyes and Ears
15. From Generation to Generation
16. Our Earthly Paradise Free from Oppression
17. Two Women
18. Dazzling Ray of Guidance317
19. A Story to Tell to the Nations
20. Wherever You Go in My Homeland
21. If Your Brain Is Properly Oiled
22. Logging In and Logging Out
23. Do You Remember That Time?
24. Pickled Plum in a Lunch Box
25. I Die, You Die
26. Yen for the Motherland
27. Winds of Temptation May Blow
28. Sea of Fire
29. Without You There Is No Country
30. We Will Become Bullets and Bombs
31. Neither Land nor People at Peace
32. In a Ruined Country
33. Even the Traitors Who Live in Luxury
34. Though Alive, Worse Than Gutter Dogs
35. Sun of the Twenty-First Century
36. Fear and Loathing
37. Sing of Our Leader’s Favors for Thousands of Years
Acknowledgments
Notes
Index
Under the Loving Care of the Fatherly Leader: North Korea and the Kim Dynasty Page 132