Global Crisis

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Global Crisis Page 160

by Parker, Geoffrey


  La Rochelle (i)

  Rocroi (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)

  Rohault, Jacques (i)

  Romance of the Three Kingdoms (novel) (i), (ii) n 13, (iii) n 53

  Romania (i), (ii), (iii)

  Rome (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi), (xvii), (xviii), (xix), (xx), (xxi), (xxii)

  Rosa of Lima, Saint (i), (ii), (iii)

  Ross, Dennis (i)

  Rotterdam (i), (ii)

  Roussillon (i), (ii)

  Le Roy Ladurie, Emanuel (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

  Royal Society of London (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v) n 1, Plate 28

  Rubens, Peter Paul (i)

  Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor (i)

  Ruidarenes (i), (ii)

  Rump Parliament (i), (ii), (iii)

  Rushworth, John (i), (ii), (iii), Plate 13

  Russell, Conrad (i), (ii)

  Russia (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi), (xvii), (xviii), (xix), (xx), (xxi), (xxii), (xxiii), (xxiv), (xxv), (xxvi), (xxvii), (xxviii), (xxix), (xxx), (xxxi), (xxxii), (xxxiii), (xxxiv), (xxxv), (xxxvi), (xxxvii), (xxxviii), (xxxix), (xl), (xli), (xlii), (xliii), (xliv), (xlv), (xlvi), (xlvii), (xlviii), (xlix), (l), (li), (lii), (liii), (liv), (lv), (lvi), (lvii), (lviii), (lix), Fig. 19, (lx) n 8

  Rycaut, Paul (i), (ii), (iii), (iv) n 27

  Ryukyu islands (i)

  Sachsen-Gotha (i)

  Saddam, Hussein (i)

  Safed (i), (ii), (iii)

  Safi, Shah of Iran (i), (ii)

  Sahara (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)

  Sahel (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)

  St Andrews University (i), (ii)

  St Keverne's (i)

  St Lawrence, river (i), (ii), (iii)

  Saintes (i)

  Saints (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)

  Salamanca (i), (ii)

  Salang Pass (i)

  Salces (i), (ii)

  Salisbury, Neal (i)

  La Salle, Chevalier de (i)

  Salt tax (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), Plate 10

  Salvador (i), (ii), (iii)

  Salvius, Johan Adler (i), (ii), (iii)

  Salzburg (i)

  Samarkand (i)

  Samurai (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x)

  San Lúcar de Barrameda (i)

  San Miguel de Tucumán (i)

  Sanderson, William (i)

  Sandrart, Joachim von (i)

  Sanfilippo (i)

  Sankin kōtai (i), (ii), (iii)

  Sansom, Oliver (i), (ii)

  Santa Coloma, Dalmau de Queralt, count of (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v) n 22

  Santa Coloma de Farners (i), (ii)

  Santa Fé la Vieja, Argentina (i), (ii)

  Santiago de Chile (i), (ii), (iii) n 29

  Santiago de Compostella (i)

  Santorini (i), (ii) n 41

  São Jorge da Minha (i)

  Sarkozy, Nicholas (i)

  Sault Sainte Marie (i)

  Savoy (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

  Saxe-Weimar, Bernard of (i),

  Saxony (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)

  Scandinavia (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii)

  Scheer, Griet Piet (i)

  Schilling, Heinz (i)

  Schools (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi), (xvii), (xviii)

  Schottel, Justus Georg (i)

  Schumacher, Peder (i)

  Schumpeter, Joseph (i), (ii) n 8

  Schütz, Heinrich (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

  Schwartz, Stuart (i), (ii)

  Scientific Revolution (i), (ii), (iii), Plates 27, 28, Figs 54, 55

  Scotland (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi), (xvii), (xviii), (xix), (xx), (xxi), (xxii), (xxiii), (xxiv), (xxv), (xxvi), (xxvii), (xxviii), (xxix), (xxx), (xxxi), (xxxii), (xxxiii), (xxxiv), (xxxv), (xxxvi), (xxxvii), (xxxviii), (xxxix), (xl), (xli), (xlii), (xliii), (xliv), (xlv), (xlvi), (xlvii), (xlviii), (xlix), (l), (li), (lii), (liii), (liv), Fig. 5

  Scott, David (i)

  Scott, James C. (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)

  Scudéry, Madeleine de (i)

  Segadors (reapers) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii)

  Segovia (i), (ii)

  Séguier, Pierre (i), (ii), (iii), (iv) n 20

  Seine (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)

  Sejanus, Lucius Aelius (i), (ii) n 66

  Sejm (federal Diet of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

  Semedo, Alvaro (i), (ii), (iii) n 59

  Sen, Amartya (i), (ii) n 3

  Senegal (i), (ii), (iii)

  Senegambia (i), (ii), (iii)

  Sennar (i)

  Serfs (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi) n 15, (vii) nn 43–4, (viii) n 90, see also Servants, Slaves

  Serrès (i), (ii)

  Serua (i)

  Servants (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi), (xvii), (xviii), (xix), (xx), (xxi), (xxii), (xxiii), (xxiv), (xxv), (xxvi), (xxvii), (xxviii), (xxix), (xxx), (xxxi), (xxxii), (xxxiii), (xxxiv), (xxxv), (xxxvi), (xxxvii), (xxxviii), see also Serfs, Slaves

  Sévigné, Marie de Rabutin-Chantal, marquise de (i), (ii), (iii)

  Sévigné, Renaud de (i)

  Seville (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi), (xvii), Fig. 42

  Sexby, Edward (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v) n 32

  Shanxi (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x)

  Shaanxi (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii)

  Shah Jahan, Mughal emperor (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii) n 72

  Shahjahanabad (later Delhi) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

  Shakespeare, William (i), (ii)

  Shandong (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi), (xvii) n 72

  Shanghai (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi), (xvii)

  Sharpe, Kevin (i)

  Shengjing (i)

  Shenyang (Mukden) (i)

  Shi Kefa (i), (ii)

  Shikoku (i)

  Shimabara (i), (ii), (iii)

  ‘Ship Money’ (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi) n 39

  Shivaji (i), (ii) n 2

  ‘Short Parliament’ (i), (ii)

  Shunzhi, Emperor of China (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii)

  Sibao (i)

  Sibbald, Sir Robert (i), (ii)

  Siberia (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi)

  Sichuan (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii)

  Sicily (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi), (xvii), (xviii), (xix), (xx), (xxi), (xxii), (xxiii), (xxiv), (xxv), (xxvi)

  Sieges (i), (ii), (iii)

  Sigismund III Vasa, king of Poland and Sweden (i), (ii)

  Sikhs (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

  Silesia (i), (ii)

  Silk (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi), (xvii), (xviii), (xix), (xx), (xxi), (xxii)

  Silver, see Currency

  Simbirsk Lane (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), Fig. 19

  Sinaloa (i)

  Singer, Robert (i)

  Sinop (i)

  Skippon, Philip (i), (ii), (iii)

  Slaves (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi), (xvii), (xviii), (xix), (xx), (xxi), (xxii), (xxiii), (xxiv), (xxv), (xxvi), (xxvii), (xxviii), (xxix), (xxx), (xxxi), (xxxii), (xxxiii), (xxxiv), (xxxv), (xxxvi), (xxxvii), (
xxxviii), (xxxix), (xl), (xli), (xlii) n 102, (xliii) nn 5, (xliv), Fig. 46, see also Serfs, Servants

  Slovenia (i)

  Slovik, Paul (i)

  Smallpox (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi), (xvii), (xviii), (xix), (xx), (xxi), (xxii), (xxiii), (xxiv), (xxv) n 53, see also Disease

  Smith, Thomas C. (i)

  Smithfield (i)

  Smolensk (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)

  Smout, Adriaan (i), (ii) n 27

  Smyrna, see Izmir

  Snow, see Little Ice Age

  Soares, Diogo (i)

  Sodomy (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii) n 20

  Sofala (i)

  Sofia Romanov (i)

  Soissons, Louis de Bourbon, count of (i)

  Soldiers (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi), (xvii), (xviii), (xix), (xx), (xxi), (xxii), (xxiii), (xxiv), (xxv), (xxvi), (xxvii), (xxviii), (xxix), (xxx), (xxxi), (xxxii), (xxxiii), (xxxiv), (xxxv), (xxxvi), (xxxvii), (xxxviii), (xxxix), (xl), (xli), (xlii), (xliii), (xliv), (xlv), (xlvi), (xlvii), (xlviii), (xlix), (l), (li), (lii), (liii), (liv), (lv), (lvi), (lvii), (lviii), (lix), (lx), (lxi), (lxii), (lxiii), (lxiv), (lxv), (lxvi), (lxvii), (lxviii), (lxix), (lxx), (lxxi), (lxxii), (lxxiii), (lxxiv), (lxxv), (lxxvi), (lxxvii), (lxxviii), (lxxix), (lxxx), (lxxxi), (lxxxii), (lxxxiii), (lxxxiv), (lxxxv), (lxxxvi), (lxxxvii), (lxxxviii), (lxxxix), (xc), (xci), (xcii), (xciii), (xciv), (xcv), (xcvi), (xcvii), (xcviii), (xcix), (c), (CI), (CII), (CIII), (CIV), (CV), (CVI), (CVII), (CVIII), (CIX) n 77, (CX) n 14, (CXI) n 10, see also Janissaries, Samurai, Wars

  Soll, Jacob (i)

  Solothurn (i)

  Sombaopu (i)

  Song, Chinese Imperial Dynasty (i), (ii)

  Songs, see Music

  Sonora (i)

  Sorbière, Samuel (i), (ii)

  Sorokin, Pitirim (i)

  South China Sea (i)

  Spain (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi), (xvii), (xviii), (xix), (xx), (xxi), (xxii), (xxiii), (xxiv), (xxv), (xxvi), (xxvii), (xxviii), (xxix), (xxx), (xxxi), (xxxii), (xxxiii), (xxxiv), (xxxv), (xxxvi), (xxxvii), (xxxviii), (xxxix), (xl), (xli), (xlii), (xliii), (xliv), (xlv), (xlvi), (xlvii), (xlviii), (xlix), (l), (li), (lii), (liii), (liv), (lv), (lvi), (lvii), (lviii), (lix), (lx), (lxi), (lxii), (lxiii), (lxiv), (lxv), (lxvi), (lxvii), (lxviii), (lxix), (lxx), (lxxi), (lxxii), (lxxiii), (lxxiv), (lxxv), (lxxvi), (lxxvii), (lxxviii), (lxxix), (lxxx), (lxxxi), (lxxxii), (lxxxiii), (lxxxiv), (lxxxv), (lxxxvi), (lxxxvii), Plates 6, 10, 11, 12, Figs 10, 29

  Spices (i), (ii) n 38

  Spinoza, Baruch (i), (ii), (iii)

  Spitsbergen (i), (ii)

  Sprat, Thomas (i)

  Sri Lanka (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

  Stansel, Valentin (i)

  Star Chamber, Court of (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

  Starvation, see Famine

  States-General (Dutch Republic) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii)

  States-General (France) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

  States-General (Naples) (i)

  Steensgaard, Niels (i), (ii)

  Stephens, Anthony (i)

  Steuart, Adam (i)

  Stockholm (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

  Storer, Arthur (i)

  Stradivari, Antonio (i), (ii)

  Strafford, Thomas Wentworth, earl of (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), Plate 15

  Stralsund (i), (ii)

  Stránský, Pavel (i), (ii)

  Strasbourg (i), (ii)

  Street lighting (i)

  Strozzi, Tommaso (i)

  Struve, Lynn (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)

  Strypa (i)

  ‘Stunting’, see Height

  Styria (i), (ii)

  Suárez, Margarita (i)

  Subtelny, Orest (i) n 7

  Sudan (i), (ii)

  Sudd (i)

  Suffolk (i)

  Sugar (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii)

  Suicide (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi), (xvii), (xviii), (xix), (xx), (xxi), (xxii), (xxiii), (xxiv), (xxv), (xxvi), (xxvii) nn 5, 6, 8, 16, Plate 5

  Sulawesi (i)

  Sully, Maximilien de Béthune duke of (i), (ii), (iii) n 54

  Sumptuary Laws (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), see also Dress

  Sunspots (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi) nn 36, 38, Plate 1, Fig. 2

  Superior, lake (i)

  Surat (i), (ii)

  Suzhou (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii)

  Suzuki Shōsan (i), (ii)

  Swabia (i)

  Sweden (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi), (xvii), (xviii), (xix), (xx), (xxi), (xxii), (xxiii), (xxiv), (xxv), (xxvi), (xxvii), (xxviii), (xxix), (xxx), (xxxi), (xxxii), (xxxiii), (xxxiv), (xxxv), (xxxvi), (xxxvii), (xxxviii), (xxxix), (xl), (xli), (xlii), (xliii), (xliv), (xlv), (xlvi), (xlvii), (xlviii), (xlix), (l) n 50, (li) n 14

  Swiss Confederation (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi)

  Syria (i), (ii), (iii), Fig. 21

  Sysyn, Frank (i)

  Tabor, Robert (i)

  Taille (i), (ii), (iii)

  Taiwan (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix)

  Taj Mahal (i), (ii)

  Talanda (i)

  Talon, Omer (i)

  Tamarit, Francesc de (i), (ii)

  Tamerlane (i)

  Tang, Chinese imperial dynasty (i)

  Tang Xianzu (i)

  Tangier (i)

  Tanistry (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

  Tarabotti, Elena Cassandra (i)

  Tarragona (i), (ii), (iii)

  Tasmania, (i), (ii)

  Tawney, Richard (i)

  Taxation, taxes (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi), (xvii), (xviii), (xix), (xx), (xxi), (xxii), (xxiii), (xxiv), (xxv), (xxvi), (xxvii), (xxviii), (xxix), (xxx), (xxxi), (xxxii), Plates 10, 11, Figs 21, 31

  Tea (i), (ii)

  Tecumseh (i)

  Tegh Bahadur (i)

  Teixeira Saldanha, Bento de (i)

  Teleki, Mihail

  Tell, William (i), (ii)

  Temperature (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi), (xvii), (xviii), (xix), (xx), (xxi), (xxii), (xxiii), (xxiv), (xxv) n 14, (xxvi) nn 63, (xxvii), Plate 28, Figs 2, 18, 19, 34, 51

  Tenedos (i), (ii)

  Testament, Old and New, see Bible

  Testi, Fulvio (i)

  Thames, river (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii)

  Thames River Barrier, (i)

  Theatre (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii) n 23, (viii) n 29

  Theibault, John (i)

  Theologians (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi), (xvii) n 43, (xviii) n 12, (xix) n 76

  Thessalonica (i)

  Thiele, Peter (i), (ii), (iii)

  Thionville (i)

  Thirty Years War (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv) n 65, Plates 2, 9, 22, 23

  Thomas, Sir Keith (i)

  Thornton, John (i)

  ‘Thorough’ (in Ireland) (i)

  Three Feudatories Revolt (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)

  Tiacang (i)

  Tianjin (i)

  Tianqi, emperor of China (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)

  Tigris, river (i), (ii)

  Tilly, Johann Tserclaes, count of (i)

  Timbuktu (i)

  Tinglin Yao (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii)

  Tipperary (i)

  Tisza, river (i)


  Toba, Mount (i)

  Tobacco (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi), (xvii), (xviii), (xix), (xx), (xxi), (xxii), Plate 22

  Tōhoku (i)

  Tokugawa Hidetada, shogun (i), (ii), (iii) n 22

  Tokugawa Iemitsu, shogun (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix) nn 22, 28, (x) n 31, (xi) nn 45, 49

  Tokugawa Ieyasu, shogun (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v) n 31, (vi) n 49

  Tokyo (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv) n 50, Plates 4, 20

  Tomsk (i), (ii)

  La Torre, count of (i)

  Tortosa (i), (ii)

  Totman, Conrad (i), (ii)

  Toyotomi Hideyoshi (i)

  Trade (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), Fig. 42

  Trakhaniotov, Peter (i), (ii)

  Transylvania (i), (ii), (iii)

  Trapani (i)

  Trevor-Roper, Hugh (i), (ii), (iii)

  Trier (i)

  Trivulzio, Teodoro (i)

  Trosten, Hannes (i)

  Trotsky, Leon (i)

  Troyes (i)

  Tryon, Thomas (i), (ii)

  Tsaritsyn (i)

  Tunisia (i)

  Turenne, vicomté of (i), (ii) n 46

  Turfvolster, Alit (i)

  Turkey (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)

  Turquet de Mayerne, Theodore (i)

  Tuscaloosa (i)

  Tuscany, Ferdinand, Grand Duke of (i), (ii), (iii)

  Tutini, Camillo (i), (ii) n 17

  Tweed, river (i), (ii), (iii)

  Tyler, Wat (i)

  Tyne, river (i)

  Tyneside (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

  Typhoid (i)

  Tyrone, county (i), (ii)

  Uceda, Cristóbal Gómez de Sandoval y Rojas duke of, (i)

  Uganda (i)

  Ukraine (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi), (xvii), (xviii), (xix), (xx), (xxi), (xxii), (xxiii), (xxiv), (xxv), (xxvi), (xxvii), (xxviii), (xxix), (xxx) n 5, (xxxi) n 73

  Ulm (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)

  Ulozhenie (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi) n 40

  Ulster (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi)

  Unfree Labour, see Serfs, Servants, Slaves

  Uniate church (i), (ii), (iii)

  ‘Union of Arms’ (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)

  United Nations (i)

  United States of America (i), (ii)

  Universities (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), Fig. 49

  Unteregg (i)

  Uppsala University (i)

  Urals (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

  Utrecht (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)

  Uzbeks (i), (ii)

  Valdivia (i)

  Valence (i)

 

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