Petit Parisien, Le, 63, 173
Petrograd
1905 Bloody Sunday; Revolution, 40, 51, 55, 124, 270
1910 Buchanan becomes British ambassador, 5
1913 Romanov Tercentenary, 16
1914 outbreak of First World War; departure of Central Powers diplomats, 2, 3, 5, 7, 8; arrival of US expatriates, 9
1916 opening of Anglo-Russian Hospital, 33; Francis becomes US ambassador, 8–11; food shortages begin, 16–19, 20, 21; strike on Vyborg Side, 21–2, 43; arrival of Fleurot, 27; assassination of Rasputin, 20, 33, 37, 96, 201; Buchanan visits Tsar at Tsarskoe Selo, 22
1917 New Year diplomatic reception at Catherine Palace, 38–40; accommodation shortage after torpedo warning, 30, 40; Allied conference; strikes commemorating Bloody Sunday, 40–3; food shortages worsen; wave of strikes, 43–5; Putilov lock-out; February Revolution begins, 46–7; Women’s Day protests; bread-riots, 49–60, 188; Putilov strike begins, 62–3; looting begins, 63; troops and faraony ordered to clear crowds, 64–5; Cossacks side with protesters, 65–6; looting of Pekar’s patisserie, 66–7; Tsar informed of disturbances, 69; Khabalov institutes draconian measures to control city, 71; violence near Anichkov Bridge, 73–4; massacre at Znamensky Square, 75–6; Pavlovsky Regiment mutiny, 78; party at Princess Radziwill’s palace, 79–80; Duma prorogued, 80–1; Red Monday mutinies and violence, 83, 85–105; Tsar announces plans to return, 100; Duma forms Provisional Executive Committee; orders arrest of Council of Ministers, 101; formation of Petrograd Soviet, 101; Baltic fleet mutiny at Kronstadt, 140, 207; violence at Hotel Astoria, 109–16; killing of Stackelberg, 117–18; surrender of Arsenal, 122; Duma and Soviet negotiate at Tauride Palace; arrests of tsarist ministers, 122–8; militia formed to keep peace, 130; abdication of Tsar, 59, 135–7; Provisional Government formed, 137–9; destruction of imperial insignia begins, 140–2; newspapers reappear, 143; trams reappear, 145; Allies recognise Provisional Government; diplomats received at Mariinsky Palace, 149–51; funeral for casualties of revolution, 153–9, 171, 225, 226; political amnesty; return of émigrés, 160; return of Lenin, 161–6; British Labour Party representatives make visit, 168; Albert Thomas makes visit, 168; protest at US embassy, 169–71; return of Salvation Army, 267; May Day demonstrations, 171–4; Milyukov’s Note; protests erupt, 174–7; Paléologue recalled to Paris, 177–8; Milyukov and Guchkov resign, 179–80; return of Trotsky, 165; formation of Coalition Provisional Government, 180; arrival of Henderson, 178–9; Soviet takes control of Kronstadt, 207; formation of Petrograd Women’s Death Battalion, 194–7; arrival of Pankhurst, 183, 187–90, 191; arrival of Root Mission, 190–1, 204; Pankhurst meets with Bochkareva, 197–8; Bochkareva promoted to ensign, 198; Women’s Death Battalion leaves for front, 199–201; Pankhurst attends British Russian Luncheon Club; visits Tsarskoe Selo, 201–2; All Russian Congress of Soviets, 206; anti-war protests, 206, 209; Thompson visits Kronstadt; advised to leave Petrograd by Lenin, 207–8; Root Mission leaves for Finland, 206; resignation of Kadet ministers, 209; Bolsheviks incite protests, 209–14; Bolshevik Kronstadters enter city; July Days violence, 215–24, 228, 239, 244, 245; Provisional Government reveals Lenin’s German funding, 222; Kornilov takes control of army; quells mutinies, 224; Trotsky arrested; Lenin flees city, 224; funeral for Cossacks killed in July Days, 225–7; Pankhurst meets with Kerensky, 227–8; closure of British Colony Hospital, 327; arrival of US Red Cross mission, 232–6; Tsar sent to Siberia, 232; Maugham arrives on SIS mission, 251–2; Kornilov challenges Kerensky; moves troops on city, 240–4; Kornilov arrested; Trotsky released from prison, 244; Kerensky declares republic, 244; arrival of Reed and Bryant, 253–4, 257–62; Democratic Congress, 262–6, 270; Trotsky elected chair of Soviet, 270; Maugham meets with Kerensky, 272–3; Lenin returns to city, 275; Bolsheviks vote for armed uprising, 275–6; October Revolution begins, 11, 188, 254, 279–82; Bolshevik newspapers banned, Provisional Government issues arrest warrant for Trotsky, 282; guard raised to protect Provisional Government at Winter Palace, 282–3; Petrograd garrison mutiny, 285; Bolsheviks set up base at Smolny, 284; Aurora anchors beside Winter Palace, 286; Kerensky flees city; Lenin announces Bolshevik takeover, 286–7; Bolsheviks capture Winter Palace, 288–90, 292; Lenin announces new government, 294–5; Committee for Salvation cadets clash with Bolsheviks, 296–9; Lenin announces defeat of Provisional Government, 300; Lenin issues Decree on Land, 305, 308; Duma dissolved, 305; establishment of Che-Ka, 305–6; Constituent Assembly begins, 306; Trotsky announces armistice with Germany, 309; looting of imperial wine cellars, 310–13; Bolsheviks take control of foreign banks, 317–19
1918 closure of Anglo-Russian Hospital, 327; Red Guards British raid embassy; diplomats arrested, 325; diplomats evacuated to Vologda, 325–6
Petrograd garrison, 50, 139, 175, 209–10, 222, 224, 285
Petrograd Side, Petrograd, 47, 50, 52, 53, 54, 70, 98, 102, 103, 104, 107, 145, 158, 172, 211, 220, 279, 280, 292, 298
Petrograd Soviet, 101, 105, 122, 125–8, 137–9, 145, 153, 163, 169, 171, 174–7, 178, 180, 207–8, 219, 227, 230, 239, 240, 241, 242, 243, 244, 270, 271, 281, 282, 284–9
Petrograd Women’s Battalion, 278, 282, 292, 293–4
Petrograd, The City of Trouble (Meriel Buchanan), 325
Philosophical Letters (Chaadaev), 47
photography, 13, 29, 46, 52, 57, 73, 86, 88, 173, 198, 208, 222–3, 231, 233, 329, 332–3
Pickford, Jack, 261
Pitirim (Pavel Vasilievich Oknov), Metropolitan of Petrograd, 126
Plekhanov, Georgiy, 201–2, 228
Podolia, 44
poker, 11, 14, 302, 326
Pokrovsky Hospital, Vasilievsky Island, 8
Pokrovsky, Nikolay, 84, 107–8
police, 22, 43, 45–6, 48–50, 52–5, 57–8, 60, 61–2, 66–71, 73–6, 78, 88–90, 92, 96–9, 120–1, 123, 127, 156, 157
Pollock, James, 158
Polotsk Infantry, 193
Poole, De Whitt Clinton, 243
Poole, Ernest, 212, 214, 225, 227, 250
Potemkin, Grigory, 100
Pravda, 157, 163
Preobrazhensky Regiment, 81, 85–6, 91
Price, Morgan Philips, 172
Prince Igor (Borodin), 261
prisons, 92–3, 103, 116, 130
‘property is theft’, 308
prostitution, 18, 180
Protopopov, Alexander, 22, 45, 47, 69, 85, 126–7
Provisional Government, 137–9, 149–51, 153, 159, 162, 163, 169, 174–6, 179–80, 187, 191, 192, 206, 209, 216, 222, 237–45, 262–6, 271, 275, 278, 281–3, 286–7, 289, 295–6, 299–300
Pskov, 103, 133, 135, 286, 315
Pulliam, Annie, 300, 309
Putilov munitions works, Petrograd, 46–7, 62, 146
R
Rabochi put, 282
racism, 14
Radziwill, Princess Catherine, 47, 79, 80
Ransome, Arthur, 29, 52, 54, 70, 76, 120, 143, 145, 164, 182, 208, 223, 230–1, 263, 264, 330
rape, 268, 292
Rasputin, Grigory, 18, 19–20, 23, 33, 37, 96, 126, 201
Razliv, Petrograd, 224
Rebirth of Russia, The (Marcosson), 181, 329
Red Cross, 10, 32, 34, 35, 71, 75, 97, 104, 191, 196–7, 220, 226, 232–6, 245, 265, 292, 299, 302, 308, 315, 327
Red Guards, 241, 244, 286, 287, 289, 293, 294, 296–9, 302, 310–13, 325
Red Heart of Russia, The (Beatty), 330
Red Monday, 83, 85–105
Reds, 331
Reed, John, 253–4, 257–60, 262, 268, 272, 273, 276, 283, 284, 287, 288, 294, 297–8, 316, 330, 331
refugees, 1, 23, 31–2, 34
Reilly, Sidney, 69
Reinke, Arthur, 66, 70, 90–1, 157, 268–9
Republican Party (US), 191
Resurrection (Leo Tolstoy), 28
Revelstoke, Lord, see Baring, John
Rhys Williams, Albert, 254, 259, 262, 276, 283, 284, 287, 288, 290, 294, 295, 296, 297, 316, 330
Riga, Latvia, 238, 240, 270, 282
de Robien, Louis, 55, 69, 89, 164, 177, 214, 215, 218–19, 226, 238, 247, 248, 266, 293, 299, 300, 304–5, 306–7, 313
Robins, Elizabeth, 237
Robins, Margaret, 237, 308
Robins, Raymond, 237–8, 242, 265–6, 308–9
Rodzianko, Mikhail, 80–1, 99–101, 125, 135, 138, 194, 198
Rogers, Leighton, 17, 21, 59, 61–2, 63, 82, 112, 117–18, 121, 123, 128, 156, 171, 173–4, 190–1, 205, 216–17, 218, 219, 221, 240, 257, 258, 260, 262, 267, 271–2, 273–5, 277, 278, 279–81, 302, 306, 308, 311, 312, 314, 315, 316, 317, 319, 322–3, 333–4
Rolls-Royce, 211
Romania, 31, 109, 176, 322
Romanov Tercentenary (1913), 16
Rome, Italy, 324
Roosevelt, Theodore, 9, 137, 191
Root Mission, 190–1, 204, 205, 206
Root, Elihu, 190–1
Rusalka (Dvorřák), 238
Russell Square, London, 187
Russia in Revolution (Stinton Jones), 181
Russia Relief Association, 328
Russian Air Service, 56, 103
Russian Army, 4, 15, 16, 19, 32, 43, 45, 47, 69, 85, 88, 90, 98, 102, 117, 122, 127–8, 135, 139–40, 147, 151, 180, 183, 193–201, 224, 230, 238–40, 244
conscription, 15, 16
Finnish Regiment, 175
Izmailovsky Regiment, 102
Keksgolmsky Regiment, 91
Lithuanian Regiment, 85
Litovsky Regiment, 91
Machine Gun Regiment, 209
Moskovsky Regiment, 86, 175
Pavlovsky Regiment, 74, 78, 81, 85, 107, 210
Petrograd garrison, 50, 139, 175, 209–10, 222, 224, 285
Polotsk Infantry, 193
Preobrazhensky Regiment, 81, 85–6, 91
reservists, 45
Sapper Regiment, 91
Semenovsky Regiment, 56, 89–90, 96, 296
Stavka, 69, 80, 118, 135
Volynsky Regiment, 76, 81, 85–6, 90, 91
Women’s Death Battalion, 193–201, 202
Russian Foreign Office, 3, 7, 107, 240, 282
Russian language, 4, 6, 9, 10, 12, 13, 35, 50, 111, 151, 170–1, 176, 259, 268, 271, 278, 291, 317–18
Russian Navy, 140, 207–9, 215–17, 241, 242, 244, 286, 288, 294, 297, 299, 311
Russian Orthodox Church, 126, 145, 155, 158–9, 160, 166–7, 225–6, 322
Russian Social Democratic and Labour Party (RSDLP), 161, 201
Russian Women’s Mutual Philanthropic Society, 189
Russo-Japanese War (1904–5), 117, 196
Russo-Turkish War (1877–8), 117
Ruzsky, Nikolay, 135
S
Sadovaya, Petrograd, 50, 74, 78, 175
Saltykov family, 5
Salvation Army, 267, 327
Sampsonievksy, Petrograd, 86
San Francisco Bulletin, 191, 196
Sapper Regiment, 91
Sassnitz, Germany, 162
Saturday Evening Post, 330
Savonarola, Girolamo, 166
Savoy Hotel, London, 181
Sazonov, Sergey, 108
scarlatina, 31
Scotland, 2, 181, 189, 324, 326
scurvy, 236
Secret Intelligence Service (SIS), 190, 251
secret police, see Okhrana
Semenovsky Regiment, 56, 89–90, 96, 102, 296
Senate Square, Petrograd, 141
Sergey Alexandrovich, Grand Duke, 33
Sergievskaya, Petrograd, 219
Seymour, Dorothy, 34, 35, 36, 96–7, 121, 328
Shabanova, Anna, 189
Shaw, Dorothy, 246
Shcheglovitov, Ivan, 126
Shepherd, William G., 164–5, 200, 250
shock battalions, 194
Shpalernaya, Petrograd, 11, 87, 93, 123, 219
Shulgin, Vasily 135
Siberia, 28, 43, 47, 93, 160, 193, 232, 270, 328, 332
Sikes, Fred, 216–17, 218, 274, 275, 277, 279–80, 315, 333
Singer Building, Petrograd, 54, 66, 67, 68, 72, 108–9, 141, 175
Singer Sewing Machine Company, 8
Skobelev, Matvey, 180
Skrydlova, Mariya, 196
Sleeping Beauty (Tchaikovsky), 20
Smirnova, Elena Alexandrovna, 20
Smolny Institute, Petrograd, 11, 241, 270–1, 283–5, 286, 287, 288, 304
Smorgon, Belarus, 200
Smyth, Ethel, 198
Social Democratic Party of Germany, 49
Socialist Revolutionary Party, 45, 47, 51, 101, 104, 138, 161, 206, 209, 239, 288
Soldat, 282
Soldiers’ Market, 269
Source, La, 79
Soviet of Workers’ and Soldiers’ Deputies, 101, 105, 122, 125–8, 137–9, 145, 153, 163, 169, 171, 174–7, 178, 180, 207–8, 219, 227, 230, 239, 240, 241, 242, 243, 244, 270, 271, 281, 282, 284–9
Soviet Union (1922–91), 148, 157, 330, 331
sport, 4, 7, 204–5, 240
Springfield, Captain Osborn, 132
St Isaac’s Cathedral, Petrograd, 1, 37, 130, 166, 198, 225, 227, 321
St Isaac’s Square, Petrograd, 15–16, 109, 112, 115, 116
St Louis, Missouri, 8, 10, 12, 218, 326
Stackelberg, Count Gustave, 117–18
Stalin, Joseph, 331
State Bank, Petrograd, 286, 318, 319
State Department, US, 8, 131, 149
Stavka, 69, 80, 118, 135
Stebbing, Edward, 146, 246
Steffens, Lincoln, 165
Stevens Railroad Commission, 205
Stevens, John F., 168
Stevens, Robbie, 309
stikhiya, 116–17
Stinton Jones, James, 90, 94, 95, 112, 114, 120, 144, 181, 319–20
Stoker, Enid, 35–6
Stopford, (Albert) Bertie, 4, 68, 79, 156, 212, 213, 220, 221
strikes, 21–2, 40, 45, 49–60, 61–4, 135, 192, 227, 246, 251
Stroganovsky Bridge, Petrograd, 18
students, 54, 63, 73, 75, 90, 104, 114, 123, 130
Stürmer, Boris, 126
Style Moderne, 163
suffragettes, 182–3, 187–90, 191–3, 197–202, 227–8, 237, 249, 253
sugar, 17, 43, 44, 81, 120, 181, 190, 203, 217, 230
Summer Garden, Petrograd, 153–4, 158, 217
Suvorov Square, Petrograd, 210–11, 217, 220
Sweden, 9, 16, 27, 30, 162, 250, 257
Swinnerton, Chester, 82–3, 104, 107–8, 112, 117–18, 129, 133, 257, 277, 333
Switzerland, 5, 163, 168, 201, 251
T
Taft, William Howard, 9
Tarnopol, Ukraine, 230
Tartars, 162, 226
Tatiana Nikolaevna, Grand Duchess, 32, 33, 69
Tatiana Refugee Committee, 32
Tauride Palace, Petrograd, 11, 45, 80, 100, 123–8, 137, 149, 165, 211, 212, 223, 241, 284
Teatralnaya Ploshchad, Petrograd, 37
Telephone Committee, 148
Temps, Le, 28
Ten Days that Shook the World (Reed), 331
Tereshchenko, Mikhail, 282
theatres, 15, 20–1, 37, 40, 59, 62, 78–80, 93, 97, 142–3, 175, 252, 261, 262, 287, 291, 313
thievery, 9, 148–9, 268–9, 307–8; see also looting
Thomas, Albert, 168–9
Thompson, Donald, 29, 44, 46, 48, 50–3, 57–8, 60, 64–70, 72–4, 76, 77, 81, 86, 88, 94–5, 109, 110, 128, 137, 147, 157–8, 166, 171, 175, 182, 197, 198, 199, 207–8, 210, 211, 222–3, 225, 231, 233, 331–3
Thorne, Will, 168
Thornton, Nellie, 211
Thornton, Vera, 147
Thornton’s woollen mill, Petrograd, 2, 246
Through War to Revolution (Dosch-Fleurot), 329
Times, The, 29, 51, 55, 58, 112, 122, 192, 264
Tobolsk, Siberia, 231
Tokay, 310
Tomsk, Siberia, 193
Torgovaya, Petrograd, 195
Torneo, Finland, 27, 162, 250
torpedoes, 30
tovarishchi, 127, 146, 208, 254, 287, 296, 310
trams, 8, 19, 21, 50, 54, 55, 60, 62, 63, 64, 71, 73, 84, 89, 140, 145, 148, 171, 211, 214, 220, 248, 288, 291, 292
Trans-Siberian Railway, 30, 168, 231, 233, 302
Travis, Norton C., 233, 333
Treasury Notes, 61
Troitskaya, Petrograd, 254
Troitsky Bridge, Petrograd, 50, 53, 103–4, 145, 160, 210, 216, 221, 280
Trotsky, Leon, 165, 210, 224–5, 241, 252, 259, 265, 270–2, 276, 278, 282, 285, 294–5, 302–3, 309, 313, 331
Tsarskoe Selo, Petrograd, 22, 36, 38, 41, 122, 136, 201, 232–3, 296, 299
Tsereteli, Irakli, 180
tuberculosis (TB), 151, 202, 236
Tumanov family, 110–11, 113
Turkey, 62, 83, 91, 174, 176, 267, 316
typhus, 235–6, 331
U
U-boats, 246
Ukraine, 209, 230, 328
United States, United States embassy, 3–4, 8–14, 18, 22–3, 29–30, 38–9, 44, 58, 81–4, 86, 88–9, 102, 118, 128, 131, 139, 141, 143, 146, 149–50, 161–3, 167–8, 169–71, 174–5, 180, 190–1, 204–6, 208, 212, 216, 219–20, 227, 231, 233–4, 242, 244–5, 247, 253, 257–9, 266, 273–5, 283, 286, 301–4, 307–8, 310, 312–16, 322, 325–8, 334
1912 trade treaty broken off with Russia over anti-Semitism, 9
1916 Francis becomes ambassador to Russia, 8–11
1917 New Year diplomatic reception at Catherine Palace, 38–40; refuge offered to Countess Nostitz, 118; recognition of Russian Provisional Government, 149–50; declaration of war on Germany, 167, 174; protest at Petrograd embassy, 169–71; Root Mission to Russia, 190–1, 204; Red Cross mission arrives in Petrograd, 232–6; steamer commissioned to evacuate Petrograd expats, 245; arrival of Reeds in Petrograd, 253–4, 257–62; evacuation of nationals from Russia, 302; Christmas celebrations in Petrograd, 315–16
1918 diplomats evacuated to Vologda, 326
V
Varpasaari, Finland, 45
Vasilievsky Island, Petrograd, 2, 8, 33
Vecchi, Joseph, 16
Vendée, France, 137
Victoria, Queen, 35, 118, 321
vigilantes, 117, 148–9
Villa Rodé, Petrograd, 18
Villa, Pancho, 253
Vladimir, Grand Duchess, see Maria Pavlovna
Vladimirsky Military School, Petrograd, 298
Vladimirsky, Petrograd, 96, 97
Vladivostok, Russia, 190, 231, 233, 251, 315
vodka, 15, 17, 40, 113, 114, 252, 326
Caught in the Revolution Page 45