2 We are indebted to Count Schwerin v. Krosigk for some additional facts he recalled when reading the first impression of this book. On the evening of 1 May, at Himmler’s urgent request, the Count went to see him at his H.Q. between Plön and Eutin. Himmler had learned that next day Schwerin was to be appointed Foreign Secretary; and he earnestly tried to convince him that at no time was that office more important than just then. By joining the Western Allies they would have a splendid chance of expanding their eastern borders as far as the Urals; they had, in fact, never been so near to that most desirable aim of German foreign policy. Himmler seemed utterly unable to grasp realities; he was convinced that his own future as ‘the second man in the Dönitz administration’ was assured. ‘All I want’, he added, ‘is a brief chat with Montgomery and Eisenhower. It should be easy enough to convince them that I and my S.S. are an indispensable Ordnungsfaktor [guarantee of law and order] in the struggle against Bolshevism.’
Selected Book-List
This bibliography contains only those books which are of special interest for the study of Himmler; only those general histories of the Third Reich which are important in the understanding of Himmler are included. Of the published official records, we have drawn specially on The Trial of the Major War Criminals: Proceedings, Vols. I-XXIII; Documents in Evidence, Vols. XXIV-XLII (Nuremberg, 1947 — 9). The Proceedings were also published by H.M.S.O. in London in twenty-two volumes, and this is the edition quoted and referred to in this book. Translations into English of some of the documents used in evidence were published by the U.S. Government Printing Office under the title Nazi Conspiracy and Aggression in eight main volumes and two supplementary volumes. When quoting from the British edition of the Proceedings we use the abbreviation I.M.T.; when quoting from Nazi Conspiracy and Aggression, we abbreviate as N.C.A.
(i) HISTORICAL AND GENERAL STUDIES
BARTZ, KARL: Downfall of the German Secret Service. (London: Kimber, 1956.)
BAYLE, FRANÇOIS: Croix gammée ou caducée. (Freiburg, 1950.) — Psychologie et éthique du national-socialisme. (Paris, A 1953.)
COHEN, ELIE A.: Human Behaviour in the Concentration Camp. (New York: Norton, 1953.)
CRANKSHAW, EDWARD: The Gestapo, Instrument of Tyranny. (London: Putnam, 1956.)
CYPRIAN, T. and SAWICKI, J.: Nazi Rule in Poland 1939 — 45. (Warsaw: Polonia, 1961.)
DARRÉ, WALTHER: Neuadel aus Blut und Boden. (Munich:Eher Verlag, 1934.)
DATNER, S., GUMKOWSKI, J. and LESZCZYNSKI, K.: Genocide 1939—45. (Warsaw: Wydawnictwo Zachodnie, 1962.)
DULLES, ALLEN: Germany’s Underground. (New York: Macmillan, 1947.)
EISENBACH, A.: Operation Reinhard (Mass Extermination in Poland). (Poznan: 1962.)
Experimental Operations on Prisoners of Ravensbrück Concentration Camp. (Warsaw: 1960.)
FITZ GIBBON, CONSTANTINE: The Shirt of Nessus. (London: Cassell, 1956.)
German Crimes in Poland, Compiled by the Central Commission for Inter-Investigation of German Crimes in Poland. (Warsaw: 1946.)
KOGON, EUGEN: The Theory and Practice of Hell. (London, Secker and Warburg, 1951.)
MITSCHERLICH, A. and MIELKE, F.: Doctors of Infamy. (New York: 1949.)
— The Death Doctors. (London: Elek, 1962.)
PECHEL, RUDOLF: Deutscher Widerstand. (Zurich: Rentsch, 1947.)
POLONIA PUBLISHING HOUSE: Poland under Nazi Occupation. (Warsaw, 1961.)
— We Have Not Forgotten. (Warsaw, 1961.)
RECKTENWALD, JOHAN Woran hat Hitler Gelitten. (Munich: Reinhardt, 1903.)
REITLINGER, GERALD: The Final Solution. (London: Valentine Mitchell, 1953.)
— The S.S.; Alibi of a Nation 1922—1945. (London: Heinemann, 1956.)
RITTER, GERHARD: The German Resistance. (London: Allen and Unwin, 1958.)
— (Shortened version of original German edition, Karl Goerdeler und die Deutsche Widerstandsbewegung. (Bonn, 1954.)
SHIRER, WILLIAM L.: The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich. (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1960.)
SHULMAN, MILTON: Defeat in the West. (London: Secker and Warburg, 1949.)
SOSNOWSKI, K.: Tragedy of Children under Nazi Rule. (Warsaw: Zachodnia Agencja Prasowa, 1962.)
TAYLOR, A. J. P.: The Origins of the Second World War. (London: Hamish Hamilton, 1961.)
THORWALD, JÜRGEN: Es Begann an der Weichsel. (Stuttgart: Steingrüben Verlag, 1950.)
— Das Ende an der Elbe. (Stuttgart: Steingrüben Verlag, 1950.)
WHEELER-BENNETT, J. W.: The Nemesis of Power. (London: Macmillan, 1953.)
Note: The official account of Eichmann’s pre-trial interrogation has been published in six mimeographed volumes by the Police d’Israel, Quartier Générale, 6ième Bureau. (Jerusalem, 1963.)
(ii) MEMOIRS, DIARIES AND BIOGRAPHIES
BERNADOTTE, FULK: The Curtain Falls. (New York: Knopf, 1945.)
BEST, S. PAYNE: The Venlo Incident. (London: Hutchinson, 1950.)
The Bormann Letters. Edited by H. R. Trevor-Roper. (London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1954.)
BUTLER, EWAN: Amateur Agent. (London: Harrap, 1963.)
BULLOCK, ALAN: Hitler. (London: Odhams, 1952.) Revised 1964.
BESGEN, ACHIM: Der Stille Befehl. (Munich: Nymphenburger Verlagshlandlung, 1960.)
Ciano’s Diary, 1937-38. (London: Methuen, 1952.)
Ciano’s Diary, 1939-43. Edited by Malcolm Muggeridge. (London: Heinemann, 1947.)
DEGRELLE, LEON: Die Verlorene Legion. (Stuttgart: Veritas Verlag, 1955.)
DIELS, RUDOLF: Lucifer ante Portas. (Zurich: Interverlag, 1949.)
DÖNITZ, KARL: Zehn Jahre und Zwanzig Tage. (Bonn: Athenäum Verlag, 1958.)
DORNBERGER, WALTER: V.2. (London, 1953.)
Hans Franks Tagebuch. (Edited by Stanislaw Piotrowski.) (Warsaw: Polnischer Verlag der Wissenschaften, 1963.)
FRISCHAUER, WILLI. Himmler. (London: Odhams, 1953.)
GISEVIUS, H. B.: To the Bitter End. (London: Cape, 1948.)
GOEBBELS, JOSEPH: My Part in Germany’s Fight. (London: Paternoster Library, 1938.)
— The Goebbels Diaries. (London: Hamish Hamilton, 1948.)
— The Early Goebbels Diaries. Edited by Helmut Heiber. (London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1962.)
GUDERIAN, HEINZ: Panzer Leader. (London: Michael Joseph, 1952.)
HALDER, FRANZ: Kriegstagebuch. (Stuttgart: Kohlhammer, 1962.)
The von Hassell Diaries, 1938—44. (London: Hamish Hamilton, 1948.)
HEIDEN, KONRAD: Der Führer. (London: Gollancz, 1944.)
HENDERSON, SIR NEVILE: Failure of a Mission. (London: Hodder and Stoughton, 1940.)
HESSE, FRITZ: Hitler and the English. (London: Wingate, 1954.)
Hitler’s Table Talk. (London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1953.)
HOESS, RUDOLF: Commandant of Auschwitz. (London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1959.)
HÖTTL, WILHELM: The Secret Front. (London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1953.)
— Hitler’s Paper Weapon. (London: Hart-Davis, 1955.)
KERSTEN, FELIX: Totenkopf und Treue. (Hamburg, 1953.)
— The Kersten Memoirs. (London: Hutchinson, 1956.)
KESSEL, JOSEPH: The Man with the Miraculous Hands. (New York: Farrar, Straus and Cudhany, 1961.)
LÜDECKE, KURT G. W.: I Knew Hitler. (London: Jarrolds, 1938.)
MANVELL, ROGER and FRAENKEL, HEINRICH: Doctor Goebbels. (London: Heinemann, 1960.)
— Hermann Göring. (London: Heinemann, 1962.)
— The July Plot. (London: The Bodley Head, 1964.)
MASUR, NORBERT: En Jud talar med Himmler. (Stockholm: Hoffmann und Campe, 1946.)
MÖLLER, KURT DETLEV: Das Letzte Kapitel. (Hamburg, Hoffmann und Campe, 1947.)
OVEN, WILFRED VON: Mit Goebbels bis zum Ende. (Buenos Aires: Dürer Verlag, 1949-50.)
PAPEN, FRANZ VON: Memoirs. (London: André Deutsch, 1952.)
The Ribbentrop Memoirs. (London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1954.)
The Rosenberg Memoirs. (New York: Ziff Davis, 1949.)
&nbs
p; RUSSELL OF LIVERPOOL, LORD: The Trial of Adolf Eichmann. (London: Heinemann, 1962.)
The Schellenberg Memoirs. (London: André Deutsch, 1956.)
SCHMIDT, PAUL: Hitler’s Interpreter. (London: Heinemann, 1951.)
SEMMLER, RUDOLF: Goebbels, the Man Next to Hitler. (London: Westhouse, 1947.)
SHIRER, WILLIAM L.: Berlin Diary. (New York: Knopf, 1941.
— End of a Berlin Diary. (New York: Knopf, 1947.)
The Report of Jurgen Stroop: an account of the Warsaw Ghetto Rising. (Warsaw: Jewish Historical Institute, 1958.)
SKORZENY, OTTO: Geheimkommando Skorzeny. (Hamburg, 1950.)
TREVOR-ROPER, H. R.: The Last Days of Hitler. (London: Macmillan, 1947.)
WESTPHAL, SIEGFRIED: The German Army in the West. (London: Cassell, 1951.)
WIGHTON, CHARLES: Heydrich. (London: Odhams, 1962.)
WULF, JOSEF: Heinrich Himmler. (Berlin: Arani Verlag, 1960.)
Index
Abwehr
Action Groups (Einsatzgruppen)
Ahnenerbe (Ancestral Heritage)
Alexander, Gen. Sir Harold
d’Alquen, Gunther
Antonescu, Marshal Ion
Apollo Club (Munich)
Attolico, Bernardo
Austin, Sergeant-Major Edwin
Baarova, Lida
Bach-Zelewski, Erich von dem
Baretski, Stefan
Becher, Kurt
Beck, Gen. Ludwig
Berger, Gottlieb
Best, Karl Werner
Bethge, Pastor Eberhardt
Bernadotte, Count Folke
Blomberg, Gen. Werner von
Blum Léon
Bocchini, Police Chief
Bodenschatz, Gen. Karl von
Bohle, Ernst
Bonhoeffer, Pastor Dietrich
Bormann, Frau Herda
Bormann, Martin
Bose, Herbert von
Bouhler, Philip
Brack, Dr Viktor
Brand, Yoel
Brandt, Dr Karl
Brandt, Dr Rudolf (Himmler’s principal secretary).
Brauchitsch, Field-Marshal Walter von
Braun, Eva
Braun, Prof. von
Brunswick, Archbishop of
Burckhardt, Karl
Busch, Field-Marshal Ernst
Butler, Ewan
Canaris, Adm. Wilhelm
Carinhall (Göring’s residence)
Churchill, Odette
Ciano, Count Galeazzo
Concentration Camps; rival foundations (1933); Göring’s conception of; Himmler’s pre-war organization of; Himmler on prisoners in; Himmler’s attitude to; Himmler’s visits to; medical experiments in; wartime developments in, first phase; extermination of defective persons in; organization of slave labour in; instructions for executions in; looting from prisoners in; evacuation and liberation from; individual camps: Auschwitz; Bergen-Belsen; Birkenau; Buchenwald; Dachau; Flossenbürg; Gross-Rosen; Linz; Lublin; Natzweiler, Mauthausen; Oranienburg; Ravensbrück; Sachsenhausen; Treblinka
Concerzowo, Lydia and Bertha
Crinis, Prof. de
Daluege, Kurt
Darré, Walter
Das Schwarze Korps
Death’s Head Unit (later Division)
Degrelle, Léon
Diels, Rudolph
Dietrich, Sepp
Doctors’ Trial (Nuremberg 1946-7)
Doenitz, Grand Admiral Karl
Dollfuss, Engelbert
Dornberger, Maj.-Gen. Walter
Dulles, Allen
Eberstein, Freiherr von
Eden, Sir Anthony
Eichmann, Adolf
Eicke, Theodor
Einsatzgruppen (see Action Groups)
Eisenhower, Gen. Dwight D.
Epp, Ritter von
Ernst, Karl
Falkenhausen, Gen. von
Farben-Industrie
Fegelein, Hermann
Fellgiebel, Gen. Erich
‘Final Solution’, the, Chap. V passim
Fischer, Dr Fritz
Franco, Gen. Francisco
Frank, Hans
Frankfurt Trial 1964-5
Frederick the Great
Freisler, Roland
Frick, Wilhelm
Fritsch, Gen. Baron Werner von
Fromm, Gen. Friedrich
Gebhardt, Karl
Gestapo (principal refs.): origin; under Goring; taken over by Himmler; later power of; and the Fritsch case; under Heydrich
Giesler, Paul
Gisevius, Hans Bernd
Globocnik, Odilo
Glücks, Richard
Goebbels, Joseph
Goerdeler, Carl
Goring, Hermann
Greim, Ritter von
Groeber, Archbishop
Grothmann, SS Col. Werner
Guderian, Gen. Heinz
Günther, Christian
Gürtner, Franz
Hacha, Emile
Hajji Iman, Mufti
Halifax, Lord
Hallgarten, Wolfgang
Hanke, Karl
Hassell, Ulrich von
Hauser, Paul
Haushofer, Albrecht
Hedwig (also known as Häschen, Himmler’s mistress)
Heiden, Erhard
Heiliger, Max
Herff, SS. Gen. von
Heinrich, Prince of Bavaria
Heinrich I (Henry the Fowler)
Heinrici, Gen. Gotthard
Held, Heinrich
Helge (Himmler’s illegitimate son)
Helldorf, Count Wolf von
Henderson, Sir Nevile
Hess, Rudolf
Hewitt, Abram Stevens
Heydrich, Frau Lina
Heydrich, Reinhard, SS. Gen.: character; first meeting with Himmler (1931); early relationship with Himmler; appointed Chief of S.D.; work for SS.; builds up S.D. files; establishes S.D. in Berlin; appointed Himmler’s Deputy (1934); and Roehm purge; appointed SS. Lieut.-Gen.; and Kaltenbrunner; and concentration camps; relations with Canaris and Abwehr; and the Tuchachewski affair; and the Blomberg-Fritsch cases; and the Anschluss; and Eichmann; and persecution of Jews; visits Mussolini; gradual independence from Himmler; contempt for Himmler’s obsessions; Gisevius on; Schellenberg on; Kersten on; Himmler on; uses brothel Salon Kitty to obtain information; possibility of Jewish blood; flies with Luftwaffe; and first conception of genocide; suspicions of Kersten; prepares for Russian campaign; receives extermination order from Goring; relation to Eichmann; appointed SS. General and Acting Reich Protector in Czechoslovakia; relations with Bormann; voices Himmler’s views in speech to Czechs; at Wannsee conference on ‘final solution’; assassinated (May, 1942); compiles medical evidence on Himmler; encourages Horia Sima at the expense of Antonescu
Himmler, Anna (mother)
Himmler, Ernst (brother)
Himmler, Gebhard (father)
Himmler, Gebhard (brother)
Himmler, Gerhard (foster-son)
Himmler, Gudrun (daughter)
Himmler, Heinrich: character, Chap. vi passim; contribution to Nazi regime; childhood and schooling; youth in Munich; diary; character in early youth; attitude to first world war; officer-cadet (1917); studies agriculture in Munich; character as student — social life, attitude to girls and sex, selfcriticism, parsimony, precision, early anti-semitism; initial relationship with Roehm; takes part in Munich putsch (Nov. 1923); initial contact with Hitler; joins Nazi Party (August 1923); joins Völkische movement; on Strassers’ staff; early contact with Goebbels; Goebbels on Himmler (1926); joins SS. (1925); appointed Deputy Reich Propaganda Chief and Deputy Commander, SS.; marries (1928); buys smallholding Waltrudering; daughter Gudrun born (1929); appointed Reichsführer SS. (1929)
Initial plans for SS. — the élite corps; institutes SS. marriage code; made member of Reichstag (1930), development of racial obsessions and anti-semitism; claims peasant ancestry; employs Heydrich as principal assistant; relation with Goring after January 1933, appoint
ed President of Police in Munich (1933); founds Dachau as ‘model’ concentration camp; relations with Hoess; concept of camp discipline; developing powers of; assumes control of German police and Gestapo (1934—5).
Residences (1934); relations with wife and family; and Roehm purge; and SS. in Austria; and murder of Dollfuss; purges ranks of SS. (1934); insistence on sport; and concept of Teutonic knights; founds Wewelsburg as SS. retreat; and Henry the Fowler; and Catholic Church; founds Ahnenerbe; responsibility for principle of concentration camps; relations with other Nazi leaders during midthirties; relation with High Command; and Blomberg and Fritsch cases; addresses High Command on function of SS. (1934)(1940); founds Lebensborn movement; has two children by mistress Hedwig; on SS.; on pan-Germanic culture; and the occult; and the Anschluss; appointment of Eichmann as specialist in Jewish affairs; persecution and extermination of the Jews: in Austria; first conception of genocide; on duties of Security Police; on necessity for genocide; extermination of Jews and Slavs in Russia; makes Auschwitz centre for extermination under Hoess; the ‘final solution’, chap. v passim; slave labour; instructions for executions; sale of emigration permits to rich Jews; and Warsaw Ghetto; and Theresienstadt Ghetto.
Conducts tour of Sachsenhausen; attitude to camps; sent by Hitler on diplomatic mission to Italy, and to Czechoslovakia; the attack on Poland — operation Himmler; relations with other Nazi leaders during war; their characterisation of Himmler; later relationship with Heydrich; increasing ill-health; subservience to Hitler; in Poland; appointed head of Reich Commissariat for Consolidation of German Nationhood; on policy in Poland; German racial re-settlement scheme; decrees forcible adoption of racially desirable children; and euthanasia of mentally unfit; promotes medical experiments in concentration camps; encourages controlled breeding by SS., later racial obsessions; parsimony and financial straits; and the campaign in the West (1940), wartime development of the Waffen-SS., of the Ahnenerbe; relations with Kersten; orders extermination of defective prisoners in the camps; orders collection of ‘sub-human’ skulls; extends powers during war; directed by Hitler to prepare for Russian campaign.
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