29. Tim O’Brien, The Things They Carried: A Work of Fiction (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1990).
CHAPTER 4
1. Yi-Fu Tuan, Landscapes of Fear (New York: Pantheon Books, 1979), 127.
2. Jay Anson, The Amityville Horror (New York: Pocket Star Books, 1991), 122.
3. Renée L. Bergland, The National Uncanny: Indian Ghosts and American Subjects (Hanover, NH: Dartmouth College, 2000), 53.
4. Bergland, The National Uncanny, 16.
5. Bergland, The National Uncanny, 3.
6. Malcolm McGrath, Demons of the Modern World (Amherst, NY: Prometheus Books, 2002), 57.
7. Tuan, Landscapes of Fear, 19.
8. Joseph Campbell, The Masks of God: Primitive Mythology (New York: Viking Press, 1969), 30–31.
9. Sigmund Freud, “The ‘Uncanny’ (1919),” PDF, University of Iowa.
10. Bergland, The National Uncanny, 11.
11. Stephen King, Stephen King’s Danse Macabre (New York: Everest House, 1981).
12. Freud, “The ‘Uncanny’ (1919).”
13. Bergland, The National Uncanny, 50.
14. Claude Lévi-Strauss, Totemism (Boston: Beacon, 1962), 2–3.
15. Lance Michael Foster, “Old Indian Burial Grounds,” Native American Paranormal Blog, February 1, 2008, nativeamericanparanormal.blogspot.com/.
16. Bergland, The National Uncanny, 26.
17. Erich Fromm, Psychoanalysis and Religion (New York: Bantam Books, 1967), 31–32.
18. Bergland, The National Uncanny, 7.
19. Lévi-Strauss, Totemism, 59–60.
20. Bergland, The National Uncanny, 161.
21. Foster, “Old Indian Burial Grounds.”
22. Tuan, Landscapes of Fear, 127.
CHAPTER 5
1. Kathryn S. Olmsted, Real Enemies: Conspiracy Theories and American Democracy, World War I to 9/11 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009), 4.
2. Jeffrey Burton Russell, Satan: The Early Christian Tradition (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1981), 28.
3. Joseph McCarthy, “Speech at Wheeling, West Virginia,” http://historymatters.gmu.edu/d/6456/.
4. Olmsted, Real Enemies, 134.
5. Olmsted, Real Enemies, 130.
6. Olmsted, Real Enemies, 146.
7. Stanton T. Friedman, Flying Saucers and Science: A Scientist Investigates the Mysteries of UFOs: Interstellar Travel, Crashes, and Government Cover-ups (Franklin Lakes, NJ: New Page, 2008), 53.
8. John G. Fuller, “Flying Saucer Fiasco,” Look, May 14, 1968, www.project1947.com/shg/articles/fiasco.html.
9. Olmsted, Real Enemies, 136.
10. Philip J. Corso and William J. Birnes, The Day after Roswell (New York: Pocket, 1997), 4
11. Daniel Bates, “America’s X Files: Top U.S. Airmen to Accuse Air Force of Cover-Up as They Claim UFOs Have Been Deactivating Nuclear Missiles since 1948,” Daily Mail Online, September 28, 2010, www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-1315479/Aliens-interfered-weapons-UFOs-deactivating-nuclear-missiles.html.
12. Fox News, “Aliens Are Monitoring Our Nukes, Worry Ex-Air Force Officers,” FoxNews.com, September 23, 2010, www.foxnews.com/scitech/2010/09/23/aliens-monitoring-nukes-worry-ex-air-force-officers/.
13. Olmsted, Real Enemies, 185.
14. William J. Broad, “ ‘Urge to Investigate and Believe’ Sparks New Interest in U.F.O.’s,” The New York Times, June 16, 1987. www.nytimes.com/1987/06/16/science/urge-to-investigate-and-believe-sparks-new-interest-in-ufo-s.html?pagewanted=all&src=pm
15. George P. Hansen, The Trickster and the Paranormal (Philadelphia, PA: Xlibris, 2001), 245.
16. Lawrence Fawcett and Barry J. Greenwood, Clear Intent: The Government Coverup of the UFO Experience (Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1984), 50.
17. Fawcett and Greenwood, Clear Intent, 183–85.
18. Fawcett and Greenwood, Clear Intent.
19. A Strange Harvest, directed by Linda M. Howe, performed by Linda Moulton Howe, From Beyond, 1981, www.youtube.com/watch?v=i9B1rAy3a3E&list=PL943C82BB8F2ABD4D&index=1.
20. Friedman, Flying Saucers and Science, 103.
21. Travis Walton, Fire in the Sky: The Walton Experience (New York: Marlowe & Company, 1996), 277.
CHAPTER 6
1. Jeffrey Burton Russell, Lucifer: The Devil in the Middle Ages (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1984).
2. Russell, Lucifer, 275.
3. Anne Llewellyn Barstow, Witchcraze: A New History of the European Witch Hunts (San Francisco: Pandora, 1994), 2.
4. Hilary Evans and Robert E. Bartholomew, Outbreak!: The Encyclopedia of Extraordinary Social Behavior (San Antonio, TX: Anomalist, 2009), 733.
5. Rosemary Sullivant, “An Unlikely Revolutionary: Nicolas Copernicus, Circumscribed by Orthodoxy and Steeped in Catholicism, Triggered a Scientific Transformation,” Astronomy 52, 1999.
6. Russell, Lucifer, 303.
7. Barstow, Witchcraze, 60.
8. Sullivant, “An Unlikely Revolutionary.”
9. Russell, Lucifer, 58.
10. Barstow, Witchcraze, 39.
11. Barstow, Witchcraze, 32–33.
12. Alan Charles Kors and Edward Peters, Witchcraft in Europe 400–1700: A Documented History (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania, 2001), 394.
13. Russell, Lucifer, 77.
14. Kors and Peters, Witchcraft in Europe 400–1700, 393.
15. Georgess McHargue, Facts, Frauds, and Phantasms: A Survey of the Spiritualist Movement (Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1972), 1.
16. Spirit Summonings (Alexandria, VA: Time-Life, 1989), 23.
17. Spirit Summonings, 23.
18. McHargue, Facts, Frauds, and Phantasms, 39.
19. McHargue, Facts, Frauds, and Phantasms, 118–19.
20. Spirit Summonings, 62–63.
21. McHargue, Facts, Frauds, and Phantasms, 242.
22. McHargue, Facts, Frauds, and Phantasms, 171.
23. Spirit Summonings, 54.
24. McHargue, Facts, Frauds, and Phantasms, 217.
25. Stephen King, Stephen King’s Danse Macabre (New York: Everest House, 1981), 4.
26. King, Stephen King’s Danse Macabre, 5.
27. The Day the Earth Stood Still, directed by Robert Wise, performed by Michael Rennie and Patricia Neal, Twentieth Century Fox Film, 1951.
28. J. Allen Hynek, The UFO Experience: A Scientific Inquiry (Chicago: H. Regnery, 1972), 29.
29. Jerome Clark, “The Odyssey of Sister Thedra,” in Alien Worlds: Social and Religious Dimensions of Extraterrestrial Contact, ed. Diana G. Tumminia (Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press, 2007), 25–42.
30. Bryan Sentes and Susan Palmer, “Presumed Immanent: The Raelians, UFO Religions, and the Postmodern Condition,” in Alien Worlds: Social and Religious Dimensions of Extraterrestrial Contact, ed. Diana G. Tumminia (Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press, 2007).
31. Sentes and Palmer, “Presumed Immanent.”
32. Desmond Leslie and George Adamski, Flying Saucers Have Landed (New York: British Book Centre, 1953).
33. Earth vs. the Flying Saucers, directed by Fred F. Sears, performed by Hugh Marlowe and Joan Taylor, Clover Productions, 1956.
34. Hynek, The UFO Experience, 138–39.
35. Battle of L.A. UFO Attacked by U.S. Army: 1942, December 17, 2006, www.youtube.com/watch?v=oQmbGMWlL7w.
36. David Seed, “Constructing America’s Enemies: The Invasions of the USA,” Yearbook of English Studies 37(2), 2007.
37. Seed, “Constructing America’s Enemies.”
38. Pia Andersson, “Ancient Alien Brother, Ancient Terrestrial Remains,” in Alien Worlds: Social and Religious Dimensions of Extraterrestrial Contact, ed. Diana G. Tumminia (Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press, 2007), 264–91.
39. Malcolm McGrath, Demons of the Modern World (Amherst, NY: Prometheus, 2002), 97.
40. Associated Press, “Tells of Satan Kill,” The Odessa American, October 18, 1973, NewspaperARCHIVE Elite.
41. Associated Press, “Tells
of Satan Kill.”
42. Jay Maeder, “Fearful Coed Flees ‘Satanic Cult out to Kill Her,’ ” Chronicle Telegram, Elyria, OH, April 26, 1975, NewspaperARCHIVE Elite.
43. Jeffrey S. Victor, Satanic Panic: The Creation of a Contemporary Legend (Chicago: Open Court, 1993), 54.
44. Victor, Satanic Panic, 202.
45. Bill Ellis, Raising the Devil: Satanism, New Religions, and the Media (Lexington, KY: University of Kentucky, 2000), 79.
46. McGrath, Demons of the Modern World, 115.
47. Jon Trott and Mike Hertenstein, “Selling Satan: The Tragic History of Mike Warnke,” Cornerstone 21(98), 1992.
48. Brian Siano, “Truth in Advertising for Satan Seller?” The Humanist 53(3), 1993.
49. Debbie Nathan and Michael R. Snedeker, Satan’s Silence: Ritual Abuse and the Making of a Modern American Witch Hunt (New York: Basic, 1995).
50. Testimony by Dr. Bruce Woodling, director of medical examinations for Ventura County, law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/mcmartin/woodlingtestimony.html.
51. Nathan and Snedeker, Satan’s Silence, 189.
52. McGrath, Demons of the Modern World, 155.
53. McGrath, Demons of the Modern World, 93–94.
54. Ellis, Raising the Devil, 285.
CHAPTER 7
1. Joseph Campbell, The Masks of God: Primitive Mythology (New York: Viking, 1969), 30–31.
2. Lesley Pratt Bannatyne, Halloween: An American Holiday, an American Tradition (Gretna, LA: Pelican, 1990), 2–4.
3. Jennifer Rosenberg, “War of the Worlds Radio Broadcast Causes Panic,” About.com, history1900s.about.com/od/1930s/a/warofworlds_2.htm.
4. Bill Ellis, Aliens, Ghosts, and Cults: Legends We Live (Jackson: University of Mississippi, 2001), 41.
5. Terence Hines, Pseudoscience and the Paranormal (Amherst, NY: Prometheus, 2003), 13.
6. Hines, Pseudoscience and the Paranormal, 34.
7. Ghostwatch, directed by Lessley Manning, performed by Michael Parkinson and Sarah Greene, BBC, 1992, video.google.com/videoplay?docid=6073447872198040913.
8. MonsterQuest, Season 1, Episode 2: “Sasquatch Attack,” directed by Doug Hajicek, performed by Stan Bernard and Tod Disotell, Motive NYC, 2007, www.youtube.com/watch?v=8j0iFQIkNMo.
9. X-Creatures: “Shooting the Bigfoot,” directed by Chris Packham, BBC, 1999, www.youtube.com/watch?v=jy4P2ZhQjmc.
10. The Devil Hunters, www.njdevilhunters.com.
11. A Haunting: “Where Evil Lurks,” directed by David Haycox, performed by Anthony Call and Kelly Cherie Levander, New Dominion Studios, 2007, www.4shared.com/video/w83Jn5Pk/a_haunting_s04e06_-_where_evil.html.
12. “Fiendish Friday Interview: Larry Silverman of Discovery Channel’s ‘A Haunting,’ ” interview by iamlegend, The Haunted Report, October 5, 2007, www.hauntedreport.com/2007/10/fiendish-friday-interview-larr.html. Accessed 3/1/2010.
13. Fiendish Friday Interview.
14. Fiendish Friday Interview.
15. Ghost Hunters, Season 3, Episode 18: “Waverly Hills Live Results,” performed by Jason Hawes and Grant Wilson, Alan David Management, 2007, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5qA9kNDbbfc.
16. Owen Davies, The Haunted: A Social History of Ghosts (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2007), 16.
17. Alvin Schwartz, Scary Stories to Tell in the Dark (New York: HarperCollins Publishers, 1981), 94.
18. Ellis, Aliens, Ghosts, and Cults, 188–89.
CHAPTER 8
1. Bill Ellis, Aliens, Ghosts, and Cults: Legends We Live (Jackson: University of Mississippi, 2001), 93–97.
2. Whitley Strieber, Communion: A True Story (New York: Harper, 2008), 253.
3. Strieber, Communion, 255.
4. Strieber, Communion, 88.
5. Mark 5:1–9 (New International Version).
6. George P. Hansen, The Trickster and the Paranormal (Philadelphia: Xlibris, 2001), 259.
7. Hansen, The Trickster and the Paranormal, 244.
CHAPTER 9
1. Jan Harold Brunvand, The Vanishing Hitchhiker: American Urban Legends and Their Meanings (New York: Norton, 1981).
2. Jay Anson, The Amityville Horror (New York: Pocket Star Books, 1991), 122.
3. Carl Sagan, The Demon-Haunted World: Science as a Candle in the Dark (New York: Random House, 1996), 180.
4. Stephen King, The Shining (Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1977).
5. Christina Valhouli, “The Most Haunted Hotels,” Forbes.com, accessed October 27, 2011, www.forbes.com/2002/10/31/cx_cv_1031feat.html.
6. Owen Davies, The Haunted: A Social History of Ghosts (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2007), 62.
7. King, The Shining, 328.
8. Bill Ellis, Aliens, Ghosts, and Cults: Legends We Live (Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 2001), 197.
9. Dana Clark Felty, “More People May Believe in Ghosts Than You Might Think,” SavannahNow.com, October 27, 2006, savannahnow.com/2006-10-27/more-people-may-believe-ghosts-you-might-think.
10. Stanton T. Friedman, Flying Saucers and Science: A Scientist Investigates the Mysteries of UFOs: Interstellar Travel, Crashes, and Government Cover-ups (Franklin Lakes, NJ: New Page Books, 2008), 23.
11. “Larry King Live on UFOs,” directed by CNN, performed by Stanton Friedman and Jesse Marcel, 2007, www.youtube.com/watch?v=S2eoCqwBCQI.
12. Stanton Friedman Is Real, directed by Paul Kimball, performed by Stanton Friedman, Red Star Films, 2002, www.youtube.com/watch?v=jFIUlcmRwgw.
13. Friedman, Flying Saucers and Science, 92.
14. Friedman, Flying Saucers and Science, 297–98.
15. Associated Press, “Relatives Convicted in ‘Bizarre’ Exorcism Death,” June 13, 2009.
16. Edward Bulwer-Lytton, “The Haunted and the Haunters,” in The Mammoth Book of Haunted House Stories, ed. Peter Haining (Philadelphia: Running Press, 2007), 21–22.
17. Sagan, The Demon-Haunted World.
18. Friedman, Flying Saucers and Science, 299.
19. Sagan, The Demon-Haunted World, 25.
CHAPTER 10
1. Peter Travers and Stephanie Reiff, The Story behind The Exorcist (New York: Crown Publishers, 1974), 158.
2. Roger Ebert, “The Exorcist,” Rogerebert.com, December 26, 1973, rogerebert.suntimes.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/19731226/REVIEWS/301010310/1023.
3. Travers and Reiff, The Story behind The Exorcist, 168.
4. Louise Sweeney, “Occult Interest Suggests Technology Faith Shattered,” The Christian Science Monitor, April 20, 1974.
5. Thomas B. Allen, Possessed: The True Story of an Exorcism (Lincoln, NE: IUniverse.com, 2000), 232–33.
6. Travers and Reiff, The Story behind The Exorcist, 16–17.
7. Rev. Carl Vogl, Be Gone Satan (Rockford, IL: Tan Books & Publishers, 1973), 9.
8. Vogl, Be Gone Satan, 14.
9. Travers and Reiff, The Story behind The Exorcist, 83.
10. Matt Baglio, The Rite: The Making of a Modern Exorcist (New York: Doubleday, 2009), 67.
11. Rosemary Ellen Guiley, The Encyclopedia of Demons & Demonology (New York: Checkmark Books, 2009), 197.
12. Sweeney, “Occult Interest Suggests Technology Faith Shattered.”
13. Richie Rathsack, “Foolishness or Ghoulishness? Film Puts Spotlight on Meridan Ave. House,” MyRecordJournal.com, March 14, 2009.
14. Ray Garton, Ed Warren, Lorraine Warren, Al Snedeker, and Carmen Snedeker, In a Dark Place: The Story of a True Haunting (New York: Dell, 1994), 189.
15. Guiley, The Encyclopedia of Demons & Demonology, ix.
16. Rathsack, “Foolishness or Ghoulishness? Film Puts Spotlight on Meridan Ave. House.”
17. Joe Nickell, “Demons in Connecticut,” The Skeptical Inquirer 33(3), May/June 2009.
18. Nickell, “Demons in Connecticut.”
19. “Damned Interview: Ray Garton,” interview by Ray Bendici, Damned Connecticut, www.damnedct.com/damned-interview-ray-garton/.
20. “Carmen Reed CNN Interview,” interview by Melissa Long, CNN, A
pril 22, 2009.
21. Carmen Reed, “About Carmen Reed,” www.carmenreed.com/about.htm. Accessed 1/23/2010.
22. Garton et al., In a Dark Place, 100.
23. Garton et al., In a Dark Place, 122.
24. Associated Press, “ ‘Struck by Light Ray,’ Missing Man Found by Brother,” Press Telegram (Long Beach, CA), November 11, 1975.
25. Travis Walton, Fire in the Sky: The Walton Experience (New York: Marlowe & Company, 1996), 83.
26. Walton, Fire in the Sky, 91.
27. Walton, Fire in the Sky, 86.
28. Walton, Fire in the Sky, 222.
29. Walton, Fire in the Sky, 6.
30. Walton, Fire in the Sky, 93.
31. Walton, Fire in the Sky, 92.
32. Budd Hopkins, Missing Time: A Documented Study of UFO Abductions (New York: R. Marek Publishers, 1981), 63.
33. Stephen King, Stephen King’s Danse Macabre (New York: Everest House, 1981), 22.
34. King, Stephen King’s Danse Macabre, 131.
CHAPER 11
1. Frank Newport, “More Than 9 in 10 Americans Continue to Believe in God,” Gallup; June 3, 2011, www.gallup.com/poll/147887/americans-continue-believe-god.aspx
2. “How Many North Americans Attend Religious Services (and How Many Lie about Going)?” ReligiousTolerance.org, www.religioustolerance.org/rel_rate.htm.
3. Paul Kurtz, The Transcendental Temptation: A Critique of Religion and the Paranormal (Amherst, NY: Prometheus, 1991), 454.
4. Max Weber, The Sociology of Religion (Boston: Beacon, 1993), 1.
5. Weber, The Sociology of Religion, 25.
6. George P. Hansen, The Trickster and the Paranormal (Philadelphia: Xlibris, 2001), 87.
7. Weber, The Sociology of Religion, 7.
8. Hansen, The Trickster and the Paranormal, 105.
9. Erich Fromm, Psychoanalysis and Religion (New York: Bantam, 1967), 2.
10. Fromm, Psychoanalysis and Religion, 22.
11. Kurtz, The Transcendental Temptation, 457.
12. John Briggs and F. David Peat, Seven Life Lessons of Chaos: Spiritual Wisdom from the Science of Change (New York: HarperCollins Publishers, 1999), 2.
13. Fromm, Psychoanalysis and Religion, 112.
14. Robert L. Snow, Deadly Cults: The Crimes of True Believers (Westport, CT: Praeger, 2003), 135.
15. “Haitians React to Televangelist Pat Robertson’s ‘Devil Pact’ Remarks,” performed by Pat Robertson, The Miami Herald, January 14, 2010, www.youtube.com/watch?v=DN_goSKPCaM&feature=related.
Paranormal Nation Page 53