Chasing the Flame: Sergio Vieira de Mello and the Fight to Save the World

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Chasing the Flame: Sergio Vieira de Mello and the Fight to Save the World Page 80

by Samantha Power


  home in Massongy

  in Lebanon

  life after Canal Hotel attack

  relationship with SVDM

  and SVDM in Iraq

  and SVDM’s death

  SVDM’s dissertations typed by

  and SVDM’s posting to Buenos Aires

  Vieira de Mello, Antonio

  Vieira de Mello, Arnaldo

  Vieira de Mello, Gilda:

  anxiety about SVDM’s safety

  life after Canal Hotel attack

  marriage of

  as organizing her husband’s notes

  SVDM planning to visit after Iraq

  SVDM’s close relationship to

  and SVDM’s death ,

  and SVDM’s posting to Buenos Aires

  and SVDM’s posting to Iraq

  Vieira de Mello, Laurent:

  life after Canal Hotel attack

  life of , ,

  Vieira de Mello, Laurent (cont.)

  relationship with SVDM

  and SVDM in Iraq

  and SVDM’s death

  Vieira de Mello, Sergio

  in Afghanistan

  Angola mission aborted

  Azerbaijan trip of

  in Bangladesh, ,

  in Bosnia

  on Akashi

  amoral attitude of

  arrival

  author meeting in Zagreb

  on Bosnia and Somalia as intertwined

  civilians evacuated from Sarajevo by

  close calls in

  as Department of Civil Affairs head

  as escaping criticism

  on forgetting history in Yugoslavia

  and Karadžić

  as leaving with bitterness

  and market massacre

  on NATO air strikes .

  on political solution required for former Yugoslavia

  prisoner exchange negotiated by

  retrospective reflections on UNPROFOR

  as returning in

  in return to normal life in

  and Rose

  routine in Sarajevo

  and Serb attack on Gorazde enclave

  and Silajdžić

  as Stoltenberg’s political adviser

  on UN peacekeepers escorting Serb tanks

  in Cambodia

  as assembling his team

  as befriending the powerful book proposal on

  and Boutros Boutros-Ghali ,

  on Khmer Rouge resistance to Akashi

  lucky suits of

  Montagnards evacuated by

  as negotiating with Khmer Rouge

  on Quick Impact Projects

  railway reopened by

  refugees returned to Khmer Rouge territory .

  repatriation of refugees

  resentment of investment in Yugoslavia

  Courtland Robinson’s critical reflections

  on work of

  strained relations with Akashi

  tensions with Sanderson

  and UN officials and Cambodian women

  children of. See Vieira de Mello, Adrien; Vieira de Mello, Laurent

  after death of

  in East Timor

  adaptability of

  departure from

  on disbanding FALINTIL

  eagerness to hold elections

  economic policy

  as establishing relationship with Gusmão

  as having to start from scratch

  on humanitarian crisis following independence referendum

  and law-and-order gap

  on Multinational Force

  National Consultative Council established by

  relationships with staff

  routine in

  symbolism as important to

  Tetum language studied by

  Timorese protests against UN rule

  Timorization

  as training Timorese for government

  UN rules hindering administration by

  on UNTAET budget

  education of

  doctoral thesis

  at Franco-Brazilian lycée

  master’s degree

  at Sorbonne

  state doctorate

  at University of Fribourg

  at University of Rio de Janeiro

  and human rights. See also as UN High Commissioner for Human Rights below

  as becoming more outspoken advocate for

  as compromising with governments at expense of

  on importance of

  as studing theory and practice of

  on UN Commission on Human Rights

  and intergovernmental conference on former Soviet Union

  in Iraq. See also last day of below

  and American rule established in Iraq

  as anxious to leave Iraq

  appointed Special Representative of the Secretary-General for Iraq

  as arrival in Baghdad, ,

  as assembling team for

  Coalition attempts to search car of

  Coalition refusing to share intelligence with

  Dana killing condemned by

  de-Ba’athification opposed by

  on detainees in U.S. custody

  and deteriorating security situation

  diminishing influence of

  as distancing himself from Coalition

  on elections

  on ending the occupation

  on Governing Council , ,

  on Green Zone

  at Imam Ali shrine

  on Iraqi attitude toward UN

  and law-and-order problem

  learning tour

  as meeting with al-Sadr

  as meeting with al-Sistani

  as meeting with Bush before leaving

  and mutual distrust of U.S. and UN

  as not speaking Arabic

  on the occupation as fact

  office of

  on power sharing and legitimacy

  personal security

  relationship with Bremer

  residence in Baghdad .

  response to U.S. invasion

  with Shiite clerics in Hillah,

  speculation about Iraq role for

  trip to northern Iraq

  UN headquarters in Baghdad

  on UN role in postinvasion Iraq

  on U.S. threat to invade

  at World Economic Forum meeting

  and Kosovo conflict

  as assembling team for

  assessment mission behind Serb lines

  as continuing to monitor

  farewell tour of former Yugoslavia

  first press conference

  and Kosovar refugees

  Kosovo Transitional Council set up by

  Kouchner replacing

  on NATO intervention

  policing Kosovo

  refusal to speak Portuguese with Jovanovic

  as temporary administrator

  as testifying before Security Council on

  Vieira de Mello, Sergio, Kosovo conflict (cont.) UN rules hindering administration by

  last day in life of

  in Lebanon

  as “black chapter” in life of

  departure from

  after Israeli invasion of

  after Israeli invasion of

  and Kaloush killing

  as learning to live in war zone

  Urquhart’s opinion of

  at U.S. embassy

  lessons from career of

  on complexity, humility, and patience

  as engaging all kinds

  on fixing the international system

  on flaws in the international system

  on law and security first

  in Mozambique

  perpetrator of attack on reason for targeting

  personal characteristics of

  attitude toward U.S.

  Buddhism as interest

  desire to be liked

  fear of early death

  grace under pressure

  obsessive pun
ctuality

  pride in Brazil

  religious views

  reputation for elegance

  professional characteristics and interests of on “black boxing,”

  as charmer of thugs

  as combining personal and professional lives

  contradictions in

  on expectation management

  on “hitting the ground running,”

  languages spoken

  military interests

  mythic persona

  note-taking on hotel stationery pads

  political job sought

  political negotiation as interest

  popularity in Washington

  pragmatism

  as problem solver

  as refusing to make enemies

  “Sergio letters,”

  as staying in touch with Headquarters

  willingness to go where needed

  Wilsonian leanings

  relationships with women

  marriage to Annie Personnaz. See Vieira de Mello, Annie Personnaz

  relationship with Carolina Larriera. See Larriera, Carolina

  and Rwandan refugees

  charter flight to Kigali

  criticism of Rwanda policies of

  as feeling that mission failed

  at genocide sites with Bakhet

  as humanitarian coordinator

  as meeting with Baril in Entebbe

  as meeting with Kabila

  on refugee camps on Zairean border

  repatriation of refugees from Tanzania .

  repatriation of refugees to Rwanda

  repatriation of refugees from Zaire

  as sliping into eastern Zaire

  in Sudan

  as UN High Commissioner for Human Rights

  Annan appointing him high commissioner

  dissatisfaction as high commissioner

  as first commissioner to meet with U.S president

  plans for restructuring

  plans to return to after Iraq

  United Nations career of. See also as UN High Commissioner for Human Rights above

  Annan on irreplaceability of .

  aspiration to be secretary-general

  as assistant secretary-general

  friendship with Casella

  as Hocké’s chief of staff

  Jamieson as mentor of

  as joining UNHCR

  as leaving UNHCR

  on potential of UN

  relationship with Ogata

  seen as future secretary-general

  seen as Ogata’s replacement at UNHCR

  UN as family of

  UN as nationality of

  as under-secretary-general for humanitarian affairs

  as UNHCR Asia Bureau director

  as UNHCR deputy head of personnel services

  as UNHCR director of external relations

  as UNHCR policy planning and operations director

  as UNHCR regional representative for South America

  on UN impartiality

  and Vietnamese boat people

  views of

  on “affirmative action,”

  on danger to humanitarian personnel

  on democracy

  evolution of ideas of

  on fear as bad adviser

  on force for humanitarian purposes

  on “getting real,”

  on Great Lakes region of Africa

  on Hammarskjöld principles

  on humanitarian crises as political crises

  on legitimacy

  Luttwak’s “Give War a Chance” criticized by

  on “new world order” after end of cold war

  on no such thing as distant crisis

  provision of law and order recommended by

  on Security Council primacy

  on state-building

  UN war crimes tribunal supported by

  on UN weapons inspectors spying for U.S.

  youth of

  birth of

  on coup of

  Lacerda supported by

  as student revolutionary

  Vieira de Mello, Sonia ,

  Vieira de Mello,Tarcilo .

  Vietnamese boat people

  Villanova, Jon

  Vincentis, Giuseppe de

  Vollmer, Rand

  von Zehle,William:

  in Canal Hotel rescue operation

  Larriera tracking down

  on SVDM’s resistance to pulling mission out .

  Walzer, Gerald

  war crimes tribunals:

  International Criminal Court (ICC)

  for Khmer Rouge

  SVDM as supporter of

  for Yugoslavia

  Watson, Fiona

  Weinberger, Caspar

  White Car Syndrome

  Williams, Michael

  Williams, Roy

  Wilson,Woodrow

  Wiranto, General

  Wirth,Tim

  Wolfowitz, Paul

  Woodruff, Judy

  Yeah Ath

  Yeltsin, Boris

  Younes, Nadia

  Young, Kirsten Yugoslavia, former Yugoslavia

  aid workers and peacekeepers sent to

  basics of crisis in

  Dayton peace agreement

  SVDM becoming Stoltenberg’s political adviser in

  SVDM on forgetting history in

  SVDM’s resentment of disproportionate international investment in

  war crimes tribunal for

  See also Bosnia; Kosovo; Serbs

  al-Zarqawi, Abu Mussab

  Zinni, Anthony

  “Zionism equals racism” resolution

  ABOUT THE AUTHOR

  Samantha Power, Anna Lindh Professor of Practice of Global Leadership and Public Policy at the John F. Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University, is the author of “A Problem from Hell”: America and the Age of Genocide (Harper Collins, 2003), which won the 2003 National Book Critics Circle Award, the Council on Foreign Relations’ Arthur Ross Prize Book Award for the best book on foreign policy, and the Pulitzer Prize for nonfiction. She remains an active journalist, reporting from Rwanda, Burundi, Cambodia, Kosovo, East Timor, Zimbabwe, Sudan, and elswehere. She is a contributor to The New Yorker and a foreign policy columnist for Time magazine. She was the founding executive director of the Carr Center for Human Rights Policy at the Kennedy School (1998-2002), and from 1993 to 1996 she covered the wars in the former Yugoslavia as a reporter for The Boston Globe and U.S. News & World Report. She is the editor, with Graham Allison, of Realizing Human Rights: Moving from Inspiration to Impact (St. Martin’s, 2000). A graduate of Yale University and Harvard Law School, Power moved to the United States from Ireland in 1979, at the age of nine.

  1

  Quotations that are not sourced in the Notes are taken from my interviews, conducted between January 2004 and November 2007.

  2

  Prince Sadruddin was the second son of Sultan Mohamed Shah Aga Khan III, imam of the Ismaili Shiites. He spent much of his youth in India, but he had French, Iranian, and Swiss nationalities. Educated at Harvard, he became the publisher of the Paris Review in the early 1950s and then joined the UN as a civil servant. He was appointed UN High Commissioner for Refugees in 1965 at the age of thirty-two, a post he held until 1977.

  3

  U.S. officials were normally unwilling to criticize Israel, but in 1978 President Jimmy Carter was closing in on his landmark Camp David peace deal between Israel and Egypt, and he feared that an Israeli occupation of Lebanon could derail it. Carter decided that the best way to secure an Israeli withdrawal while also saving Israeli face was to authorize the dispatch of UN peacekeepers. The United States drove a resolution through the Council, taking Israel by surprise, and the Soviets abstained from the vote.

  4

  In 2006, after Hezbollah rocket attacks on northern Israel prompted another Israeli invasion, the Security Council authorized a 12,000-person UN force for southern Lebanon. Israe
l criticized the resolution because again Hezbollah fighters were permitted to remain in the south.

  5

  In December 1991 the UN General Assembly voted to revoke the 1975 resolution.

  6

  Haddad’s army, which he called the South Lebanese Army, was made up largely of poor Shi’a from the border villages.

  7

  In 2007 President George W. Bush would name Crocker U.S. ambassador to Iraq.

  8

  Vieira de Mello was also named secretary of the executive committee.

  9

  The four Cambodian parties that signed the Paris agreement were FUNCINPEC, the anti-Communist royalist party of Prince Sihanouk, led by his son, Prince Norodom Ranariddh; the somewhat marginal Khmer People’s National Liberation Front (KPNLF) of former prime minister Son Sann; the Khmer Rouge (KR), formally under Khieu Samphan (but with Pol Pot still in fact in charge); and the State of Cambodia (SOC), controlled by Prime Minister Hun Sen.

  10

  The KR controlled three camps—Site 8, O’Trao, and Site K.The KPNLF, Son Sann’s faction, controlled two—Sok Sann and Site 2. FUNCINPEC controlled one—Site B. And the final site, Khao-I-Dang, was controlled not by any faction but by UNHCR.

  11

  The UN Security Council authorized a core of 15,900 military troops, along with 3,600 police monitors and 2,400 civilian administrators.

  12

  238 men, 58 women and 102 children (and dogs and monkeys and even a hen)25

  13

  I use the word “Bosnian” to describe those who remained in territory under Bosnian government control and who, for much of the war, clung to the ideal of a multiethnic, unitary state. At the outset the “Bosnians” were Muslim, Croat, and Serb, but by the end of the war “Bosnian” and “Muslim” had become almost synonymous. After the war the term “Bosniak” was introduced to describe this mainly Muslim population.

 

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