by Price, Leah
She Would Be a Governess, 276n3
shilling shocker, 11
Shiv, Baba, Ziv Carmon, and Dan Ariely, 159
shoes, 29–30
shorthand, 95, 96–100, 130
Sicherman, Barbara, 51
Simmel, Georg, The Sociology of Georg Simmel, 271n6
Simpson, James, “Bonjour paresse,” 233
single-use goods, 247
single-use works, 248, 249, 250
Sisyphus, 142
Siti, Walter, 290n28
Skallerup, Harry Robert, 232
skin, 2, 102–3, 118, 123, 128, 129
slate, 101, 103
Slaughter, Joseph R., 40, 125–26, 284n19
slave narrative, 108, 125, 184, 186
slavery metaphor, 115
slaves, 123
slave ships, 127
slops, 246, 248
Small, Helen, 105–6
Smith, Benjamin, 185
Smollett, Tobias: Humphrey Clinker, 82, 85; Peregrine Pickle, 82; Roderick Random, 82, 85
social class, 13, 26, 55, 175, 236, 237; blurring of, 175; and book binding, 178; and book burning, 9; and book formats, 175, 178, 180–82; books as cutting across, 13, 200; in Dickens, 105; and gender, 197, 236; and handling paper vs. reading as uniting, 239; and Knight, 235–36; and library, 194; and literacy, 9, 203, 283n1; and masters and servants, 178; and materialism, 11; and Mayhew, 231, 238, 239; and missionaries, 133; and novel reading, 105–6; and public library, 175, 176; and reading, 105–6; and relationship of reading to handling, 240–41; and religious publications, 115–16; and religious tracts, 153; and religious tract societies, 178; and text, 17; and text vs. book, 31. See also lower classes; middle class; niche marketing; poor people; rich people; upper middle class; working class
social mobility, 16, 17, 57, 96
social networks, 139, 156
social rank, 2, 24
social relationships, 5–6, 7, 260; and bible distribution, 159; books as dependent on, 203; and book vs. text, 10; and circulation, 12–13; and copies of books, 12; and distribution, 7; embeddedness of objects in, 169; and Gissing, 258, 259; and handling, 9–10; and religious tracts, 151–52, 155, 175, 194. See also interpersonal connections
social status, 18
social structures, 13, 73
Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge (SPCK), 150, 178, 183, 184, 185
Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge, 26–27
sofa-table books, 18, 70, 84, 113, 169, 183
solipsism, 67, 68, 71
Southey, Robert, 3; Letters from England, 263n1
sower metaphor, 111, 145–46
Spectator, 234–35, 254–55, 257
speed-reading, 141
Spivak, Gayatri Chakravorty, 273n8
Spufford, Francis, 275n15
Stallybrass, Peter, 34
Stallybrass, Peter, and Ann Rosalind Jones, 246
Stationery Office, 145
St Clair, William, 34, 36, 150, 160, 246
Steedman, Carolyn, 164, 176, 203, 283n5, 285n21
Stendhal (Marie-Henri Beyle), Vie de Henry Brulard, 84
stenography, 96–100, 103
Stephen, James Fitzjames, 259
Stephen, Leslie, “Journalism,” 142
Stephenson, Neal, The Diamond Age, 273n5
stereotype, 23, 27
Sterling, John, 235
Sterne, Jonathan, 224
Sterne, Lawrence, Tristram Shandy, 77, 111
Stewart, Garrett, 51; The Look of Reading, 52, 268n29, 272n4; “The Mind’s Sigh,” 50; “Painted Readers, Narrative Regress,” 51–52
Stewart, R., “A Piece of Waste Paper,” 244
Stimpson, Felicity, 116
Stock, Jan, 226
Stone, Lawrence, 189
storytelling, 104, 105
Stott, Anne, 151
study, 13, 23, 25, 26, 55, 85, 99, 100, 235, 285n25. See also libraries
Sturgis, Howard Overing, Belchamber, 59
Suarez, Michael Felix, and H. R. Woudhuysen, 263n4
subject, formation of, 130
suffering: and bildungsroman, 129; as defining limits of the human, 125; and Exeter Book, 132; and it-narratives, 118, 122, 124, 129
Sumerian clay tablets, 225
sumptuary codes, 116, 132
Sunday at Home, 112, 114
Swell’s Night Guide, 96
Swift, Jonathan, Gulliver’s Travels, 80
Sylph, 67, 75
talking bible, 113
talking books, 108, 109
talking tracts, 110–11
Tanselle, Thomas, 263n4
Tatar, Maria, 274n13
Tauchnitz series, 62
taxes, 35; and newspapers, 38, 141; on paper, 9, 38, 141, 219, 220, 225, 249, 290n31; on serials, 38
Taylor, Ann, The Present of a Mother to a Servant, 164
Taylor, Harriet, 236
Taylor, Jeremy, 173; Holy Living and Holy Dying, 172
teachers, 14, 88, 101. See also education; schools
tearjerkers, 19
temperance tracts, 206
Terdiman, Richard, 261
text, 71; absent, 92; age vs. price of, 246–47; as allegory of own manufacture and distribution, 130; and autodidacticism, 17; and body and soul, 144; and book, 2, 4–5, 10–11, 20, 25–26, 32, 40, 78, 129; and children and adults, 91, 100; dematerialization of, 220; diegetic and extradiegetic discussions of, 91–92; differently priced editions of, 2; and empathy across classes and genders, 17; ephemerality of, 224, 225; and gender, 31; and individual freedom, 17; as invisible to husbands, 50; and life cycle metaphors, 231; life span of, 250; as linguistic structure, 20; material conditions for selling and buying of, 95; and mind and body, 129; and moderation, 10–11; as object of piety, 10; as poison, 15; power to change identity of reader, 18; preservation vs. destruction of, 225–26; and protagonists’ daydreams, 77; reproduction of, 225; self-distributing, 124; as shield from demands of women, 54–55; socialization of, 134; and social mobility, 17; successive users of, 168–74; thematic analysis of, 35; transformation into speech, 106; and women, 56; worship of, 16
textuality, 16
textual value, 8–9
Thackeray, William Makepeace, 88, 131, 207, 212, 236; “George de Barnwell,” 85, 90, 274n14; The History of Henry Esmond, Esq., 77; and Mayhew, 251; The Newcomes, 50, 66, 178; Roundabout Papers, 76, 178; “Singular Letter from the Regent of Spain,” 204–6; Sketches and Travels in London, 66; and tract societies, 156; Vanity Fair, 25–26, 45, 46, 55, 76, 77, 200–201, 205–6, 208, 267n16, 273n7, 285n22; The Virginians, 77; “Why Can’t They Leave Us Alone in the Holidays?”, 276n30; Yellowplush Papers, 26
thematic analysis, 35
thematic materialism, 130
“Things It Is Better Not to Do,” 74
thing theory, 22, 108
Thomas à Kempis, Imitation of Christ, 169, 170, 173–74, 229, 260, 282n29
Thoreau, Henry David, 23, 37
Thornton, Henry, 151
Tonna, Charlotte Elizabeth, The Wrongs of Woman, 160
tradesmen, 6, 113, 236
“Traffic in Waste Paper,” 250
Treasury of Amadis of France, The, 134
Trollope, Anthony, 7, 36, 50, 51, 71, 73, 78, 81, 85, 131, 158, 207, 215, 260; An Autobiography, 18, 29, 59, 86, 106; Ayala’s Angel, 86; and book as wedge, 198; Can You Forgive Her?, 47; Castle Richmond, 29, 206; The Claverings, 45, 47; Cousin Henry, 70; The Eustace Diamonds, 62; He Knew He Was Right, 63; “The Higher Education of Women,” 63; and Mayhew, 221; Miss Mackenzie, 156; “Novel-Reading,” 59; “On English Prose Fiction,” 210; Palliser series, 47; The Prime Minister, 45, 47; reading as reductively other-directed in, 67; and silent reading as interpersonal act, 67–68; The Small House at Allington, 48–49, 53, 60, 67, 74, 214; The Struggles of Brown, Jones and Robinson, 267n19
Trollope, Frances, 150, 209
Troubridge, Laura, 214
Trumpener, Katie, Bardic Nationalism, 90, 203
trunk linings, 220
trunk-makers, 230, 233, 236, 239, 252
Turkle, Sherry, 131
Twenty-third Annual Report of the Bombay Tract and Book Society, 281n19
“Two Bibles, The,” 38
Tyburn Dick, 69
Tyndale, William, 39
typewriters, 97
UNESCO, 40
upper middle class, 31. See also social class
Useful and the Beautiful, The, 193
Vickery, Amanda, 283n7
Victoria, 9
Victoria Magazine, 140
Victorians, 4–5, 10–11, 16, 36
Vincent, David: Literacy and Popular Culture, 86, 285n20; The Rise of Mass Literacy, 56, 141, 252, 271n6
violence, 53, 54, 72–73, 76, 119, 124. See also book throwing
Virginia, natives of, 40
Visitor, The, 132
Viswanathan, Gauri, 157
voice, 121, 122; and bildungsroman, 128; and it-narrative, 109, 110, 114, 116, 119, 124, 127, 128
vulgarians, 11
vulgarity, 85
vulnerability, 118, 122, 125, 127, 128
Wallis, Alfred, 229
Ward, Mary Arnold, David Grieve, 278n11
Ward and Lock’s Home Book, 283n8
warehouse, 1, 144–45
Warner, Michael: The Letters of the Republic, 198–99; “Uncritical Reading,” 21
wastepaper, 223–24; and authors, 233; Bibles as, 157, 159; and cheapness of new paper, 250; economics of, 239; and legible texts, 242, 245; market value of, 250; and Mayhew, 222, 223, 231; as memento mori, 233; representation of, 252; resale value of, 148; reselling for, 6; and tracts, 243–45; trade in, 250; trope of, 251, 252. See also paper
“Waste Paper,” 243
Watkins, M. G., “The Library,” 2, 123–24, 133
Watson, Rowan, 195
Watt, Isaac, Divine Hymns, 91
Watts, Newman, The Romance of Tract Distribution, 202, 204, 211, 242, 251, 252
Waugh, Evelyn, A Handful of Dust, 216
Weedon, Alexis, 250
Weekly Visitor, The, 132
Welsh, Alexander: From Copyright to Copperfield, 95; George Eliot and Blackmail, 141; The Hero of the Waverley Novels, 278n14
Wesleyan Conference Office, 209
Wesleyan Magazine, 244–45
West, William, 225
West Africa, 40
Westminster Review, 241
Wharton, Edith: A Backward Glance, 74; “The Line of Least Resistance,” 271n8
White, Borrett, 243
White, Gleeson, Book-Song, 123
White, Hayden, 265n8
Wilberforce, William, 208–9
Wilde, Oscar, 3
Williams, Raymond, The Long Revolution, 218
Williams, William Proctor, and Craig S. Abbott, 134
Wills, W. H., 142
Windscheffel, Ruth Clayton, 58, 184
wives, 12, 47, 57, 66, 75, 190; as blocking husbands’ reading, 54; and distraction of reading novels, 193; and family prayers, 214; and freedom from gaze of husbands, 61; hiding by, 13, 15, 51, 62, 74, 193; and husbands, 15; husbands as beating, 53, 124; husbands as preventing from reading, 55–56; and lost happiness, 58–59; and newspapers, 62, 203; and novels, 55–56, 73; refuge for men from, 55; and romance with characters, 259. See also marriage; women
Wogan, Peter, 40
women, 10, 75, 241; access to books, 91; as bible distributors, 203; as blocking men’s reading, 56; book as buffer from men, 81; and bookbindings, 2; and children, 91; and dress patterns, 54–55, 56; and empathy and imagination, 57; and feminization of reading, 57; and feminizing book and text, 56; and food vs. books, 31; and gendered division of labor, 100; and Gissing, 258; as higher variance to men, 56; as hostile to books, 53–55; and interiority, individuality, and authenticity, 51; as librarians, 240; and literacy, 56–57; as matching book binding to dress and decor, 56; men’s writing vs. speech of, 104; middle-class, 41; and mistress-maid relations, 247; and morality, 56; and newspapers and novels, 177; and novels as distracting, 193; as overinvested readers, 53; and Oxbridge fellows, 55; and passionate and disinterested reading, 56; as philistines, 56; and pie plates, 54–55, 56; and prize books, 163; as readers, 218; and reading aloud, 214, 215; seduced, 125; selfhood of, 54; and sex, 75; and shorthand, 97, 98, 100; survival of manuscripts through, 240; text as shield from demands of, 54–55; and textual transmission, 240; use of valued paper by, 236. See also gender; marriage; mothers; women
Wood, Mrs. Henry, The Earl’s Heirs, 86–87, 88, 193
Woodburn, James, 68
wood pulp, 9, 236, 248, 249–50
Woolf, Leonard and Virginia, “Are Too Many Books Written and Published?”, 29
Woolf, Virginia: “How Should One Read a Book?”, 259; The Voyage Out, 50
Worboise, Emma, Thornycroft Hall, 87, 284n10
wordplay/puns, 23, 24–26, 28, 35, 92–93, 237. See also jokes
Wordsworth, William, 107, 224
working class, 17, 41, 93, 201, 218; and Bell, 202; and identification with literary characters, 167; and literacy, 13, 39–40, 69, 220; and Mayhew, 238; and middle-class self-criticism, 204; and morality and circumstances of reading, 192; and prize books, 162; and religious tract-distributors, 14; selection of books for, 164; and selfhood, 199; and tracts, 178–80; and value of paper, 220. See also social class
Wrayburn, Eugene, 21
writing, 94, 101, 216; in Dickens, 102; jokes about learning, 94; literal vs. literary, 95; and manual practices, 34; mechanics of, 23; street in turn reproduces a line of, 94. See also literacy
Wynter, Andrew, 144
Yeames, James, Gilbert Guestling, or, the Story of a Hymn-Book, 128, 209, 242
Yonge, Charlotte Mary, 167, 188, 189, 196, 284n18; “Children’s Literature of the Last Century,” 89; “Children’s Literature: Part III,” 57, 166, 167–68, 199–200; The Pillars of the House, 282n35; P’s and Q’s, or, the Question of Putting Upon, 200; What Books to Lend and What to Give, 162, 163, 166, 200
Youth’s Magazine or Evangelical Miscellany, The, 203
Zeitlin, Judith, 219
Zemka, Sue, 134