by Jay-Z
2. I wanted to conjure an image here: someone kneeling, first to accept the honor of being knighted, and then being beheaded with the same sword, the posture of honor transformed to one of execution.
3. I wrote this before MJ died, and his death only proves my point: When he was alive, the King of Pop, people were tireless in taking him down, accepting as truth every accusation people made against him, assuming the worst until they drove him away. When he died, suddenly he was beloved again—people realized that the charges against him might really have been bogus, and that the skin lightening was really caused by a disease, and that his weirdness was part of his artistry. But when he was alive and on top, they couldn’t wait to bring him down. (In my opinion sharing sleeping quarters with other people’s kids is inappropriate, to keep it real.)
4. Jesus and Caesar were both killed by people close to them, traitors.
5. A reference to KRS-One and Just-Ice’s eighties classic “Moshitup.” Buddy-bye-bye!
6. Bobby then was a young star when he was known for his hit record “Every Little Step”; Bobby now is better known for the hit reality series, Being Bobby Brown, a cautionary tale about how it can all slip away.
7. Shout-out to Alfred, Lord Tennyson: “’Tis better to have loved and lost, than to never have loved at all.”
8. Here I’m playing with “king” and King—Martin Luther King, who was assassinated on the balcony of the Lorraine Motel.
9. Malcolm was distracted by screams before he was shot—a man shouted, “Nigger get your hands outta my pockets,” and then the fatal shots rang out.
10. Kurt Cobain OD’d on heroin before committing suicide, but he also OD’d on fame. Cobain was like Basquiat: They both wanted to be famous, and were brilliant enough to make it happen. But then what? Drug addicts kill themselves trying to get that feeling they got from their first high, looking for an experience they’ll never get again. In his suicide note, Cobain asked himself, “Why don’t you just enjoy it?” and then answered, “I don’t know!” It’s amazing how much of a mindfuck success can be.
11. You have to lift the drawbridge of your life once you get famous to keep outsiders outside—whether they’re new hangers-on just trying to exploit you, or, like in the streets, they might literally wake you up with a gun to your nose, trying to take your shit. But the “inner sanctum” isn’t just your physical home, it’s the inner chamber of your life and identity, the place where you protect your essential self. If invaders break in there, you’re finished.
SUCCESS / FEATURING NAS
Back to Lyrics
1. This is a reference to Eminem’s “I’m Back”: What do I think of success? It sucks too much press I’m stressed.
2. This refers to old friends on the street and in the rap game who still think of me as their sidekick or protégé, or the little nigga they put on. At one point that’s maybe who I was—but then my nuts dropped and I became my own man. And that happened a long time ago.
3. Another reference to finishing breakfast, as in “Public Service Announcement,” which connects with the “appetite for destruction” and “small fry” in the next line.
4. I went to such a visceral image here because I was trying to make a point: In America—and in hip-hop—success is supposed to be about accumulation and consumption. But the finest meal ends up as shit, which is a great metaphor for the fact that consumption’s flip side is decay and waste, and what’s left behind is emptiness. Empty apartments, empty stomach, unused objects. Which isn’t to say I don’t like buying things and eating nice meals as much as the next person (okay, maybe even more), but success has to mean something beyond that.
RENEGADE / FEATURING EMINEM
Back to Lyrics
1. Eminem produced this song and came up with the concept, which was to attack the mistaken perceptions people had of him. By the time I got my hands on it, he’d already recorded his verse, which is absolutely fucking brilliant, in his lyrical concepts and rhyme schemes—go to war with the Mormons, take a bath with the Catholics / in holy water it’s no wonder they try to hold me under longer—and in his ridiculous flow—now I’m debated disputed hated and viewed in America / as a motherfuckin drug addict, like you didn’t experiment. “Renegade” appeared on the Blueprint album, which I intended to be spare and personal and soulful; Em’s verses here are the only guest appearance on the album.
2. This is directed at critics who only listen to the songs that fulfill their preconceived expectations—the “bling bling” in the background summarizes their usual complaint about my music.
3. This is one of the things that makes me—and all serious rappers—renegades: When we report the news, it doesn’t sound the same as when you hear it from CNN. Most of us come from communities where people were just supposed to stay in their corners quietly, live and die without disturbing the master narrative of American society. Simply speaking our truths, which flew in the face of the American myth, made us rebels.
4. The image of niggas “crouched over” is mean to show the other side of the usual street story—what happens when shit goes bad, the gun gets dropped, and you’re the one on your knees.
5. Again, I’m talking about the flip side of the “Money, Cash, Hoes” type songs. Sex can knock you up and knock you down.
6. The “jot it down” line is meant to show that I’m talking to a reporter, giving him my “ghetto point of view.”
7. Magazines, even hip-hop magazines, would reduce a song to a rating, a number of mics or stars or some other system. But I always wondered how they could try to pin down and attach a rating to music that was really helping people understand their own lives. I always thought that critics should factor in the truthfulness of the rhyme. Truth is a constraint. It’s easy to make up a complete fantasy in a song. Trying to rhyme and be clever and witty and tell a coherent story or talk about a coherent concept and stick to something true about life is difficult. But it’s that element of truth that makes the songs deeper than just entertainment, that make the music a light that can help people see their way through a hard life.
8. This is meant both literally and figuratively—the critic I’m imagining here is a suit-and-tie sort of guy, who literally doesn’t dress like me. But he also can’t wear the life I’ve worn, and if he tried to step in my shoes, walk the streets I walked, he’d lose that tie and shirt, not just his clothes but the smug attitude they represent.
9. Here’s the dark side of hustling—actually, not the dark side, which has its own glamour, but the pathetic side of the young hustler’s life: ashy knuckles, pockets full of lint, broke, can’t pay rent.
10. It’s when you take the hustler down a notch that you can start to relate to him, even if it’s still complicated. The pocket that was once filled with lint is now filled with “hope”—which is what the crack is to this kid. It’s contraband to the law and poisonous salvation to the crackhead, but to the hustler, it’s a way out.
11. Southpaw boxers are dangerous because they seem awkward to people used to boxing righthanders. It’s a great metaphor for the way those of us from the hood were able to take on the world. We came at shit from a different angle, snuck up on people, surprised them. We turned the thing that made us outcasts into our advantage.
12. Of course, my mother didn’t want me on the streets, but it was hard to argue with a young kid who’s actually contributing to a household that’s stretched thin, even if he’s into some dangerous shit to do it.
13. I didn’t have much of a childhood. By the time I was a teenager, I was living in another city, far from home, working.
14. After so much of the song is about stripping the life of any sense of glamour and pointing out the real life of the kid in the ghetto, I turn it around to a defiant, triumphant note with this series of raises: raising green up (making money), raising my middle finger to the critics who don’t get it, and raising my face to the sky to talk to my nigga Big.
15. This was a conversation Big and I had many times b
efore he died. He wanted for me to see what it was like to be at the multiplatinum level, performing in big arenas. The promise appeared in a song I did with him called “Young G’s”: And I told my nigga Big I’d be multi before I die / It’s gonna happen whether rappin or clappin have it your way.
16. I love this concept: Instead of being forced into a fucked up choice where you lose either way, choose your own path. The fork in the road I was presented with was either having those pockets full of lint, or pockets full of dope. I went straight—stopped selling drugs—but I also didn’t accept the false choice between poverty and breaking the law. I found my own way through and with my music, I try to help others see their way through it, too.
CAN I LIVE?
Back to Lyrics
1. Hopelessness and desperation is what you’re supposed to feel in poverty. The drive to escape that hopelessness is, for the hustler, the same thing that drives a drug addict to get high—a need to escape. So here, and in other rhymes, I’m identifying with addicts. An addict doubles down on his pain, and like the hustler feels death or jail couldn’t be much worse than the pain of poverty. So when we come to the table to gamble, it’s with our very lives.
2. In this line I turn a noun, bread (meaning “money”), into a verb, toast (meaning “shoot”), which draws out the relationship between money and danger.
3. Sleeplessness, weariness, and adrenaline are symptoms of paranoia, of engaging in illegal activity in plain sight. “Four fiends away” indicates the distance between me and the street-level action. The implication is that I’m a boss, to some degree buffered from low-level workers who can be easily urged to cooperate with authorities.
4. The pain of a drug addict is visible. You may or may not have sympathy for him, but he’s wearing his pain. The hustler has armor—money, ambition—that makes his pain less visible, less “quick to see.” But just like a drug addict’s “brain on drugs” the hustler’s brain is similarly fried, preparing for inevitable rainy days (precipitation), planning takeovers, stacking and climbing. The “hardly” is an admission that while the intention is to stack, the reality is often the spending.
5. Rayful Edmond was a major hustler who appeared on the news coming out of his own helicopter.
6. This line, “I’d rather die enormous than live dormant,” resonates deeply with my listeners. It’s a take on the “Live Free or Die Trying,” “Liberty or Death” spirit that’s woven into the fabric of what it means to be American. But it’s also about great ambition, and the alternative, which is stagnation. The risk is death, so the reward should have equal gravity, a life lived to the fullest.
7. “The main event” refers to the reward, the spoils, and, literally, a fight in Vegas. But main event could mean life as much as it means a staged fight. Presidential suites is that Big Willy all grown up—call him William.
8. “Sick thoughts that circle” is about the interior of my mind. Constantly checking thoughts, separating what’s real from what’s fear and paranoia, what’s a part of the plan and what’s reckless. Before I learned the Law of Attraction I was aware of the power of my thoughts, staying focused, weeding out thoughts that sabotage.
9. “Immunity” is a shot at white-collar criminals who are as outside of the law as my crew, but it’s also about taking reckless risks that lead to material acquisitions, which were also reckless. Advising to buy a car rather than lease one speaks to my naïveté at the time. Cars lose value the minute they leave the lot.
10. The Buddhist reference is about stillness, a break from the spending and buying, a retreat to reveal my ultimate goals.
11. The CBS television network’s logo is a single open eye.
FALLIN’ / FEATURING BILAL
Back to Lyrics
1. “That” is ambiguous here. The context shows that it refers to the drug game, and of course this is on the American Gangster album, which was inspired by Frank Lucas’s rise and fall as a drug kingpin. But it can refer to anything we do that we know, even while we’re doing it, will end badly.
2. A brick is a serious entry-level weight, a nice score, but not necessarily a lifetime commitment to the Game.
3. This is the kind of bogus negotiation people normally associate with drug addicts, not drug dealers. The theme of this song is the similarity between the users and sellers; they’re on opposite ends of the transaction, but are both addicted to a fix that they know will destroy them.
4. “Whips” are fast, expensive cars. It might seem redundant to say “new cars, new whips” but “whips” adds a layer of meaning and suggestion. For instance, you can make the connection between the word “whip” and the way lust for material items has become almost a slavemaster to the song’s narrator, pushing him forward against his own better judgment. Or the way “whip” makes you feel the speed with which the narrator’s game is rising.
5. This is a play on the similarity between “ruthless” and “roofless,” as in convertible.
6. This is about how clear his view of the fight is, but also about how he sees the larger picture of life much clearer now, or thinks he does.
7. Reference to Nice & Smooth’s “Funky for You”: Dizzy Gillespie plays the sax / Me myself I love to max / Redbone booties I’m out to wax / Stick-up kids is out to tax. Dizzy Gillespie played the trumpet, but fuck it, it’s a great rhyme. Premier sampled the line for the chorus of another hip-hop classic, Gang Starr’s “Just to Get a Rep.”
8. First, this conjures the image of agents in the back of an FBI van looking at their surveillance screen and applauding because you fucked up, and then morphs into the image of a crowd at a movie, yelling at the character on the screen who is about to fuck up.
9. “Can’t blow too hard” means you can’t show off too much, or your whole life can tumble.
10. January is the coldest, darkest month of the year, which mirrors the hopeless feeling of being locked down and forgotten by the people on the outside.
11. Commissary is the prison “store” where prisoners can buy basic items using an account that gets filled by people outside of prison.
12. The prisoner’s routine is heavy on exercises whose names are like a cruel joke.
13. The cycle continues.
14. The implication is that the narrator dumped a good, self-sufficient woman—now getting a college degree—for “arm candy” that gets sweet on whoever’s hot.
15. Now he’s out of jail, but all he has to fall back on is empty boasting about his old life—problem is, no one gives a shit. It’s like the old ballplayer telling the young boys about how nice he used to be, how he could’ve been a contender—but if you blew it, no one cares.
BIG PIMPIN’ (EXTENDED) / FEATURING UGK
Back to Lyrics
1. This is my take on a classic piece of pimpology, Pretty Tony’s riff in the movie The Mack: “Just like my hoes, I keep ’em broke. They wake up one morning with some money, they subject to go crazy. I keep ’em looking good, pretty and all that, but no dough.” These lines have been referred to a lot in hip-hop—they were sampled completely by Ghostface Killah—but it’s not meant to endorse actual pimping, that was never my thing. Pretty Tony’s delivery is so slick, the slang is so dead-on, the exaggeration so outrageous, and the sentiment so pure and distilled, that as ridiculous as the words are, it still comes off real. It’s fucked up and mesmerizing. It’s also comedy. I was trying to get some of that feeling in this song.
2. Here are two of the most selfish, least romantic ways to describe sex you can imagine: “need a nut” and “beat the guts.” I was intentionally pushing it—the song is meant to be about pimpin, which is, by definition, selfish and unromantic—but this was also where my head was when I recorded the song. The truth is that when you reach a certain level of success, relationships between men and women can get really fucked up and start feeling like a raw transaction, with high levels of suspicion on both sides.
3. I like the way “fists in cuffs” sounds like “fisticuffs.” It shows exac
tly how the song’s narrator sees commitment, almost as an assault.
4. The irony here, of course, is that like most niggas who throw on the pimp act, I’d eventually give my heart to a woman.
5. Another The Mack reference.
6. I was a longtime fan of UGK, and they killed their verses on this song. After Pimp C died, Bun B and I performed his verse together (along with about fifteen thousand people in the audience) at a show in Houston, their hometown. His short verse was a perfect eulogy for Pimp C—it was funny, outrageous, smart, and bouncey, and he didn’t waste a single word: if I wasn’t rapping baby / I would still be ridin Mercedes / coming down and sippin daily / no rest till whitey pay me.
7. Blades = B.L.A.D.’s = rims.