by Siân Evans
11. Violet Jessop, Titanic Survivor, p. 21.
12. Sowerbutts, op.cit., p. 210.
13. ‘Lily Pons sings as gale rocks giant liner’, Evening News, 11 April 1938
14. White Star Magazine, May 1927, p. 224.
15. The Queen Mary: Greatest Ocean Liner, BBC 2
16. Ashley Halsey III, ‘The Queen Mary Saved Hundreds of Jews from the Nazis, even as St Louis was Turned Away’, Washington Post, 21 September 2019.
17. Sowerbutts, op.cit., p. 198.
18. Dorothy Scobie, A Stewardess Rings a Bell, Stylus, 1990, p. 84.
Chapter 9: Women under Fire
1. Edith Sowerbutts, Memoirs of a British Seaman, p.198
2. Ibid., p. 213.
3. Ibid., p. 4.
4. Maida Nixson, Ring Twice for the Stewardess, John Long, 1954 p. 38.
5. Ibid., p. 130.
6. Sowerbutts, Memoirs of a British Seaman, p. 12.
7. Ibid., p. 16.
8. Nancy Cunard, untitled manuscript in the form of a journal, kept from 31 July to 21 August 1941. The Harry Ransom Humanities Research Center Library, University of Texas at Austin.
9. Ibid.
10. ‘Woman Ship’s Officer: She Escaped Bombs and Torpedoes’ Evening Standard, LSE Archives, June 1940.
11. Anon., ‘A Woman on the High Seas’, unattributed article in Woman Engineer magazine, 1941.
12. Sowerbutts, op.cit., p. 42.
13. ‘Forgotten Women of the Sea’, Daily Herald, 4 June 1942.
14. ‘Women in Shipbuilding’, The Times, 16 June 1943.
15. Martha Gellhorn, ‘The First Hospital Ship’, in The Face of War, Granta Books, 1998, p. 119.
16. Nixson, op.cit., p. 149.
17. ‘Cunard Pays Tribute to War Service”, unattributed article in The Maritime Executive 24.5.2015
Chapter 10: Romance, Repatriation and Recovery
1. Sylvia Duncan and Peter Duncan, The Sea My Steed, Robert Hale, 1960, p. 14.
2. Interview, Southampton City Council Oral History Unit.
3. Maida Nixson, Ring Twice for the Stewardess, p. 171.
4. Ibid., p. 174.
5. Duncan and Duncan, op.cit., p. 150.
6. New York Times, 17 December 1949.
7. Elsa Maxwell, Elsa Maxwell’s Own Story, Little, Brown, 1954, pp. 299–300.
8. The Golden Age of Liners, BBC 4. Presented by Paul Atterbury and made for the Timeshift series, first broadcast on BBC 4 on 22 October 2009.
9. Martha Gellhorn, Travels with Myself and Another, p. 286.
Conclusion
1. Edith Sowerbutts, Memoirs of a British Seaman, p. 5.
2. Grace Brewster Murray Hopper, Address given at Trinity College, Washington, USA. Reported in Time, 22 June 1987.
Bibliography
Anon., The Great Cunarder RMS Aquitania: The World’s Wonder Ship, Cunard Steam Ship Company, 1914
Anon, ‘The Quadruple-screw Turbine-driven Cunard liner “Aquitania”‘, Engineering [magazine], 1914
Anon, Cunard on War Service, Cunard Line, 1919
Anon, The Story of a Great Liner, Royal Mail Steam Packet Company, 1924
Baker, Paul and Stanley, Jo, ‘Hello Sailor! The Hidden History of Gay Life at Sea’, Routledge, 2014 (First pub. Pearson Education, 2003)
Banstead, C.R., Atlantic Ferry, Methuen, 1936
Barrow, Andrew, Gossip: 1920–1970, Hamish Hamilton, 1978
Benton, Charlotte, Benton, Tim and Wood, Ghislaine, Art Deco 1910–1939, V&A Publications, 2003
Blair, Gwenda, The Trumps: Three Generations that Built an Empire, Simon and Schuster, 2001
Braynard, Frank O., Picture History of the Normandie, Dover Publications, 1987
Brendon, Piers, Thomas Cook: 150 Years of Popular Tourism, Secker and Warburg, 1991
Brinnin, John Malcolm, The Sway of the Grand Saloon: A Social History of the North Atlantic, Barnes & Noble, 1971 and 1986
Brinnin, John Malcolm and Gaulin, Kenneth, Grand Luxe: The Transatlantic Style, Bloomsbury, 1988
Buckle, Richard (ed.), Self Portrait with Friends: The Selected Diaries of Cecil Beaton, 1926–1974, Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1979
Burns, C. Delisle, Leisure in the Modern World, George Allen and Unwin, 1932
Carey, Gary, Anita Loos: A Biography, Alfred A. Knopf, 1988
Carpenter, Humphrey, Robert Runcie: The Reluctant Archbishop, Hodder and Stoughton, 1997
Chirnside, Mark, RMS Aquitania: The Ship Beautiful, History Press, 2008
Claridge, Laura, Emily Post: Daughter of the Gilded Age, Mistress of American Manners, Random House, 2009
Cooke, Alastair, America, BBC Publications, 1973
Coons, Lorraine and Varias, Alexander, Tourist Third Cabin: Steamship Travel in the Inter-War Years, Amberley Publishing, 2016
Cooper, Diana, Darling Monster: The Letters of Lady Diana Cooper to her son John Julius Norwich, 1939–1952, Chatto and Windus, 2013
Coward, Noël, Autobiography, Methuen, 1986
Cunard Daily Bulletin: Aquitania, 1914 (On-board daily newspaper produced for passengers travelling the Atlantic on Aquitania)
Cunard Line, 1918–25 (Staff magazine)
Czube, Kathleen Stromer, Emigrations on Tyrrhenia and Laconia. Typewritten Account of the Early Years of Marie Riffelmacher/Ruffelmacher, Dictated to and written up by her Grand-daughter Kathleen Stroemer Czuba, Cunard Archives
Davenport-Hines, Richard, Titanic Lives: Migrants and Millionaires, Conmen and Crew, Harper Press, 2012
Dawes, Frank Victor, Not in Front of the Servants, rev edn, Hutchinson, 1984 (First pub. Hutchinson, 1973)
Day, Susan, Art Deco and Modernist Carpets, Thames and Hudson, 2002
Delafield, E.M., The Provincial Lady in America: A Compendium Edition of Collection Novels, Amazon, n.d.
Dempsey, John, I’ve Seen Them All Naked, Alden Press, Oxford, 1992
Desert Island Discs, Tallulah Bankhead, interviewed by Roy Plomley, broadcast on BBC Home Service, 14 December 1964
Donaldson, Frances, P.G. Wodehouse: The Authorized Biography, Futura, 1983
Donzel, Catherine, Luxury Liners: Life on Board, Vendome Press, 2006
Duff Cooper, Alfred, Old Men Forget: The Autobiography of Duff Cooper, Rupert Hart-Davis, 1953
Duff-Gordon, Lucy, Discretions and Indiscretions: Edwardian Couturier, It Girl and Titanic Survivor, Spitfire Publications, 2019 (First pub. Frederick A. Stokes, 1932)
Duncan, Sylvia and Duncan, Peter, The Sea My Steed: The Personal Story of Captain Donald Sorrell, Robert Hale, 1960
Eaton, John P. and Haas, Charles A., Falling Star: Misadventures of White Star Line Ships, Patrick Stephens, 1990
Edington, Sarah, The Captain’s Table: Life and Dining on the Great Ocean Liners, Conway, 2011 (First pub. National Maritime Museum Publishing, 2005)
Eliot, Marc, Cary Grant: A Biography, Three Rivers Press, 2004
Etherington-Smith, Meredith and Pilcher, Jeremy, The ‘It’ Girls, Hamish Hamilton, 1986
Feifer, Maxine, Going Places: The Ways of the Tourist from Imperial Rome to the Present Day, Macmillan, 1985
Finamore, Daniel and Wood, Ghislaine (eds.), Ocean Liners: Glamour, Speed and Style, V&A Publishing, 2017
Flanner, Janet, Paris was Yesterday: 1925–1939, Virago, 2003
Fodor, Eugene (ed.), 1936 … On the Continent, facsimile edn of original 1936 pub., Fodor’s Travel Guides, 1985
Fort, Adrian, Nancy: The Story of Nancy Astor, Vintage Books, 2013
Fox, Stephen, Transatlantic: Samuel Cunard, Isambard Brunel, and the Great Atlantic Steamships, HarperCollins, 2003
Freeman, Roydon, Sea Travel, St Catherine Press, 1930
Fussell, Paul, Abroad: British Literary Travelling Between the Wars, Oxford University Press, 1982
Gardiner, Juliet, The Thirties: An Intimate History, HarperPress, 2011
Gellhorn, Martha, The Face of War, Granta Books, 1998
Gellhorn, Martha, Travels with Myself and Another: Five Journeys from Hell, E
land, 2002
Good Housekeeping Institute, A War Bride’s Guide to the USA (1945), republished by Collins & Brown / Anova, 2006
Gordon, Lois, Nancy Cunard: Heiress, Muse, Political Idealist, Columbia University Press, 2007
Hadfield, John (ed.), Cowardy Custard: The World of Noël Coward, Heinemann, 1973
Halsey III, Ashley, ‘The Queen Mary Saved Hundreds of Jews from the Nazis, even as St Louis was Turned Away’, Washington Post, 21 September 2019
Hemingway, Ernest, A Moveable Feast, Arrow Books, 2011 (First pub. 1964)
Hoare, Philip, Noël Coward: A Biography, Sinclair-Stevenson, 1995
Hunter-Cox, Jane, Ocean Pictures: The Golden Age of Transatlantic Travel, 1936–1959, Webb and Bower, 1989
Hurd, Archibald, A Merchant Fleet at War, Cassell,1920 (Book sourced by Sian Hicks, Cunard Archivist at Liverpool University SCA, reference R/HE 945.C9.H95) Consulted February 2017
Hurd, Archibald, History of the Great War: The Merchant Navy, Vol. 3, Spring 1917 to November 1918 (Part 2 of 2), John Murray, 1924
Hyde, Francis E., Cunard and the North Atlantic, 1840–1973, Macmillan Press, 1975
Jones, Captain John Treasure, (ed. Richard J. Tennant), Tramp to Queen, History Press, 2008.
Kaus, Gina, Luxury Liner, Cassell, 1932
Kerr, Michael, ‘A Transatlantic Tale’, Daily Telegraph, 4 February 2017
Layton, J. Kent, The Edwardian Superliners: A Trio of Trios, Amberley Publishing, 2012
Loos, Anita, Gentlemen Prefer Blondes, Penguin, 1998 (First pub. Boni and Liveright, 1925)
Lord, Walter, A Night to Remember, illus. edn Penguin, 1978 (First pub. Longmans, Green, 1956)
Lovell, Mary S., The Riviera Set, 1920–1960, Abacus, 2017
Mackrell, Judith, The Unfinished Palazzo: Life, Love and Art in Venice, Thames and Hudson, 2017
Margetson, Stella, The Long Party, Gordon Cremonesi, 1974
Mathair A’Chinn Suidhe – Trump’s Mother, broadcast on BBC Alba, 17 September 2019 (in Gaelic, with English subtitles)
Maxtone-Graham, John, The Only Way to Cross, Patrick Stephens, 1983 (First pub. as The North Atlantic Run, Cassell, 1972)
Maxtone-Graham, John, Crossing and Cruising: From the Golden Era of Ocean Liners to the Luxury Cruise Ships of Today, Charles Scribner, 1992
Maxtone-Graham, John, Normandie: France’s Legendary Art Deco Ocean Liner, W.W. Norton, 2007
Maxtone-Graham, John, Titanic Tragedy: A New Look at the Lost Liner, W.W. Norton, 2012
Maxtone-Graham, John (ed.), Titanic Survivor: The Memoirs of Violet Jessop, Stewardess, History Press, 2012
Maxwell, Elsa, RSVP: Elsa Maxwell’s Own Story, Little, Brown, 1954
McAllister, Ian Hugh, Lost Olympics: The Hilda James Story, emp3books, 2013. See also www.lostolympics.co.uk
McCutcheon, Janette, Cunard: A Photographic History, Tempus Publishing, 2004
Miller, William H., The Great Luxury Liners, 1927–1954, Dover Publications, 1981
Miller, William H. and Hawley, Brian, RMS Caronia: Cunard’s Green Goddess, History Press, 2011
Morton, Andrew, Wallis in Love, Michael O’Mara Books, 2018
Murphy, N.T.P., In Search of Blandings, Penguin, 1987
Murray, Roddy, ‘Into the Silent Funeral: the Iolaire Disaster’, Stornoway Gazette, 1994
Nixson, Maida M., Ring Twice for the Stewardess, John Long, 1954
Parris, Matthew (presenter), Great Lives on Josephine Baker, with Mica Paris, broadcast on BBC Radio 4, 18 May 2018
Piouffre, Gérard, First Class: Legendary Ocean Liner Voyages Around the World, Vendome Press, 2009
Powell, Violet, The Life of a Provincial Lady: A Study of E.M. Delafield and her Works, Heinemann, 1988
Preston, Diana, Wilful Murder: The Sinking of the Lusitania, Doubleday, 2002
Radic, Thérèse, Melba: The Voice of Australia, Palgrave Macmillan, 1986
Rhodes, Richard, Hedy’s Folly: The Life and Breakthrough Inventions of Hedy Lamarr, Vintage Books 2011
Scott, Jeremy, Women Who Dared To Break All the Rules, Oneworld Publications, 2019
Sowerbutts, Edith, Memoirs of a British Seaman Private Papers, unpublished manuscript, Imperial War Museum
Spedding, Charles T., Reminiscences of Transatlantic Travellers, T. Fisher Unwin, 1926
Stanley, Jo, From Cabin ‘Boys’ to Captains: 250 Years of Women at Sea, History Press, 2016
Steel Ships and Iron Men (one of the series Reel History of Britain, episode 12 of 20), broadcast on BBC2, 20 September 2011
Stuart, Andrea, Showgirls, Jonathan Cape, 1996
Sykes, Christopher, Nancy: The Life of Nancy Astor, Panther Books, 1979
Taylor, D. J., Bright Young People: The Lost Generation of London’s Jazz Age, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2007
Thorpe, D.R. (ed.), Who’s In, Who’s Out: The Journals of Kenneth Rose, Volume One, 1944–1979, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2018
Trayner, J.J. and Plumb, E.C., Ship’s Steward’s Handbook, Cunard Archives, shelving, Liverpool, SPEC 2015.a.001. Accessed 19 February 2018 (Small paperback book, listing duties and terminology for training ships stewards. Undated, probably early 1950s as it refers to government Acts etc. in the late 1940s)
Trumpington, Jean, Coming Up Trumps: A Memoir, Pan Books, 2015
Vanderbilt, Gloria and Furness, Lady Thelma, Double Exposure: A Twin Autobiography, Frederick Muller, 1959
Walker, Stanley, Mrs Astor’s Horse, Frederick A. Stokes, 1935
Warwick, Sam and Roussel, Mike, Shipwrecks of the Cunard Line, History Press, 2012
Williams, A. Susan, Ladies of Influence: Women of the Elite in Interwar Britain, Penguin Books, 2001
Williams, David L. and de Kerbrech, Richard P., Cabin Class Rivals, History Press, 2015
Wills, Elspeth, Stars Aboard, Open Agency, 2003
Wilson, Christopher, Dancing with the Devil: The Windsors and Jimmy Donahue, HarperCollins, 2000
Woodcock, Roger, Tyneside Cunarders, Newcastle City Libraries and Arts, 1990
Woon, Basil, The Frantic Atlantic: An Intimate Guide to the Well-Known Deep, Alfred A. Knopf, 1927
Wright, Carol, Cunard Cook Book, J.M. Dent, 1969
Ziegler, Philip, Diana Cooper, Penguin Books, 1983
Ziegler, Philip, Between the Wars: 1919–1939, MacLehose Press, 2016
Index
The index that appeared in the print version of this title does not match the pages in your e-book. Please use the search function on your e-reading device to search for terms of interest. For your reference, the terms that appear in the print index are listed below.
A
Abdication:
Act of Succession, 1701:
Adelphi Hotel, Liverpool:
Admiral Scheer, The:
Adriatic, The:
African-Americans:
Aguila, The:
Air France:
Air hostesses:
Air travel:
Alaunia, The:
Alcott, Louisa M.:
Algonquin set:
Alington 3rd Baron, Napier George Henry Sturt:
Alington, Dr Cyril Alington:
Allan, Lady:
Allan, Patricia:
Altenberg, Germany:
An American in Paris:
Anchor Line:
Andes, The:
Anglo-German Agreement (1935):
Anschluss (the Annexation of Austria by Germany, 1938):
Antheil, George:
Anti-Semitism:
Antwerp:
Aquitania, The:
Arabic, The:
Arandora Star, The:
Argentina, The:
Arlen, Michael:
Armistice:
Art Deco:
Art of the Deal, The:
Ashley, Laura:
Astaire, Fred and Adele:
Astor, Lady Nancy, MP:
Astor, Sir Waldorf:
Athenia, The:
Atlantic weather (see also Storms):
 
; ‘Atlantic Ferry, the’:
Atterbury, Paul:
Audacious, The:
Aurania, The:
Ausonia, The:
Austin, Janet:
B
Babies born while on board:
Baker, Josephine:
Baldwin, Stanley:
Ballrooms:
Baltic, The:
Banana Dance:
Bankhead, Tallulah:
Barbereens, see lady hairdresser:
Barnard, Bill:
Bates, Sir Percy, Chairman of Cunard:
Bathing attendants:
Baths, seawater:
Battle of Britain:
Battle of the Atlantic:
BBC, The (British Broadcasting Corporation):
Beagley, Heather:
Beaton, Cecil:
Beauty therapists:
Beauty salons:
Beaverbrook, Lord:
Bell, Nancy:
Bérard, Bébé:
Berengaria, The (formerly Imperator):
Bickerton, Trix:
Bisset, Commodore:
Bird, Marian ‘May’:
Blackmail:
Blériot, M. Louis:
Bloomingdale’s, New York:
Blue Star Line:
Blue Riband:
Board of Trade:
Boeing
Bonita, The:
Booth, Sir Alfred (Chairman of Cunard):
Booze cruise:
Boston:
Bothnia, SS:
Bouillon:
Bow, Clara:
Bowes-Lyon, Elizabeth (see also Duchess of York, and Queen Elizabeth):
Boyer, Charles:
Bremen:
Bremen, The:
Bride, Harold:
Bridge (see also Card-games):
Bright Young Things:
Britannia, HMS:
Britannic, HMHS:
British Empire:
British Empire Exhibition (1924):
British Union of Fascists: