Space Disasters

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by Michael Woods


  Memorial Website, 2006, http://www.reagan

  3 (1996):179–81.

  foundation.org/reagan/speeches/challenger.asp

  37 Ibid.

  (September 22, 2006).

  37 Ibid.

  20 Mark Wade, “Soyuz 11,” Astronautix.com, 2006, http://www.astronautix.com/flights/soyuz11.htm

  37 Ibid.

  (August 23, 2006).

  58

  37 Clive Cookson, “News: World Trade: Scientists

  47 Jon Jeter, “At Least 21 Die in Rocket Blast at Brazil Aghast as 10 Years Work Is Lost,” Financial Times

  Base; Fire in Engine Causes Explosion during Pre-

  (London), June 5, 1996, 6.

  Launch Tests; 20 Hurt,” Washington Post, August 23, 2003, A14.

  37 Tom Wilkie, “Bang! Went $7 Bn Research, Pounds

  500m in Kit, 10 Years Work, Dozens of Scientists’

  47 Taipei Times, “Brazil Shocked at Rocket Deaths,”

  Careers and, Probably, Europe’s Future in Space,”

  August 24, 2003, http://www.taipeitimes.com/

  Independent (London), June 5, 1996, 1.

  News/world/archives/2003/08/24/2003065045

  (September 16, 2006).

  43 Dave English, comp., “Great Aviation Quotes,”

  Skygod.com, 2006, http://www.skygod.com/

  47 Jeter, “At Least 21 Die.”

  quotes/space.html (September 24, 2006).

  53 English, “Great Aviation Quotes.”

  59

  Selected Bibliography

  Cable News Network. “Lost: Space Shuttle Columbia.”

  National Aeronautics and Space Administration.

  August 23, 2003. http://www.cnn.com/

  “Experience NASA.” NASA. August 25, 2006.

  SPECIALS/2003/shuttle/8/23/2003 (August 28,

  http://www.nasa.gov/externalflash/nasa_gen/

  2006).

  (September 1, 2006).

  Challenger Center for Space Science Education. 2006.

  ———. “Space Shuttle Columbia and Her Crew.”

  http://www.challenger.org (August 25, 2006).

  NASA. August 23, 2006. http://www.nasa.gov/

  columbia/home/index.html (August 27, 2006).

  Husband, Evelyn. High Calling: The Courageous Life and Faith of Space Shuttle Columbia Commander Rick

  National Air and Space Museum. “Apollo to the

  Husband. Nashville: Thomas Nelson, 2003.

  Moon.” NASA. N.d. http://www.nasm.si.edu/

  exhibitions/attm/attm.html (August 26, 2006).

  Imaginova Corporation. “Mission Columbia: Marathon

  Research in Space.” 1999. http://www.space.com/

  PBS. “The Loss of the Shuttle Columbia.” News Hour shuttlemissions (July 2, 2006).

  with Jim Lehrer. August 28, 2003. http://www.pbs

  .org/newshour/bb/science/columbia/ (August 27,

  Lawrence, Richard Russell. The Mammoth Book of Space 2006).

  Exploration and Disasters. London: Robinson, 2005.

  Reichhardt, Tony. Space Shuttle: The First 20 Years. New Lovell, James, and Jeffrey Kluger. Lost Moon: The Perilous York: Dorling Kindersley, 2002.

  Voyage of Apollo 13. New York: Houghton Mifflin, 1994.

  Rense, Jeff, ed. “Space Disasters Since Exploration

  Began.” Rense.com. 2003. http://www.rense

  Macidull, John C. Challenger’s Shadow: Did Government

  .com/general34/did.htm (September 1, 2006).

  and Industry Management Kill Seven Astronauts?

  Coral Springs, FL: Lumina Press, 2002.

  Spignesi, Stephen J. The 100 Greatest Disasters of All Time. New York: Kensington, 2002.

  Mullane, R. Mike. Riding Rockets: The Outrageous Tales of a Space Shuttle Astronaut. New York: Scribner, 2006.

  60

  Further Resources

  BOOKS

  Koppes, Steven. Killer Rocks from Outer Space: Asteroids, Comets, and Meteors. Minneapolis: Twenty-First Bortz, Fred. Catastrophe! Great Engineering Failure-and Century Books, 2004. This book explores the

  Success. New York: W. H. Freeman and Company,

  impact of asteroids, comets, and meteors hitting

  1995. Bortz explains the Challenger disaster and Earth, from sixty-five million years ago, when the

  five other engineering failures.

  dinosaurs became extinct, to modern times.

  Briggs, Carole S. Women in Space. Minneapolis: Twenty-Lieurance, Suzanne. The Space Shuttle Challenger First Century Books, 1999. This book profiles

  Disaster in American History. Springfield, NJ: women who have contributed in every way to

  Enslow, 2001. This book emphasizes the historical

  the exploration of space.

  impact of the Challenger tragedy. The book

  Chrisp, Peter. Space Station: Accident on MIR. New York: includes information about the astronauts who

  Dorling Kindersley, 2000. This book explains a

  lost their lives.

  near-fatal accident on the Russian space station

  Verger, Fernand. The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Space: Mir, which nearly collided with a supply ship.

  Missions, Applications, and Exploration. New York: Cole, Michael D. Apollo13: Space Emergency. Springfield, Cambridge University Press, 2003. This book is a

  NJ: Enslow, 1995. This is the terrifying story of

  valuable reference resource for people interested

  the accident on Apollo 13, which almost killed the in how governments use space exploration.

  crew.

  Vogt, Gregory. Disasters in Space Exploration. Brookfield, Dyson, Marianne J. Space Station Science: Life in Free Fall.

  CT: Millbrook, 2003. Vogt provides a clear expla-

  New York: Scholastic, 1999. The author, a former

  nation of the dangers involved in space explo-

  NASA mission control specialist, explains the

  ration, with an interesting analysis of the Columbia workings of the International Space Station.

  accident of 2003.

  Fahey, Kathleen. Challenger and Columbia. Milwaukee: Woodford, Chris. Air and Space Travel. New York: Facts Gareth Stevens, 2005. This title for young readers

  on File, 2004. This book gives an overview of the

  examines both space shuttle disasters, which

  history of flight, from very early attempts to the

  horrified the world and forced NASA to

  International Space Station.

  reexamine its safety systems.

  61

  WEBSITES AND FILMS

  Blast Off: True Stories from the Final Frontier. VHS. New NASA Kids Main Page

  York: Discovery Channel, 1999.

  http://www.nasa.gov/audience/forkids/home/

  Actor Ed Harris narrates this video, which pro-

  index.html

  vides an overview of the various people involved

  This site from NASA includes plenty of fun activi-

  in a space project.

  ties to teach you about space. You can even make

  a gingerbread rocket.

  History of Space Exploration

  http://www.solarviews.com/eng/history.htm

  The Race to the Moon. DVD. New York: History

  This website offers a wonderful collection of

  Channel, 2004.

  information about space programs in the United

  Join reporter Mike Wallace as he explains the

  States and other countries, with photos and sum-

  early days of the space program, with all its suc-

  maries of the missions.

  cesses and failures.

  IMAX: Space Station. DVD. Mississauga, ON: IMAX

  To the Moon and Back

  Corporation, 2002.

  http://www.fi.edu/pieces/hiley/

  This movie takes you on a trip from the Kennedy

  The Science Museum of London and t
he Franklin

  Space Center in Florida to the International Space

  Institute of Philadelphia maintain this site, which

  Station in orbit above Earth.

  contains information about Apollo 8, the first piloted trip to the Moon. Here you can also find

  NASA: Fifty Years of Space Exploration. DVD. New York: an interactive quiz and neat jigsaw puzzles.

  Discovery Channel, 2003.

  This five-DVD set examines the triumphs and

  Women of NASA

  tragedies of the U.S. space program.

  http://quest.arc.nasa.gov/women/intro.html

  At this website, visitors will learn all about

  women who have worked in the U.S. space

  program.

  62

  Index

  air pressure, 16, 18, 21, 42

  ESA (European Space Agency), 36,

  NASA (National Aeronautics and

  Anderson, Michael P., 9

  37

  Space Administration), 10, 12,

  Apollo 1, 12, 13, 23, 28

  16, 30, 32, 40, 42, 44, 48

  Apollo 13, 30

  Federal Aviation Administration, 52

  Apollo program, 12

  Flowers, Nick, 37

  O’Neill, Noel, 26

  Ariane 5, 16, 36, 37

  French Guiana, 37

  Organization for Economic Co-

  Arlington National Cemetery, 44

  future spacecrafts, 48

  operation and Development,

  asteroids, 28

  18

  astronaut, origin of, 8

  Gallacher, Andy, 5

  Orion, 50

  Atlantis space shuttle, 18, 30

  Grissom, Virgil, 12, 13

  atmosphere, 23, 23

  ground, 6, 32, 34, 38, 40

  Patsayev, Viktor, 20

  Babbitt, Donald, 13

  Haise, Fred, Jr., 30

  radar, 18

  Beagle 2, 10

  Hubble Space Telescope, 32, 33

  Reagan, Ronald, 17, 44

  Brasileiro, Romeo, 47

  Husband, Rick, 4

  recovery, 38, 40, 42

  Brazil, 23, 46

  Robinson, Stephen, 34

  insulation, 4, 14, 15, 16, 23, 40, 44

  rockets, 15, 16, 23, 36, 37, 46, 47,

  Cape Canaveral, FL, 23

  ISS (International Space Station),

  50

  causes, 14; explosions, 6, 16,

  32, 34, 42, 48

  23, 27, 30, 37, 38, 47, 50; fire,

  Salyut space station, 20

  6, 13, 47; gas, 13, 16, 38

  John F. Kennedy Space Center, 4,

  satellites, 18, 23, 32, 36, 46

  Chaffee, Roger, 12, 13

  11, 13, 26, 44

  Smith, Michael, 27

  Challenger space shuttle, 15, 16,

  Soviet Union, 8, 20

  26–27, 28, 30, 32, 44, 48

  launch, 22, 26, 36

  Soyuz 11, 16, 20–21, 28, 42, 48

  Columbia space shuttle, 4, 6, 16, 23,

  Lipscomb, Alisa, 27

  spacecraft parts, 15

  28, 30, 32, 34, 40, 44, 48

  Loskarn, Ryan, 27

  space junk, 14, 18, 24, 52

  Constellation program, 48, 50

  Lovell, James, Jr., 30

  space tourists, 10, 52

  Conway, SC, 27

  sun particles, 36

  cosmonauts, 8, 20, 48

  Magee, John Gillespie, Jr., 17, 44.

  Swigert, John, Jr., 30

  cost, 6, 30, 34, 47, 48, 50

  See also Reagan, Ronald

  Mars, 10, 48

  temperatures, 14, 23

  danger zones, 24–25

  McAuliffe, Christa, 26, 28

  Texas, 4, 5, 40

  death statistics, 8

  McNair, Ronald, 27

  Tito, Dennis, 52

  Discovery space shuttle, 30, 32, 34,

  meteoroid, 18

  40

  micrometeoroids, 42

  Veigas Filho, Jose 47

  Dobrovolsky, Georgy, 20, 21

  Moon, 12, 30, 48

  Volkov, Vladislaw, 20, 21

  Morgan, Barbara, 28

  Endeavour space shuttle, 30, 32

  Murdin, Paul, 37

  White, Edward, 12, 13

  worms, 48

  63

  Photo Acknowledgments

  The images in this book are used with the permission of: NASA/HQ/GRIN, pp. 1, 12, 30, 54 (top); NASA/

  JPL-Caltech/GSFC, all page backgrounds; NASA/KSC, pp. 3, 5, 16, 23, 29, 39, 44 (top), 53; AP Photo/Jason Hutchinson, p. 4; AP Photo/NASA, p. 6; © NASA/ZUMA Press, p. 7; NASA/JSC, p. 8 (left), 13, 17, 18, 26, 28, 33, 43, 54 (middle and bottom), 55 (middle); AP Photo, p. 8 (right); © AFP/Getty Images, p. 9; AP Photo/

  Michael Probst, p. 10; AP Photo/Paul Kizzle, p. 11; NASA/SSC, p. 14; © Bill Hauser/Independent Picture Service, pp. 15 (both), 24–25; © NASA/Getty Images, pp. 19, 34 (bottom); © Bettmann/CORBIS, p. 20; © Hulton-Deutsch Collection/CORBIS, p. 21; © Mark Wilson/Getty Images, p. 22; © Keith Myers/CORBIS, p. 27 (top); AP Photo/Middlesex News, Paul Kapteyn, p. 27 (bottom); NASA, pp. 31, 35, 40, 49; © NASA TV/EPA/

  CORBIS, p. 32; © NASA/Action Press/ZUMA Press, p. 34 (top); © Alain Nogues/CORBIS SYGMA, p. 36; AP Photo/APTV, p. 37 (both); © National Weather Service/Getty Images, p. 41; © Karen Bleier/AFP/Getty Images, p. 44 (bottom); © Reuters/CORBIS, pp. 46, 47 (top); AP Photo/Alexandre Meneghini, p. 47 (bottom); AP Photo/Joe Skipper, p. 50; AP Photo/Pablo Martinez Monsivais, p. 51; AP Photo/Russian Space Agency, p. 52;

  © NASA-TV/Getty Images, p. 55 (top); AP Photo/Dr. Scott Lieberman, p. 55 (bottom).

  Front Cover: NASA/JSC (main); NASA/JPL-Caltech/GSFC (background).

  Back Cover: NASA/JPL-Caltech/GSFC.

  About the Authors

  Michael Woods is a science and medical journalist in Washington, D.C., who has won many national writing awards. Mary B. Woods is a school librarian. Their past books include the eight-volume Ancient Technology series. The Woodses have four children. When not writing, reading, or enjoying their grandchildren, the Woodses travel to gather material for future books.

  64

  THIS PAGE

  INTENTIONALLY

  LEFT BLANK

  “A shower of. . .glowing fragments

  “A shower of. . .glowing fragm

  sprayed into the sky,

  trailing smoke and burning fuel.

  All around m

  A

  e,

  ll around m

  most of the spectators fell silent.

  —Scientist Paul Murdin, describ

  the European rocket Ariane 5

  ”

  —Scientist Paul Murdin, describing the explosion of

  the European rocket Ariane 5 on the launch pad in 1996

  Imagine watching a space shuttle on the launchpad, ready to blast off into orbit. Astronauts have embarked on some of the most amazing adventures and made incredible discoveries. Yet sadly some the most well-planned launches have ended in tragedy. In fifty years of space travel, space disasters have claimed the lives of more than twenty astronauts and one

  hundred space workers. In

  read about these

  two of the worst disasters,

  space shuttles exploded,

  Air Disasters

  Floods

  killing all the astronauts

  Avalanches

  Hurricanes

  onboard. With dramatic

  Blizzards

  Mudflows and

  Landslides

  images and eyewitness

  Disasters at Sea

  Space Disasters

  accounts—plus the latest

  Droughts

  Tornadoes

  facts and figures—this

  Earthquakes

  Tsunamis

  book gives you a close-up

  Environmental
/>
  Disasters

  Volcanoes

  look at space disasters.

  Fires

 

 

 


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