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Ready For a Brand New Beat

Page 25

by Mark Kurlansky


  ———. At Canaan’s Edge: America in the King Years 1965–68. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2006.

  Brown, H. Rap. Die Nigger Die!. Chicago: Lawrence Hill Books, 2002.

  Buckley, David. Strange Fascination: David Bowie: The Definitive Story. Revised and updated. London: Virgin Publishing, 1999.

  Carmichael, Stokely, with Ekwueme Michael Thelwell. Ready for Revolution: The Life and Struggles of Stokely Carmichael [Kwame Ture]. New York: Scribner, 2003.

  Carson, Clayborne, David J. Garrow, Gerald Gill, Vincent Harding, Darlene Clark Hine, eds. The Eyes on the Prize Civil Rights Reader: Documents, Speeches, and Firsthand Accounts from the Black Freedom Struggle, 1954–1990. New York: Viking, 1991.

  Cateforis, Theo, ed. The Rock History Reader. New York: Routledge, 2007.

  Charters, Ann. The Portable Sixties Reader. New York: Penguin Classics, 2003.

  Cohen, Rachel. A Chance Meeting: Intertwined Lives of American Writers and Artists. London: Jonathan Cape, 2004.

  Collins, Lisa Gail, and Margo Natalie Crawford, eds. New Thoughts on the Black Arts Movement. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 2006.

  Collins, Ronald K. L., and Sam Chaltain. We Must Not Be Afraid to Be Free: Stories of Free Expression in America. New York: Oxford University Press, 2011.

  Cruse, Harold. The Crisis of the Negro Intellectual: From Its Origins to the Present. New York: William Morrow, 1967.

  Dalton, David, ed. Rolling Stones: An Unauthorized Biography in Words, Photographs, and Music. New York: Amsco Music Publishing, 1972.

  Dannen, Fredric. Hit Men. New York: Vintage Books, 1991.

  D’Emilio, John. Lost Prophet: The Life and Times of Bayard Rustin. New York: Free Press, 2003.

  Doggett, Peter. There’s a Riot Going On: Revolutionaries, Rock Stars, and the Rise and Fall of ’60s Counter-Culture. Melbourne: Canongate, 2007.

  Dr. Licks. Standing in the Shadows of Motown: The Life and Music of Legendary Bassist James Jamerson. Wynnewood, PA: Hal Leonard Publishing, 1989.

  Early, Gerald. One Nation Under a Groove: Motown and American Culture. Hopewell, NJ: Ecco Press, 1995.

  Ehrenreich, Barbara. Dancing in the Streets: A History of Collective Joy. New York: Metropolitan Books, 2006.

  Ellison, Ralph. Shadow & Act. New York: Random House, 1964.

  Farber, David. The Sixties: From Memory to History. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1994.

  Gavrilovich, Peter, and Bill McGraw, eds. The Detroit Almanac: 300 Years of Life in the Motor City. Detroit: Detroit Free Press, 2000.

  George, Nelson. Where Did Our Love Go? The Rise & Fall of the Motown Sound. Sydney: Omnibus Press, 1985.

  ———. The Death of Rhythm & Blues. New York: Pantheon Books, 1988.

  Goldstein, Gordon M. Lessons in Disaster: McGeorge Bundy and the Path to War in Vietnam. New York: Times Books, 2008.

  Gordy, Berry Jr. To Be Loved: The Music, the Magic, the Memories of Motown. New York: Warner Books, 1994.

  Gordy, Berry Sr. Movin’ Up: Pop Gordy Tells His Story. New York: Harper & Row, 1979.

  Halberstam, David. The Fifties. New York: Villard Books, 1993.

  Harris, William J., ed. The LeRoi Jones/Amiri Baraka Reader. New York: Thunder’s Mouth Press, 1991.

  Hayden, Tom. The Long Sixties: From 1960 to Barack Obama. Boulder, CO: Paradigm Publishers, 2009.

  ———. Rebel: A Personal History of the 1960s. Los Angeles: Red Hen Press, 2003.

  ———. Rebellion in Newark. New York: Vintage Books, 1967.

  Hirshey, Gerry. Nowhere to Run: The Story of Soul Music. New York: Times Books, 1984.

  Horne, Gerald. The Watts Uprising and the 1960s. New York: Da Capo Press, 1997.

  Jones, LeRoi (Amiri Baraka). Blues People: Negro Music in White America. New York: William Morrow, 1963.

  ———. Black Music. New York: William Morrow, 1967.

  ———. Digging: The Afro-American Soul of American Classical Music. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2009.

  Kane, Larry. Ticket To Ride: Inside the Beatles’ 1964 and 1965 Tours That Changed The World. Philadelphia: Running Press, 2003.

  Kempton, Arthur. Boogaloo: The Quintessence of American Popular Music. New York: Pantheon Books, 2003.

  Kerner Report: The 1968 Report of the National Advisory Commission on Civil Disorders. New York: Pantheon Books, 1988.

  Kurlansky, Mark. 1968: The Year That Rocked the World. New York: Ballantine Books, 2004.

  ———. Nonviolence: Twenty-Five Lessons from the History of a Dangerous Idea. New York: Modern Library, 2006.

  Lewis, John, with Michael D’Orso. Walking with the Wind: A Memoir of the Movement. New York: Harcourt Brace, 1998.

  Lipsitz, George. Time Passages: Collective Memory and American Popular Culture. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1990.

  Lynskey, Dorian. 33 Revolutions per Minute: A History of Protest Songs, from Billie Holiday to Green Day. New York: Ecco Press, 2011.

  Maclin, Frances. I Remember Motown: When We Were Just Family. Tulsa, OK: Yorkshire Publishing Group, 2010.

  Martin, Bradford D. The Theater Is in the Street: Politics and Public Performance in Sixties America. Amherst and Boston: University of Massachusetts Press, 2004.

  Martin, Linda, and Kerry Segrave. Anti-Rock: The Opposition to Rock ’n’ Roll. New York: Da Capo Press, 1993.

  Montague, Magnificent, with Bob Baker. Burn, Baby! Burn!: The Autobiography of Magnificent Montague. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2003.

  Neal, Mark Anthony. What the Music Said: Black Popular Music and Black Public Culture. New York and London: Routledge, 1999.

  ———. Songs in the Key of Black Life: A Rhythm and Blues Nation. New York and London: Routledge, 2003.

  Payne, Charles M. I’ve Got the Light of Freedom: The Organizing Tradition and The Mississippi Freedom Struggle. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1996.

  Perry, Eugene H. A Socrates for All Seasons: Alexander Meiklejohn and Deliberative Democracy. Bloomington, IN: iUniverse Publishing, 2011.

  Posner, Gerald. Motown: Music, Money, Sex, and Power. New York: Random House, 2002.

  Ransby, Barbara. Ella Baker and the Black Freedom Movement: A Radical Democratic Vision. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2003.

  Reeves, Martha, and Mark Bego. Dancing in the Street: Confessions of a Motown Diva. New York: Hyperion, 1994.

  Reporting Civil Rights: Part Two: American Journalism 1963 to 1973. Washington, DC: Library of America, 2003.

  Ritz, David. Divided Soul: The Life of Marvin Gaye. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1985.

  Rosemont, Franklin, and Charles Radcliffe, eds. Dancin’ in the Streets! Anarchists, IWWs, Surrealists, Situationists & Provos in the 1960s as recorded in the Pages of The Rebel Worker and Heatwave. Chicago: Charles H. Kerr, 2005.

  Sloan, Alfred P., Jr. My Years with General Motors. New York: Doubleday, 1963.

  Smith, Suzanne E. Dancing in the Street: Motown and the Cultural Politics of Detroit. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1999.

  Sullivan, Denise. Keep Pushing: Black Power Music from Blues to Hip Hop. Chicago: Lawrence Hill Books, 2011.

  Van Deburg, William L. New Day in Babylon: The Black Power Movement and American Culture, 1965–1975. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1992.

  Ward, Brian. Just My Soul Responding: Rhythm and Blues, Black Consciousness, and Race Relations. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1998.

  Watson, Bruce. Freedom Summer: The Savage Summer That Made Mississippi Burn and Made America a Democracy. New York: Penguin Books, 2010.

  Weissman, Dick. Talkin’ ’Bout a Revolution: Music and Social Change in America. New York: Backbeat Books, 2010.

  Werner, Craig. A Change Is Gonna Come: Music, Race & the Soul of America. R
evised and updated. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2006.

  White, Theodore H. The Making of the President 1964: A Narrative History of American Politics in Action. New York: Atheneum, 1965.

  Wilson, Mary, with Patricia Romanowski and Ahrgus Julliard. Dreamgirl: My Life as a Supreme. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1986.

  Wright, Nathan, Jr. Ready to Riot. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1968.

  Zinn, Howard. SNCC: The New Abolitionists. Boston: Beacon Press, 1964.

  Articles

  Chronology of Unsigned Articles

  “Who the Biggest Hoodlums Are.” Newsweek, April 23, 1956, p. 31.

  “Freed Is Indicted over Rock ’n’ Roll.” New York Times, May 9, 1958.

  “Rock ’n’ Roll Rolls On ’n’ On.” Life, December 22, 1958.

  “Clay Takes a Jab at Civil Rights Bill.” New York Times, May 20, 1964.

  “Changes in Mass Are Made Public.” New York Times, May 22, 1964.

  “Negroes Are Found to Be Uninterested in Mixed Marriage.” New York Times, May 25, 1964.

  “Equal Job Laws Exist in 26 States.” New York Times, June 7, 1964.

  “Civil Rights Bill Passed, 73–27.” New York Times, June 20, 1964.

  “Picture Phones Go into Service.” New York Times, June 25, 1964.

  “Kennedy Labels Oswald a Misfit.” New York Times, June 30, 1964.

  “The Harlem Riots.” Life, July 31, 1964.

  “Message Time.” Time, September 17, 1965.

  “The Biggest Car.” Time, April 1, 1966.

  “Is Beatlemania Dead?” Time, September 2, 1966.

  Signed Articles

  Alterman, Loraine. “Meet the Graduates of the Motown Sound.” New York Times, July 28, 1974.

  Altham, Keith. “The Rolling Stones: The Banned Stones Cover.” NME [New Musical Express], 1968.

  Auchmutey, Jim. “Al-Amin: A Life Layered with Irony.” Atlanta Journal-Constitution, March 18, 2001.

  Bedingfield, Robert E. “G.M. Auto Sales Are Highest Ever.” New York Times, May 23, 1964.

  Benjamin, Philip. “Kirk Tells 6,273 Graduates at Columbia That the American Dream Is Over.” New York Times, June 3, 1964.

  Bigart, Homer. “Eggs Are Thrown at Barnett Here.” New York Times, May 22, 1964.

  Frankel, Max. “U.S. Reaffirms Its Objective in Southeast Asia.” New York Times, June 7, 1964.

  Franklin, Ben A. “Troops May Stay in Cambridge, Md.” New York Times, June 7, 1964.

  Gansberg, Martin. “Mayors Warned on Racial Issue.” New York Times, May 25, 1964.

  Gould, Jack. “Elvis Presley: Lack of Responsibility Is Shown by TV in Exploiting Teen-Agers.” New York Times, September 13, 1956.

  Greene, Andy. “Mick Jagger: Stone Alone.” Rolling Stone, October 4, 2007.

  Havemann, Ernest. “The Emptiness of Too Much Leisure.” Life, February 14, 1964.

  Hechinger, Fred M. “Class of ’64.” New York Times, June 7, 1964.

  Hoskyns, Barney. “David Bowie: Ziggy Stardust, Now a Man of Wealth and Taste.” Independent, June 15, 2002.

  Kihss, Peter. “Goldwater Warns Graduates over ‘Illusion of Coexistence.’” New York Times, June 8, 1964.

  Killens, John Oliver. “Explanation of the ‘Black Psyche.’” New York Times Magazine, June 7, 1964.

  Landau, Jon. “A Whiter Shade of Black.” Crawdaddy 11, September–October 1967.

  Lingeman, Richard R. “The Big, Happy, Beating Heart of the Detroit Sound.” New York Times, November 27, 1966.

  MacDonald, Ian. “Laura Nyro: The Five-Year, Five-Album Span of High-Pressure Creativity.” NME, June 29, 1974.

  McKinley Jr., James C. “At the Protests, the Message Lacks a Melody.” New York Times, October 18, 2011.

  Parke, Richard H. “Small Cars Prove Poor Seconds in Crashes with Bigger Models.” New York Times, June 2, 1964.

  Samuels, Gertrude. “Why They Rock ’n’ Roll—And Should They?” New York Times Magazine, January 12, 1958.

  Snellings, Rolland. “Keep On Pushin’: Rhythm & Blues as a Weapon.” Liberator, October 1965.

  Thigpen, David. “Her Second Act.” Time, November 26, 2006.

  Vitullo-Martin, Julia. “The Day the Music Died.” Wall Street Journal, July 20, 2007.

  Watts, Daniel H. “Black Power.” Liberator, September 1966.

  Wenner, Jann S. “Jagger Remembers.” Rolling Stone, December 14, 1995.

  PHOTO CREDITS

  Martha and the Vandellas: courtesy Associated Press

  Chuck Berry: courtesy Library of Congress, Prints & Photographs Division, NYWT&S Collection, LC-USZ62-123602

  Hitsville U.S.A.: © Michael Ochs Archives/Getty Images

  Cholly Atkins and the Four Tops: © Michael Ochs Archives/Corbis

  July 1964 race riot in Harlem: courtesy Library of Congress, Prints & Photographs Division, NYWT&S Collection, LC-USZ62-136929

  Sam Cooke: courtesy Library of Congress, Prints & Photographs Division, NYWT&S Collection, LC-USZ62-107994

  Los Angeles police hustling rioter into car: courtesy Library of Congress, Prints & Photographs Division, NYWT&S Collection, LC-USZ62-113634

  Amiri Baraka: courtesy Library of Congress, Prints & Photographs Division, NYWT&S Collection, LC-USZ62-115116

  Martin Luther King Jr.: courtesy Library of Congress, Prints & Photographs Division, NYWT&S Collection, LC-USZ62-115299

  Frank Sinatra and Elvis Presley: © Bettmann/Corbis

  The Beatles with Ed Sullivan: courtesy Library of Congress, Prints & Photographs Division, NYWT&S Collection, LC-USZ62-124522

  Berry Gordy with the Supremes: © Michael Ochs Archives/Corbis

  Fire in Detroit on July 24, 1967: © Bettmann/Corbis

  Marvin Gaye: Associated Press

  David Bowie and Mick Jagger: © Redferns/Getty

  INDEX

  The page numbers in this index refer to the printed version of this book. To find the corresponding locations in the text of this digital version, please use the “search” function on your e-reader. Note that not all terms may be searchable.

  Adedapo, Naima, 233

  Adler, Lou, 180–81

  African Americans. See black music; black power movement; civil rights movement

  “Age of Purpose, The” (Asim), 229

  Ali, Muhammad (formerly Cassius Clay), 54, 114–15, 130

  Ali, Tariq, 205, 206

  American Idol, 233

  Anderson, Marian, 80

  Anna record label, 84, 98

  Armstrong, Louis, 6

  Arnaz, Desi, 17

  ASCAP-BMI rivalry, 34, 39

  Ashford, Jack, 74, 145, 213

  Ashford, Rosalind, 91, 97–98, 146. See also Martha and the Vandellas

  Asim, Jabari, 229

  Atkins, Cholly, 123–24

  Baez, Joan, 103, 133, 220

  Baker, Ella, 105

  Baldwin, James, 27, 115, 163–64, 166, 174

  Ballard, Florence, 95–96, 128

  Baraka, Amiri (formerly LeRoi Jones)

  on African musical traditions, 4, 191

  Black Arts Movement, 173

  on blacks as nonconformists, 101

  “Black People!” on rationale for violence, 184–85

  Blues People, 4, 191

  on “Dancing in the Street,” 189, 192

  on how whites and blacks view one another, 164

  multifaceted background of, 8

  on political significance of Vandellas songs, 192

  on R&B, 5, 9

  on South for blacks, 53

  on white audience for swing music, 6

  on white exploitation of black music, 203–4, 230

  Barnett, Ross, 115

  Barnum, H. B. (Hidle Brown), 26, 218
<
br />   Bascomb, Wilbur, 221

  Battiste, Harold, 28

  Beard, Annette, 91, 97–98, 146

  Beatles, The

  hits of, 129, 155, 179

  influence of black music on, 130

  integrated sessions of, 219

  political edginess of, 175

  publicity pose with Cassius Clay, 130

  relationship with Motown, 132–33

  revitalization of record industry, 132

  U.S. tours of, xvi–xvii, 130–31, 152–53

  bebop, 24–25, 63

  Benjamin, Benny, 76, 94, 144–45

  Benjaminson, Peter, 212

  Bennett, Tony, 32, 33–34

  Berry, Chuck, 1, 21, 23, 25, 26, 40, 41, 42, 81, 130, 131, 139, 191, 194, 198, 204

  Berry, Richard, 190

  Big Chill, The, 228–30

  Billboard magazine, 7, 31, 108, 152, 159

  Black, Cilla, 178–79

  Black Arts Movement, 173–74

  Blackboard Jungle, 19–21, 22–23

  “Black Boy Looks at the White Boy, The” (Baldwin), 163

  Black Forum record label, 102, 104

  black music. See also crossover; R&B

  body movement with, 9–10

  45 rpm single recordings of, 13

  girl groups of, 47–48, 89

  gospel, 7–8, 10, 28, 48–49, 88

  masked meanings of, 191–92, 193–94

  naming of cities in, 139–40

  protest and freedom songs of, 19, 102–3, 171–72

  “race music” designation of, 7

  roots of, 3–5, 16–17, 102

  sanitizing and whitening of, 19, 36–37

  technological advances affecting, 12–14

  “Black People!” (Baraka), 184–85

  black power movement

  birth of, 107

  black, as term, 2–3

  Black Arts Movement, 173–74

  Black Muslims, 114

  “Black National Anthem” (aka “Lift Every Voice and Sing”), 173

  Black Panther organization, 154, 189

  black pride of, 2–3

  black power, as phrase, 161

  “Dancing in the Street” as anthem for, 172, 186–89, 192

 

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