by Dick Cheney
“the anticipated agreement”: Dr. Robert Joseph, Testimony, House Committee on Foreign Affairs, Subcommittee on the Middle East and North Africa, June 10, 2015.
non-nuclear purposes: Secretary Jack Lew, Remarks at Washington Institute for Near East Policy, April 29, 2015, http://www.washingtoninstitute.org/policy-analysis/view/remarks-of-treasury-secretary-jacob-j.-lew.
refrain from reimposing: Robert Satloff, “What’s Really Wrong with the Iran Deal,” New York Daily News, July 14, 2015, http://www.nydailynews.com/opinion/robert-satloff-wrong-iran-nuclear-deal-article-1.2292264.
“border of Jordan”: Doran, “Obama’s Secret Iran Strategy.”
fix the label: Hillary Rodham Clinton, Hard Choices (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2014), p. 206.
“other had to lose”: President Barack Obama, Remarks at the New Economic School, Moscow, July 2009.
“theory of the world”: David Remnick, “Watching the Eclipse,” New Yorker, August 11, 2014.
“even the EU today”: Open Letter to the Obama Administration from Central and Eastern Europe, July 15, 2009, http://wyborcza.pl/1,98817,6825987,An_Open_Letter_to_the_Obama_Administration_from_Central.html.
installations in Poland: Megan K. Stack, “Poles Indignant That U.S. Altered Missile-Shield Plans,” Los Angeles Times, September 29, 2009.
“false sense of security”: Bret Stephens, “The Meltdown,” Commentary, September 1, 2014.
“more flexibility”: J. David Goodman, “Microphone Captures a Candid Obama,” New York Times, March 26, 2012, http://www.nytimes.com/2012/03/27/us/politics/obama-caught-on-microphone-telling-medvedev-of-flexibility.html?_r=0.
so strenuously opposed: David M. Herszenhorn and Michael Gordon, “U.S. Cancels Part of Missile Defense that Russia Opposed,” New York Times, March 16, 2013, http://www.nytimes.com/2013/03/17/world/europe/with-eye-on-north-korea-us-cancels-missile-defense-russia-opposed.html.
Snowden to Moscow: Isabel Gorst and Joby Warrick, “Snowden Leaves Moscow Airport to Live in Russia,” Washington Post, August 1, 2013, http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/europe/snowden-leaves-moscow-airport-to-live-in-russia/2013/08/01/2f2d1aba-faa9-11e2-a369-d1954abcb7e3_story.html.
Whether Snowden was a Russian operative: See, for example, Edward Lucas, The Snowden Operation: Inside the West’s Greatest Intelligence Disaster (Kindle Single), Amazon Digital Services, Inc., January 23, 2014.
He “called in”: Lukas I. Alpert, “Snowden Appears on Putin Call-in Show,” Wall Street Journal, April 17, 2014, http://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052702304311204579507422585333620.
New START as a “serious step”: Michael D. Shear, “Obama, Medvedev Sign Treaty To Reduce Nuclear Weapons,” Washington Post, April 8, 2010, http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/04/08/AR2010040801677.html?sid=ST2010040801040.
“bolster our national security”: Secretary of State Hillary Clinton, Remarks at United States Institute of Peace, October 21, 2009, http://www.usip.org/sites/default/files/resources/clinton_usip_remarks.pdf.
“more weapons deployed”: Baker Spring, “Disarm Now, Ask Questions Later: Obama’s Nuclear Weapons Policy,” Heritage Foundation Backgrounder, No. 2826, July 11, 2013.
than the United States: Robert Joseph, Eric Edelman, and Rebeccah Heinrichs, “After You, Mr. Putin,” National Review, March 4, 2015.
cheating in November 2012: Josh Rogin, “U.S. Knew Russia Violated Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty,” Daily Beast, November 26, 2013.
“needs to take place”: Stephen F. Hayes, “Obama’s Fantasy-Based Foreign Policy,” Weekly Standard, March 17, 2014, http://www.weeklystandard.com/articles/obama-s-fantasy-based-foreign-policy_784266.html.
“separatist fighters”: Michael Weiss and James Miller, “New Putin Invasion Coming This Summer,” Daily Beast, May 17, 2015.
“precisely nothing”: Eric Edelman, “Confronting Putin’s Invasion: It Can—and Must—Be Done,” Weekly Standard, March 17, 2014.
CHAPTER 6: DISARMING AMERICA
“freedom and peace”: Remarks by President Ronald Reagan, “Address to the Nation on Defense and National Security,” March 23, 1983, http://www.reagan.utexas.edu/archives/speeches/1983/32383d.htm.
“ready to defend”: Remarks prepared for delivery by President John F. Kennedy, Dallas Citizens Council, Trade Mart, Dallas, Texas, November 22, 1963, http://www.jfklibrary.org/Asset-Viewer/Archives/JFKPOF-048-022.aspx.
“world freedom”: Ibid.
“United States of America”: William J. Perry, John P. Abizaid, et al., “Ensuring a Strong Defense for the Future: The National Defense Panel Review of the 2014 Quadrennial Defense Review,” July 31, 2014, p. vii.
to do so: President Barack Obama, Press Room Remarks, August 28, 2014, https://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2014/08/28/statement-president; President Barack Obama, Press Conference after G-7 Summit, Krun, Germany, June 8, 2015, https://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2015/06/08/remarks-president-obama-press-conference-after-g7-summit.
“nation’s deficit problems”: Secretary of Defense Robert Gates press conference, August 9, 2010, http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/08/11/AR2010081105285.html.
“of higher value”: Gates, Duty, p. 316.
“January 6, 2011”: Secretary of Defense Robert Gates and Chairman of the Joint Chiefs Robert Mullen, press briefing, January 6, 2011, http://www.defense.gov/transcripts/transcript.aspx?transcriptid=4747.
had already proposed: Editorial Board, “Mr. Obama’s Defense Cuts,” Washington Post, April 20, 2011, http://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/mr-obamas-defense-cuts/2011/04/20/AFlMqNEE_story.html.
“politically convenient”: Gates, Duty, p. 464.
of government spending: Representative Buck McKeon, Chairman, House Armed Services Committee, “Putting 50% of Sequester Cuts on Defense’s 17% Is Bad,” Letter to the Editor, Wall Street Journal, December 4, 2013.
239-year history: John T. Bennett, “Military Chiefs Warn Anew About Sequester Cuts,” DefenseNews, February 2, 2015, http://www.defensenews.com/story/defense/policy-budget/congress/2015/01/28/sequestration-military-isis-budget/22462259/.
“current and projected operations”: General Mark A. Welsh, III, Chief of Staff, United States Air Force, Testimony, United States Senate Armed Services Committee, January 28, 2014, http://www.armed-services.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/Welch_01-28-15.pdf.
“in many years”: Chris Jennewein, “CNO Says Budget Cuts Leave Navy at ‘Lowest Point’ in Years,” Times of San Diego, March 5, 2015, http://timesofsandiego.com/military/2015/03/05/cno-says-budget-cuts-leave-navy-at-lowest-point-in-years/.
at risk unnecessarily: Nick Simeone, “Sequester Degrades Navy, Marine Corps Readiness, Officials Say,” U.S. Department of Defense, DoD News, February 26, 2015, http://www.defense.gov/news/newsarticle.aspx?id=128259.
since before World War II: Dan Lamothe, “Army Details How It Will Cut to Its Smallest Size Since Before World War II,” Washington Post, July 9, 2015, http://www.washingtonpost.com/news/checkpoint/wp/2015/07/09/army-details-how-it-will-cut-to-its-smallest-size-since-before-world-war-ii/.
no carrrier presence: David Larter, “Navy to Pull Carrier from Central Command This Fall,” Navy Times, June 5, 2015, http://www.navytimes.com/story/military/2015/06/05/navy-pulls-carrier-centcom-islamic-state-group-presence/28554047/.
“cuts to $937 billion”: National Defense Panel Review of the 2014 Quadrennial Defense Review, p. 29, http://www.usip.org/sites/default/files/Ensuring-a-Strong-U.S.-Defense-for-the-Future-NDP-Review-of-the-QDR_0.pdf.
“to our posture”: General Raymond T. Odierno, Chief of Staff, United States Army, Testimony, United States Senate Committee on Armed Services, January 28, 2015.
“Second World War”: Former secretary of state Henry A. Kissinger, Testimony, United States Senate Committee on Armed Services, January 29, 2015.
“increasingly dangerous world”: Former undersecretary of defense for policy Michèle Flournoy, Testimony, United States Senate C
ommittee on Armed Services, February 10, 2015.
“national security strategy”: National Defense Panel Review of the 2014 Quadrennial Defense Review, p. 23.
“second region”: President Barack Obama, Defense Strategic Guidance, January 2012, p. 4, http://www.defense.gov/news/Defense_Strategic_Guidance.pdf.
“stability operations”: Ibid., p. 6.
“end today’s wars”: Ibid., cover letter.
“in our capabilities”: The Honorable Mac Thornberry, Chairman, House Armed Services Committee, letter to the Honorable Tom Price, M.D., Chairman, House Budget Committee, February 21, 2015.
“currently have fielded”: Undersecretary of Defense for Acquisition, Technology, and Logistics Frank Kendall, Testimony, U.S. House of Representatives Committee on Armed Services, “A Case for Reform: Improving DOD’s Ability to Respond to the Pace of Technological Change,” January 28, 2015.
“very uncomfortable”: General Martin Dempsey, Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, interview, Fox News Sunday, January 12, 2015, http://www.atlanticcouncil.org/blogs/natosource/dempsey-cyber-is-the-only-domain-in-which-us-has-peer-competitors.
“to any country”: Robert Joseph, “Second to One,” National Review, July 2, 2012, http://www.nationalreview.com/article/304310/second-one-robert-g-joseph.
nuclear force structure: Former undersecretary of defense for policy Eric Edelman, Testimony, U.S. Senate Committee on Foreign Relations, “The New START Treaty Benefits and Risks,” June 24, 2010.
America’s deterrence capability: Ibid.
already below 700: Ibid.
defense interceptors: Former undersecretary of state for arms control and international security Robert Joseph, Testimony, U.S. Senate Committee on Foreign Relations, “The New START Treaty Benefits and Risks,” June 24, 2010.
“no way, no how”: Undersecretary of State for Arms Control and International Security Ellen Tauscher, Special Press Briefing, March 29, 2010, http://www.state.gov/r/pa/prs/ps/2010/03/139176.htm.
language in the treaty: Robert Joseph testimony, June 24, 2010.
“current and planned”: U.S. Department of State, Bureau of Verification, Compliance, and Implementation, “Ballistic Missile Defense and New START Treaty,” Fact Sheet, April 21, 2010, http://www.state.gov/t/avc/rls/140624.htm.
existing warheads: Ibid.
“ ‘new military capabilities’ ”: 2010 Nuclear Posture Review, U.S. Department of Defense, April 2010, p. xiv, http://www.defense.gov/npr/docs/2010%20Nuclear%20Posture%20Review%20Report.pdf.
“nuclear postures”: President Barack Obama, Remarks at the Brandenburg Gate, Berlin, Germany, June 19, 2013, https://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2013/06/19/remarks-president-obama-brandenburg-gate-berlin-germany.
5,000 kilometers: Treaty Between the United States and the USSR on Elimination of Their Intermediate-Range and Shorter-Range Missiles (INF), http://www.state.gov/t/avc/trty/102360.htm.
“will pay a terrible price”: Michael Anton, “Our Nuclear Posture: Under the Obama Administration? Supine,” Weekly Standard, April 19, 2010, http://www.weeklystandard.com/print/articles/our-nuclear-posture?page=2.
“top priority”: President Barack Obama, Remarks to the Australian Parliament, November 17, 2011, https://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2011/11/17/remarks-president-obama-australian-parliament.
“it can’t happen”: Zachary Fryer-Briggs, “DOD Official: Asia Pivot ‘Can’t Happen’ Due to Budget Pressures,” DefenseNews, March 4, 2014, http://archive.defensenews.com/article/20140304/DEFREG02/303040022/DoD-Official-Asia-Pivot-Can-t-Happen-Due-Budget-Pressures.
“can and will continue”: Ibid.
by double digits: U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission, “2014 Report to Congress,” November 2014, p. 11, http://origin.www.uscc.gov/sites/default/files/annual_reports/Executive%20Summary.pdf.
“maneuverable warheads”: Ibid.
hypersonic missile: Bill Gertz, “China Conducts Fourth Test of Wu-14 Strike Vehicle,” Washington Free Beacon, June 11, 2015, http://freebeacon.com/national-security/china-conducts-fourth-test-of-wu-14-strike-vehicle/.
“U.S. and allied vessels”: Bill Gertz, “ONI Reveals Massive Chinese Naval Buildup,” Washington Free Beacon, April 10, 2015, http://freebeacon.com/national-security/oni-reveals-massive-chinese-naval-buildup/.
the Indian Ocean: Ibid.
by 2020: U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission, “2014 Report to Congress,” p. 12, http://origin.www.uscc.gov/sites/default/files/annual_reports/Executive%20Summary.pdf.
bolster these claims: Gordon Lubold and Adam Entous, “U.S. Says Beijing Is Building Up South China Sea Islands,” Wall Street Journal, May 9, 2015 http://www.wsj.com/articles/u-s-says-beijing-building-up-south-china-sea-islands-1431109387.
two thousand acres: Ibid.
U.S. military flights: “U.S. Warns China Not To Challenge Military Flights Over South China Sea,” FoxNews.com, May 22, 2015, http://www.foxnews.com/politics/2015/05/22/us-warns-china-not-to-challenge-military-flights-over-south-china-sea/.
drone force: Zachary Keck, “China Is Building 42,000 Military Drones: Should America Worry?” National Interest, May 10, 2015, http://nationalinterest.org/blog/the-buzz/china-building-42000-military-drones-should-america-worry-12856.
jamming communications: Bill Gertz, “Chinese Military Using Jamming Against U.S. Drones,” Washington Free Beacon, May 22, 2015, http://freebeacon.com/national-security/chinese-military-using-jamming-against-u-s-drones/print/.
rocket-propelled sea mines: Michael Pillsbury, The Hundred-Year Marathon: China’s Secret Strategy to Replace America as the Global Superpower (New York: Henry Holt, 2015), p. 154.
tactical high-energy laser weapons: Ibid.
“weakest point”: Ibid., p. 138.
of twenty years: Ibid., p. 154.
U.S. private sector: Ellen Nakashima, “Confidential Report Lists US Weapons Systems Designs Compromised by Chinese Cyberspies,” Washington Post, May 27, 2013, http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/confidential-report-lists-us-weapons-system-designs-compromised-by-chinese-cyberspies/2013/05/27/a42c3e1c-c2dd-11e2-8c3b-0b5e9247e8ca_story.html.
Twenty-two million people: General Michael Hayden, “Why Can’t We Play This Game?” Cipher Brief, June 24, 2015, http://www.thecipherbrief.com/articles/why-cant-we-play-game.
“and their tools”: Ibid.
“country in the world”: Pillsbury, The Hundred-Year Marathon, p. 151.
“freedom of action”: David R. Sands, “New Russia-China Alliance Latest Diplomatic, Strategic Blow to Obama,” Washington Times, April 30, 2015, http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2015/apr/30/china-russia-alliance-challenges-us-western-domina/?page=all.
“might more accurately be called”: Bret Stephens, “The Meltdown,” Commentary, September 1, 2014, https://www.commentarymagazine.com/article/the-meltdown/.
“eating the seed corn”: Former undersecretary of defense for policy Eric Edelman, Testimony, Senate Armed Services Committee, February 10, 2015.
“live on our knees”: President Franklin D. Roosevelt, “Message to the Special Convocation of the University of Oxford,” June 19, 1941, American Presidency Project, http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=16131.
“but first”: President John F. Kennedy, Remarks at Breakfast of the Fort Worth Chamber of Commerce, November 22, 1963, American Presidency Project, http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=9538.
CHAPTER 7: RESTORING AMERICAN POWER
“welfare of this nation”: President Harry S. Truman, Address to a Joint Session of Congress, March 12, 1947, http://avalon.law.yale.edu/20th_century/trudoc.asp.
“success of liberty”: President John F. Kennedy, Inaugural Address, January 20, 1961, http://www.jfklibrary.org/Asset-Viewer/BqXIEM9F4024ntFl7SVAjA.aspx.
“No foe in the field”: General Jim Mattis (Ret.), Testimony, Senate Armed Services Committee, January 27, 2015.
$661 billion: Department of Defense FY2012 Budget Proposal, February
14, 2011, http://www.defense.gov/home/features/2011/0211_fiscalbudget/SUMMARY_OF_THE_DOD_FISCAL_2012_BUDGET_PROPOSAL_with_Charts_Updated_1710_02.14.2011.pdf.
“shortchanges innovation”: Ibid., p. 4.
“undue emphasis on budgetary constraints”: National Defense Panel Review of the 2014 Quadrennial Defense Review, p. 3, http://www.usip.org/sites/default/files/Ensuring-a-Strong-U.S.-Defense-for-the-Future-NDP-Review-of-the-QDR_0.pdf.
“directed-energy weapons”: Ibid., pp. 40–45.
left ourselves vulnerable: General Michael Hayden, “Why Can’t We Play This Game?” Cipher Brief, June 24, 2015, http://www.thecipherbrief.com/articles/why-cant-we-play-game.
nation’s electric grid: Henry F. Cooper and Peter Vincent Pry, “The Threat to Melt the Electtric Grid,” Wall Street Journal, April 30, 2015, http://www.wsj.com/articles/the-threat-to-melt-the-electric-grid-1430436815.
“all else rests”: Mark Helprin, “Indefensible Defense,” National Review, June 11, 2015.
sixty vetted candidates: Austin Wright and Philip Ewing, “Ash Carter’s Unwelcome News: only 60 Syrian rebels fit for training, Politico, July 7, 2015, http://www.politico.com/story/2015/07/ash-carter-syrian-rebel-training-119812.html.
near-term requirements: General Jack Keane, Testimony, Senate Armed Services Committee, January 27, 2015.
Thousands of advisors: Jack Keane and Danielle Pletka, “An American-Led Coalition Can Defeat ISIS,” Wall Street Journal, August 24, 2014, http://www.wsj.com/articles/jack-keane-and-danielle-pletka-an-american-led-coalition-can-defeat-isis-in-iraq-1408919270.
25 percent fewer surge forces: Ibid.
prevent those attacks: General Mike Hayden, Remarks at National Press Club, January 23, 2006, https://www.press.org/speakers/transcripts-2006.
recruiter for ISIS: Thomas Joscelyn, “Gitmo Poet Now Recruiting for Islamic State,” Weekly Standard, November 19, 2014, http://www.weeklystandard.com/blogs/gitmo-poet-now-recruiting-islamic-state_819587.html#.