usage designations and, 128–29
variety in, 60, 61
Royal Opera House (London), 99
Rubens, Peter Paul, 135
rural retreats, growth in popularity of, 101, 103
Ruskin, John, 100
rustication, 35, 42, 265
St. John Lateran, Baptistery of Constantine at, 42
St. Mark’s Library, 79–80
St. Paul’s Cathedral, Old (London), 135
St. Paul’s Church (London), 135
St. Peter’s (Rome), 10, 84, 115
salas, 5, 126–27, 238–39, 263
Salieri, Antonio, 213
San Francesco della Vigna, church of, 198–99, 222
San Giorgio Maggiore, church at, 199–200, 222–23, 263, 266
Sanmicheli, Michele, 42, 69, 81
career of, 20–21, 37, 75, 117
death of, 177
domestic designs of, 57–59, 69, 122, 131n, 151, 160, 229
dramatic style of, 21, 35
fresco artists and, 63, 164, 186
surname of, 22–23
Verona city gates designed by, 20, 56
San Pietro di Castello, 118n
Sansovino, Jacopo (Lacopo d’Antonio), 70, 75, 177, 192, 221
St. Mark’s Library designed by, 79–80
surname of, 22
Venetian career of, 117, 122n, 198, 199, 221
Santa Maria della Carità, convent of, 197–98, 222, 265
Santa Maria Novella, 153
Saraceno, Biagio, 57, 73, 229, 233
Saraceno, Giacomo, 229
Saraceno, Leonardo, 229
Saraceno, Pietro, 229, 236, 238n
Sarego, Annibale, 200
Sarego, Marc’antonio, 155, 200
Savoy, Emanuele Filiberto, Duke of, 221
scale, size vs., 245–47
Scamozzi, Vincenzo, 210–12, 214, 215, 216
Schindler, R. M., 189n
Schinkel, Karl Friedrich, 99
Scortico River, 167, 176, 183
Scully, Vincent, 186
Seagram Building (New York City), 92
Select Architecture (Morris), 138–39, 141
serlianas, 5, 6, 27, 68, 79–80, 86, 91–92, 266
Serlio, Sebastiano, 5n, 19–20, 21, 37, 55, 75, 80n, 203, 266
Shakespeare, William, 182, 223
Shirley Plantation (Virginia), 139
skylights, 36
Smith, James, 136, 213–14
staircases, 42, 103, 126, 130, 161, 171, 173, 193, 243
statues, 68–69, 73, 127, 152–53, 251
symmetry, 47–48, 209–10
Teatro Olimpico, 211
Tempietto, 205
Temple of Jupiter Stator, 260
Ten Books of Architecture (Vitruvius), 13
terraferma, 16, 38
theater design, 19, 133
thermal (Diocletian) windows, 27, 32, 266
Thiene, Adriano, 73–74
Thiene, Marc’antonio, 73–74, 83
Thiene, Marco, 83, 84
Thiene, Odoardo, 177
Thiene, Theodoro, 177
threshing floors, 193
Tintoretto (Jacopo Robusti), 187
Titian, 83, 187, 224
Tivoli, stepped gardens at, 148, 151
Torbido, Francesco, 63
torus, 266
Trevigiana, 145, 146, 185, 261
triglyphs, 262
Trissino, Francesco, 177, 203
Trissino, Giangiorgio, 15–18, 177
Cricoli villa of, 14, 15–16, 17, 19, 23, 49, 84
death of, 84
diplomatic career of, 15, 16
Palladio’s career aided by, 21–23, 38, 63, 83, 84
as Palladio’s intellectual mentor, 16–18, 19, 39, 43, 83, 148, 221, 251
Rome visited by, 39
Trissino, Lodovico, 177, 203
Tuscan order, 65, 241, 265, 266
Tutte l’opere d’architettura, et perspectiva (All the works of architecture and perspective) (Serlio), 20
tympanum, 56, 260, 266
Valmarana, Antonio, 39
Valmarana, Giovanni, 177, 200
Valmarana, Giuseppe, 39
Vanbrugh, John, 136
Vasari, Giorgio, 9, 20
architectural career of, 10, 148
on Palladio buildings, 44, 81, 172, 197–98, 199, 200, 226
on Sanmicheli villa, 160
vaults, xviii, 63, 80–81, 263, 266
Venetian foot, 110n, 244
Venetian measurement standard, 110n, 244
Venetian Republic:
agricultural development of, 37–38, 176, 191
citizenship requirements in, 15
glassmaking in, 61, 103
governing body of, 36
Padua as intellectual center of, 18
plague epidemic in, 222
river routes in, 95–96, 100–101, 176
in War of League of Cambrai, 11, 21
Venetian (Palladian) window, see serlianas
Venice, 13, 114
architects’ careers in, 22, 116–18
domestic architecture of, 122n, 211
founding families of, 121
Palladio’s commissions in, 196–200
population size of, 12, 222
Rialto bridge in, 117, 122n
summer retreats from, 100–101
Venturi, Robert, 118
Verona, gates of, 20, 56
Veronese (Paolo Caliari), 164, 170, 186, 187, 197, 221
Vicentine measurement standard, 110n, 233–34, 244
Vicenza:
Loggia del Capitano in, 221–22
Palladio’s Basilica in, 73–82, 76, 82, 84, 85, 96, 116, 176, 220, 221, 223, 229, 266
population of, 12
town houses in, 73, 95–97
Vignola, Giacomo da, 148
Villa, Forni, 91–92, 255, 258
Villa Almerico (La Rotonda), 201–20, 202, 204, 208, 210, 212, 222, 259, 264
clay-tile roof of, 201, 213
dome of, 201, 202, 205–7, 211, 214, 220, 264
exterior molding at, 208, 208
extreme symmetry of, 201–2, 203, 206, 209–10
floor plan of, 206, 207, 219–20
location of, 201, 202, 210, 240, 256
as most influential Palladio building, 210–11, 213–19
owners of, 219–20
Villa Angarano, 146–47, 221, 258
Villa Badoer, 167–81, 170, 174, 176, 180, 183–84
curved loggias of, 167, 171–72, 173, 175, 178, 179, 181–82
floor plan of, 170–71, 170, 175
frescoes of, 169–70, 175, 183
front façade of, 167, 171, 173, 176, 183
location of, 167, 172, 176, 178, 256
modesty vs. extravagance of, 175
owners of, 175–76, 179
raised brick terrace around, 172–73
Villa Barbaro, 145–65, 146, 158, 175, 215, 258
arcaded wings of, xv, 146, 160–61, 193, 261, 264
criticisms of, 159, 164–65
frescoes in, 163–64, 170
initial sketches of, 161–62
interior of, 161–64
location of, 145, 151, 185, 240, 256
medieval house and, 151, 161, 162
outbuildings of, 147, 159
owners of, 147–49, 151, 152, 153, 157, 163
pavilions of, 146, 152, 161
rear garden of, 151, 185, 263
sculptural plasterwork at, 152–53, 159, 171, 264
surroundings of, 150, 159–60
temple effect of, xv, 146–47, 156, 173
Villa Caldogno, 92, 139, 187, 255, 257
Villa Chiericati, 98–100, 98, 104, 107, 257, 263
Villa Cornaro, 119–32, 120, 128, 132, 258
double porticoes of, 120, 121, 123, 124, 125, 131, 132, 140, 141, 168, 262
entrance stairs of, 126, 193
floor plan of, 128–29, 171, 234n
height of, 119, 12
2, 146
interior of, 126–31, 171
location of, 119, 122, 131, 256
owners of, 121–22, 127, 128
rear garden of, 125–26, 131, 161
Villa Emo, 185–86, 241, 259
arcaded wings of, 185–96, 190, 261
austere dignity of, 185, 186, 192, 193, 195–96, 240, 262
exterior dimensions of, 186, 207n
floor plan of, 188–89, 188, 231
frescoes of, 186–88, 189, 191–92, 196
front façade of, 192–93, 193, 195–96
location of, 185, 256
owners of, 187, 189, 191–92, 196
ramped entrance of, 190, 192–93
setting of, 185, 240
Villa Foscari (La Malcontenta), 100–114, 118, 258
double stairs of, 102, 103, 126
dramatic front façade of, 103–4, 105, 106, 113–14, 263
exterior dimensions of, 103, 207n
floor plan of, 107–11, 110, 113, 127, 171
frescoes of, 106–7, 187
location of, 100–101, 102, 103, 118, 240, 256
portico of, 100, 103, 104, 106, 113, 121, 173, 215
rear façade of, 112, 113
Villa Garzoni, 192
Villa Gazoto, 257
pediment motif of, 54, 56, 57, 58, 68
pilasters of, 54, 55, 262
rear façade of, 70
Villa Giulia, 148
Villa Godi, 1–10, 2, 8, 23–28, 60, 122, 256, 257
ceilings of, 6–7, 89
critics of, 7, 9
frescoes of, 24–28, 26, 88, 106, 163, 187
loggia of, 2, 3, 4, 8, 57, 243, 246
owner of, 4, 5
as Palladio’s first independent commission, 7, 9–10, 23, 38, 72
precise geometrical alignment in, 6
pre-existing foundation used in, 3–4, 35, 79
sala of, 5, 25, 27, 36
setting of, 2, 9, 24, 159, 240
size of, 3, 5, 32, 68
windows of, 3, 4, 6, 7, 27, 32, 61, 229n
Villa La Soranza, 57, 59, 160, 164
Villa Madama, 43–44, 47, 59, 148
Villa Mocenigo (Dolo), 179, 181, 234n, 258
Villa Mocenigo (Marocco), 259
Villa Molin, 211, 215
Villa Muzani, 257
Villa Piovene, 257
Villa Pisani (Bagnolo), 31–38, 42–54, 56–64, 157, 256, 257
basement of, 32, 43, 60, 103
courtyard of, 31–32, 44–45, 47, 73
entrance loggia of, 35–36, 34, 42, 47, 52–53, 54, 261, 265
family status reflected in, 37
owners of, 36–37, 63
pedimented design of, 54, 56–59, 58, 135, 171, 263
previous house on site of, 35, 79
rear façade of, 70, 113
restoration of, 59–60, 64
Roman buildings as influence on, 42, 43, 44, 47
sala of, 36, 37, 42, 52, 54, 62, 63, 87, 106, 127, 162
size of, 32, 230
stone moldings on, 32, 68
successive designs drawn for, 45–54, 46, 47, 50, 51, 53, 72
windows of, 32, 33, 36, 43, 59, 61
Villa Pisani (Montagnana), 125, 130, 258, 261
Villa Poiana, 65–74, 85–92, 86, 126, 227, 257, 265
attic of, 89–90
courtyard and garden of, 72–73
design evolution of, 71–72
forceful simplicity of, 138, 175, 241
front façade of, 65–70, 66, 67, 85, 90–91, 138
innovative elements of, 91–92
interior of, 85–89, 171
location of, 65, 256
oculi motif of, 65, 66, 67, 69–70, 87
rear façade of, 69–70, 70, 72, 113
Villa Ragona, 255, 258
Villa Repeta, 259
Villa Rotonda, see Villa Almerico (La Rotonda)
villas:
defined, 1–2
as summer retreats, 101, 103
see also Palladio, Andrea, villas designed by; specific villas
Villa Saraceno, 225–49, 228, 235, 242, 246, 248, 257
author’s rental stay in, 225, 226, 231, 234–35, 244–45, 249, 253–54
basement of, 232
farming activities at, 226, 229, 230, 239, 241, 243
floor plan of, 228, 230–32, 233–34, 238
frescoes of, 236, 238, 243
front façade of, 228, 241–43, 242, 245, 246, 247
location of, 240, 256
loggia of, 241, 242, 243, 246–47
modern renovation of, 226, 230, 232
owners of, 229–30, 231, 236
rear of, 240
spaciousness of, 233, 237–39, 243–44
Villa Sarego (Miega), 259
Villa Sarego (Santa Sofia), 155, 179, 255, 258, 265
Villa Schio, 258
Villa Thiene (Cicogna), 35n, 177, 181, 258
Villa Thiene (Quinto), 57, 73–74, 134, 257
Villa Tiretta, 9, 160
Villa Trissino, 181, 203, 205, 259
Villa Valmarana (Lisiera), 35n, 200n, 259
Villa Valmarana (Vigardolo), 46, 54, 57, 58, 68, 70, 188, 255, 257
Villa Zen, 255, 259
Vitruvius, 84
Alberti’s reworking of, 40
ancient villas described by, 74
on architectural orders, 54, 55, 80n
British architects influenced by, 135, 136
D. Barbaro’s edition of, 147, 148–49, 221
on intercolumniation, 104, 264
Italian translation of, 13
Palladio’s study of, 13, 17, 18, 39, 90
room shapes recommended by, 109, 126n, 234
on symmetry, 111, 209
on temple statues, 69
Vitruvius Britannicus (Campbell), 136, 139, 216
Vittoria, Allesandro, 153, 255
volutes, 55
voussoirs, 266
Walpole, Horace, 137
Ware, Isaac, 137, 215–16, 218, 230, 233
Warsaw, 253
Washington, George, 4, 173, 182
water table, 32, 266
Webb, John, 136, 137
Whitehill (Scotland), 136
White House (Washington, D.C.), xvii, 173
Wilbury House (Wiltshire), 136
Williamsburg (Virginia), capitol building in, 140–41
windows:
arched, 131
Diocletian (thermal), 27, 32, 266
dormer, 105, 108
glass technology and, 61, 239
oculi, 65, 67, 69–70, 80, 87, 92, 205, 206–7, 264
serliana, 5, 6, 27, 68, 79–80, 91–92, 266
size of, 244
Wittkower, Rudolf, 9, 109–11
Wotton, Sir Henry, 114, 142, 197, 249
Wren, Christopher, 136
Wright, Frank Lloyd, 71, 189n
Wright, Thomas, 216
Wyatt, Richard, 216, 217, 218, 220
Wyatt, Susan, 216, 217, 218, 220
Zelotti, Giambattista, 27, 28, 106–7, 186–88, 191–92, 195, 196, 243
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Rybczynski, Witold.
The perfect house : a journey with the Renaissance master Andrea Palladio / Witold Rybczynski.
p. cm.
1. Palladio, Andrea, 1508–1580. 2. Architecture, Renaissance—Italy. 3. Architects—Italy—Biography. I. Titl
e.
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Illustration Credits
Centro Internazionale di Studi di Architettura “Andrea Palladio,”
Vicenza: frontispiece; I quattro libri dell’architettura by Andrea Palladio, published in Venice, 1570, facsimile edition published by Ulrico Hoepli Editore Libraio, Milan, 1980: 53, 76, 82, 110, 128, 170, 188, 228; The British Architectural Library, The Royal Institute of British Architects, London: 46, 47, 50, 51, 154; Witold Rybczynski: 2, 6, 8, 14, 24, 26, 33, 34, 58, 62, 66, 67, 70, 78, 86, 97, 98, 102, 105, 112, 120, 123, 124, 132, 146, 150, 158, 174, 176, 180, 190, 193, 194, 202, 204, 208, 210, 212, 226, 235, 242, 248, 256, 260.
The Perfect House: A Journey with Renaissance Master Andrea Palladio Page 25