Graves, John Temple, ed. A Book of the South. New Orleans: Southern Editors Association, 1940.
Hale, Robert. “The Application of Learning Theory to Serial Murder, or ‘You Too Can Learn to Be a Serial Killer.’” In Contemporary Perspectives on Serial Murder, edited by Ronald M. Holmes and Stephen T. Holmes. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage 1998.
Hess, Henner. Mafia and Mafiosi: Origin, Power and Myth. Translated by Ewald Osers. New York: New York University Press, 1996.
Hickey, Eric W. Serial Murderers and Their Victims. 3rd ed. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth/Thomason Learning, 2002.
Hintz, Martin. Ethnic New Orleans. A Complete Guide to the Many Faces & Cultures of New Orleans. Lincolnwood, IL: Passport Books, 1995.
Holmes, Ronald M. “Psychological Profiling: Uses in Serial Murder Cases.” In Contemporary Perspectives on Serial Murder, edited by Ronald M. Holmes and Stephen T. Holmes. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 1998.
Holmes, Ronald M., and James E. DeBurger. “Profiles in Terror: The Serial Murderer.” In Contemporary Perspectives on Serial Murder, edited by Ronald M. Holmes and Stephen T. Holmes. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 1998.
Holmes, Ronald M., and Stephen T. Holmes. Serial Murder. 2nd ed. London: Sage, 1998.
Hunt, Thomas, and Martha Macheca Sheldon. Deep Water: Joseph P. Macheca and the Birth of the American Mafia. Lincoln, NE: iUniverse, 2007.
Industrialist Publishing. New Orleans Police Souvenir Book, 1906. New Orleans: Industrialist Publishing, 1906.
Italian-American Digest. “Who Really Killed the Chief?” Vol. 7 (Spring 1981): 3.
Jackson, Joy J. “Crime and the Conscience of a City.” Louisiana History 9, no. 3 (Summer 1968): 229–244.
———. New Orleans in the Gilded Age: Politics and Urban Progress, 1880–1896. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University, 1969.
Jeffers, H. Paul. With an Axe: 16 Horrific Accounts of Real-Life Axe Murders. New York: Kensington Publishing, 2000.
Jenkins, Philip. “Serial Murder in the United States: 1900–1940: A Historical Perspective.” Journal of Criminal Justice 17 (1989): 377–392.
Jessup, Steve. “The Golden Age, 1900–1950.” In The Complete Book of North American Railroading, by Kevin EuDaly et al. Minneapolis, MN: Voyager Press, 2009.
Jewell, Edwin L. Jewell’s Crescent City Illustrated: The Commercial, Social, Political and General History of New Orleans, Including Biographical Sketches of Its Distinguished Citizens. New Orleans: E. L. Jewell, 1873.
Katz, Allan. “The Hennessy Affair: A Centennial,” New Orleans, October 1990, 58–62, 81.
Kazek, Kelly. Forgotten Tales of Alabama. Charleston, SC: History Press, 2010.
Keedy, Edwin R. “The Third Degree and Legal Interrogation of Suspects.” University of Pennsylvania Law Review and American Law Register 85, no. 8 (June 1937): 761–777.
Kendall, John S. “Blood on the Banquette.” Louisiana Historical Quarterly 22, no. 3 (1939): 819–856.
———. “Notes on the Criminal History of New Orleans.” Louisiana Historical Quarterly 34 (1951): 147–173.
———. “Old-Time New Orleans Police Reporters and Reporting.” Louisiana Historical Quarterly 29, no.1 (January 1946): 43–58.
———. “Sixteen Years of Martin Behrman.” In History of New Orleans, 547–564. Chicago: Lewis Publishing, 1922.
———. “Who Killa de Chief?” Louisiana Historical Quarterly 22, no. 2 (1939): 492–530.
Krist, Gary. Empire of Sin: A Story of Sex, Jazz, Murder and the Battle for Modern New Orleans. New York: Crown, 2014.
Kurtz, Michael L. “Organized Crime in Louisiana History: Myth and Reality,” Louisiana History 24 (1983): 355–376.
Lane, Brian, and Wilfred Greg, eds. The Encyclopedia of Serial Killers. New York: Berkley Books, 1995.
Lester, Henry. “The Axeman of New Orleans.” In Unsolved Murders and Mysteries, edited by John Canning. London: Time Warner, 1992.
Levinson, Marc. The Great A&P and the Struggle for Small Business in America. New York: Hill & Wang, 2011.
Lewis, Peirce F. New Orleans: The Making of an Urban Landscape. 2nd ed. Chicago: Center for American Places, 2003.
Leyton, Elliot. Hunting Humans: The Rise of the Modern Multiple Murderer. 2nd ed. New York: Carroll & Graf, 2001.
Loftus, Elizabeth. “Make-Believe Memories.” American Psychologist (November 2003): 867–873.
———. “The Malleability of Human Memory.” American Scientist 67, no.3 (May–June 1979): 312–320.
Loftus, Elizabeth, and A. K. Thomas. “Creating Bizarre False Memories Through Imagination.” Memory & Cognition 30 (2002): 423–431.
Loftus, Elizabeth, and H. G. Hoffman. “Misinformation and Memory: The Creation of New Memories.” Journal of Experimental Psychology 118, no. 1 (1989): 100–104.
Loftus, Elizabeth, and Katherine Ketcham. The Myth of Repressed Memory: False Memories and Allegations of Sexual Abuse. New York: Saint Martin’s Press, 1994.
Lombardo, Robert M. The Black Hand: Terror by Letter in Chicago. Urbana and Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 2010.
Louisiana District Judges Association. Biographies of Louisiana Judges. New Orleans: New Orleans Public Library, Louisiana Division, 1961.
Macaluso, Joseph N., Sr. Italian Immigrant Families: Grocers, Proprietors, and Entrepreneurs. Pittsburgh: RoseDog Books, 2004.
Magnaghi, Russell. “Louisiana’s Italian Immigrants Prior to 1870.” Louisiana History 27 (Winter 1996): 43–68.
Margavio, A. V. “The Reaction of the Press to the Italian American in New Orleans, 1880 to 1920.” Italian Americana 4, no. 1 (1978): 72–83.
Margavio, A. V., and J. L. Molyneaux. “Residential Segregation of Italians in New Orleans and Selected American Cities.” Louisiana Studies 12 (1973): 639–645.
Margavio, A. V., and Jerome Salomone. Bread and Respect: The Italians of Louisiana. Gretna, LA: Pelican, 2002.
———. “Economic Advantages of Familism.” Sociological Spectrum 7 (1987): 101–119.
———. “The Passage, Settlement, and Occupational Characteristics of Louisiana’s Italian Immigrants.” Sociological Spectrum 1 (1981): 345–359.
Marr, Robert H., Jr. “The New Orleans Mafia Case.” American Law Review 25 (1891): 414–431.
Maselli, Joseph, and Dominic Candeloro. Italians in New Orleans. Charleston, SC: Arcadia, 2004.
McColloster, Mary Ann Tusa. “New Light on the New Orleans St. Joseph Day Altar. Louisiana Folklore Miscellany 3, no. 1 (April 1970): 38–45.
McMain, Eleanor. “Behind the Yellow Fever in Little Palermo.” Charities and the Commons 15 (October 1905–March 1906): 150–159.
McQueen, Keven. The Axman Came from Hell and Other Southern True Crime Stories. Gretna, LA: Pelican, 2011.
Morton, James. Catching the Killers: The Definitive History of Criminal Detection. London: Ebury Press, 2001.
Morton, Robert J. “Serial Murder: Multi-Disciplinary Perspectives for Investigators.” Behavioral Analysis Unit-2, National Center for the Analysis of Violent Crime, Critical Incident Response Group, Federal Bureau of Investigation. www.fbi.gov/stats-services/publications/serial-murder.
Murray, Tom. Illinois Central Railroad. Saint Paul, MN: Voyageur Press, 2006.
Nash, Jay Robert. Bloodletters and Badmen: A Narrative Encyclopedia of American Criminals from the Pilgrims to the Present. New York: M. Evans, 1973.
Nelli, Humbert S. The Business of Crime. Italians and Syndicate Crime in the United States. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1981.
New Orleans Police Department. Fifty Years of Progress, 1900–1950. New Orleans: Franklin Print, 1951.
Newton, Michael. Century of Slaughter. Lincoln, NE: toExcel, 2000.
———. The Encyclopedia of Unsolved Crimes. 2nd ed. New York: Checkmark Books, 2009.
———. Hunting Humans: The Encyclopedia of Serial Killers. Vol. 1. New York: Avon Books, 1990.
Orso, Ethelyn, and Peggy Kaveski. “Undisclosed Aspects of Saint Joseph Altars.” Louisiana Folklore Misc
ellany 3, no. 5 (1975): 14–18.
Persico, Joseph. “Vendetta in New Orleans.” American Heritage 24, no. 4 (June 1973): 65–72.
Peterson, H. C., and Gilbert C. Fite. Opponents of War, 1917–1918. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1957.
Pitkin, Thomas Monroe, and Francesco Cordasco. The Black Hand: A Chapter in Ethnic Crime. Totowa, NJ: Litchfield, Adams, 1977.
Plemer, Roslynn. “The Feast of St. Joseph.” Louisiana Folklore Miscellany 2, no. 4 (August 1968): 85–90.
Poole, Debra Ann, Sonja P. Brubacher, and Jason J. Dickinson. “Children as Witnesses.” In APA Handbook of Forensic Psychology, vol. 2, Criminal Investigation, Adjudication, and Sentencing Outcomes. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association, 2015.
Putwain, David, and Aidan Sammons. Psychology and Crime. New York: Routledge, 2002.
Ramelli, Rudolph. “Scenes in the ‘Underworld.’” In New Orleans Police Souvenir Book, 1906. New Orleans: Industrialist Publishing, 1906.
Ramsland, Katherine. “All About the Axeman of New Orleans.” Crime Library, truTV, accessed March 28, 2006. www.trutv.com/library/crime/serial_killers/weird/axeman/index.html (site discontinued).
———. Beating the Devil’s Game: A History of Forensic Science and Criminal Investigation. New York: Berkley Books, 2007.
———. Inside the Minds of Serial Killers: Why They Kill. Westport, CT: Praeger, 2006.
Reid, Ed. Mafia. New York: Random House, 1952.
Reynolds, George M. Machine Politics in New Orleans, 1897–1926. New York: Columbia University Press, 1936.
Richey, Emma Cecilia, and Evelina Prescott Kean. The New Orleans Book. New Orleans: L. Graham, 1915.
Rose, Al. Storyville, New Orleans: Being an Authentic, Illustrated Account of the Notorious Red-Light District. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 1979.
Rousey, Dennis C. “Cops and Guns: Police Use of Deadly Force in Nineteenth Century New Orleans.” American Journal of Legal History 28, no. 1 (January 1984): 41–66.
———. Policing the Southern City: New Orleans, 1805–1889. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1996.
Rumbelow, Donald. Jack the Ripper: The Complete Casebook. New York: Berkley Books, 1988.
Scarpaci, J. Vincenza. “Labor for Louisiana’s Sugar Cane Fields: An Experiment in Immigrant Recruitment.” Italian Americana (Spring–Summer 1981): 19–41.
Scarpaci, Jean Ann. “Immigrants in the New South: Italians in Louisiana’s Sugar Parishes, 1880–1910.” Labor History 16, no. 2 (Summer 1974): 165–183.
Schacter, Daniel L. The Seven Sins of Memory: How the Mind Forgets and Remembers. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 2001.
Schaffer, Ronald. America in the Great War: The Rise of the War Welfare State. New York: Oxford University Press, 1991.
Schechter, Harold. The Serial Killer Files. New York: Ballantine, 2004.
Schmitz, Mark. “The Transformation of the Southern Cane Sugar Sector: 1860–1930.” Agricultural History 53, no. 1 (January 1979): 270–285.
Schott, Matthew J. “The New Orleans Machine and Progressivism.” Louisiana History 24, no. 2 (Spring 1983): 141–153.
Shrugg, Roger Wallace. “Survival of the Plantation System in Louisiana.” Journal of Southern History 3, no. 3 (August 1937): 311–325.
Sitterson, J. Carlyle. Sugar Country: The Cane Sugar Industry in the South, 1753–1950. Lexington: University of Kentucky Press, 1953.
Skolnick, Jerome H., and James J. Fyfe. Above the Law: Police and the Excessive Use of Force. New York: Free Press, 1993.
Smalley, Eugene V. “Sugar Making in Louisiana.”Century Magazine 35 (November 1887): 100–120.
Smith, Thomas Ruys. Southern Queen: New Orleans in the Nineteenth Century. New York: Continuum, 2011.
Smith, Tom. The Crescent City Lynchings: The Murder of Chief Hennessy, the New Orleans “Mafia” Trials, and the Parish Prison Mob. Guilford, CT: Lyons Press, 2007.
Solomon, Brian. North American Railroads: The Illustrated Encyclopedia. Minneapolis, MN: MBI and Voyageur Press, 2012.
Stahls, Paul J. Jefferson Parish: Rich Heritage, Promising Future. San Antonio, TX: Historical Publishing Network, 2009.
Steblay, Nancy K. “Eyewitness Memory.” In APA Handbook of Forensic Psychology, vol. 2, Criminal Investigation, Adjudication, and Sentencing Outcomes. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association, 2015.
Stover, John F. History of the Illinois Central Railroad. New York: Macmillan, 1975.
Sublette, Ned. The World That Made New Orleans. Chicago: Lawrence Hill, 2008.
Swanson, Betsy. Historic Jefferson Parish: From Shore to Shore. Gretna, LA: Pelican, 1975.
Tallant, Robert. Mardi Gras . . . As It Was. Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1948.
———. Ready to Hang: Seven Famous New Orleans Murders. New York: Harper, 1952.
———. The Romantic New Orleanians. New York: E. P. Dutton & Co., 1950.
Tallant, Robert, Edward Dreyer, and Lyle Saxon. Gumbo Ya-Ya: A Collection of Louisiana Folk Tales. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1945.
Thomson, James M. Louisiana Today. Louisiana Society, 1939.
Thorwald, Jürgen. The Century of the Detective. Translated by Richard and Clara Winston. New York: Harcourt, Brace & World, 1965.
Tousignant, David D. “Why Suspects Confess.” FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin (March 1991): 14–18.
Tusa, Marie Lupo. Marie’s Melting Pot. New Orleans: Distributed by the Spielman Co., 1980.
Vodicka, John. “Prison Plantation: The Story of Angola.” Southern Exposure 6, no. 4 (1978): 32–38.
Vyhnanek, Louis Andrew. Unorganized Crime: New Orleans in the 1920s. Lafayette, LA: Center for Louisiana Studies, University of Southwestern Louisiana, 1998.
Warner, Richard. “The First Mafia Boss of Los Angeles? The Mystery of Vito Di Giorgio, 1880–1922.” On the Spot Journal (Summer 2008): 46–54.
Webb, Clive. “The Lynching of Sicilian Immigrants in the American South, 1886–1910.” American Nineteenth-Century History 3, no. 1 (March 2000): 45–76.
Wheeler, Thomas B. “Homicides and Suicides in New Orleans.” Daily Picayune, January 8, 1911.
Widmer, Mary Lou. New Orleans 1900 to 1920. Gretna, LA: Pelican, 2007.
Wilds, John. Afternoon Story: The History of the New Orleans States-Item. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1976.
Williams, Robert W. “Martin Behrman and New Orleans Civic Development, 1904–1920.” Louisiana History 2, no. 4 (Autumn 1961): 373–400.
Wilson, Colin, and Damon Wilson. The Killers Among Us, Book II: Sex, Madness & Mass Murder. New York: Warner, 1995.
———. Written in Blood: A History of Forensic Detection. New York: Carroll & Graf, 2003.
Witcover, Jules. Sabotage at Black Tom: Imperial Germany’s Secret War in America, 1914–1917. Chapel Hill, NC: Algonquin Books of Chapel Hill, 1989.
Index
Italicized page references denote illustrations
Adams, St. Clair, 20, 23, 46, 50, 57–58, 59, 60
Albano, Angelo, 212, 221–222, 227
Albano, Esther Pepitone, 217–218, 221–224, 227
Albano, Jerome, 222
Albert, Gus, 15
Alexander, Albert, 128
Anderson, Charles, 132–133, 153–154
Andollina, Anna, 76–77, 79
Andollina, Epifanio, 76–77, 79, 84
Andollina, John, 77, 78
Andollina, Mary, 76–77
Andollina, Salvatore, 77
Angola prison farm, 210
Anna (Rosie Cortimiglia’s niece), 10
Armistead, Frank, 51
Axeman, the
attacks attributed to, 217
attacks similar to those by, 83–84
choice of weapon by, 99–100
commonalities among victims of, 132
crime scenes left by, 16, 22–24, 45, 77, 79, 87–88, 91–92, 124–125, 150–151, 215, 218–219
evidence against Mumfre as, 225–226
“fien
d” theory of, 25, 59, 75, 102, 261
map of attacks by, 130
modus operandi of, 1, 99, 126, 256–257
novelty song about, 159–161
Piggly Wiggly ad capitalizing on, 133
profile of, 259–262
purported letter from, 157–162
resurgence of, 255–256
sightings of, 128–129
six-year hiatus of, 75–76
witnesses’ description of, 17–18, 46–47, 125–126, 215, 216, 219, 256–259
See also Cleaver of 1910–1911
“Axeman method,” 131
“Axman Wore Wings, The,” 226–227
Ballerio, Guillermo, 63
barbershops, 34
Behrman, Martin, 40, 80
Berti, Louis, 67
Bertillon, Alphonse, 47–48
Bertillon operators, 48
Bescanon, Eugene, 95
Besumer, Louis, 105–113, 109, 115–119, 133–140, 168–171, 194
Besumer, Mrs. (assumed). See Lowe, Harriet Anna
Besumer grocery store
map of, 107
photo of, 105
Billa, Rosalie Lillian “Lillie.” See Jordano, Lillie Billa
Black Hand crime, 71–74, 99
blackmail, 54–55, 69, 71, 79, 100, 222–223
Boca, Steve, 217
Bolden, George, 187
Boyer, Ernest, 43–44
break-ins, Axeman-like, 126–132, 150
The Axeman of New Orleans Page 33