Seven Ages of Paris

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by Alistair Horne


  Age Seven 1940–1969

  Aron, Elusive; Beevor and Cooper (excellent on the immediate aftermath of the Second World War); Collins and Lapierre (still reads well); Dulong (an engaging account of life in the Elysée under de Gaulle); Flanner (all four works); Giles.

  1 “I wish I had not come”: Shirer, 321–4

  2 “The German genius and I”: Pryce-Jones, 62

  3 “a position of impotence”: ibid., 168

  4 “an unconsciousness shared”: Thurman, 444

  5 “For over four years”: de Gaulle, Guerre, II, 289

  6 “Paris outraged!”: ibid., 308

  7 “The effect was fantastic”: Muggeridge, 211–12

  8 “forty FFI”: Courtin, 57, 66, 74

  9 “Hélas! Hélas! Hélas!”: Flanner, 1944–1965, 479; Horne, Savage, 455

  10 “Since the Liberation”: Flanner, 1944–1965, 275

  11 “Everything always has an end”: Flanner, 1965–1970, 211

  12 “One fighting speech”: Aron, Elusive, 157

  13 “a French affair”: Barrault, 51

  14 “What struck me most”: Aron, Elusive, 232

  15 “I am ceasing”: Dulong, 229

  Epilogue Death in Paris

  1 “Most of the cemeteries”: Laborie, III, 368

  BIBLIOGRAPHY

  Given that works on Napoleon are reputed to number some 600,000, books on Paris must easily run into seven figures. For any author to assemble anything like a complete bibliography would be a lifetime’s task. Here, after a great amount of pruning, I have included books only that particularly aided me in writing this book.

  GENERAL

  Aulard, F. A., Paris sous le Premier Empire: recueil des documents pour l’histoire de l’esprit public à Paris. Paris, 1912.

  Beevor, A., and Cooper, A., Paris After the Liberation. London, 1994.

  Belloc, H., Paris. London, 1920.

  Bidou, H., Paris. London, 1939.

  Bredin, J.-D., The Affair: The Case of Alfred Dreyfus. New York, 1986.

  Briggs, R., Early Modern France, 1506–1715. Oxford, 1977.

  Castelot, A., Paris the Turbulent City. London, 1962.

  Castries, Duc de, The Lives of the Kings and Queens of France. London, 1979.

  Champigneulle, B., Paris: architectures, sites et jardins. Paris, 1973.

  Clunn, H., The Face of Paris: The Record of a Century’s Changes and Developments. London, 1933.

  Cobb, R., Promenades. Oxford, 1980.

  ———, The Streets of Paris. London, 1980.

  ———, Tour de France. London, 1976.

  Cole, R., A Traveller’s History of Paris. Gloucester, 1944.

  Couperie, P., Paris Through the Ages. London, 1971.

  Dark, S., Paris. London, 1926.

  Dill, M., Paris in Time. New York, 1975.

  Ehrlich, B., Paris on the Seine. London, 1962.

  Evenson, N., Paris: A Century of Change, 1878–1978. New Haven, 1979.

  Favier, J., Nouvelle Histoire de Paris. Paris, 1974.

  Franklin, A., La Vie privée d’autrefois. Paris, 1973.

  Gallienne, R. le, From a Paris Garret. London, 1943.

  Harvey, P., and Heseltine, J. E. (eds.), The Oxford Companion to French Literature. Oxford, 1959.

  Hillairet, J., Dictionnaire historique des rues de Paris (2 vols.). Paris, 1957–61.

  Hofbauer, M. F., Paris à travers les ages: aspects successifs des monuments et cartiers historiques de Paris depuis le troisième siècle jusqu’au même jour. Paris, 1989.

  Laffont, R., Paris and Its People. Paris, 1958.

  Landes, A. and S., Paris Walks. Washington, D.C., 1979.

  Laver, J., The Age of Illustration: Manners and Morals, 1750–1848. London, 1972.

  Lavisse, E., Histoire de France jusqu’à la Révolution (9 vols.). Paris, 1901–11.

  Lefrançois, P., Paris à travers des siècles. Paris, 1948.

  Littlewood, I., Paris: A Literary Companion. London, 1987.

  Magne, E., Images de Paris sous Louis XIV. Paris, 1948.

  Maurois, A., History of France. Paris, 1949.

  Michelet, J., Histoire de France (17 vols.). Paris, 1901–11.

  Morice, B., Le Palais du Luxembourg et le destin des hommes. Paris, 1971.

  Neale, J. E., The Age of Catherine de Medici. London, 1943.

  Peyrefitte, A., The Trouble with France. New York, 1981.

  Polnay, P. de, Aspects of Paris. London, 1968.

  Russell, J., Paris. London, 1983.

  Salvadori, R., Architect’s Guide to Paris. London, 1990.

  Seignobos, C. (trans. C. A. Phillips), A History of the French People. Paris, 1939.

  Seward, D., The Bourbon Kings of France. London, 1976.

  Shennan, J., France Before the Revolution. London, 1983.

  Sue, E., Les Mystères de Paris. Paris, 1843.

  Sutcliffe, A., Paris: An Architectural History. New Haven, 1993.

  Tilly, C., The Contentious French. Cambridge, Mass., 1986.

  Topolski, F., Paris Lost. London, 1973.

  Vallois, T., Round and About Paris (3 vols.). London, 1995–7.

  Webster, P., and Powell, N., St. Germain des Prés. London, 1984.

  INTRODUCTION AND AGE ONE: 1180–1314

  Baldwin, J. W., Masters at Paris from 1179 to 1215: A Social Perspective in Renaissance and Renewal in the Twelfth Century, ed. R. L. Benson and G. Constable. Cambridge, Mass., 1982.

  Bjerken, M. P., Medieval Paris. New Jersey, 1937.

  Boussard, J., Nouvelle Histoire de Paris de la fin du siège de 885–886 à la mort de Philippe Auguste. Paris, 1976.

  Cazelles, R., Nouvelle Histoire de Paris de la fin du règne de Philippe Auguste à la mort de Charles V 1223–1380. Paris, 1972.

  Champion, P., La Vie de Paris au Moyen Age: l’avènement de Paris. Paris, 1933.

  Clanchy, M. T., Abelard: A Medieval Life. Oxford, 1997.

  Davies, N., Europe. London, 1996.

  Druon, M., The Accursed Kings (6 vols.). London, 1956–61.

  ———, The History of Paris from Caesar to Saint Louis. London, 1969.

  Duby, G., Le Dimanche de Bouvines. Paris, 1973.

  Eco, U., Art and Beauty in the Middle Ages. Milan/New Haven, 1986.

  Evans, J. (ed.), The Flowering of the Middle Ages. London, 1966.

  Geremek, B., The Margins of Society in Late Medieval Paris. New York, 1987.

  Gilson, E., Heloise and Abelard. Ann Arbor, Mich., 1960.

  Hallam, E. H., Capetian France. London, 1980.

  Holmes, U. T., Daily Living in the Twelfth Century: Based on the Observations of Alexander Neckan in London and Paris. Madison, Wis., 1952.

  Jordan, W. C., The French Monarchy and the Jews. Philadelphia, 1989.

  Lavisse, E. (ed.), Histoire de France jusqu’à la Révolution (vol. III, i and ii). Paris, 1901–11.

  Le Breton, G., Gesta Philippi Augusti, Philippidos (2 vols.). Paris, 1882–5.

  Martineau, J., Les Halles de Paris, des origines à 1789. Paris, 1960.

  Pope, A., Eloisa to Abelard in Poetical Works, ed. H. Davis. Oxford, 1966.

  Powicke, M., The Thirteenth Century, 1216–1307. Oxford, 1962.

  Radice, B. (ed.), The Letters of Abelard and Heloise. London, 1974.

  Ranum, O., Paris in the Age of Absolutism. New York, 1968.

  Rashdall, H., The Universities of Europe in the Middle Ages. Oxford, 1936.

  Russell, B., History of Western Philosophy. London, 1946.

  Suger, Abbot, Vie de Louis VI le Gros, ed. H. Waquet. Paris, 1929.

  Trevelyan, G. M., A History of England. London, 1926.

  AGE TWO: 1314–1643

  Babelon, J.-P., Nouvelles Histoires de Paris. Paris, 1986.

  ———, Les Demeures parisiennes sous Henri IV et Louis XIII. Paris, 1965.

  Briggs, R., Early Modern France, 1506–1715. Oxford, 1977.

  Champion, P., Paris au temps des guerres de religion. Paris, 1938.

  Corneille, P., Le Menteur. 1st
ed. 1643; Paris, 2000.

  Diefendorf, B., Beneath the Cross. Oxford, 1991.

  Druon, M., The Accursed Kings (6 vols.). London, 1956.

  Duffy, E., Saints and Sinners: A History of the Popes. London, 1997.

  Erlanger, G., La Vie quotidienne sous Henri IV. Paris, 1958.

  Franklin, A., Journal du Siège de Paris 1590. Paris, 1876.

  Fuller, J. F. C., The Decisive Battles of the Western World (vol. II). London, 1957.

  Garrisson, J., L’Edit de Nantes et sa révocation: histoire d’une intolerance. Paris, 1985.

  ———, Henri IV. Paris, 1984.

  ———, Marguerite de Valois. Paris, 1994.

  Greengrass, M., France in the Age of Henri IV. New York, 1984.

  Lavisse, E. (ed.), Histoire de France jusqu’à la Révolution (vol. VI, i and ii). Paris, 1900–11.

  L’Estoile, P. de, Journal pour le règne de Henri IV. Paris, 1943.

  Mousnier, R. E., The Assassination of Henri IV. London, 1973.

  Neale, J. E., The Age of Catherine de Medici. London, 1943.

  Rabelais, F., Pantagruel. Paris, 1534–64.

  Ranum, O., Paris in the Age of Absolutism. New York, 1968.

  Sutherland, N. M., The Massacre of St. Bartholomew and the European Conflict, 1559–1572. London, 1973.

  Thompson, J. W., The Wars of Religion in France, 1559–76. New York, 1958.

  Tuchman, B., A Distant Mirror: The Calamitous Fourteenth Century. New York, 1978.

  Wolfe, M., The Conversion of Henri IV: Politics, Power and Religious Belief in Early Modern France. Cambridge, Mass., 1993.

  Wood, J. B., The King’s Army: Warfare, Soldiers and Society During the French Wars of Religion, 1562–1576. Oxford, 1996.

  Ziegler, P., The Black Death. London, 1969.

  AGE THREE: 1643–1795

  Ashley, M., Louis XIV and the Greatness of France. London, 1946.

  Belloc, H., Paris. London, 1920.

  Briggs, R., Early Modern France, 1506–1715. Oxford, 1977.

  Castelnau, J.-T. de, Le Paris de Louis XIII, 1610–43. Paris, 1929.

  Cohen, E., Ninon de Lenclos. London, 1971.

  Courteault, H., La Fronde à Paris. Paris, 1930.

  Cronin, V., Louis XIV. London, 1964.

  Crousaz-Cretet, Paul de, Paris sous Louis XIV. Paris, 1938.

  Franklin, A., La Vie de Paris sous Louis XIV: début de règne. Paris, 1902.

  Garrisson, J., L’Edit de Nantes et sa révocation: histoire d’une intolerance. Paris, 1985.

  Gould, C., Bernini in Paris. London, 1981.

  Isherwood, C., Farce and Fantasy: Popular Entertainment in Eighteenth-Century Paris. Oxford, 1986.

  Jaurès, J., Histoire socialiste de la Révolution Française (vol. VI). Paris, 1972.

  Lavedan, P., Nouvelle Histoire de Paris: histoire de l’urbanisme de Paris. Paris, 1975.

  Laver, J., The Age of Illusion: Manners and Morals, 1750–1848. London, 1972.

  Lavisse, E. (ed.), Histoire de France jusqu’à la Révolution (vols. VII and VIII). Paris, 1900–11.

  Lenôtre, G., La Vie à Paris pendant la Révolution. Paris, 1936.

  Lister, M., A Journey to Paris in the Year 1697. Champaign, Ill., 1967.

  Lough, J., An Introduction to Seventeenth Century France. London, 1954.

  Magne, E., Images de Paris sous Louis XIV. Paris, 1948.

  ———, La Vie quotidienne sous Louis XIII. Paris, 1964.

  Mercier, S., Paris pendant la Révolution, 1789–1798. Paris, 1862.

  Methirier, H., Le Siècle de Louis XIII. Paris, 1994.

  Mitford, N., Madame de Pompadour. London, 1954.

  ———, The Sun King. London, 1976.

  Mongrédien, G., Madame de Montespan et L’Affaire des Poisons. Paris, 1953.

  ———, La Vie quotidienne sous Louis XIV. Paris, 1948.

  Pevitt, C., Philippe Duc d’Orléans, Regent of France. New York, 1997.

  Ranum, O., Paris in the Age of Absolutism. New York, 1968.

  Retz, Cardinal de (trans. P. Dovall), Memoirs. London, 1998.

  Saint-Simon, Louis de Rouvroy, Duc de, Mémoires (8 vols.). Paris, 1983–8.

  Schama, S., Citizens: A Chronicle of the French Revolution. London, 1989.

  Sévigné, Madame de, Lettres. London, 1927.

  Sutcliffe, A., Paris: An Architectural History. New Haven, 1993.

  Tapie, V.-L., France in the Age of Louis XIII and Richelieu. Cambridge, 1984.

  Tilly, C., The Contentious French. Cambridge, Mass., 1986.

  Tocqueville, A. de, L’Ancien Régime. Oxford, 1925.

  Trout, A., City on the Seine: Paris in the Time of Richelieu and Louis XIV. London, 1966/New York, 1996.

  Voltaire, F. M. A., Le Siècle de Louis XIV. Paris, 1947.

  Wedgwood, C. V., Richelieu and the French Monarchy. Harmondsworth, 1978.

  AGE FOUR: 1795–1815

  Aulard, F. A., Paris sous le Premier Empire: recueil des documents pour l’histoire de l’esprit public à Paris. Paris, 1912.

  Baudot, F., Mémoire du Style Empire. Paris, 1990.

  Biver, M.-L., Le Paris de Napoléon. Paris, 1963.

  Broglie, V. Duc de, Souvenirs, 1785–1870 (4 vols.). Paris, 1886.

  Bruce, E., Napoleon and Josephine: An Improbable Marriage. London, 1995.

  Chaptal, J.-A.-C., Mes Souvenirs sur Napoléon. Paris, 1893.

  Chateaubriand, F. R., Mémoires d’outre-tombe (3 vols.). Paris, 1951.

  Cobb, R., Paris and Its Provinces, 1792–1802. Oxford, 1975.

  Dallas, G., 1815: The Roads to Waterloo. London, 1996.

  Denon, D.-V., Correspondence. Paris, 1999.

  ———, L’Oeil de Napoléon (catalogue). Paris (Louvre), 1999–2000.

  Gallienne, R. le, From a Paris Garret. London, 1943.

  George, Mlle., A Favourite of Napoleon: Memoirs, ed. P. Cheramy. London, 1909.

  Horne, A., How Far from Austerlitz? Napoleon, 1805–1815. London, 1996.

  Hugo, V., Les Misérables (2 vols.). 1st ed. 1862; trans. London, 1976.

  Jack, B., George Sand. London, 1999.

  Keats, J., Stendhal. London, 1994.

  Laffont, R., Paris and Its People. Paris, 1958.

  Lanzac de Laborie, L. de, Paris sous Napoléon (8 vols.). Paris, 1900–13.

  Las Cases, E., Le Mémorial de Sainte-Hélène. Paris, 1951.

  Lefebre, G., Napoleon, 1807–15. London, 1969.

  May, G., Stendhal and the Age of Napoleon. New York, 1970.

  Menuret de Chaume, J.-J., Essais sur l’histoire médico-topographique de Paris. Paris, 1804.

  Reichardt, J. F., Vertrauten Briefe aus Paris, Geschrieben in den Jahren 1802 und 1803 (3 vols.). Hamburg, 1804.

  Rémusat, C. de, Mémoires de ma vie. Paris, 1958.

  Rice, H. C., Thomas Jefferson’s Paris. Princeton, 1976.

  Robiquet, J., Daily Life in France under Napoleon. London, 1962.

  Shepherd, W., Paris, 1802 and 1814. London, 1814.

  Sparrow, E., Secret Service: British Agents in France, 1792–1815. London, 1999.

  Thiers, A., Le Consulat et l’Empire. Paris, 1932.

  West, A., Mortal Wounds. London, 1975.

  Willms, J., Paris: Capital of Europe from the Revolution to the Belle Epoque. New York, 1997.

  AGE FIVE: 1815–1871

  Alméras, H. d’, Les Mystères de Paris. Paris, n.d.

  ———, La Vie parisienne sous la Restauration. Paris, 1958.

  Alphonse, L., De la salubrité de la ville de Paris. Paris, 1826.

  Apponyi, R., Journal du Comte Rodolphe Apponyi. Paris, 1926.

  Baldick, R. (ed.), Pages from the Goncourt Journal. London, 1902.

  Balzac, H. de, La Comédie humaine (12 vols.). Paris, 1976–81.

  ———, Le Père Goriot. Paris, 1835; trans. Harmondsworth, 1951.

  Baudelaire, C., Les Fleurs du mal. Paris, 1857.

  Bidou, H., Paris. London, 1939.

  Castries, Duc de, The Lives of the Kings and Queens of F
rance. London, 1979.

  Chastenet, J., Un Epoque de contestation: la monarchie bourgeoise (1830–1848). Paris, 1976.

  Child, Edwin, Private letters of Edwin Child (author’s collection).

  Cobb, R., Tour de France. London, 1976.

  Dark, S., Paris. London, 1926.

  Flaubert, G., L’Education sentimentale. Paris, 1864.

  Fuchs, R. G., Poor and Pregnant in Nineteenth Century Paris. New Brunswick, 1922.

  Gautier, T., Tableaux du Siège, Paris 1870–1871. Paris, 1886.

  Goncourt, E. and J. de, Journal: mémoires de la vie littéraire, ed. R. Ricutte (4 vols.). Paris, 1958.

  Guedalla, P., The Hundred Years. London, 1936.

  Haussmann, G.-E., Mémoires (3 vols.). Paris, 1894.

  Heine, H., Französische Zustände, in Sämtliche Schriften. Munich, 1975.

  Horne, A., The Fall of Paris: The Siege and the Commune, 1870–71. London, 1965.

  ———, The Terrible Year: The Paris Commune 1871. London, 1971.

  Howarth, T. E. B., Citizen King. London, 1961.

  Keats, J., Stendhal. London, 1994.

  Laver, J., The Age of Illusion: Manners and Morals, 1750–1848. London, 1972.

  Lewald, A., Ein Menschenleben, in Gesammelte Schriften (6 vols.). Leipzig, 1844.

  Luchet, A., Nouveau Tableau de Paris. Paris, 1935.

  Rambuteau, C.-P. B., Comte de, Mémoires du Comte de Rambuteau publiés par son petit-fils. Paris, 1905.

  Robb, G., Victor Hugo. London, 1997.

  Sue, E., Les Mystères de Paris. Paris, 1843.

  Sutcliffe, A., Paris: An Architectural History. New Haven, 1993.

  Tombs, R., The War Against Paris, 1871. Cambridge, 1981.

  Willms, J., Paris: Capital of Europe from the Revolution to the Belle Epoque. New York, 1997.

  Zola, E., Une Page d’amour; les Rougon-Macquart (5 vols.). Paris, 1960.

  AGE SIX: 1871–1940

  Baldick, R. (ed.), Pages from the Goncourt Journal. London, 1902.

  Bertie, Lord, Diaries, 1914–18 (2 vols.). London, 1924.

  Boothe, C., European Spring. London, 1941.

  Briggs, A., Fins de Siècle. London, 1996.

  Burns, M., Dreyfus: A Family Affair, 1789–1945. London, 1924.

  Bury, J. P. T., France, 1914–1940. London, 1949.

  Churchill, W. S., The Second World War (vol. II). London, 1949.

  Clemenceau, G., Discours de guerre. Paris, 1968.

 

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