Once in a Great City
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and Thomas sting operation, 154–55, 158
trial and acquittal of, 335–36
Giacalone, Vito “Billy Jack,” 75, 76, 80, 81, 82, 83, 155, 156, 157, 158
Gilchrist, A. B., 22, 227
Gillespie, Dizzy, 12, 52
Gillis, John A., 335–36
Giordano, Sammy, 76
Girard, Alexander “Sandro,” 115
Girard, Susan, 115
Girardin, Ray, 151, 188, 295
Gladys Knight and the Pips, 69
Glancy, Alfred Jr., 250, 256, 257–58, 260, 272
Glonka, Ray, 340
Goad, Louis, 88
Goldberg, Arthur, 213–14
Goldkette, Jean, 52, 190
Goldwater, Barry, 136, 224, 357, 370
Goodwin, Dick, 359
Goodyear: and Detroit Auto Show (1962), 25–26
Gordy, Anna (sister), 44, 53, 54, 55, 58, 296, 315
Gordy, Berry Jr.
appearance of, 54
assembly line influence on, 50–52, 61, 193, 195, 196, 276, 331
autobiography of, 315
awards and honors for, 97–98, 233
and battle of the bands, 328
Berry Sr. compared with, 45–46, 51
birthday celebration for, 296
and blues music, 52, 53
Bradford influence on, 56
childhood/youth of, 44–47, 190, 330–31
civil rights and, 129, 234–35
and Color story about Gordy family, 50
early musical career of, 51–55
and Edwards (Esther) death, 374
expectations of, 325
at Flame Show Bar, 283
Gordy family role of, 50
Gordy sisters’ relationship with, 42, 44–45, 53, 54, 55–56, 196
JFK and, 296
and JFk assassination, 285–86
Johnson (Ziggy) comments about, 315
King and, 178, 232–34, 235
and King’s “I Have a Dream” recording, 232–34, 238–40
and LBJ visit to Detroit, 365
Lombardi compared with, 195
in Los Angeles, 373, 374
Louis (Joe) as hero of, 50
March on Washington and, 234, 235
and McFarland’s death, 66
motivation of, 190
and Motortown Revue (1962), 59, 61–62, 66, 70, 97
musical education of, 46–47, 51–52
and musical luminescence of Detroit, 100
naming of son of, 296
Nashville visits of, 195
personal life of, 50, 56
personality and character of, 46–47, 53
sisters’ support for, 42, 44–45, 53, 54, 55, 56
as songwriter, 43, 47, 51, 53, 55, 56, 57–58, 62, 68, 70, 97, 190–91, 193, 296, 297, 326
Stepin Fetchit visit with, 296–97
at testimonial banquet for Gordy (Bertha), 331
and Walk to Freedom, 178
wealth of, 317
Gordy, Berry Jr., See also Graystone Ballroom and Gardens; Motown Records; specific person or singing group
Gordy, Berry Sr. (father), 11, 45–46, 50, 51, 55, 58, 296, 315, 374
Gordy, Bertha Ida Fuller (mother), 44, 45, 46, 50, 55, 296, 315, 330–31, 374
Gordy, Esther (sister). See Edwards, Esther Gordy
Gordy, Fuller (brother), 11, 44, 50, 315
Gordy, George (brother), 44, 315
Gordy, Gwen (sister), 44, 53, 54, 55, 58, 315
Gordy, Kennedy William (son), 296
Gordy, Loucye (sister), 44, 50, 55–56, 58, 315
Gordy, Raymona Liles “Ray” (second wife), 56, 58
Gordy, Robert (brother), 44, 315–16
Gordy, Thelma Coleman (first wife), 51, 56
Gordy family
Berry Jr.’s role in, 50, 331
Color magazine story about, 50
Esther’s role in, 374
Franklin (C. L.) and, 232
and Gotham Hotel courtesy code, 11
Motown Records and, 44, 55
rise of, 45, 331
at testimonial banquet for Gordy (Bertha), 331
See also specific family member
Gordy Printing Company, 11, 175
Gordy sisters
appearance of, 54
childhood and youth of, 11, 45
and Color story about Gordy family, 50
at Flame Show Bar, 283
and funding for Motown Records, 55
Gordy Jr.-Holiday picture taken by, 54
and Gordy Jr.’s birthday celebration, 296
Gordy Jr.’s relationship with, 42, 44–45, 53, 54, 55–56, 196
Motown Records and, 55–56, 58, 195
Powell (Maxine) as teacher of, 11
See also specific sister
gospel music, 53, 100
Gotham Club, 11
Gotham Hotel
as black social and cultural center, 10–12, 17
Conyers as salesman at, 332
courtesy code at, 11
demolition of, 15–16, 96, 228, 283, 312, 372
Ebony Room at, 123, 298
Hughes comments about, 11–12, 15
King comments about, 13
Lewis (Joe) at, 281
picture of, 8
raid at, 9–10, 13–15, 65, 78, 153, 370, 372
urban renewal and, 15
government: Reuther’s views about role and size of, 364–65
Graham, Billy, 350
Gratiot-Connors Property Owners Association, 244
Grayson, Robert, 299
Graystone Ballroom and Gardens, 189–90, 191, 228–29, 315–16, 328, 331, 365, 373
Great Society, LBJ’s, 362–65, 371
Greater Belmont Civic Association, 244
Greater Homeowners Council, 244
Greaves, Thomas G., 292
Grecian Gardens, 75, 79, 81, 157–58
Green, Al, 55
Greene, Doc, 73
Greene, Leo, 179
Greenfield Village, 86, 207–8, 209, 210, 213
Gregory, Dick, 129, 234
Grinnell Brothers Music House, 47, 49–50, 67, 71, 100, 243
Grinnell, Clayton, 49
Grinnell, Herbert, 49
Grinnell, Ira, 49
Groomes, Mel, 298
Grosse Pointe Brokers Association, 224
Grosse Pointe Farms
Country Club in, 337
as Ford home, 27, 206, 213
Laurie home on, 287
Grosse Pointe open-housing rally, 226, 227
Grosse Pointe point system, 223–24, 226, 244
Grosse Pointe University School, 287
Group on Advanced Leadership (GOAL), 275
Halberstam, David, 341
Hamer, Fannie Lou, 141
Hampton, Lionel, 301
Harge, George, 161, 162, 165, 180
Harris, Barry, 52
Hart, Lily, 58
Hart, Philip A., 253
Hartman, Johnny, 296
Hartz, Albert D., 10
Harwell, Ernie, 174
Hatcher, Harlan, 356, 361
hate letters, 187–88
Hattiesburg, Mississippi: civil rights movement in, 332–33
Hay, Eduardo, 268
Hayden, Martin S., 82, 89, 250, 257–58, 260–61, 264–65, 267, 272, 294, 336, 357–58
Hayes, Louis, 52
head “gift,” 336
“Heat Wave” recording, 197, 319
Heller, Walter W., 322
Henry, Aaron, 140, 171
Henry Ford Centennial Week, 207
Henry Ford Museum, 286
Henry Ford Plaza, 207
Henry, Milton, 275
Henry, Richard, 275
Herling, John, 82, 83
Higginbotham, A. Leon, 313
Hitler, Adolf, 209, 210
Hitsville Platter (Motown Records in-house newsletter), 104
Hodges, Ed, 261–62
Hoffa, Jimmy, 293, 37
1
Hogge, E. V., 226–27
Holiday, Billie, 54, 283
Holland, Brian, 56, 98, 319, 327, 330
Holland, Eddie, 98, 319, 327, 330
Holland, Sharon, 319
Holland-Dozier-Holland. See Dozier, Lamont; Holland, Brian; Holland, Eddie
Holt, Bud, 78
Holt, Redd, 177
Home Federal Savings and Loan Association, 55
Home Juice Company, 156, 158, 335
homelessness, 309–10
Hood, Nicholas, 124–25, 127–28, 167–68, 173, 175, 186, 235, 273
Hoover, J. Edgar, 149, 294
Hope Academy, 368–69. See also Winterhalter School
Hornung, Paul, 81
Horton, Willie, 298
House of Diggs (mortuary), 96–97
housing
civil rights and, 223–28, 240–45, 280, 311, 371
and Detroit’s bid for 1968 Summer Olympics, 254–56, 262–63, 267–68, 270
and Grosse Pointe point system, 223–24, 226
hate mail about, 227
and King’s “I Have a Dream” speech, 184
and landlord bill, 241–42
and Patrick-Ravitz proposal, 240–45, 248, 254–55, 262, 270, 280, 310, 311
protests about, 254–56
during World War II, 225
Howard Theater (Washington, D.C.)
Martha and Vandellas 2014 appearance at, 375
and Motortown Revue (1962), 43, 61, 62, 281, 375
Howe, Gordie, 74
Hudson (J. L.) Company (department store), 49–50, 148, 163–64, 252
Hudson Motor Car Company, 247
Hughes, Langston, 11–12, 15, 70
Hughson Ford Dealership, 348
Humphrey, Hubert, 137, 288, 295
Huntley, Chet, 25, 36
Hutchinson, B. E., 112, 115, 287
“I Have a Dream” speech, King’s
in Detroit, 180–86, 232–34, 238–40, 300, 365
importance of, 279
lawsuit concerning, 239–40
Malcolm X views about, 276
and March on Washington, 180–86, 238–40, 364
Michigan Chronicle views about, 310
Motown recordings of, 232–34, 238–40
Iacocca, Lee
and Cardinal sub-compact car, 31
firing of, 372
and Ford advertising, 107, 108, 109–10, 117
Ford (Henry II) and, 217, 220, 221, 372
Ford mission statement from, 118
and Ford-sponsored merchandising fair, 339
Galaxie 500 XL introduction by, 343
goal of, 109–10
Laurie and, 116
Mustang and, 340, 341, 346–47, 348–49
philosophy of, 218
professional background of, 217
sales/marketing abilities of, 217–18
and T-5 project, 117, 118–19, 218, 220–21
Illustrated News, 126, 131, 231, 273
Improved Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, 331
Ink Spots, 11, 47
Internal Revenue Service, U.S. (IRS), 10, 13
International Ladies Garment Workers Union, 236
International Olympic Committee (IOC)
Baden-Baden meeting of, 251, 252, 253, 254, 256–71
and Brundage visit to Detroit, 247–51
and Congressional support for Detroit’s bid, 252
decision of, 268–71, 272
and Detroit’s initial bid for 1968 Summer Olympics, 87–88
dossier/intelligence gathering about members of, 253, 258–59
geopolitics of, 261–62
JFK and Detroit’s bid for Olympics, 252, 253, 266
Kennedy (Robert) letter to, 253, 270
International Talent Management Inc. (ITMI), 195
J. Walter Thompson advertising agency (JWT)
Detroit offices of, 112–13, 117, 119, 218, 220, 338
employees purchase of products advertised by, 342–43
Ford Motor and, 107–13, 116, 117, 118–19, 218–21, 304, 343
and Ford sponsored merchandising fair, 339
and Mustang, 340, 341, 342, 346, 347, 348–49
and New York World’s Fair (1964), 350
owl trademark of, 111
T-5 project and, 117, 118–19, 218–21
Jackson, Avery, 312
Jackson, Jesse, 369
Jackson, Mahalia, 126, 182–83
Jackson, Michael, 373
Jackson, Milt, 52
Jackson, Mississipi: civil rights movement in, 141
Jackson prison (Michigan): Supremes show at, 318
Jamal, Ahmad, 235
Jamerson, James, 196, 323
James, Etta, 54
Japan: auto industry in, 30, 306
Jeffries Housing Projects, 170
Jenkins, George, 299
Jenkins, Walter, 359
Jewish Community Council, 163
Jews, 53–54, 209–11, 224, 278
Jimmy the Barber, 158
J. M. Citron haberdashery, 85
Jobete Music, 56
jobs: race relations and, 49–50
John Birch Society, 244
John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts, 22
Johnson, Arthur L., 130, 147, 165–66, 174, 186, 255, 263
Johnson, Lady Bird, 37
Johnson, Lyndon B. “LBJ”
auto industry and, 303, 306–8, 320, 322
cars of, 308
Cavanagh and, 313–14, 315, 355–57, 358, 360, 365, 370
civil rights and, 289, 292–93, 303, 304–5
comments about Detroit by, 360, 363
Detroit Auto Show and, 22, 28, 36–37, 38
Detroit visits of, 22, 36–37, 289, 310, 351, 355–61, 365
domestic policy and, 304
“Economy of Opportunity” plan of, 304–5
elections of 1960 and, 292
elections of 1964 and, 307, 355, 358–59, 360, 361, 370
Ford (Henry II) and, 303, 356, 358–59, 360, 361, 365, 372, 373
Great Society of, 362–65, 371, 373
McNamara and, 303, 304, 307–8, 320
and New York World’s Fair (1964), 350–51, 352
race issues, 363
Reuther and, 137, 288–89, 292, 303, 304–5, 307, 308, 320, 356, 360–61, 364, 365
Romney and, 356–57, 360
State of the Union address by, 304
UAW and, 303
University of Michigan commencement speech by, 355, 356, 359, 361–65, 373
and vision of future world, 363
and war on poverty, 305
Johnson, Marv, 42
Johnson, Rafer, 262, 266–67
Johnson, Ziggy, 55, 70, 129, 283, 284, 300–301, 315, 318
Jones, Clarence, 240
Jones, Elvin, 52
Jones, Hank, 52
Jones, Quincy, 235
Jones, Thad, 52
Judiciary Committee, House, 236
Judiciary Committee, Senate: and Edwards appointment to U.S. Court of Appeals, 294, 295
Justice Department, U.S., 148, 293, 307
Kabaservice, Geoffrey, 224
Kahn, Albert, 2, 3, 9, 10, 21, 28, 49, 213, 344, 372
Kahn, Ruth, 3
Kaline, Al, 74
Kappa Alpha Psi fraternity, 168, 170
Karras, Alex, 74, 75, 76, 78, 79, 80, 81
Katzenback, Nicholas, 141–42
Keating Elementary School, 101
Keith, Damon, 126, 127–28, 140, 292, 293, 294
Keller, K. T., 30, 249
Kelsey-Hayes Wheel Company, 295
Kendricks, Eddie, 317
Kennedy, Jacqueline “Jackie,” 31–32, 33, 137, 286, 287
Kennedy, John F. “JFK”
African American appointments by, 292
“ask not” line of, 18, 184
assassination of, 284–91, 293, 296, 310, 334, 356, 364
black support for, 292
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and book boosting Detroit, 251–52
Brennan incident and, 21–22
cars of, 308
Cavanagh and, 9, 18, 39, 289–90, 314, 371
civil rights and, 138–39, 141–42, 145–46, 148–50, 162, 179, 182, 213, 226, 277, 278, 279, 291, 292, 304, 332
civil rights leaders meeting with, 148–50, 162, 180
and Cuban missile crisis, 36, 37, 39
and Detroit Auto Show (1962), 22, 31, 36, 37–38, 39
Detroit visits of, 17, 18–21, 22, 184, 251–52, 266, 285, 355
and Detroit’s bid for Olympics, 251–52, 266
elections of 1960 and, 18, 19, 137, 266, 292, 355
elections of 1962 and, 20, 22
Ford (Henry II) and, 21, 22–23, 28, 37–38, 286
Franklin (C. L.) and, 122, 290–91
Gordy’s song to commemorate, 296, 297
health of, 137
inauguration address of, 266
King and, 149, 162, 180, 292
labor-management advisory committee of, 22, 213–15, 216–17
and labor-union relations, 216
Malcolm X comments about, 277, 278
and March on Washington, 148, 149–50, 238
McNamara appointment by, 304
memorial services for, 290, 291
and naming of Gordy Jr.’s son, 296
New Frontier of, 18, 31, 85, 117, 355, 363
Reuther and, 137–39, 146, 148, 180, 236, 237, 238, 287–88
and Trade Expansion Act, 20
UAW and, 20, 137–38, 287
University of Michigan invitation to, 356
at U.S. Conference of Mayors, 141, 150
X-100 car (Lincoln Continental) of, 286
Kennedy, Joseph, 290
Kennedy, Kathleen “Kick,” 22
Kennedy, Robert F. “Bobby,” 82–83, 139, 148–49, 155–56, 237, 253, 270, 288, 293
Kennedy, Robert F. Jr., 290
Kenton, Stan, 52
King, B. B., 12, 54
King, Coretta Scott, 132, 140–41, 369
King, Gwen, 288
King, Martin Luther Jr.
assassination of, 184, 370
in Birmingham, 127, 128, 139, 140, 149, 161, 181, 280
birthday of, 171, 235, 370
black Muslim movement and, 334
Cavanagh and, 161, 187
Central Methodist Church speech of, 333
Cleage views about, 274
Cobo Hall/Walk to Freedom address of, 175, 177, 180–86, 231, 232–34, 238–39, 300
Detroit supporters of, 127–28, 158, 167
Detroit visits of, 139, 161–62, 164, 165, 168, 180–86, 333, 334, 335
Diggs and, 133
and dignity of protests, 256
and divisions within civil rights movement, 230–31
Edwards and, 161, 164, 174, 180, 202–3
Franklin (Clarence) and, 122–23, 132, 178, 180, 181, 231, 333
funeral of, 94, 297
goals for 1964 of, 334
Gordy Jr. and, 178, 232–34, 235, 238–40
at Gotham Hotel, 12–13, 15–16
hate letters about, 187