26 Demographic analysis by Kathi Vian for the 2009 Ten-Year Forecast report, presented at the annual retreat. http://www.iftf.org/node/2762.
27 The Institute for the Future. www.iftf.org.
28 Hersman, Erik. “Solving Everyday Problems with African Ingenuity.” Africa Good News, February 2009. http://www.africagoodnews.com/innovation/solving-everyday-problems-with-african-ingenuity.html.
29 Becker, Gene. “The Long Game.” Superstruct, 2008. http://www.superstructgame.org/SuperstructView/510.
30 Internet World Stats—Usage and Population Statistics.
CONCLUSION
1 Yudkowsky, Eliezer. “If You Demand Magic, Magic Won’t Help.” Less Wrong, March 22, 2008. http://lesswrong.com/lw/ou/if_you_demand_magic_magic_wont_help/.
2 That’s 5 million years dating back to the start of the hominid species timeline, at Australopithecus ramidus.
3 “Archaeological Tree-Ring Dating at the Millennium.” Journal of Archaeological Research, September 2002, 10(3): 243-75. http://www.springerlink.com/content/hhv8qd78hh7r5pfb/.
4 “Ancient Etruscans Were Immigrants from Anatolia, or What Is Now Turkey.” European Society of Human Genetics, press release, June 16, 2007. http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2007-06/esoh-aew061307.php; see also Wade, Nicholas. “DNA Boosts Herodotus’ Account of Etruscans as Migrants to Italy,” New York Times, April 3, 2007. http://www.nytimes.com/2007/04/03/science/03etruscan.html.
Index
Page numbers in italics refer to illustrations.
actionable next steps
adrenaline
Africa
Age of Conan
Age of Empires
airline travel
AKQA
algorithms
alternate reality games (ARGs)
for airline travel
based on Olympic Games
better hope for success generated by
closing generation gap in
collaboration in
creating new real-world communities with
creative accomplishment enabled in
definitions of
depression, anxiety and loneliness alleviated with
developing individual strengths in
difficult activities made more rewarding with
in educational reform movement
empowerment in
epic meaning in
fear of failing as absent in
feedback systems in
as global collaboratories
happiness hacking with
having more fun with strangers in
heroic purpose in
for illness recovery
main types of
meaningful choice in
meaningful rewards in
museum membership reinvented with
optimal experience design in
quality-of-life goals of
as renewing active community participation
satisfying work generated in real life tasks by
social connections generated by
as social motivation platforms
tracking of progress in
typical game traits shared by
video sharing in
wholehearted participation in
ambient sociability
Andersen, Michael
anxiety
Assassins
asynchronous gameplay
Atari
autotelic activities
avatars
ambient feedback of
leveling up of
in World of Warcraft
awe
Bateman, Christopher
Bejeweled
Ben-Shahar, Tal
beta-endorphins
Beyond Boredom and Anxiety (Csíkszentmihályi)
blissful productivity
Blow, Jonathan
Bogost, Ian
Born to Be Good (Keltner)
Bounce
Braid
Brain Age
Brand, Steward
Breakout
British parliament scandal
Buffy the Vampire Slayer
Bungie
Bushman, Brad
busywork
Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 2
cancer
Card, Nick
caretaking games
Carse, James P.
Cascio, Jamais
Castronova, Edward
casual games
cemeteries
Cerulo, Karen
Character Strengths and Virtues (Seligman and Peterson)
charter schools
chess
China
Chore Wars
Christel House
Civilization
collaboration
in ancient games
ARGs in
cocreation in
collective intelligence in
common ground in
definition of
as distinctive human capability
distinguishing individual strengths in
evolution of games as platform of
game industry innovations in
games with epic scales of; see also forecasting games; massive multiplayer collaboration projects
in MMORPGs
nongamer skills of
shared intentionality in
three distinct kinds of effort in
see also collective intelligence
collaboration radar
collaboration superpowers
expanded efforts in developing of
global collaboratories for building of
ten-thousand hour reality fix and
collaborative creation systems
collaboratories
collective intelligence in
global cooperation in
collective commitment
collective intelligence
in collaboratories
in forecasting games
in MMORPGs
Wikipedia as project of
see also human intelligence tasks
Come Out & Play festival
Comfort of Strangers
“communitas,”
community-building games
computer and video games
addictive quality of
algorithms in
ambient sociability in
average time spent on
casual forms of
collaboration and cooperation in
collaboration innovations in
education reform and
empowerment in
enthralling power of
epic meaning in
epic wins in
as “escapist” entertainment
fun failure in
gamer regret and
as global collaboratories
“god” and planetary-simulation
hard fun in
hope for success in
leveling up in
mentoring in
as motivational platforms
New Games theory as influence on
positive activation in
as pushing to limits of own abilities
real-life helpful behavior inspired by
resource building in
satisfying work in
social connections and rewards of
sports genre in
trash-talking in
work and reward cycle in
see also games, gaming; online games; social network games and applications; specific digital games
concept ARGs
Cookman, Daniel
co-op mode
Crawford, Matthew
Crecente, Brian
crowd games
dancing in
social connections in
see also crowdsourcing projects; massive multiplayer collaboration projects
crowdsourcing projects
citizen science research in
clear goals in
collabor
ation in
distributed computing initiatives in
empowerment in
epic meaning in
feedback in
for fighting diseases
for fighting hunger
fundraising in
game-like structure of
heroic purpose and extreme-scale goals in
human intelligence tasks in
intrinsic rewards of
Investigate Your MP’s Expenses as
satisfying work in
social connections in
social participation games and tasks in
sustainable engagement economy as crucial in
Wikipedia as
see also massive multiplayer collaboration projects
Crowley, Dennis
Cruel 2 B Kind (C2BK)
Csíkszentmihályi, Mihály
Curry, Andrew
dancing
games of
Davis, Kevan
Day in the Cloud
death, thinking of
de Botton, Alain
DeKoven, Bernie
Democratic Central African Republic (DCAR)
depression
evolutionary origins of
games in alleviating of
low-engagement activities and
dice games
discovery work
distributed computing initiatives
Donath, Judith
dopamine
Dorsey, Richard
DotSUB
EA Sports
EA Sports Active
ecosystems thinking
Edelman, Joe
education
Einstein, Albert
Eklund, Ken
Ekman, Paul
emergensight
Emerson, Ralph Waldo
emotional activation
feedback systems and
fiero in
as fix for reality
game design and
intrinsic rewards of
state of flow and
of working at limit of abilities
endorphins
energy crisis
games as sparking creativity and activism in
online conservation games for
environmental crisis
epic scales as fix for reality
of game context
of game environments
of game projects
of global collaboratories
of “god games,”
intrinsic rewards in
massive collaboration in
of Neolithic-era environments
in sports genre
of world-changing massive collaboration projects
epic wins
in social participation games
Etruscans
euphoria
eustress (positive stress)
Evans, Simon
Evokation Station
EVOKE
experience sampling method (ESM)
Extraordinaries, The
extrinsic rewards
Facebook
Fahey, Rob
famine
FarmVille
feedback systems
ambient avatar
in crowdsourcing projects
intensity of
leveling up in
in massive collaboration projects
phasing as form of
positive failure in
potential downfalls of
in real-life activities
three types of
festivals, game
fiero
First Aid Corps
flexible optimism
Flickr
flow, state of
Folding@home
Fold It!
food crisis
forecasting games on energy crisis
on food supply issues
long-term thinking in
optimism in
organizing planetary change in
as raising public awareness
on refugee crisis
social innovation skills in
strategies for keeping players engaged in
superstructures invented in
worst-case scenarios imagined in
see also world-changing games
Foursquare
Free Rice
Friedman, Thomas
Friend, Tad
fun failure
game communities
collaborative culture in
collective intelligence in
creating of
in crowdsourcing and massive collaboration projects
discussion forums in
user profiles in
game consoles
Game Developers Conference
game industry and design
addiction dilemma and
collaboration innovations in
emotional evolution of
epic aesthetics employed in
growth of
positive psychology and happiness engineering in
gameplay emotions
ambient sociability and
awe in
empowerment in
eustress in
fiero in
in fun failure
happy embarrassment in
hard fun and
industry research on
neurochemical reactions in
prosocial
relentless optimism in
satisfying work in provoking of
state of flow in
vicarious pride in
see also emotional activation
gamer regret
gamers
addiction of
collaboration skills and superpowers of
creative abilities of
cultural bias against
diverse demographic of
Einstein as
emotional advantages and skills conferred on
epic wins of
fun failure of
growing numbers of
helpful behavior displayed by
interest in music of
“mass exodus” of
neurochemical reactions in
planet craft skills of
problem-solving abilities of
real-world causes taken up by
ten-thousand-hour theory and
as valuable source of participation bandwidth
volunteering by
Gobekli Tepe
“god games,”
golf
good game community
good game mechanics
Google Apps
Google Docs
graveyard games
Greece, ancient
Groundcrew
Guardian
Guitar Hero series
Gun
Gupta, Vinay
“hacking,”
Halo 3
collaborative creation system in
collaborative knowledge projects in
epic context of
epic environment of
Hand, Nathan
Happier (Ben-Shahar)
happiness
ARGs for adopting habits of
four secrets to making of
in hard and satisfying work
in hard fun vs. relaxing fun
neurochemistry in
prosocial emotions and
state of flow and
in wholehearted participation
see also positive psychology
happiness activities
dancing as
games for participating in
neurochemistry in
see also intrinsic rewards
happiness hacks
Happiness Myth, The (Hecht)
happy embarrassment
hard fun
Hawkins, Robert
health care games
Hecht, Jennifer Michael
hedonic adaptation
Herodotus
Hersman, Eri
k
Hide & Seek Weekender festival
high ping quotient (high PQ)
high-stakes work
Howe, Jeff
How of Happiness, The (Lyubomirsky)
Huizinga, Johan
human intelligence tasks (HITs)
in citizen science research projects
in Investigate Your MP’s Expenses
IBM
Independent Television Service (ITVS)
India
in-flight games
injury and illness recovery games
Institute for the Future (IFTF)
Ten-Year Forecast of
International Olympic Committee
Internet
crowdsourcing projects on
discussion forums on
game-learning resources on
see also online games; social networks
intrinsic rewards
extrinsic vs.
four categories of
of wholehearted participation
see also happiness
introverts
Investigate Your MP’s Expenses
iPhones
iPods
jen ratio
Jetset
Johnson, Clay
Johnson, Simon
Juul, Jesper
Keltner, Dacher
Keyes, Corey Lee M.
Koster, Ralph
Lazzaro, Nicole
Left 4 Dead
Leith, Sam
leveling up
in alternate reality games
in educational programs
in massive collaboration projects
Lexulous
life-management ARGs
Little Big Planet
live event ARGs
location-based games
Long Game
long-term thinking
Lost Joules
Lost Ring
chaotic storytelling in
Codex of
collective intelligence and knowledge-sharing in
global cooperation in
massively distributed content in
strategies for inspiring global cooperation in
Luce Foundation Center for American Art
Lydians
Lyubomirsky, Sonja
McDonald’s
MacShane, Denis
Mann, Merlin
Maslow, Abraham
massive multiplayer games
massively multiplayer collaboration projects
massively multiplayer foresight
see also forecasting games
massively single-player online games
phasing in
resource building in
satisfying work in
social connections and rewards in
Wikipedia structured as
see also crowd games; online games
Maxis Software
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology
Mechanical Turk
mentoring
microinteractions
M.I.N.D. Lab
Reality Is Broken: Why Games Make Us Better and How They Can Change the World Page 42