Miles, General Nelson A. Personal Recollections and Observations of General Nelson A. Miles. Chicago: The Werner Company, 1896.
Mooney, James. The Ghost-Dance Religions and Wounded Knee. New York: Dover Publications, 1973.
Moses, L. G. Wild West Shows and the Images of American Indians 1883–1993. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico, 1996.
Neihardt, John G. Black Elk Speaks. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1932.
O’Moran, M. Red Eagle, Buffalo Bill’s Adopted Son. Philadelphia and New York: J.B. Lippincott Company, 1948.
Pfaller, Louis. “Enemies in ’76, Friends in ’85—Sitting Bull and Buffalo Bill.” Prologue, The Journal of the National Archives, Fall 1969.
Philbrick, Nathaniel. The Last Stand. New York: Penguin Group, 2010.
Pollack, Eileen. Woman Walking Ahead: In Search of Catherine Weldon and Sitting Bull. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 2002.
Pope, Dennis C. Sitting Bull, Prisoner of War. Pierre: South Dakota State Historical Society Press, 2010.
Powell, Lawrence Clark. Southwest Classics. Pasadena, CA: Ward Ritchie Press. 1975.
Powers, Thomas. The Killing of Crazy Horse. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2010.
Priest, Loring Benson. Uncle Sam’s Stepchildren: The Reformation of United States Indian Policy, 1865–1887. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1942.
Reddin, Paul. Wild West Shows. Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 1999.
Riley, Glenda. The Life and Legacy of Annie Oakley. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1994.
Rinella, Steven. American Buffalo: In Search of a Lost Icon. New York: Spiegel & Grau, 2009.
Rosa, Joseph G., and Robin May. Buffalo Bill and His Wild West. Wichita: University Press of Kansas, 1989.
Russell, Don. The Lives and Legends of Buffalo Bill. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1960.
———. The Wild West, or, A History of Wild West Shows. Fort Worth, TX: Amon Carter Center for Western Art, 1970.
Sagala, Sandra K. Buffalo Bill, Actor: A Chronicle of Cody’s Theatrical Career. Bowie, MD: Heritage Books, Inc., 2002.
———. Buffalo Bill on Stage. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 2008.
Sandoz, Mari. The Buffalo Hunters. New York: Hastings House, 1954.
Sayers, Isabelle S. Annie Oakley and Buffalo Bill’s Wild West. New York: Dover Publications, 1981.
Scott, Douglas D., Peter Bleed, and Stephen Damm. Custer, Cody, and Grand Duke Alexis: Historical Archaeology of the Royal Buffalo Hunt. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 2013.
Sell, Henry Blackman, and Victor Weybright. Buffalo Bill and the Wild West. Cody, WY: Big Horn Books, 1979.
Spring, Agnes Wright. Buffalo Bill and His Horses. Fort Collins, CO: B&M Print Co., 1953.
Stillman, Deanne. Mustang: The Saga of the Wild Horse in the American West. Boston and New York: Mariner Books/Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2009.
Sublette, Ned. The Year Before the Flood, A Story of New Orleans. Chicago: Lawrence Hill Books, an imprint of Chicago Review Press, 2009.
Triggs, Stanley G. Le Studio de William Notman/William Notman’s Studio, Musée McCord d’Histoire Canadienne. Montreal, Canada: 1992.
Triggs, Stanley G. William Notman: The Stamp of a Studio. Toronto: Art Gallery of Ontario/The Coach House Press, 1985.
Turner, Frederick W. North American Indian Reader. New York: Penguin Books, Ltd., 1973.
Utley, Robert M. The Lance and the Shield: The Life and Times of Sitting Bull. New York, NY: Ballantine Books, a division of Random House, 1993.
Utley, Robert M. The Last Days of the Sioux Nation. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1963.
———. Sitting Bull: The Life and Times of an American Patriot. New York: A Holt Paperback, Henry Holt & Company, 2008.
———. The Story of the American West and Its People. New York: DK Publishing, 2003.
Vangen, Roland Dean. Indian Weapons. Palmer Lake, CO: Filter Press, 1972.
Vestal, Stanley. New Sources of Indian History. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1934.
———. Sitting Bull: Champion of the Sioux. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1957.
Visscher, William Lightfoot. Buffalo Bill’s Own Story of His Life and Deeds, 1917; introduction; public domain reprint.
Walsh, Richard J., and Milton S. Salsbury. The Making of Buffalo Bill: A Study in Heroics. Kissimmee, FL: The International Cody Family Association; reprint of first edition, The Bobbs Merrill Company, 1928.
Warren, Louis S. Buffalo Bill’s America: William Cody and the Wild West Show. New York: Vintage Books, 2006.
Wissler, Clark. Indians of the United States: Four Centuries of Their History and Culture. Garden City, NY: Doubleday & Company, Inc., 1946.
Witt, Shirley Hill, and Stan Steiner. The Way. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1972.
Yenne, Bill. Sitting Bull. Yardley, PA: Westholme Publishing, 2009.
Yost, Nellie Snyder. Buffalo Bill: His Family, Friends, Fame, Failures, and Fortunes. Chicago: The Swallow Press Inc., 1979.
CATALOGUES
Buffalo Bill and the Wild West—Brooklyn Museum; Museum of Art, Carnegie Institute; Buffalo Bill Historical Center, including “The Indians,” essay by Vine Deloria, Jr., distributed by the University of Pittsburgh Press, 1981.
“The Last Years of Sitting Bull” exhibit, North Dakota Heritage Center, State Historical Society of North Dakota, Bismarck, ND, June 1–September 30, 1984.
Legends of the West Auction—Heritage Auctions, Dallas, Texas, June 10, 2012.
Legends of the West II Auction—Heritage Auctions, Dallas, Texas, December 11–12, 2012.
ARTICLES FROM SITTING BULL’S TOUR WITH THE WILD WEST
Telegraphic Notes, “Daily Evening Bulletin,” San Francisco, June 11, 1885.
“Sioux Warriors: Sitting Bull and Other Braves Coming to Join a ‘Wild West’ ” Show,” Milwaukee Sentinel, June 11, 1885.
“The Sitting Bull Party,” Bismarck Daily Tribune, June 12, 1885.
“Greek Meets Greek: A Thrilling and Romantic Encounter Between Redskin and Pale Face Chieftains,” Buffalo Courier, June 13, 1885.
“Chief Sitting Bull,” Evening Star, Washington, DC, June 24, 1885.
“Sitting Bull in War Paint,” The Sun, New York, June 24, 1885.
“The Wild West Visits the War Department in War Paint,” Wheeling Register, June 28, 1885.
“Buffalo Bill’s ‘Wild West.’ ” Boston Post, July 20, 1885.
“The Wild West at Beacon Park.” Boston Post, July 28, 1885.
“Buffalo Bill’s Barbecue,” Boston Post, July 31, 1885.
“Buffalo Bill et le Wild West Show,” La Patrie, August 11, 1885.
“The Day That Custer Fell.” Springfield Globe-Republic, August 11, 1885.
Arkansas City Republican, August 15, 1885, as quoted on Little Big Horn Associates Message Board: http://thelbha.proboards.com/thread/1707/1st-sgt-john-ryan.
“Les Adieux de Buffalo Bill,” La Patrie, August 17, 1885.
“The Bill and Bull Show,” Toronto Globe, August 24, 1885, excerpted here: http://sandyscollectedthoughts.com/buffalo-bill-and-sitting-bull-play-cowboys-and-indians-in-toronto-wild-west-sho/
“With Sitting Bull/How the Chief Traveled as a Star,” Salt Lake City Herald, August 30, 1885.
“Buffalo Bill’s Wild West.” Grand Rapids Evening Leader, September 12, 1885.
“Sitting Bull/A Half Hour in the Tent of the Sioux Chief—He Talks about the Campaign Against His People.” Grand Rapids Evening Leader, September 12, 1885.
“Buffalo Bill’s Wild West.” Weekly Graphic, Kirksville, MO, October 2, 1885.
“Buffalo Bill.” St. Louis Sunday Sayings, October 18, 1885.
OTHER ARTICLES
“General Custer’s Expedition into the Sacred Land of the Sioux,” New York Herald, June 19, 1874.
“The Black Hills, A Timely Caution,” The New York Herald, August 29, 1874.
“Sitting Bull Tells the
Story of the Fight,” New York Times, April 3, 1881.
Bates, Charles Francis. “Redmen and Whites Honor Custer’s Memory; Fiftieth Anniversary of Famous Battle to Be Celebrated this Week on Little Big Horn,” New York Times, June 10, 1926.
Coggeshall, Bruce. http://www.readex.com/blog/sensational-hair-raising-blood-curdling-penny-awful-american-life-ned-buntline, June 1, 2012.
Collard, Edgar Andrew. “Buffalo Bill’s Big Show Thrilled Montrealers,” Montreal Gazette, January 18, 1986.
Deahl, William E., Jr. “Buffalo Bill’s Wild West Show in New Orleans.” Louisiana History: The Journal of the Louisiana Historical Association, vol. 16, no. 3, summer 1975, pp. 289–98.
Goodyear, Frank H., III. “Wanted: Sitting Bull and His Photographic Portrait.” South Dakota History, vol. 40, no. 2, 2010.
Hittman, Michael. “Wovoka, Paiute Prophet and the Ghost Dance.” History, March/April 2011.
Houting, Beth A., “Indian Rights Associations.” www.PhiladelphiaEncyclopedia.org.
Kerstetter, Todd. “Spin Doctors at Santee: Missionaries and the Dakota-Language Reporting of the Ghost Dance and Wounded Knee.” The Western Historical Quarterly, vol. 28, no. 1, spring 1997, pp. 45–67.
Lalire, Gregory. “More Than the World’s Greatest Showman: Buffalo Bill Was a Brave Scout Who Impressed Generals.” Wild West, February 2009.
Lemons, William E. “History by Unreliable Narrators: Sitting Bull’s Circus Horse.” Montana: The Magazine of Western History, vol. 45, no. 4, autumn–winter, 1995.
Markley, Bill. “Guarding Custer’s Guidon.” True West, May 13, 2013.
Rinehart, Melissa. “To Hell with the Wigs! Native American Representation and Resistance at the World’s Columbian Exposition.” The American Indian Quarterly, Fall 2012.
Salsbury, Nate. “The Origin of the Wild West Show.” Colorado, vol. 52, no. 4, fall 1975.
Stillson, Jerome. “Sitting Bull Talks.” New York Herald, November 16, 1877.
West, Elliott. “Soothsayer Sitting Bull’s Ability to Embrace the Great Mystery and Commune with Meadowlarks Make Him One of America’s Greatest Spiritual leaders.” American History, August, 2011.
LIBRARIES AND ARCHIVES
Annie Oakley Center at Garst Museum, Greenville, Ohio—questions regarding Annie Oakley and her friendship with Sitting Bull, http://www.annieoakleycenterfoundation.com/centeratgarst.html.
Buffalo Bill Historical Center, Cody, Wyoming. Records and news accounts of Buffalo Bill, Sitting Bull, and the Wild West.
Buffalo Bill Museum and Grave, Golden, Colorado. Records and news accounts of Buffalo Bill, his travels, and the Wild West.
Center of Southwest Studies, Fort Lewis College—Indian Rights Association Pamphlets, Years: 1884–1985. Durango, Colorado.
Historical Society of Pennsylvania—Indian Rights Association, Records, 1830–1986 (Collection 1523), hsp.org.
Huntington Library, San Marino, California. Extensive holdings in American history, especially the West, including rare books and early cavalry manuals; accounts of the Indian wars in newspapers, magazines, academic journals, and periodicals published by historical associations; explorer, settler, and war veteran diaries and memoirs; nineteenth-century documents and records.
Kalamazoo Public Library—newspaper accounts of the Wild West in Michigan.
Library of Congress—American Memory digital archives for a range of material, including photographs of Sitting Bull, Buffalo Bill, and Annie Oakley and cast members of the Wild West, images and postcards from the Wild West, nineteenth-century treaties, documents, and memorabilia.
New-York Historical Society—newspaper accounts of the Wild West in Buffalo, New York.
New York Public Library—“Reminiscences of Nate Salsbury,” Billy Rose Theatre Division.
New York State Library—newspaper accounts of the Wild West in Buffalo, New York.
St. Louis Public Library—newspaper accounts of the Wild West in St. Louis, Missouri.
The State Historical Society of Missouri—newspaper accounts of the Wild West in St. Louis, Missouri.
State Historical Society of North Dakota—holdings pertaining to life at the Standing Rock Agency, Sitting Bull, and the Indian wars.
State Archives of the South Dakota Historical Society, South Dakota Manuscripts Collection, Autobiography of Mary C. Collins in Her Handwriting.
University of Michigan Libraries—newspaper accounts of the Wild West in Michigan.
Walter Stanley Campbell Collection, “Correspondence with Chief Standing Bear,” author of My People, the Sioux, University of Oklahoma, Western History Collections, includes information from One Bull regarding Sitting Bull and the Little Big Horn.
Welch Dakota Papers, Oral History of the Dakota Tribes, 1800s–1945, as told to Colonel A.B. Welch, Welch Dakota Papers, Red Tomahawk interview, 1915–http://www.welchdakotapapers.com/
DOCUMENTARIES
PBS, The West, directed by Stephen Ives, episodes about William F. Cody and Sitting Bull.
PBS, American Experience, Annie Oakley episode.
ILLUSTRATION CREDITS
1. Wikimedia Commons
2. Published in Heroes of the Plains by J. W. Buel, Historical Publishing Company, 1881
3. Library of Congress
4. Library of Congress
5. Library of Congress
6. Cowan’s Auctions
7. Library of Congress
8. No credit
9. Library of Congress
10. South Dakota Historical Society, South Dakota Digital Archives
11. University of Michigan Libraries
12. Library of Congress
13. Library of Congress
14. Library of Congress
15. Library of Congress
16. Wikimedia Commons
INDEX
A note about the index: The pages referenced in this index refer to the page numbers in the print edition. Clicking on a page number will take you to the ebook location that corresponds to the beginning of that page in the print edition. For a comprehensive list of locations of any word or phrase, use your reading system’s search function.
Aberdeen Daily, 224
abolitionism, see slavery
Adirondack Murray (W. H. Murray), 146–47, 179
Adventures of Buffalo Bill, The (documentary), 234
Alexander II, Czar, 62
Alexis Alexandrovich, Grand Duke, 62–63, 66–72
Allen, Alvaren, 94
American Bison Society, 245
American Buffalo (Rinella), 46, 245
American History, 232, 233
Annie Get Your Gun (play), 126
Annie Oakley (Kasper), 92, 128
Annie Oakley of the Wild West (Havighurst), 98
Arlington and Fields Combination, 20
Arthur, Chester A., 16
Arvol Looking Horse, Chief, xix
“Attack on the Settler’s Cabin” (Wild West performance), 163–64
Autobiography (Cody), 60
Barry, D. F., 177, 201
Basil Brave Heart, xvi
Batchelor, C. W., 13, 14
Bear’s Heart, 114
Bedloe’s Island, 54
Bell, Alexander Graham, 51
Benteen, Frederick, 78, 79
Bentley, Emma, 15
Berlin, Irving, 126
Big Foot, 222, 223, 232
Billings, Horace, 36
Bills, C. J., 31
Black Coyote, 223
Black Diamond (buffalo), 236, 245
Black Elk, xv, xvi, xvii, 81–82, 105–7
Black Elk Peak, xv, xvi
Black Elk Speaks (Neihardt), xvi
Black Hills, 73–74, 87, 176
Black Jack (horse), 230
Black Kettle, 46
Black Moon, 64
Black Shield, 192
Bleed, Peter, 68
bloketu (Time of the Warm Moons), 97
Bloody Knife, 79
Blue Water, Massacre at, xv
> Bogardus, Captain, 137
Bone Tomahawk, 6, 13
142
Wild West in, 164–68
Sitting Bull dines with reporters, 166
adoption of Nate Salsbury, 167–68
Breckenridge Place, 34, 40
Brigham (horse), 44, 47–48
Brooklyn, Hatching of idea for Wild West in restaurant, 52–53
Brooklyn Bridge, Native American band at opening, 197–98
Brooks, E. C., 220
Brotherton, David H., 4, 6, 8–9, 12
Brown, Dee, 19
Brown, John, 36
buffalo, buffalo hunting:
appearance at Lakota ceremony, 161
appearance of white buffalo, 108
Black Elk’s dream and, xv
buffalo endurance and, 110
called “PTE” in Lakota, 118, 119
by Cody, 43–45
depletion of herds, 46–47, 155
in Hickok’s Wild West show, 93–94
impact of railroads on, 43–45, 118–19
meaning of wasichu and, 104
“The Millionaires’ Hunt” 62
Native Americans and, 44, 46
Notman photo and newborn calf, 180–81
restored to West, 245–46
Royal Buffalo Hunt, 62–63, 66–72
Sitting Bull’s respect for, 118
as star of Wild West, 159–60
U.S. government and, 34
Buffalo Bill, the King of the Border Men (Buntline), 50
Buffalo Bill and His Horses (Spring), 43
Buffalo Bill and the Wild West (Sell and Weybright), 36, 92–93
Buffalo Bill Cody (Carter), 36
Buffalo Bill Historical Center, 87, 234
Buffalo Bill’s America (Warren), 38, 62, 164
Buffalo Courier, 116, 120, 124, 138
Buffalo Soldiers (Twenty-fifth Infantry), 17–18
Bull Head, 211, 217, 218, 219
Bunnell’s Museum, 125
Buntline, Ned, 48–50, 52
Bureau of Catholic Indian Missions, 23
Bureau of Indian Affairs, U.S., 11, 23–24, 94
Burke, John M., 116, 138–39
as Cody’s publicist, 166, 234
hires Sitting Bull for Wild West, 24, 91–102
takes Sitting Bull on tour of St. Louis, 181–82
Blood Brothers Page 28