The Road Not Taken

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by Max Boot


  1 EGL to Harriman, Feb. 26, 1977, HI/EGL, box 3.

  2 Friedman, Covert, 90; AI/FV.

  3 EGL to CTRB, Feb. 5, 1975, CCP, box 13, file 198.1.

  4 PK postscript, EGL to CTRB, May 23, 1975, CCP, box 13, file 198.1.

  5 PK to EGL, July 4, 1977, PYPP.

  6 AI/PLCL.

  7 EGL to PK, May 12, 1979, PYPP.

  8 AI/AM.

  9 Los Angeles Times, Jan. 14, 1986.

  10 AI/JKS.

  11 EGL to brothers, Nov. 29, 1986, GBPP.

  12 OSD to OSD Security, “Memo for the Record,” May 16, 1984, HI/EGL, box 5.

  13 Nation, July 7–14, 1984.

  14 EGL interview, Journal of Defense & Diplomacy, July 1983.

  15 EGL to brothers, Aug. 17, 1983, GBPP.

  16 CTRB to EGL, June 28, 1982, CCP, box 13, file 198.1.

  17 EGL to CTRB, July 17, 1982, CCP, box 13, file 198.1.

  18 EGL to CTRB, Jan. 9, 1982, CCP, box 13, file 198.1.

  19 EGL to Peter Richards, Dec. 14, 1983, CCP, box 13, file 200.

  20 EGL to Hubert Pooley, Oct. 4, 1983, CCP, box 5, file 103.

  21 AI/DI.

  22 EGL to Hubert Pooley, Oct. 4, 1983, CCP, box 5, file 103.

  23 EGL to Cecil Currey, Jan. 8, 1986, CCP, box 10, file 190.

  24 VVA Veteran, Dec. 1986.

  25 WP, Feb. 24, 1987.

  26 AI/PLCL.

  27 AI/ELCL.

  28 NYT, Feb. 24, 1987.

  29 WP, Feb. 26, 1987.

  30 Nation, March 7, 1987.

  31 Currey to Dorothy Bohannan, March 11, 1987, CCP, box 13, file 198.1.

  32 Colby to EGL, Nov. 1, 1982, HI/EGL, box 2.

  33 Currey to Dorothy Bohannan, March 11, 1987, CCP, box 13, file 198.1.

  34 “Edward Geary Lansdale Memorial Service,” GBPP.

  35 Phillips, “A Eulogy for Ed Lansdale,” Feb. 27, 1987, GBPP.

  36 Currey to Dorothy Bohannan, March 11, 1987, CCP, box 13, file 198.1.

  37 Currey to Peter Richards, April 15, 1987, CCP, box 13, file 200.

  AFTERWORD: Lansdalism in the Twenty-First Century

  1 EGL to Rose Kushner, March 21, 1983, HI/EGL, box 4.

  2 EGL, Foreword, in Millett, Short, ix.

  3 EGL to CTRB, March 10, 1980, CCP, box 13, file 198.1.

  4 http://usacac.army.mil/cac2/Repository/Materials/COIN-FM3-24.pdf.

  5 EGL, Foreword, in Millett, Short, ix.

  6 EGL to Robert Komer, May 30, 1971, HI/EGL, box 4.

  7 EGL, draft memoir, HI/EGL, box 76, file 264.

  8 EGL to Lawrence E. Grinter, Jan. 17, 1975, HI/EGL, box 3.

  9 EGL to Stacy Lloyd, Feb. 26, 1976, HI/EGL, box 1.

  10 Colby interview, March 5, 1987, MLEPP.

  11 EGL to Lawrence E. Grinter, Jan. 17, 1975, HI/EGL, box 3.

  12 EGL, draft memoir, HI/EGL, box 76, file 264.

  13 Joe Redick interview, March 19, 1987, MLEPP.

  14 Kraemer interview, March 19, 1987, MLEPP.

  SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY

  AUTHOR INTERVIEWS

  AI: Ann Ingram

  AM: Andy Messing Jr.

  BD: Bui Diem

  BP: Barbara Phillips

  CM: Calvin Mehlert

  CP: Clarita C. Pagulong

  CW: Charles Wolf Jr.

  DE: Daniel Ellsberg

  DG: Donald Gregg

  DI: Douglas Israel

  DN: Don North

  EC: Elyette Conein

  EJE: Edward Jay Epstein

  ELCL: Edward R. Lansdale and Carol H. Lansdale

  FAS: Frank and Arden Staroba

  FS: Frank Scotton

  FSJ: Frisco San Juan

  FV: Francisco Valeriano

  FW: Frank G. Wisner II

  GB: Ginger Brodie

  HG: Hershel Gober

  HK: Henry Kissinger

  HS: Harvey Segall

  JD: John Deutsch

  JED: Joseph E. diGenova

  JKS: John K. Singlaub

  JRB: James R. Bullington

  JTF: Jerome T. French

  LHG: Leslie H. Gelb

  LPR: Leah Pelaez-Ramos

  ML: Mark Lynch

  MLE: Marc Leepson

  NVC: Nguyen Van Canh

  PLCL: Peter Lansdale and Carolyn Lansdale

  PT: Peter Tarnoff

  RM: Ramon B. Magsaysay

  RNG: Richard N. Goodwin

  RP: Rufus Phillips

  RVA: Richard V. Allen

  RWS: Richard W. Smith

  SK: Sven Kraemer

  SVW: Samuel V. Wilson

  TN: Thai Nguyen

  TNC: Tran Ngoc Chau

  TVD: Ted Van Dyk

  VH: Victor Hugo

  VHL: Vu Hoang Linh

  ARCHIVES

  AM: Ayala Museum, Manila.

  EQP: Elpidio Quirino Papers.

  CRP: Carlos Romulo Papers.

  ADST: Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training, Arlington, Virginia.

  THOH: Theodore J. C. Heavner Oral History, 1997.

  CCP: Cecil Currey Papers, Fort Hays State University, Kansas.

  CHA: Centre Historique des Archives à Vincennes, France.

  CU: Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Columbia University, New York City.

  HR: Harper & Row Records.

  WWN: W. W. Norton & Co. Records.

  DDEPL: Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Library, Abilene, Kansas.

  JLCP: J. Lawton Collins Papers, Special Mission to Vietnam, 1954–1955.

  ECLPP: Edward R. and Carol H. Lansdale Personal Papers, Garden City, New York.

  GBPP: Ginger Brodie Personal Papers, Maple Shade, New Jersey.

  HI: Hoover Institution, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California.

  CB: Charles T. R. Bohannan Papers.

  EGL: EGL Papers.

  EGLOH/CRS: EGL Oral History, Congressional Research Service, box 79, file 285.

  RVA: Richard V. Allen Papers.

  STW: Samuel T. Wilson Papers.

  HKP: Henry A. Kissinger Papers, Part II, Series I, Manuscripts and Archives, Yale University Library, New Haven, Connecticut.

  HSTPL: Harry S. Truman Presidential Library, Independence, Missouri.

  MMC: Myron M. Cowen Papers.

  JFMOH: John F. Melby Oral History Interview.

  JFKPL: John F. Kennedy Presidential Library, Boston.

  EGLOH: EGL Oral History.

  JCT: James C. Thomson Personal Papers.

  MGB: McGeorge Bundy Oral History.

  NSF: National Security Files.

  POF: President’s Office Files.

  RG: Richard Goodwin Papers.

  RWR: Richard W. Reuter Papers.

  VHKOH: Victor H. Krulak Oral History.

  LBJPL: Lyndon Baines Johnson Presidential Library, Austin, Texas.

  EDOH: Elbridge Durbrow Oral History.

  EGLOH: EGL Oral History.

  KBOH: Keyes Beech Oral History.

  LCOH: Lucien Conein Oral History.

  NSF/VCF: National Security Files, Vietnam Country Files.

  RHOH: Richard Helms Oral History.

  RLGOH: Roswell L. Gilpatric Oral History.

  STWOH: Samuel T. Williams Oral History.

  WJCOH: William J. Connell Oral History.

  WWP: William Westmoreland Papers.

  WWROH: Walt W. Rostow Oral History.

  LOC: Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.

  CVWS: EGL Collection of Vietnam War Songs.

  NS: Neil Sheehan Papers.

  MCA/GBE: Graves B. Erskine Papers, Marine Corps Archives and Special Collections Branch Library, Gray Research Center, Quantico, Virginia.

  MFF: Mary Ferrell Foundation, Ipswich, Massachusetts.

  DEGL: Deposition of EGL, May 16, 1975.

  IG: Report on Plots to Assassinate Fidel Castro (1967 Inspector General’s Report)

  TEGL: Testimony of EGL, July 8, 1975.

  TLC: Testimony of Lucien Conein.

  TRH13: Testimony of Richard Helms.

  TRH
17: Testimony of Richard Helms.

  TRH18: Testimony of Richard Helms.

  TRSM: Testimony of Robert S. McNamara.

  TSH: Testimony of Samuel Halpern.

  TTP: Testimony of Thomas Parrott.

  TWE: Testimony of Walter Elder.

  TWH: Testimony of William Harvey.

  MHS/HCL: Henry Cabot Lodge Papers, Massachusetts Historical Society, Boston.

  MNH/HHH: Hubert H. Humphrey Papers, Minnesota Historical Society, St. Paul, Minnesota.

  MLEPP: Marc Leepson Personal Papers, Middleburg, Virginia.

  MMM: MacArthur Memorial Museum, Norfolk, Virginia.

  MSFRIC/EGL: EGL Papers, Muir S. Fairchild Research Information Center, Maxwell Air Force Base, Montgomery, Alabama.

  MSU/WRF: Wesley R. Fishel Papers, Michigan State University Archives and Historical Collections, East Lansing, Michigan.

  NARA: National Archives and Record Administration, College Park, Maryland.

  CREST: CIA Records Search Tool.

  JFKARB: JFK Assassination Review Board, Part I: Kennedy Administration Policy toward Cuba.

  RG 84: State Department.

  RG 226: OSS.

  RG 263: CIA.

  RG 330: Secretary of Defense.

  RG 541: Kennedy Assassination Records Review Board.

  NSA: National Security Archives, George Washington University, Washington, D.C.

  CMC: Cuban Missile Crisis, 1962.

  EGL: EGL Papers.

  EGL/SMM: Saigon Military Mission report.

  RGD: Raymond Garthoff Donation Relating to the Cuban Missile Crisis.

  NWC: Naval War College, Newport, Rhode Island.

  EGL: EGL Interview.

  RASP: Raymond A. Spruance Papers.

  NYP: New York Public Library, New York, New York.

  ASP: Arthur Schlesinger Jr. Papers.

  PCLPP: Peter and Carolyn Lansdale Personal Papers, Ponte Verde Beach, Florida.

  PYPP: Patricia Yi Personal Papers, McLean, Virginia.

  RPPP: Rufus Phillips Personal Papers, Arlington, Virginia.

  RAC: Rockefeller Archives Center, Sleepy Hollow, New York.

  RMNPL: Richard M. Nixon Presidential Library, Yorba Linda, California.

  RMP: Ramon Magsaysay Papers, Magsaysay Award Foundation, Manila.

  RSPP: Rebekka Slone Personal Papers, Lindenhurst, New York.

  SGMML: Seeley G. Mudd Manuscript Library, Princeton University.

  AWDP: Allen W. Dulles Papers.

  JFDP: John Foster Dulles Papers.

  UCLA: UCLA University Archives, Library Special Collections, Los Angeles, California.

  CCNOH: Cyril C. Nigg Oral History.

  USAFA/EGLOH: EGL Oral History, U.S. Air Force Academy, Colorado Springs, Colorado.

  VCA: Vietnam Center and Archives, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas.

  BZOH: Barry Zorthian Oral History.

  DPC: Douglas Pike Collection.

  LBC: Larry Berman Collection.

  OWOH: Ogden Williams Oral History.

  RPP: Rufus Phillips Papers.

  VNA: Vietnam National Archives No. 2, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.

  OPFR: Office of the President of the First Republic.

  PA: Photo Archives.

  WGBH: Stanley Karnow interviews for WGBH’s Vietnam: A Television History, 1979, http://openvault.wgbh.org/catalog/vietnam-the-vietnam-collection.

  EGL: EGL Interview.

  JLC: J. Lawton Collins Interview.

  WJLP: William J. Lederer Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Massachusetts, Amherst.

  BOOKS AND MAGAZINE ARTICLES

  Abueva, Jose V. Ramon Magsaysay: A Political Biography. Manila: Solidaridad Publishing, 1971.

  Ahern, Thomas L., Jr. CIA and the House of Ngo: Covert Action in South Vietnam, 1954–63. Washington, DC: CIA History Staff, 2000.

  ______. Vietnam Declassified: The CIA and Counterinsurgency. Lexington: University Press of Kentucky, 2010.

  Alsop, Stewart, and Thomas Braden. Sub Rosa: The O.S.S. and American Espionage. New York: Reynal & Hitchcock, 1946.

  Ambrose, Stephen E. Eisenhower. Vol. 2, The President. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1984.

  Ashby, LeRoy, and Rod Gramer. Fighting the Odds: The Life of Senator Frank Church. Pullman: Washington State University Press, 1994.

  Atkinson, Rick. The Day of Battle: The War in Sicily and Italy, 1943–1944. New York: Henry Holt, 2007.

  ______. The Guns at Last Light: The War in Western Europe, 1944–1945. New York: Henry Holt, 2013.

  Bass, Thomas A. The Spy Who Loved Us: The Vietnam War and Pham Xuan An’s Dangerous Game. New York: PublicAffairs, 2009.

  Bell, Daniel, et al. Report to the President by the Economic Survey Mission to the Philippines. Washington, DC: Department of State, Oct. 9, 1950.

  Berman, Edgar. Hubert: The Triumph and Tragedy of the Humphrey I Knew. New York: G. P. Putnam’s Sons, 1979.

  Berman, Larry. Perfect Spy: The Incredible Double Life of Pham Xuan An, Time Magazine Reporter and Vietnamese Communist Agent. New York: HarperCollins, 2008.

  Bernstein, Richard. The East, the West, and Sex: A History of Erotic Encounters. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2009.

  Beschloss, Michael, ed. Reaching for Glory: Lyndon Johnson’s Secret White House Tapes, 1964–1965. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2002.

  ______. Taking Charge: The Johnson White House Tapes, 1963–1964. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1997.

  Bird, Kai. The Good Spy: The Life and Death of Robert Ames. New York: Crown, 2014.

  Bissell, Richard M. Reflections of a Cold Warrior: From Yalta to the Bay of Pigs. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1996.

  Black, Conrad. Richard M. Nixon: A Life in Full. New York: PublicAffairs, 2007.

  Blagov, Sergei. Honest Mistakes: The Life and Death of Trinh Minh Thé (1922–1955): South Vietnam’s Alternative Leader. Huntington, NY: Nova Science, 2001.

  Blair, Anne. Lodge in Vietnam: A Patriot Abroad. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1995.

  Bodard, Lucien. The Quicksand War: Prelude to Vietnam. Boston: Little, Brown, 1967.

  Bohning, Don. The Castro Obsession: U.S. Covert Operations Against Cuba, 1959–1965. Washington, DC: Potomac Books, 2005.

  Boot, Max. Invisible Armies: An Epic History of Guerrilla Warfare from Ancient Times to the Present. New York: Liveright, 2013.

  ______. The Savage Wars of Peace: Small Wars and the Rise of American Power. 2nd ed. New York: Basic Books, 2014.

  Braestrup, Peter. Big Story: How the American Press and Television Reported and Interpreted the Crisis of Tet 1968 in Vietnam and Washington. Novato, CA: Presidio Press, 1994.

  Branch, Taylor, and George Crile III. “Our Secret War on Cuba.” Harper’s, Aug. 1975.

  Brinkley, Douglas, and Luke A. Nichter, eds. The Nixon Tapes: 1971–1972. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2014.

  ______. The Nixon Tapes: 1973. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2015.

  Brogi, Alessandro. Confronting America: The Cold War between the United States and the Communists in France and Italy. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2011.

  Buell, Thomas B. The Quiet Warrior: A Biography of Admiral Raymond A. Spruance. Boston: Little, Brown, 1974.

  Bugliosi, Vincent. Reclaiming History: The Assassination of President John F. Kennedy. New York: W. W. Norton, 2007.

  Bui Diem, with David Chanoff. In the Jaws of History. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1999.

  Burr, William, and Jeffrey P. Kimball. Nixon’s Nuclear Specter: The Secret Alert of 1969, Madman Diplomacy, and the Vietnam War. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2016.

  Butler, Jon, Grant Wacker, and Randall Balmer. Religion in American Life: A Short History. 2nd ed. New York: Oxford University Press, 2011.

  Caputo, Philip. A Rumor of War. New York: Henry Holt, 1996.

  Caro, Robert A. The Power Broker: Robert Moses and the Fall of New York. New York: Vintage Books, 1975.

  ______. The Years of Lyndon John
son. Vol. 2, Means of Ascent. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1990.

  ______. The Years of Lyndon Johnson. Vol. 4, The Passage of Power. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2012.

  Catton, Philip E. “Counter-Insurgency and Nation Building: The Strategic Hamlet Program in South Vietnam, 1961–1963.” International History Review, Dec. 1999.

  ______. Diem’s Final Failure: Prelude to America’s War in Vietnam. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2002.

  The Centennial History of Chautauqua County. Vol. 2. Jamestown, NY: Chautauqua History Co., 1904.

  Chapman, Jessica M. Cauldron of Resistance: Ngo Dinh Diem, the United States, and 1950s Southern Vietnam. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2013.

  Clifford, Clark, with Richard Holbrooke. Counsel to the President: A Memoir. New York: Random House, 1991.

  Colby, William, with James McCragar. Lost Victory: A Firsthand Account of America’s Sixteen-Year Involvement in Vietnam. Chicago: Contemporary Books, 1989.

  Colby, William, and Peter Forbath. Honorable Men: My Life in the CIA. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1978.

  Collins, J. Lawton. Lightning Joe: An Autobiography. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1979.

  Conboy, Kenneth, and Dale Andrade. Spies & Commandos: How America Lost the Secret War in North Vietnam. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2000.

  Cooper, Chester L. The Lost Crusade: America in Vietnam. New York: Dodd, Mead, 1970.

  Coram, Robert. Brute: The Life of Victor Krulak, U.S. Marine. New York: Little, Brown, 2010.

  Corn, David. Blond Ghost: Ted Shackley and the CIA’s Crusades. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1994.

  Cosmas, Graham A. MACV: The Joint Command in the Years of Escalation, 1962–1967. Washington, DC: Center of Military History, 2006.

  Crawford, Michael, ed. The World Cruise of the Great White Fleet. Washington, DC: Naval Historical Center, 2007.

  Critchfield, Richard. The Long Charade: Political Subversion in the Vietnam War. New York: Harcourt, Brace & World, 1968.

  Cullather, Nick. Illusions of Influence: The Political Economy of United States–Philippines Relations, 1942–1960. Palo Alto, CA: Stanford University Press, 1994.

  Currey, Cecil B. Edward Lansdale: The Unquiet American. Washington, DC: Brassey’s, 1998.

  Dallek, Robert. Flawed Giant: Lyndon Johnson and His Times, 1961–1973. New York: Oxford University Press, 1998.

  ______. Lone Star Rising: Lyndon Johnson and His Times, 1908–1960. New York: Oxford University Press, 1991.

  ______. An Unfinished Life: John F. Kennedy, 1917–1963. New York: Little, Brown, 2003.

  DiFonzo, J. Herbie. “No Fault Marital Dissolution: The Bitter Triumph of Naked Divorce” (1994). http://scholarlycommons.law.hofstra.edu/faculty_scholarship/242.

 

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