The Grand Turk

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The Grand Turk Page 33

by Freely, John


  Malta

  Mamluks

  Manenti, Alvise

  Manetti, Giannozzo

  Manisa

  Manuel II Palaeologus, emperor

  Mara Branković, wife of Murat II

  Marcello, Bartolomeo

  Master George of Saxony

  Matteo de’Pasti of Verona, painter

  Matthias Corvinus, king

  Maximilian I, emperor

  Mehmet I, sultan

  Mehmet II, the Conqueror (Fatih) sultan

  birth xvi

  mother

  governor in Amasya

  circumcision

  governor in Manisa

  early studies

  serves as regent in Edirne for Murat II

  becomes sultan on abdication of Murat II

  first reign as sultan (1444-6)

  sent to Manisa as governor when Murat II resumes rule

  baptism of fire at second battle of Kosovo (1448)

  death of mother

  birth of son Beyazit

  marriage to Sitti Hatun

  birth of son Mustafa

  succeeds as sultan on death of Murat II

  has half-brother Küçük Ahmet murdered

  receives foreign envoys and signs treaties

  reorganises government

  leads expedition against Karamanid emir Ibrahim

  dispute with Constantine XI

  begins preparation for siege of Constantinople

  builds Rumeli Hisarı

  siege of Constantinople

  triumphal entry into city, thenceforth known as Istanbul

  converts Haghia Sophia into mosque

  treatment of prisoners

  execution of Grand Duke Notaras

  occupation of Galata

  spends summer of 1453 at Edirne Sarayı and receives foreign envoys

  returns to Istanbul and begins repopulating city

  appoints Gennadios as Greek Orthodox patriarch

  begins reconstruction of Istanbul

  negotiates with Venetians

  launches campaign into Serbia

  sends navy into Aegean

  captures Genoese colonies of Nea and Palaeo Phokaia along with islands of Imbros and Samothrace

  wounded in unsuccessful attempt to take Belgrade

  spends year at Edirne Sarayı

  his army captures Athens

  leads campaign into the Peloponnesos

  visits Athens

  visits Negroponte

  launches expedition into Serbia

  campaigns in Peloponnesos

  leads campaign into Serbia and captures Smederova

  conquers Peloponnesos and ends Byzantine rule in Greece

  birth of son Jem

  his army captures Genoese colony at Amasra

  conquers Trebizond and ends Byzantine empire of the Comneni

  leads invasion of Wallachia

  captures Lesbos

  visits Troy

  builds navy

  builds fortresses on Dardanelles

  leads campaign in Bosnia

  conquers most of Hercegovina

  his army captures Venetian fortress at Argos

  Venice declares war and recaptures Argos

  leads expedition into Bosnia

  annexes Hercegovina

  spends year in new palace of Topkapı Sarayı

  leads campaigns in Albania against Skanderbeg

  launches campaign against Karamanids

  conquers Negroponte

  his army captures Venetian fortresses in the Peloponnesos

  renews campaign against Karamanids

  leads victorious campaign against Uzun Hasan

  death of son Mustafa

  executes Mahmut Pasha

  launches expedition into Albania

  launches expeditions into

  Moldavia and Wallachia

  sends raiders into Croatia, Friuli, Hungary and Austria

  sends fleet to Crimea and captures Kaffa

  launches raid in Hungary

  leads invasion of Moldavia and Wallachia

  leads campaign into Serbia and Hungary

  launches campaigns into Greece and Albania

  sends raiders into Friuli

  leads expedition into Albania

  signs peace treaty ending war with Venice

  sends fleet into Ionian Islands

  sends fleet to capture Georgian fortresses in eastern Black Sea

  sits for portrait by Gentile Bellini

  inactive in 1479-80 because of ill health

  launches unsuccessful expedition against Rhodes

  launches invasion of Italy and captures Otranto

  musters army for new campaign

  leads army into Anatolia as far as Gebze, where he dies on 3 May 1481

  body returned to Istanbul for burial

  celebrations in Europe on his death

  Descriptions of Mehmet by Cyriacus of Ancona by Brother George of Mühlenbach by Giacomo de’ Languschi

  his violent temper

  his fitness to rule

  his imperial ambitions

  his administrative abilities

  his determination to conquer Constantinople

  his observance of Islam

  his discussions on religion with Gennadios

  his interest in Christianity

  his love for his mother

  his mourning for his son Mustafa

  Mehmet as a Renaissance prince

  his interest in philosophy

  his study of geography

  his study of astronomy

  his patronage of the astronomer Ali Kuşci

  his interest in ancient history

  his patronage of scholars and poets

  his poetry

  his patronage of artists

  his patronage of historians

  his patronage of architects

  Western opinions of Mehmet as a cruel barbarian tyrant ,

  Turkish reverence of Mehmet as a sainted warrior for the faith

  Mehmet IV, sultan

  Mehmet V Reşat, sultan

  Mehmet VI Vahidettin, sultan

  Mehmet Ali, ruler of Egypt

  Mehmet Husrev Pasha

  Melissourgos, Greek historian

  Menavino, Giovanni

  Mengli Giray, Crimean khan

  Mesih Pasha

  Methoni

  Mezid Bey

  Michael VIII Palaeologus, emperor

  Mihailović, Constantine

  Mihri Hatun, Turkish poetess

  Milan

  millets

  Minotto, Girolamo

  Mistra

  Mocenigo, Giovanni, Venetian doge

  Mocenigo, Pietro

  Mohacs, battle of

  Moldavia

  Molla Ahmet Gurani, Mehmet II’s teacher

  Montenegro

  Moro, Cristoforo, Venetian doge

  Muali, Turkish poet

  Mudanya armistice

  Mudros armistice

  Murad Bey

  Murat I, sultan

  Murat II, sultan

  Murat III, sultan

  Murat IV, sultan

  Murphey, Rhoads

  Musa, son of Beyazit I

  Mustafa III, sultan

  Mustafa, son of Mehmet II

  Mustafa Ali, Turkish historian

  Mustafa Kemal Pasha (Atatürk)

  Mustafa Pasha

  Mustafa Reşit Pasha

  Naples

  Nasuh Bey

  Nauplion (Nauplia)

  Nea Phokaia

  Negroponte (Chalkis)

  Nergiszade, daughter of Prince Mustafa

  Nesri, Turkish historian

  Nicholas I, tsar

  Nicholas V, pope xvii

  Nicopolis, battle of

  Notaras, Loukas, duke

  Ömer Bey

  Orhan Gazi, sultan

  Orhan, grandson of Beyazit I

  Osman II, sultan

  Osman III, sultan<
br />
  Osman Gazi xv

  Otranto

  Pachymeres, George

  Palaeo Phokaia

  Palestine

  Paris, treaty of

  peace conference

  Passarowitz, treaty of

  Patras

  Paul II, pope

  Pendinelli, Stefano, archbishop

  Persia (Iran)

  Pesaro, Lorenzo

  Philip the Good, duke

  Philip Villiers de L’Isle Adam

  Philippe de Commines

  Piero de’Medici

  Pierre d’Aubusson

  Pir Ahmet, Karamanid emir

  Piri Pasha

  Pius II, pope xv

  Pius III, pope

  Plethon, George Gemisthus

  Poland

  Poo, Juan

  Portugal, Portuguese

  Prussia

  Pugiese, Fra Giacomo

  Querini, Lazzaro

  Raby, Julian

  Radu cel Frumos, prince

  Ragusa (Dubrovnik)

  Rhodes

  Romania

  Romanus IV Diogenes, emperor I

  Rome

  Roxelana, wife of Süleyman the Magnificent

  Rum Mehmet Pasha

  Runciman, Steven

  Russia

  Sadoleto, Niccolo

  Sagundino, Niccolo

  Said, Edward

  Samothrace

  Santa Maura (Lefkas)

  Sanudo, Marino

  Sara Hatun, mother of Uzun Hasan

  Sarajevo

  Savelli, cardinal

  Schott, Peter

  Selim I, sultan

  Selim II, sultan

  Seljuk Turks

  Serbia

  Sèvres, treaty of

  Shkoder

  Sigismondo de’Conti

  Sigismund, king

  Silifke

  Sinan, Ottoman architect

  Sinan Bey, Turkish painter

  Sinan Pasha

  Sinop

  Sitti Hatun, wife of Mehmet II

  Sixtus IV, pope

  Skanderbeg

  Skopje

  Smederova

  Sofia

  Söğüt

  Sokollu Mehmet Pasha

  Soranzo, Vettore

  Spain, Spanish

  Spandugino, Teodoro

  Sphrantzes, George, Greek historian

  Stavrides, Theoharis

  Stephen VII Tomasević, king

  Stephen the Great, count

  Stephen Vukčić, duke

  Şükrüllah, Turkish historian

  Süleyman Baltaoğlu

  Süleyman the Magnificent, sultan

  Süleyman, son of Orhan Gazi

  Süleyman, son of Beyazit I

  Syria

  Tabriz

  Talat Pasha

  Tamerlane

  Taşköprüzade, Turkish historian

  Tenedos

  Thasos

  Theodosius I, emperor

  Theodosius II, emperor

  Theophilus Palaeologus

  Thessalonica

  Thomas Palaeologus, despot

  Tocco, Antonio

  Tocco, Leonardo III, duke

  Torcello, Giovanni

  Transylvania

  Trapezuntios, George

  Trebizond

  Trevisan, cardinal Ludovico

  Trevisano, Gabriele

  Tripoli

  Troy

  Trvtko, king

  Tunis

  Turkish Republic

  Tursun Beg, Turkish historian

  Ughurlu Mehmet, son of Uzun Hasan

  Ulu Beg, Timurid khan

  Ünver, Süheyl

  Urban, military engineer

  Uzun Hasan, Akkoyunlu chieftain

  Valona (Vlore)

  Varna, battle of (1444)

  Vendramin, Andrea, Venetian doge

  Venice, Venetians

  Vienna

  Vlachs

  Vlad II Dracul, prince

  Vlad III Tepeş (the Impaler), prince

  Volaterranus, Italian historian

  Wallachia

  Yashbak, Mamluk emir

  Yenişehir

  Yunus Bey

  Yusuf Mirza

  Zaganos Pasha

  Zante (Zakynthos)

  Zeno, Caterino

  Zeynep Hatun, Turkish poetess

  Zoë (Sophia), wife of Csar Ivan III

  Zorzi, Geronimo

  1. Mehmet II, portrait attributed to Sinan Bey, c. 1480

  2a. Mehmet II and a youth who may be Prince Jem, portrait attributed to Gentile Bellini

  2b. Mehmet II, portrait attributed to Constanza da’Ferrara

  3a. Rumelι Hisarι (right) and Anadolu Hisarι (left) on the Bosphorus

  3b. The Theodosian walls leading down to the Golden Horn

  4a. The original Mosque of the Conqueror dominating the skyline above the Golden Horn

  4b. Topkapι Sarayι above the point at the confluence of the Bosphorus and the Golden Horn

  5. Kapalι Çarşι, the Covered Bazaar

  6a. The Golden Horn viewed from the cemetery of Eyüp

  6b. Yedikule, the Castle of the Seven Towers

  7. Interior of Haghia Sophia as a mosque

  8a. Court and fountain of Haghia Sophia

  8b. Third Court of Topkapι Sarayι

 

 

 


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