by Freely, John
Malta
Mamluks
Manenti, Alvise
Manetti, Giannozzo
Manisa
Manuel II Palaeologus, emperor
Mara Branković, wife of Murat II
Marcello, Bartolomeo
Master George of Saxony
Matteo de’Pasti of Verona, painter
Matthias Corvinus, king
Maximilian I, emperor
Mehmet I, sultan
Mehmet II, the Conqueror (Fatih) sultan
birth xvi
mother
governor in Amasya
circumcision
governor in Manisa
early studies
serves as regent in Edirne for Murat II
becomes sultan on abdication of Murat II
first reign as sultan (1444-6)
sent to Manisa as governor when Murat II resumes rule
baptism of fire at second battle of Kosovo (1448)
death of mother
birth of son Beyazit
marriage to Sitti Hatun
birth of son Mustafa
succeeds as sultan on death of Murat II
has half-brother Küçük Ahmet murdered
receives foreign envoys and signs treaties
reorganises government
leads expedition against Karamanid emir Ibrahim
dispute with Constantine XI
begins preparation for siege of Constantinople
builds Rumeli Hisarı
siege of Constantinople
triumphal entry into city, thenceforth known as Istanbul
converts Haghia Sophia into mosque
treatment of prisoners
execution of Grand Duke Notaras
occupation of Galata
spends summer of 1453 at Edirne Sarayı and receives foreign envoys
returns to Istanbul and begins repopulating city
appoints Gennadios as Greek Orthodox patriarch
begins reconstruction of Istanbul
negotiates with Venetians
launches campaign into Serbia
sends navy into Aegean
captures Genoese colonies of Nea and Palaeo Phokaia along with islands of Imbros and Samothrace
wounded in unsuccessful attempt to take Belgrade
spends year at Edirne Sarayı
his army captures Athens
leads campaign into the Peloponnesos
visits Athens
visits Negroponte
launches expedition into Serbia
campaigns in Peloponnesos
leads campaign into Serbia and captures Smederova
conquers Peloponnesos and ends Byzantine rule in Greece
birth of son Jem
his army captures Genoese colony at Amasra
conquers Trebizond and ends Byzantine empire of the Comneni
leads invasion of Wallachia
captures Lesbos
visits Troy
builds navy
builds fortresses on Dardanelles
leads campaign in Bosnia
conquers most of Hercegovina
his army captures Venetian fortress at Argos
Venice declares war and recaptures Argos
leads expedition into Bosnia
annexes Hercegovina
spends year in new palace of Topkapı Sarayı
leads campaigns in Albania against Skanderbeg
launches campaign against Karamanids
conquers Negroponte
his army captures Venetian fortresses in the Peloponnesos
renews campaign against Karamanids
leads victorious campaign against Uzun Hasan
death of son Mustafa
executes Mahmut Pasha
launches expedition into Albania
launches expeditions into
Moldavia and Wallachia
sends raiders into Croatia, Friuli, Hungary and Austria
sends fleet to Crimea and captures Kaffa
launches raid in Hungary
leads invasion of Moldavia and Wallachia
leads campaign into Serbia and Hungary
launches campaigns into Greece and Albania
sends raiders into Friuli
leads expedition into Albania
signs peace treaty ending war with Venice
sends fleet into Ionian Islands
sends fleet to capture Georgian fortresses in eastern Black Sea
sits for portrait by Gentile Bellini
inactive in 1479-80 because of ill health
launches unsuccessful expedition against Rhodes
launches invasion of Italy and captures Otranto
musters army for new campaign
leads army into Anatolia as far as Gebze, where he dies on 3 May 1481
body returned to Istanbul for burial
celebrations in Europe on his death
Descriptions of Mehmet by Cyriacus of Ancona by Brother George of Mühlenbach by Giacomo de’ Languschi
his violent temper
his fitness to rule
his imperial ambitions
his administrative abilities
his determination to conquer Constantinople
his observance of Islam
his discussions on religion with Gennadios
his interest in Christianity
his love for his mother
his mourning for his son Mustafa
Mehmet as a Renaissance prince
his interest in philosophy
his study of geography
his study of astronomy
his patronage of the astronomer Ali Kuşci
his interest in ancient history
his patronage of scholars and poets
his poetry
his patronage of artists
his patronage of historians
his patronage of architects
Western opinions of Mehmet as a cruel barbarian tyrant ,
Turkish reverence of Mehmet as a sainted warrior for the faith
Mehmet IV, sultan
Mehmet V Reşat, sultan
Mehmet VI Vahidettin, sultan
Mehmet Ali, ruler of Egypt
Mehmet Husrev Pasha
Melissourgos, Greek historian
Menavino, Giovanni
Mengli Giray, Crimean khan
Mesih Pasha
Methoni
Mezid Bey
Michael VIII Palaeologus, emperor
Mihailović, Constantine
Mihri Hatun, Turkish poetess
Milan
millets
Minotto, Girolamo
Mistra
Mocenigo, Giovanni, Venetian doge
Mocenigo, Pietro
Mohacs, battle of
Moldavia
Molla Ahmet Gurani, Mehmet II’s teacher
Montenegro
Moro, Cristoforo, Venetian doge
Muali, Turkish poet
Mudanya armistice
Mudros armistice
Murad Bey
Murat I, sultan
Murat II, sultan
Murat III, sultan
Murat IV, sultan
Murphey, Rhoads
Musa, son of Beyazit I
Mustafa III, sultan
Mustafa, son of Mehmet II
Mustafa Ali, Turkish historian
Mustafa Kemal Pasha (Atatürk)
Mustafa Pasha
Mustafa Reşit Pasha
Naples
Nasuh Bey
Nauplion (Nauplia)
Nea Phokaia
Negroponte (Chalkis)
Nergiszade, daughter of Prince Mustafa
Nesri, Turkish historian
Nicholas I, tsar
Nicholas V, pope xvii
Nicopolis, battle of
Notaras, Loukas, duke
Ömer Bey
Orhan Gazi, sultan
Orhan, grandson of Beyazit I
Osman II, sultan
Osman III, sultan<
br />
Osman Gazi xv
Otranto
Pachymeres, George
Palaeo Phokaia
Palestine
Paris, treaty of
peace conference
Passarowitz, treaty of
Patras
Paul II, pope
Pendinelli, Stefano, archbishop
Persia (Iran)
Pesaro, Lorenzo
Philip the Good, duke
Philip Villiers de L’Isle Adam
Philippe de Commines
Piero de’Medici
Pierre d’Aubusson
Pir Ahmet, Karamanid emir
Piri Pasha
Pius II, pope xv
Pius III, pope
Plethon, George Gemisthus
Poland
Poo, Juan
Portugal, Portuguese
Prussia
Pugiese, Fra Giacomo
Querini, Lazzaro
Raby, Julian
Radu cel Frumos, prince
Ragusa (Dubrovnik)
Rhodes
Romania
Romanus IV Diogenes, emperor I
Rome
Roxelana, wife of Süleyman the Magnificent
Rum Mehmet Pasha
Runciman, Steven
Russia
Sadoleto, Niccolo
Sagundino, Niccolo
Said, Edward
Samothrace
Santa Maura (Lefkas)
Sanudo, Marino
Sara Hatun, mother of Uzun Hasan
Sarajevo
Savelli, cardinal
Schott, Peter
Selim I, sultan
Selim II, sultan
Seljuk Turks
Serbia
Sèvres, treaty of
Shkoder
Sigismondo de’Conti
Sigismund, king
Silifke
Sinan, Ottoman architect
Sinan Bey, Turkish painter
Sinan Pasha
Sinop
Sitti Hatun, wife of Mehmet II
Sixtus IV, pope
Skanderbeg
Skopje
Smederova
Sofia
Söğüt
Sokollu Mehmet Pasha
Soranzo, Vettore
Spain, Spanish
Spandugino, Teodoro
Sphrantzes, George, Greek historian
Stavrides, Theoharis
Stephen VII Tomasević, king
Stephen the Great, count
Stephen Vukčić, duke
Şükrüllah, Turkish historian
Süleyman Baltaoğlu
Süleyman the Magnificent, sultan
Süleyman, son of Orhan Gazi
Süleyman, son of Beyazit I
Syria
Tabriz
Talat Pasha
Tamerlane
Taşköprüzade, Turkish historian
Tenedos
Thasos
Theodosius I, emperor
Theodosius II, emperor
Theophilus Palaeologus
Thessalonica
Thomas Palaeologus, despot
Tocco, Antonio
Tocco, Leonardo III, duke
Torcello, Giovanni
Transylvania
Trapezuntios, George
Trebizond
Trevisan, cardinal Ludovico
Trevisano, Gabriele
Tripoli
Troy
Trvtko, king
Tunis
Turkish Republic
Tursun Beg, Turkish historian
Ughurlu Mehmet, son of Uzun Hasan
Ulu Beg, Timurid khan
Ünver, Süheyl
Urban, military engineer
Uzun Hasan, Akkoyunlu chieftain
Valona (Vlore)
Varna, battle of (1444)
Vendramin, Andrea, Venetian doge
Venice, Venetians
Vienna
Vlachs
Vlad II Dracul, prince
Vlad III Tepeş (the Impaler), prince
Volaterranus, Italian historian
Wallachia
Yashbak, Mamluk emir
Yenişehir
Yunus Bey
Yusuf Mirza
Zaganos Pasha
Zante (Zakynthos)
Zeno, Caterino
Zeynep Hatun, Turkish poetess
Zoë (Sophia), wife of Csar Ivan III
Zorzi, Geronimo
1. Mehmet II, portrait attributed to Sinan Bey, c. 1480
2a. Mehmet II and a youth who may be Prince Jem, portrait attributed to Gentile Bellini
2b. Mehmet II, portrait attributed to Constanza da’Ferrara
3a. Rumelι Hisarι (right) and Anadolu Hisarι (left) on the Bosphorus
3b. The Theodosian walls leading down to the Golden Horn
4a. The original Mosque of the Conqueror dominating the skyline above the Golden Horn
4b. Topkapι Sarayι above the point at the confluence of the Bosphorus and the Golden Horn
5. Kapalι Çarşι, the Covered Bazaar
6a. The Golden Horn viewed from the cemetery of Eyüp
6b. Yedikule, the Castle of the Seven Towers
7. Interior of Haghia Sophia as a mosque
8a. Court and fountain of Haghia Sophia
8b. Third Court of Topkapι Sarayι