Bahadur Shah Zafar II as a young man, c.1790. Add.Or.343, © British Library Board.
The celebrated blind sitar player, Ustad Himmat Khan, from James Skinner’s Tazkirat al-umara. Add 27255134V, © British Library Board.
View from the Lahore Gate, from Mazhar Ali Khan’s great Delhi Panorama. Add.Or.4126 3, © British Library Board.
A painter with his brushes and materials, from James Skinner’s Tazkirat al-umara, c.1830. Add 27255 258V, © British Library Board.
Mirza Mughal, by August Schoefft, c.1850. Courtesy of the Lahore Fort.
View over the Jama Masjid, from Mazhar Ali Khan’s great Delhi Panorama. Add.Or.4126 4, © British Library Board.
The Rao of Kotah’s visit to Delhi, c.1840. Collection of Stuart Cary Welch.
Portrait of Zafar, from Sir Thomas Metcalfe’s ‘Dehlie Book’, c.1845. Add.Or.5475 17, © British Library Board.
Zafar presides over his durbar, c.1840. © The Trustees of the Chester Beatty Library, Dublin.
Two elephants of state. V&A Images, Victoria and Albert Museum, London.
The durbar of the Nawab of Jhajjar in summer dress. Add.Or.4680, © British Library Board.
The Nawab of Jhajjar rides around his country garden on his pet tiger. Courtesy of the Cynthia Hazen Polsky Collection.
Detail of a Fraser Album page depicting Nine Horse Merchants, Delhi, c.1816-20. Photograph courtesy of Simon Ray, London.
A group of four soldiers, from the Fraser Album, attributed to Ghulam Ali Khan, c.1816-20. From the collection of Prince and Princess Sadruddin Aga Khan.
Mr Flowery Man, a celebrated Delhi ascetic, and his followers. V&A Images, Victoria and Albert Museum, London.
A group of Delhi Sufis and sadhus, yogins and ascetics gather around a fire. Courtesy of Joachim K. Bautze.
A dancing girl called Piari Jan, from the Fraser Album, by Lallji or Hulas Lal, 1815. From the collection of Prince and Princess Sadruddin Aga Khan.
An accountant working on his registers, from James Skinner’s Tazkirat al-umara. Add 27255 96v, © British Library Board.
A troupe of dancing girls and musicians. V&A Images, Victoria and Albert Museum, London.
A Delhi opium den with recumbent addicts, from James Skinner’s Tazkirat al-umara. Add 27255 337, © British Library Board.
Portrait of Malageer, a nautch girl, from the Fraser Album, by Lallji or Hulas Lal, 1815. From the collection of Prince and Princess Sadruddin Aga Khan.
A group of Delhi storytellers and comedians, from the Fraser Album, c.1820. From the collection of Prince and Princess Sadruddin Aga Khan.
Portrait of Zafar, by August Schoefft, c.1854. Courtesy of the Lahore Fort.
Hakim Momin Khan, Portrait of the Poet, attributed to Jivan Ram, India, c.1835. © President and Fellows of Harvard College, Harvard University Art Museums.
Zinat Mahal, as imagined by the Illustrated London News. P2380, © British Library Board.
The Illustrated London News image of Zafar. P1519, © British Library Board.
Zinat Mahal, taken by General McMohan, 1872. Add.Or.5475 17v, © British Library Board.
Mirza Ahsanullah Khan, the poet Ghalib. P1007/16, © British Library Board.
General Archdale Wilson, by John Jabez Edwin Mayall. National Portrait Gallery, London.
Brigadier General John Nicholson, by William Carpenter. National Portrait Gallery, London.
Harriet and Robert Tytler.
William Hodson of Hodson’s Horse. P79(2), © British Library Board.
The Delhi Field Force advances on the Mughal capital. X271 3, © British Library Board.
Hodson’s Horse, by Felice Beato. Wilson Centre for Photography.
The British attack Kashmiri Gate on 14 September. X271 16, © British Library Board.
‘Easy Days’: Zafar’s Hall of Private Audience, the Diwan-i Khas, 1857. 1261.&31, © British Library Board.
The Bridge of Boats, by Felice Beato, 1858. P193 1, © British Library Board.
The Kashmiri Gate, by Felice Beato, 1858. P25 14, © British Library Board.
The Flagstaff Tower, by Felice Beato, 1858. Wilson Centre for Photography.
Humayun’s Tomb, by Felice Beato, 1858. P52 18, © British Library Board.
The deposed and broken Emperor, by ‘Mr Shepherd the Photographer’. P797 37, © British Library Board.
Two princes: Mirza Jawan Bakht and Mirza Shah Abbas, by Felice Beato. Courtesy of Jane and Howard Ricketts Collection, London.
First published in Great Britain 2006
This paperback edition published 2009
Copyright © 2006 by William Dalrymple
Maps and illustrations © Olivia Fraser 2006
The moral right of the author has been asserted
No part of this book may be used or reproduced in any manner whatsoever
without written permission from the Publisher except in the case of
brief quotations embodied in critical articles or reviews
Quotation from Jesting Pilate by Aldous Huxley used by permission of Laura A. Huxley
Inside cover printing: The Mughal Emperor Akbar Shah II in procession with his sons
and the British Resident, Delhi, c.1811-19; photograph courtesy of Simon Ray, London.
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book, but if any have been inadvertently overlooked the publishers would be glad to hear from
them. For legal purposes the list of illustrations on page xi and the acknowledgements on page
xxvii constitute an extension of the copyright page
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The Last Mughal Page 68