Golgonooza and, 185, 188, 192, 194, 247
jealousy and, 207
measurement of time and, 173–74
pronunciation of name, 172
prophecy and, 162
rebuilding of Urizen by, 174
reunion of divided selves of, 192
sandals of, 177
sons of (see Orc; Rintrah)
Spectre and, 184–85
sun and, 174, 175, 177, 178, 180, 181
verse description of fall of, 173
as watchman, 177–81, 178, 192
love: jealousy and, 206
selfless, 77
sexuality and, 197–208, 209, 218
Loves of the Plants (Darwin), 56–57
Lowth, Robert, 144
Lucifer (fallen angel), 252
Luke the Evangelist, symbol of, 158
lust, 209
Luther, Martin, 37
Luvah (Zoa), 155, 157, 222, 224
emanation of (see Vala)
emotion and, 156
Lyrical Ballads (Coleridge and Wordsworth), 94
Macbeth (Shakespeare), 43–45 (color plate 1)
Macpherson, James, 157
madness. See insanity
Madness and Blake’s Myth (Youngquist), 133
Magna Carta, 89
male beauty portrayal, 108
male genitalia, 3, 25, 99, 102, 108, 109, 168, 190, 191, 209, 224, 253, 254 (color plate 13)
penis, 168, 224, 253, 254. See also phallic symbol
male superiority assumption, 208, 212. See also patriarchy
Malkin, Benjamin Heath, 94
Malthus, Thomas Robert, Essay on the Principle of Population, 245
mandrake symbol, 213–14
manic depression, 133, 134
marigolds (Marygold), 199
Mark the Evangelist, symbol of, 158
marriage: androgyny and, 102
Blake critique of, 89, 91, 92, 93
Blakes’ tensions and, 196, 204–8
multiple wives and, 204
Marriage of Heaven and Hell, The (Blake), 26, 70, 101–3, 104, 108, 112, 124–25, 172, 184, 253
free love and, 198, 209
key to Blake’s thought and, 119
Milton and, 83, 164
naked male figure, 102, 266 (color plate 13)
positive sexuality and, 115
prophetic wrath and, 169, 269–70
Proverbs of Hell and, 16, 26, 54, 77, 92, 102, 103, 104, 108
social protest and, 140, 163
title page (copy Z), 101–2 (color plate 12)
visionary animism and, 48
Marshall Street (London), 7
Marxism, 118
Mary, mother of Jesus. See Virgin Mary
masochism, 201–2
maternal creator. See motherhood
mathematical laws, Blake’s geometry study and, 125–26
Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy (Newton), 122–23
Matthew the Evangelist, Gospel of, 110
symbol of, 158
Mayan priestesses, 222
medieval art, 39
illuminated manuscripts, 27
Mediterranean Magna Mater, 47
melancholy (clinical depression), 133
Merkabah (chariot of God), 158
Merkavah (Israeli army tank), 158
mescaline, 16
Mesmer, Franz Anton, 130
mesmerism, 130
metaphors, 91, 122, 218
visual embodiments of, 41, 44
meter, 55–56, 80, 88
irregularity of Blake’s long poems and, 144–45
Methodism, 135, 136
Michelangelo, 14, 115, 125, 138, 236, 247
frescoes, 33, 37
Last Judgment, 137
Middleton, Kate, 148
Milky Way, 47
Milton (Blake), 80, 83, 133, 136, 138, 151, 161, 163–81, 182
apocalypse and, 185–88
Blake myth and, 140–41, 176
Blake’s prophetic calling and, 154, 163
copies of, 260 (color plates 20, 24, 33)
divider between two books of, 168, 170
fifty plates of, 186
first printing (1811) of, 186
illustrations for, 166, 168, 170, 171 (color plates 20, 24)
initial conception of, 162
Los as hero of, 162, 169, 171–76
Los joining with Elohim and, 247
lyric introducing, 180–81 (color plate 24)
lyric Jerusalem from, 145–48, 154, 167
as major prophecy, 154, 181
natural world imagery and, 229, 232–34
Ololon’s descent and, 218, 219 (color plate 33)
reason behind naming of, 162
reconcile with sixfold emanation and, 212
sequel to (see Jerusalem)
sequence in writing of, 186
subtitle: A Poem in Two Books, 162
title page, 165, 166
Milton, John, 8, 211
authoritarianism of, 165, 167
Blake’s borrowings from, 114
Blake’s conflicted views of, 165, 167
Blake’s emanation of, 218–19
Blake’s myth and, 140–41, 164–65
Blake’s spiritual and symbolic union with, 169, 177
Blake’s summoning of spirit of, 162, 164, 165, 167–68, 170
Blake’s visual representation of, 166, 170, 171 (color plate 20)
“eyeless in Gaza” phrase and, 98
“golden compasses” and, 237, 238
iambic meter use by, 80
mythic narrative created by, 165
prophetic power of, 164–69
rebellion and, 83
selfhood of, 165, 167
sexuality and, 204–5
sixfold emanation of, 165, 212
tyrannical treatment of wife and
daughters by, 165, 212, 218–19
works: L’Allegro, 46–49
Areopagitica, 98
Paradise Lost, 80, 83, 158, 162, 164, 165, 195, 204–6, 238 (color plate 31); Il Penseroso, 46
Samson Agonistes, 98
miniaturists, 50
misogyny, 212, 217–18, 222, 227
Mitchell, W. J. T., 99, 110, 181, 192, 194
Mock on Mock on Voltaire Rousseau (Blake), 16, 232
monarchy, 93
monotheism, 48, 49. See also God
Moore, Thomas, 94
morality. Blake challenge to, 101–3
moral protest, 89, 145–48
Moravian church, 9
Morgan Library, 242
Morrison, Jim, 26
mortal cycle. See cycle of life
mortality, 47, 141, 228
dread of, 2
earthworm emblem of, 91, 99, 105, 246, 251
women linked with, 212. See also death
Moses (biblical), 97, 112, 146, 242, 243
moth symbol, 99
Mother Nature, 212–13, 221, 234
mothers: Blake’s view of, 212–13, 216–17, 226, 228
children and, 56–59, 63–64, 71, 72. See also
childbirth
Muggletonians, 97
myrtle symbol, 197
mysticism, 3, 124, 130–31, 142–43
myth, Blake’s, 139–54
continuous rebuilding of, 188
creation of, 1–2, 41–45, 46, 139–54, 177–81
death of Jesus and, 217
development/permutations of, 119, 140, 155
distrust of women and, 227
London and, 149–54
Los as hero of, 162, 173, 174
marital tensions and, 196
Milton and, 140–41, 164–65
origins and, 177
richness and embellishment of, 140
sexuality and, 198. See also Four Zoas, The; Jerusalem; Milton; Zoas
mythology, classical, 56, 105, 153, 229. See also deities
nakedness: Blake’s celebration of, 71, 195–96
Blake’s representations of, 102, 105, 115, 117, 266–67, 267 (color plates 13, 14)
diaphanous garment covering, 39, 48, 53, 168, 227
female muscularity portrayal and, 229
fig leaf coverings and, 70, 101
Milton portrayal and, 167, 166, 168, 170 (color plate 20)
shame of Adam and Eve and, 217
of symbolic figures, 53. See also female genitalia; male genitalia
Napoleonic wars, 118
National Gallery (London), 19
natural religion. See deism
natural supernaturalism, 231–34
nature: birth-death cycle and, 47, 48, 99, 141, 192, 206, 213, 214, 214, 215, 217, 221, 229, 247, 252
Blake’s humanization of, 41, 42, 43, 45, 46, 47, 48, 57, 131, 231
creation and, 247
deist belief and, 120
Druid worship of, 256
eighteenth-century science and, 122
female form of, 209, 210, 217
imitation vs. vision of inner meaning of, 33
maternal imagery for, 212–13, 221, 234
Milton imagery for, 229–30, 232–33
personification of, 48–49
religious values ascribed to, 231
as Romantic poetry theme, 229, 231–33
Romantic poets’ vs. Blake’s view of, 231, 232
nature goddess, 153, 183, 189, 221, 225
Blake sketch of, 209, 210
negativity, 184
Nelson, Lord, 37
Neoplatonism, 65, 125, 142, 160, 168, 175
Newgate Prison, 99, 151
New Testament, 42, 153, 158
Blake’s issues with, 236
Epistles of Paul, 62, 77, 243, 251–52
Gospels, 110, 158, 160, 177
Satan portrayal in, 249, 253. See also Revelation, Book of
Newton (Blake print), 125, 126–27 (color plate 18)
Newton (Paolozzi sculpture), 126, 127
Newton, Isaac, 121, 122–23, 125, 126, 136
Blake print of, 125 (color plate 18); Opticks, 123
Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica—Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy, 122–23
Nietzsche, Friedrich, 208
Night (Blake), 84
nightmare, 172, 184, 185, 249, 250, 251, 252
Nightmare, The (Fuseli), 202–3, 228 (color plate 29)
Night Thoughts on Life, Death, and Immortality (Young; Blake illus.), 16, 17, 18, 25, 93, 253
Noah (biblical), 2, 189
Norse deities, 153
notebook poems, 16, 45, 66, 92–93, 120–21, 124, 185, 238
on divided consciousness, 219–20
The Everlasting Gospel, 97, 235, 236
on love and sex, 196–97, 198, 208–9
revisions and, 80–81, 82
Now. See Eternal Now
nudity. See nakedness
nursery rhymes, 55, 59, 80
Nurse’s Song (Blake), 93
Nuttall, A. D., 148
Observations on the Deranged Manifestations of the
Mind, or Insanity (Spurzheim), 136
Ode: Intimations of Immortality (Wordsworth), 43, 231
Ode on a Distant Prospect of Eton College (Gray), 41, 42, 43, 45
Ode to a Nightingale (Keats), 233
Odin (Norse deity), 153
Oedipus complex, 207–8
oil print, 126–27
Old Testament, 25, 150, 153, 216, 256
Blake’s dislike of, 42, 236
creation account (see Adam and Eve; Genesis)
Job’s tribulations and, 249, 250, 251
multiple wives and, 204
names for God, 120, 169, 246–47, 251, 252, 256
Satan’s portrayal in, 153, 249. See also prophecy
Ololon (Milton’s emanation), 218, 219 (color plate 33)
Olympus, 169
On Another’s Sorrow (Blake), 62
Oothoon (Daughters of Albion), 57, 198–204, 253 (color plates 28, 30)
Ophitic cult, 209
Opticks (Newton), 123
oral recitation, 144–45
Orc (son of Los), 104–6, 108, 109, 110, 111, 112, 114, 115, 119, 146 (color plate 32)
initial concept of, 155
jealousy and, 206–7
Luvah replacing, 155
“Orc cycle,” 112
original sin, 70, 217
Orwell, George, 89
“Such, Such Were the Joys,” 56
Ossian, 157
Ostriker, Alicia, 6, 217–18
Othello (Shakespeare), 18
Otto, Peter, 194
Otto, Rudolf, The Idea of the Holy, 251
Ovid, 144
Oxford University, 9
Paddington (London neighborhood), 150, 151
Paine, Thomas, 89, 102, 118
Palamabron (son of Los), 187
Paley, Morton, 114, 256, 261
Palmer, Samuel, 2, 20, 225, 257, 264, 269
Pantheon, 121
Paolozzi, Eduardo, Newton, 126, 127
Paradise. See Eden
Paradise Lost (Milton), 80, 83, 162, 165, 195, 238
appeal to Blake of, 164
Blake illustration Satan Watching Adam and Eve, 204–6 (color plate 31)
Ezekiel’s chariot, 158
innocent sex and, 204–5
“to justify the ways of God to man,” 165
paranoia, 2, 134–35
Paris boutique, Proverbs of Hell window display, 103, 104
Parker, James, 27, 258
Parliament, 64, 96
Parry, Sir Charles Hubert Hastings, 148
Pars, Henry, 9, 258
patriarchy, 60, 71, 73–74, 83, 103, 189
Blake’s view of, 204, 212, 217, 227, 235
monarchy symbolizing, 93
Urizen and, 112, 155, 239–45
Paul, Saint, 167, 236
Epistle to the Corinthians, 77
Epistle to the Ephesians, 243, 251–52
Epistle to the Hebrews, 62
penis, 168, 224, 253, 254. See also phallic symbol
Penseroso, Il (Milton), 46
pentameter, 144
Percival, Milton, 112
personification, 40–49
examples of, 41, 42, 43–49
of nature, 48–49
pessimism, 154
Phaedrus (Plato), 156
phallic symbol, 57, 115, 116, 175, 184, 209, 224, 223 (color plate 21)
Phillips, Michael, 4–5, 31
Phillips, Thomas, oil portrait of Blake, 19–20, 21, 264
Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica (Newton), 122–23
phrenology, 24, 262
physiognomy, 14
pickthank, 132
Pilgrim’s Progress (Bunyan), 132, 264
Pitt, William, 37, 245
Pity (Blake), 44, 45, 46 (color plate 1)
plants, sex of, 56–57
Plato, 40, 125, 231
Phaedrus, 156
universals, 34–35, 36. See also Neoplatonism
Pleiades, 115
Plotinus, 3
pocket boroughs, 96
poetic genius, 235
Poland Street (London), 91, 258
politics. See repression; revolution; social protest
polygamy, 204
polytheism, 48
Pope, Alexander, 123, 196
Poplar Field, The (Cowper), 55
Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man, A (Joyce), 172, 177
positivism, 141
Poussin, Nicolas, 137
poverty, 62, 151, 153, 245
Poverty Lane (London), 258, 259
Prado (Madrid), 14
Priam (legendary Trojan king), 153
priesthood, 236
Princeton University Press, 4
printing press, 27–32, 30, 128
printmaking: Blake’s paper preference, 29, 31
Blake’s process, 27–32
Catherine Blake’s assistance in, 195
&n
bsp; color application, 31, 176
copper-plate etching, 4, 10–12, 24–27, 50
size of sheets, 31. See also illuminated books
Prior, Matthew, A True Maid, 75, 76
procreation, 212, 214, 217, 222, 229. See also childbirth
Prodigal Son parable, 209, 257
Prometheus, 83, 105
pronunciation, 59, 87, 157, 172, 221
property, 93
prophecy, 8, 97, 110, 153, 163–81, 269–70
apocalypse and, 181, 186
biblical visionary, 157–60, 159, 226, 246
Blake’s belief in own power of, 163–64, 181
Blake’s characteristics of, 185
Blake’s long poems and, 146–48, 154, 194, 224
Blake’s view of role of, 163–64, 235
frequent symbol in, 209
Los as source of, 162
Marriage of Heaven and Hell and, 169, 269–70
maternal creator and, 216–27
Milton and, 164–69
poetic power of, 235
sandals as vocational symbol of, 177. See also Jerusalem; Milton
prostitution, 91, 92
Protestants, 133, 225
proverbs, Blake’s invented, 58, 101, 103
Proverbs, Book of, 208, 237, 239
Proverbs of Hell, 16, 26, 54, 92, 102, 103, 104, 108
modern display of, 103, 104
selflessness and, 77
Psyche (mythical), 67
psychic breakup, 162, 187
psychoanalytic analysis, 187–88, 224
punctuation, 5–6, 121
Punter, David, 93
Purgatorio (Dante), 225–26
Puritans, 97, 146–47, 151, 204
pyramids, symbolism of, 47, 102–3
Queen of Heaven, 227
quotation marks, 6
radicalism, 96–97
Blake’s retreat from, 117–19
Rahab (nature goddess), 183, 221, 227, 253
Raine, Kathleen, 65
rape, 106, 198, 199–200, 203, 253
Raphael, 37, 236
The Vision of Ezekiel, 158
realistic painting, 138
reason, 120, 155, 156, 174
rebellion. See revolution
Reformation, 37
Reform Bill (1832), 96
reformers. See social protest
Regent’s Park (London), 150, 151
relief etching. See copper-plate etching
religion, 1–3, 65, 136, 192, 235–57
All Religions
Are One (Blake pamphlet), 235
animism and, 48–49
Blake on false religions and, 153, 234
Blake on function of, 236
Blake’s vs. Milton’s concept of, 165
damnation theology and, 135, 136, 183, 225
Enlightenment campaign against, 120, 121
harsh treatment of children in name of, 51–52, 85, 87
human suffering and, 88
injustice and, 91, 245
orthodox theology and, 255
personification and, 49
political repression and, 91
prophets and (see prophecy; specific prophets)
seventeenth-century radicals and, 96–97
Eternity's Sunrise: The Imaginative World of William Blake Page 33