55:1 b (Matt. 13:44; Rev. 3:18)
55:2 1 Lit. weigh out silver
55:3 c Matt. 11:28
55:3 d Is. 54:8; 61:8; Jer. 32:40
55:3 e 2 Sam. 7:8; Ps. 89:28; (Acts 13:34)
55:4 f (John 18:37; Rev. 1:5)
55:4 g (Jer. 30:9; Ezek. 34:23; Dan. 9:25)
55:5 h Is. 52:15; Eph. 2:11, 12
55:5 i Is. 60:5
55:5 j Is. 60:9
55:6 k Matt. 5:25; 25:11; John 7:34; 8:21; 2 Cor. 6:2; (Heb. 3:13)
55:6 l Ps. 32:6; Is. 49:8
55:7 m Is. 1:16
55:7 n Is. 59:7; Zech. 8:17
55:7 o Ps. 130:7; Jer. 3:12
55:7 2 Lit. man of iniquity
55:8 p 2 Sam. 7:19
55:9 q Ps. 103:11
55:10 r Deut. 32:2
55:11 s Is. 45:23; Matt. 24:35
55:11 t Is. 46:9–11
55:11 3 empty, without fruit
55:12 u Is. 35:10
55:12 v Ps. 98:8
55:12 w 1 Chr. 16:33
55:13 x Is. 41:19
55:13 y Mic. 7:4
55:13 z Jer. 13:11
Isaiah 56
56:1 a Is. 46:13; Matt. 3:2; 4:17; Rom. 13:11, 12
56:2 b Ex. 20:8–11; 31:13–17; Is. 58:13; Jer. 17:21, 22; Ezek. 20:12, 20
56:3 c Is. 14:1; (Eph. 2:12–19)
56:3 d Deut. 23:1; Jer. 38:7; Acts 8:27
56:5 e 1 Tim. 3:15
56:5 f (1 John 3:1, 2)
56:5 1 Lit. him
56:7 g (Is. 2:2, 3; 60:11; Mic. 4:1, 2)
56:7 h Matt. 21:13; Mark 11:17; Luke 19:46
56:7 i (Rom. 12:1; Heb. 13:15; 1 Pet. 2:5)
56:7 j Is. 60:7
56:7 k Matt. 21:13
56:7 l (Mal. 1:11)
56:8 m Ps. 147:2; Is. 11:12; 27:12; 54:7
56:8 n Is. 60:3–11; 66:18–21; (John 10:16)
56:9 o Jer. 12:9
56:10 p Matt. 15:14
56:10 q Phil. 3:2
56:10 2 Or Dreaming
56:11 r Is. 28:7; Ezek. 13:19; (Mic. 3:5, 11)
56:11 s Ezek. 34:2–10
56:11 3 Lit. strong of soul
56:11 4 Lit. do not know satisfaction
56:12 t Is. 28:7
56:12 u Ps. 10:6; Prov. 23:35; Is. 22:13; Luke 12:19; 1 Cor. 15:32
56:12 v 2 Pet. 3:4
Isaiah 57
57:1 a Ps. 12:1
57:1 b 1 Kin. 14:13
57:1 1 Lit. the face of evil
57:2 c 2 Chr. 16:14
57:3 d Is. 1:4; Matt. 16:4
57:5 e 2 Kin. 16:4
57:5 f 2 Kin. 23:10; Ps. 106:37, 38; Jer. 7:31; Ezek. 16:20
57:6 g Jer. 3:9; Hab. 2:19
57:6 h Jer. 5:9, 29; 9:9
57:7 i Jer. 3:6; Ezek. 16:16
57:7 j Ezek. 23:41
57:8 k Ezek. 16:26
57:8 2 Lit. cut
57:8 3 Lit. hand, a euphemism
57:9 l Hos. 7:11
57:9 m Ezek. 23:16, 40
57:10 n Jer. 2:25; 18:12
57:11 o Prov. 29:25; Is. 51:12, 13
57:11 p Ps. 50:21; Eccl. 8:11; Is. 42:14
57:11 4 remained silent
57:14 q Is. 40:3; 62:10; Jer. 18:15
57:15 r Job 6:10; Luke 1:49
57:15 s Ps. 68:35; Zech. 2:13
57:15 t Ps. 34:18; 51:17; Is. 66:2
57:15 u Ps. 147:3; Is. 61:1–3
57:16 v Ps. 85:5; 103:9; (Mic. 7:18)
57:16 w Num. 16:22; Job 34:14; Heb. 12:9
57:17 x Is. 2:7; 56:11; Jer. 6:13
57:17 y Is. 8:17; 45:15; 59:2
57:17 z Is. 9:13
57:17 5 Or turning back
57:18 a Jer. 3:22
57:18 b Is. 61:2
57:19 c Is. 6:7; 51:16; 59:21; Heb. 13:15
57:19 d Acts 2:39; Eph. 2:17
57:20 e Job 15:20; Prov. 4:16; Jude 13
57:21 f Is. 48:22
Isaiah 58
58:1 a Mic. 3:8
58:1 1 do not hold back
58:3 b Mal. 3:13–18; Luke 18:12
58:3 c Lev. 16:29; 23:27
58:3 2 Lit. drive hard
58:4 d 1 Kin. 21:9
58:5 e Zech. 7:5
58:5 f Lev. 16:29
58:5 g Esth. 4:3; Job 2:8; Dan. 9:3
58:6 h Luke 4:18, 19
58:6 i Neh. 5:10–12
58:6 j Jer. 34:9
58:6 3 Lit. bonds of the yoke
58:7 k Ezek. 18:7; Matt. 25:35
58:7 l Job 31:19–22; James 2:14–17
58:7 m Gen. 29:14; Neh. 5:5
58:7 4 wandering
58:8 n Job 11:17
58:8 o Ex. 14:19; Is. 52:12
58:9 p Ps. 12:2; Is. 59:13
58:9 5 Lit. sending out of
58:10 6 Or gloom
58:12 q Is. 61:4
58:12 7 Lit. Paths
58:13 r Ex. 31:16, 17; 35:2, 3; Is. 56:2, 4, 6; Jer. 17:21–27
58:14 s Job 22:26; Is. 61:10
58:14 t Deut. 32:13; 33:29; Is. 33:16; Hab. 3:19
58:14 u Is. 1:20; 40:5; Mic. 4:4
Isaiah 59
59:1 a Num. 11:23; Is. 50:2; Jer. 32:17
59:2 b Is. 1:15
59:3 c Is. 1:15, 21; Jer. 2:30, 34; Ezek. 7:23; Hos. 4:2
59:3 1 bloodshed
59:4 d Is. 30:12; Jer. 7:4
59:4 e Job 15:35; Ps. 7:14; Is. 33:11
59:4 2 trouble
59:6 f Job 8:14
59:7 g Prov. 1:16; Rom. 3:15
59:7 h Prov. 6:17
59:7 i Is. 55:7
59:7 j Rom. 3:16, 17
59:8 k Is. 57:20, 21
59:8 l Ps. 125:5; Prov. 2:15
59:9 m Jer. 8:15
59:10 n Deut. 28:29; Job 5:14; Amos 8:9
59:11 o Is. 38:14; Ezek. 7:16
59:12 p Is. 24:5; 58:1
59:13 q Matt. 12:34
59:15 r Is. 5:23; 10:2; 29:21; 32:7
59:15 3 Lit. it was evil in His eyes
59:16 s Is. 41:28; 63:5; 64:7; Ezek. 22:30
59:16 t Mark 6:6
59:16 u Ps. 98:1; Is. 63:5
59:17 v Eph. 6:14, 17; 1 Thess. 5:8
59:18 w Is. 63:6; Rom. 2:6
59:19 x Ps. 113:3; Mal. 1:11
59:19 y Rev. 12:15
59:20 z Rom. 11:26
59:21 a (Heb. 8:10; 10:16)
Isaiah 60
60:1 a Eph. 5:14
60:1 b Mal. 4:2
60:3 c Is. 49:6, 23; Rev. 21:24
60:4 d Is. 49:18
60:4 e Is. 49:20–22
60:5 f (Rom. 11:25–27)
60:6 g Gen. 25:4
60:6 h Gen. 25:3; Ps. 72:10
60:6 i Is. 61:6; Matt. 2:11
60:7 j Gen. 25:13
60:7 k Is. 56:7
60:7 l Is. 60:13; Hag. 2:7, 9
60:9 m Ps. 72:10
60:9 n (Gal. 4:26)
60:9 o Jer. 3:17
60:9 p Is. 55:5
60:10 q Is. 14:1, 2; 61:5; Zech. 6:15
60:10 r Is. 49:23; Rev. 21:24
60:10 s Is. 57:17
60:10 t Is. 54:7, 8
60:11 u Is. 26:2; 60:18; 62:10; Rev. 21:25, 26
60:12 v Is. 14:2; Zech. 14:17; Matt. 21:44
60:13 w Is. 35:2
60:13 x 1 Chr. 28:2; Ps. 132:7
60:14 y Is. 45:14
60:14 z Is. 49:23; Rev. 3:9
60:14 a (Heb. 12:22; Rev. 14:1)
60:16 b Is. 49:23
60:16 c Is. 43:3
60:18 d Is. 26:1
60:18 1 devastation
60:19 e Rev. 21:23; 22:5
60:19 f Is. 41:16; 45:25; Zech. 2:5
60:20 g Amos 8:9
60:21 h Is. 52:1; Rev. 21:27
60:21 i Ps. 37:11; Matt. 5:5
60:21 j Is. 61:3; (Matt. 15:13; John 15:2)
60:21 k Is. 29:23; (Eph. 2:10)
60:22 l Matt. 13:31, 32
Isaiah 61
61:1 a Is. 11:2; Matt. 3:17; Luke 4:18, 19; John 1:32; 3:34
61:1 b Ps. 45:7; Matt. 11:5; Luke 7:2
2
61:1 c Ps. 147:3
61:1 d Is. 42:7; (Acts 10:43)
61:1 1 Lit. bind up
61:2 e Lev. 25:9
61:2 f Is. 34:8; Mal. 4:1, 3; (2 Thess. 1:7)
61:2 g Is. 57:18; Jer. 31:13; Matt. 5:4
61:3 h Ps. 30:11
61:3 i Is. 60:21; (Jer. 17:7, 8)
61:3 j (John 15:8)
61:3 2 Lit. appoint
61:4 k Is. 49:8; 58:12; Ezek. 36:33; Amos 9:14
61:5 l (Eph. 2:12)
61:6 m Ex. 19:6
61:6 n Is. 60:5, 11
61:7 o Is. 40:2; Zech. 9:12
61:8 p Ps. 11:7
61:8 q Is. 1:11, 13
61:8 r Gen. 17:7; Ps. 105:10; Is. 55:3; Jer. 32:40
61:8 3 Or in
61:9 s Is. 65:23
61:10 t Hab. 3:18
61:10 u Ps. 132:9, 16
61:10 v Is. 49:18; Rev. 21:2
61:11 w Ps. 72:3; 85:11
61:11 x Is. 60:18; 62:7
Isaiah 62
62:1 1 keep silent
62:2 a Is. 60:3
62:2 b Ps. 102:15, 16; 138:4, 5; 148:11, 13
62:2 c Is. 62:4, 12; 65:15
62:3 d Is. 28:5; Zech. 9:16; 1 Thess. 2:19
62:4 e Hos. 1:10; 1 Pet. 2:10
62:4 f Is. 49:14; 54:6, 7
62:4 g Is. 54:1
62:4 2 Heb. Azubah
62:4 3 Heb. Shemamah
62:4 4 Lit. My Delight Is in Her
62:4 5 Lit. Married
62:5 h Is. 65:19
62:6 i Is. 52:8; Jer. 6:17; Ezek. 3:17; 33:7
62:6 6 not be silent
62:6 7 remember
62:7 j Is. 60:18; 61:11; Jer. 33:9; Zeph. 3:19, 20
62:8 k Lev. 26:16; Deut. 28:31, 33; Judg. 6:3–6; Is. 1:7; Jer. 5:17
62:9 l Deut. 12:12; 14:23, 26
62:10 m Is. 40:3; 57:14
62:10 n Is. 11:12
62:11 o Zech. 9:9; Matt. 21:5; John 12:15
62:11 p Is. 40:10; (Rev. 22:12)
62:11 8 recompense
Isaiah 63
63:1 1 Or adorned
63:2 a (Rev. 19:13, 15)
63:3 b Lam. 1:15; Rev. 14:19, 20; 19:15
63:4 c Is. 34:8; 35:4; 61:2; Jer. 51:6
63:5 d Is. 41:28; 59:16
63:5 e (John 16:32)
63:5 f Ps. 98:1; Is. 59:16
63:9 g Judg. 10:16
63:9 h Ex. 14:19
63:9 i Deut. 7:7
63:9 j Ex. 19:4
63:9 2 Kt., LXX, Syr. not afflicted
63:10 k Ex. 15:24
63:10 l Num. 14:11; Ps. 78:40; Acts 7:51; 1 Cor. 10:1–11
63:10 m Ex. 23:21; Ps. 106:40
63:11 n Ps. 106:44, 45
63:11 o Ex. 14:30
63:11 p Num. 11:17, 25, 29; Hag. 2:5
63:11 3 MT, Vg. shepherds
63:12 q Ex. 15:6
63:12 r Ex. 14:21, 22; Josh. 3:16; Is. 11:15; 51:10
63:13 s Ps. 106:9
63:14 t 2 Sam. 7:23
63:15 u Deut. 26:15; Ps. 80:14
63:15 v Ps. 33:14
63:15 w Jer. 31:20; Hos. 11:8
63:16 x Deut. 32:6
63:16 y Job 14:21
63:17 z Is. 6:9, 10; John 12:40
63:18 a Deut. 7:6
63:18 b Ps. 74:3–7; Is. 64:11
Isaiah 64
64:1 a Ex. 19:18; Ps. 18:9; 144:5; Mic. 1:3, 4; (Hab. 3:13)
64:1 1 tear open
64:3 b Ex. 34:10
64:4 c Ps. 31:19
64:5 d Mal. 3:6
64:6 e (Phil. 3:9)
64:6 f Ps. 90:5, 6; Is. 1:30
64:6 2 Lit. a filthy garment
64:7 3 Lit. caused us to melt
64:8 g Is. 29:16; 45:9; Jer. 18:6; (Rom. 9:20, 21)
64:11 h Ezek. 24:21
64:11 4 Lit. house
64:11 5 have become a ruin
64:12 i Is. 42:14
64:12 j Ps. 83:1
64:12 6 keep silent
Isaiah 65
65:1 a Rom. 9:24; 10:20
65:1 b Is. 63:19
65:2 c Rom. 10:21
65:2 d Is. 1:2, 23
65:2 e Is. 42:24
65:3 f Deut. 32:21
65:3 g Is. 1:29
65:4 h Deut. 18:11
65:4 i Lev. 11:7; Is. 66:17
65:4 1 Unclean meats, Lev. 7:18; 19:7
65:5 j Matt. 9:11; Luke 7:39; 18:9–12
65:5 2 Cause My wrath to smoke
65:6 k Deut. 32:34
65:6 l Ps. 50:3
65:6 m Ps. 79:12
65:7 n Ex. 20:5
65:7 o Ezek. 18:6
65:7 p Is. 57:7; Ezek. 20:27, 28
65:8 q Joel 2:14
65:8 r Is. 1:9; Amos 9:8, 9
65:9 s Matt. 24:22
65:10 t Is. 33:9
65:10 u Josh. 7:24; Hos. 2:15
65:10 v Is. 55:6
65:11 w Is. 56:7
65:11 x Ezek. 23:41; (1 Cor. 10:21)
65:11 3 Lit. Troop or Fortune; a pagan deity
65:11 4 Lit. Number or Destiny; a pagan deity
65:12 y 2 Chr. 36:15, 16; Prov. 1:24; Is. 41:28; 50:2; 66:4; Jer. 7:13
65:14 z Matt. 8:12; Luke 13:28
65:14 5 Or a broken spirit
65:15 a Jer. 29:22; Zech. 8:13
65:15 b Is. 65:9, 22
65:15 c (Acts 11:26)
65:16 d Ps. 72:17; Jer. 4:2
65:16 e Deut. 6:13; Zeph. 1:5
65:17 f Is. 51:16; 66:22; (2 Pet. 3:13); Rev. 21:1
65:17 6 Lit. come upon the heart
65:19 g Is. 62:4, 5
65:19 h Is. 35:10; 51:11; Rev. 7:17; 21:4
65:20 i Eccl. 8:12, 13; Is. 3:11; 22:14
65:21 j Ezek. 28:26; 45:4; Hos. 11:11; Amos 9:14
65:22 k Is. 62:8, 9
65:22 l Ps. 92:12
65:22 m Is. 65:9, 15
65:23 n Hos. 9:12
65:23 o Is. 61:9; (Jer. 32:38, 39; Acts 2:39)
65:24 p Ps. 91:15; Is. 58:9
65:24 q Is. 30:19; Dan. 9:20–23
65:25 r Is. 11:6–9
65:25 s Gen. 3:14; Mic. 7:17
Isaiah 66
66:1 a 1 Kin. 8:27; 2 Chr. 6:18; Ps. 11:4; Matt. 5:34; Acts 17:24
66:2 b Ps. 34:18; (Is. 57:15; 61:1; Matt. 5:3, 4; Luke 18:13, 14)
66:2 c Ps. 34:18; 51:17
66:3 d (Is. 1:10–17; 58:1–7; Mic. 6:7, 8)
66:3 e Deut. 23:18
66:4 f Prov. 1:24; Is. 65:12; Jer. 7:13
66:5 g Ps. 38:20; Is. 60:15; (Luke 6:22, 23)
66:5 h Is. 5:19
66:5 i (2 Thess. 1:10; Titus 2:13)
66:12 j Is. 48:18; 60:5
66:12 k Is. 60:16
66:12 l Is. 49:22; 60:4
66:13 m Is. 51:3; (2 Cor. 1:3, 4)
66:14 n Ezek. 37:1
66:15 o Is. 9:5; (2 Thess. 1:8)
66:16 p Is. 27:1
66:16 q Is. 34:6
66:17 r Is. 65:3–8
66:17 1 Lit. After one
66:17 2 come to an end
66:18 s Is. 59:7
66:18 t Is. 45:22–25; Jer. 3:17
66:19 u Luke 2:34
66:19 v Mal. 1:11
66:19 3 So with MT, Tg.; LXX Put (cf. Jer. 46:9)
66:20 w Is. 49:22
66:20 x Is. 18:7; (Rom. 15:16)
66:21 y Ex. 19:6; Is. 61:6; 1 Pet. 2:9; Rev. 1:6
66:22 z Is. 65:17; Heb. 12:26, 27; 2 Pet. 3:13; Rev. 21:1
66:23 a Zech. 14:16
66:23 b Zech. 14:17–21
66:24 c Is. 14:11; Mark 9:44, 46, 48
Introduction to Jeremiah
Title
This book gains its title from the human author, who begins with “the words of Jeremiah…” (1:1). Jeremiah recounts more of his own life than any other prophet, telling of his ministry, the reactions of his audiences, testings, and his personal feelings. His name means “Jehovah throws,” in the sense of laying down a foundation, or “Jehovah establishes, appoints, or sends.”
Seven other Jeremiahs appe
ar in Scripture (2 Kin. 23:31; 1 Chr. 5:24; 12:4; 12:10; 12:13; Neh. 10:2; 12:1), and Jeremiah the prophet is named at least 9 times outside of his book (cf. 2 Chr. 35:25; 36:12; 36:21, 22; Ezra 1:1; Dan. 9:2; Matt. 2:17; 16:14; 27:9). The Old and New Testaments quote Jeremiah at least 7 times: 1) Dan. 9:2 (25:11, 12; 29:10); 2) Matt. 2:18 (31:15); 3) Matt. 27:9 (18:2; 19:2, 11; 32:6–9); 4) 1 Cor. 1:31 (9:24); 5) 2 Cor. 10:17 (9:24); 6) Heb. 8:8–12 (31:31–34); and 7) Heb. 10:16, 17 (31:33, 34).
Author and Date
Jeremiah, who served as both a priest and a prophet, was the son of a priest named Hilkiah (not the High-Priest of 2 Kin. 22:8 who discovered the book of the law). He was from the small village of Anathoth (1:1), today called Anata, about 3 mi. NE of Jerusalem in Benjamin’s tribal inheritance. As an object lesson to Judah, Jeremiah remained unmarried (16:1–4). He was assisted in ministry by a scribe, named Baruch, to whom Jeremiah dictated and who copied and had custody over the writings compiled from the prophet’s messages (36:4, 32; 45:1). Jeremiah has been known as “the weeping prophet” (cf. 9:1; 13:17; 14:17), living a life of conflict because of his predictions of judgment by the invading Babylonians. He was threatened, tried for his life, put in stocks, forced to flee from Jehoiakim, publicly humiliated by a false prophet, and thrown into a pit.
Jeremiah carried out a ministry directed mostly to his own people in Judah, but which expanded to other nations at times. He appealed to his countrymen to repent and avoid God’s judgment via an invader (chaps. 7, 26). Once invasion was certain after Judah refused to repent, he pled with them not to resist the Babylonian conqueror in order to prevent total destruction (chap. 27). He also called on delegates of other nations to heed his counsel and submit to Babylon (chap. 27), and he predicted judgments from God on various nations (25:12-38; chaps. 46-51).
The dates of his ministry, which spanned 5 decades, are from the Judean king Josiah’s 13th year, noted in 1:2 (627 B.C.), to beyond the fall of Jerusalem to Babylon in 586 B.C. (Jer. 39, 40, 52). After 586 B.C., Jeremiah was forced to go with a fleeing remnant of Judah to Egypt (Jer. 43, 44). He was possibly still ministering in 570 B.C. (see note on 44:29, 30). A rabbinic note claims that when Babylon invaded Egypt in 568/67 B.C. Jeremiah was taken captive to Babylon. He could have lived even to pen the book’s closing scene ca. 561 B.C. in Babylon, when Judah’s king Jehoiachin, captive in Babylon since 597 B.C., was allowed liberties in his last days (52:31–34). Jeremiah, if still alive at that time, was between 85 and 90 years old.
Background and Setting
Background details of Jeremiah’s times are portrayed in 2 Kin. 22–25 and 2 Chr. 34–36. Jeremiah’s messages paint pictures of: 1) his people’s sin; 2) the invader God would send; 3) the rigors of siege; and 4) calamities of destruction. Jeremiah’s message of impending judgment for idolatry and other sins was preached over a period of 40 years (ca. 627–586 B.C. and beyond). His prophecy took place during the reigns of Judah’s final 5 kings (Josiah 640–609 B.C., Jehoahaz 609 B.C., Jehoiakim 609–598 B.C., Jehoiachin 598–597 B.C., and Zedekiah 597–586 B.C.).
The MacArthur Study Bible, NKJV Page 350