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PHOTO CREDITS
1. Central State Archive of the October Revolution, High Organs of State Government, and Organs of the State Administration of the U.S.S.R.
2. Central State Museum of the Revolution of the U.S.S.R., Archives.
3. Museum named for Feodor Ivanovich Tyutchev (1803–73), Muranovo, Russia.
4. Museum named for Feodor Ivanovich Tyutchev (1803–73), Muranovo, Russia.
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9. Central State Archive of Film and Photographic
Documents of the U.S.S.R.
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16. Central State Archive of Film and Photographie Documents of the U.S.S.R.
17. Central State Archive of Film and Photographie Documents of the U.S.S.R.
18. Central State Archive of Film and Photographie Documents of the U.S.S.R.
19. Central State Archive of Film and Photographie Documents of the U.S.S.R.
20. Central State Archive of Film and Photographie Documents of the U.S.S.R.
21. Central State Archive of Film and Photographie Documents of the U.S.S.R.
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33. Archives of the Novosti Russian Information Agency.
34. Archives of the Novosti Russian Information Agency.
35. State Archives of the October Revolution, Fund of Alexandra Feodorovna.
36. The Luton Hoo Foundation, Wernher Collection.
37. Archives of the Novosti Russian Information Agency.
38. Archives of the Novosti Russian Information Agency.
39. Central State Archive of Film and Photographic Documents of the U.S.S.R.
40. Central State Archive of Film and Photographic Documents of the U.S.S.R.
41. Archives of the Novosti Russian Information Agency.
42. Archives of the Novosti Russian Information Agency.
43. Central State Archive of Film and Photographic Documents of the U.S.S.R.
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50. The Luton Hoo Foundation, Wernher Collection.
51. The Luton Hoo Foundation, Wernher Collection.
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ABOUT THE AUTHORS
EDVARD RADZINSKY is Russia’s most frequently staged playwright, after Chekhov, and his plays have won him international acclaim. A trained historian, Radzinsky has been working on the life of Tsar Nicholas II for the past twenty-five years.
MARIAN SCHWARTZ is a freelance Russian translator living in Texas. Her published translations include a biography of Constructivist Liubov Popova and the prose of many contemporary Russian women, outstanding among them being Nina Berberova (The Tattered Cloak).
i1.46. Empress Marie Feodorovna with her son Nicholas, 1871.
i1.47. The heir to the throne Nicholas Alexandrovich, St. Petersburg.
i1.48. The family of Emperor Alexander III, St. Petersburg.
i1.49. Nicholas Alexandrovich, St. Petersburg, 1888.
i1.50. Nicholas and Princess Alix of Hesse Darmstadt at Coburg Castle on the day of their engagement, April 8, 1894.
i1.51. Coronation Day procession from Assumption Cathedral to the palace, Moscow, May 14, 1896.
i1.52. Nicholas, Alexandra, and their first child, Grand Duchess Olga, at Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich’s estate, Ilinskoe, 1895.
i1.53. Nicholas and Alexandra on the Kremlin walls.
i1.54. The ballerina Mathilda Kschessinska, 1897.
i1.55. Nicholas in the costume of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich, Winter Palace Ball, 1903.
i1.56. Alexandra in the costume of Tsaritsa Maria Ilinichna, Winter Palace Ball, 1903.
i1.57. Tsarevich Alexei Nikolaevich and his nurse with a goat, 1906.
i1.58. Alexei with his sailor-companion Nagorny on the tsar’s yacht Standart.
i1.59. The grand duchesses with ladies-in-waiting at the beach, Livadia, Crimea.
i1.60. A picnic during a hunt at Spala in Poland, 1912.
i1.61. Nicolas and Alexandra playing tennis, Germany, 1910.
i1.62. Alexandra embroidering in her lilac study at Tsarskoe Selo, 1912.
i1.63. Alexandra and the grand duchesses. Clockwise from top: Tatiana, Alexandra, Anastasia, Marie, Olga.
i1.64. The tsar’s family on the train platform at Borodin 1912, during the center of the Russian victory over Napoleon’s forces on September 7, 1812.
Trophies from the tsarist hunt in Belorussia, 1912.
Nicholas, Alexandra, Grand Duke Michael Alexandrovich, and his future wife Countess Natalia Sheremetievskya frolicking on the deck of the Standart.
Alexei with his playmates and his companion Nagorny.
Tsarevich Alexei.
FIRST ANCHOR BOOKS EDITION, JULY 1993
English language translation copyright © 1992 by Doubleday,
a division of Random House, Inc.
All rights reserved under International and Pan-American Copyright Conventions. Published in the United States by Anchor Books, a division of Random House, Inc., New York, and simultaneously in Canada by Random House of Canada Limited, Toronto. Originally published in hardcover in the United States by Doubleday in.1992. The Anchor Books edition is published by arrangement with Doubleday.
Anchor Books and colophon are registered trademarks of Random House, Inc.
Russian language version by Edvard Radzinsky
Translated from the Russian by Marian Schwartz
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Radzinskiǐ, Edvard.
[Zhizn′ i smert′; Nikol II. English]
The last Tsar : the life and death of Nicholas II / Edvard Radzinsky ; translated from the Russian by Marian Schwartz. — 1st Anchor Books ed.
p. cm.
Reprint. Originally published: New York : Doubleday, 1992
I. Title
DK258.R2813 1993b
947.08’3’092—dc20
[B] 93–16757
eISBN: 978-0-30
7-75462-2
Map and Family Tree by Claire N. Vaccaro
www.anchorbooks.com
v3.0
Table of Contents
Cover
Title Page
Contents
Acknowledgments
Epigraph
Author’s Note
Map
Genealogy
Prologue
Part 1 - Leafing Through the Tsar’s Diaries
Prelude: From the Archive of Blood
Chapter 1 - Diary of the Young Man
Chapter 2 - Diary of the New Tsar
Chapter 3 - Dress Rehearsal for the Collapse of His Empire
Chapter 4 - A Mighty Pair
Chapter 5 - The Tsar’s Family
Chapter 6 - Diary of the Successful Monarch
Chapter 7 - A Novel in Letters
Part 2 - The Death of Nicholas and Alexandra
Chapter 8 - The Fall of Atlantis
Photo Insert
Chapter 9 - The Prisoner’s Siberian Diary
Chapter 10 - Comrades
Chapter 11 - Secret Mission
Chapter 12 - The Last House
Chapter 13 - Flight
Chapter 14 - Preparations for Murder
Part 3 - The Secret of the Ipatiev Night
Photo Insert
Chapter 15 - The Investigation Begins
Chapter 16 - My Guest
Epilogue: Participants in the Execution (Fates)
Afterword (New Mysteries?)
Appendix
Selected Bibliography
Photo Credits
The Last Tsar Page 54