government inspectors and, 169-70, 211
labor force and, 133, 137, 143, 294
later years of, 381
lobbying efforts of, 40, 95-96
in management conflicts, 212, 226-27, 255, 329-30, 336, 342
personnel decisions of, 170-71, 271
publicity excursions attended by, 185-86, 190, 261, 274, 275, 340
railroad investments of, 37n, 86, 91, 212, 226
ransom demands on, 359-60
reputation cultivated by, 270-71, 272
route determinations and, 36, 128, 132, 144, 271-73, 279
as speculator, 37n, 91, 93
unpopularity of, 129-30, 255
UP backers sought by, 86, 88
weather delays not accepted by, 325
Dutch Flat and Donner Lake Wagon Road Company, 76-77, 122, 149, 233
dynamite, 201
Early, Jubal, 96
Echo Canyon, 237, 277, 283, 285, 287, 288, 291-92, 296, 326
Echo City, Utah, 316, 317, 327
Echo Creek, 255, 279
Echo Summit, 312, 313, 330
Eddy, J. M., 216
Edwards, Ogden, 129
elections:
of 1860, 23, 39-40, 69, 70
of 1864, 123
of 1868, 313, 324
Elkhorn River, 34, 37, 134, 168, 208
Elliott, George, 349
Ellis, Jack, 177
Emancipation Proclamation, 104
embankments, 124, 154
Epler, William, 201
Erie Railroad, 56, 99, 336
Evans, James A., 91, 128, 135, 142, 144, 188, 220, 261, 269, 273, 281
Ewing, Thomas, Jr., 255
farming, 169, 212, 229, 280
Farnam, Henry, 32, 35-36, 37n, 38, 40
Farr, Lorin, 290
Farrar, Lynn, 119, 350
Ferguson, Arthur:
background of, 134
buffalo country described by, 143
on Hell-on-Wheels towns, 269
Indian hostilities witnessed by, 143, 209, 214, 215, 222, 263, 264, 265, 266-67
in North Platte bridge building, 262, 264
on taming of West, 267
as UP surveyor, 134-35, 141, 142, 208, 209, 213, 262-65
weather problems encountered by, 208-9, 263-64
on worker fatalities, 264-65
fills, 154, 332-33
fires, 208, 216-17, 303-4
First Transcontinental Railroad, The (Galloway), 288
fish joints, 236
Fisk, James, 336, 339, 342
flood conditions, 208, 228
fly light, 182
Fort Bridger, 237-38, 306
Fortieth Parallel Survey, 145
Fort Kearney, 141, 184, 187, 211
Fort Sanders, 210, 221, 251, 261
Franchot, Richard H., 193
Freedmen’s Bureau, 152
Freeman, Leigh, 259, 262
Free-Soilers, 31
freight cars, capacity of, 268
Frémont, Jessie Benton, 49
Frémont, John Charles, 49
Frost, G. W, 256, 258
Fulton, Robert, 32
Gadsden, James, 59
Gadsden Purchase, 59
Galbraith, Robert Miller, 216-17
Galloway, John Debo, 288
gambling, 217, 218, 219-20, 228, 372
gandy dancer, 182
gaps, 124, 154-55
Garfield, James, 374
General Sherman, 139, 170
Geological Survey, U.S., 145
George, Henry, 323
Gilbert, Frank, 277
Gilliss, John R., 232, 233, 234, 236
Golden Spike, 356, 357, 360, 364-65, 366, 367, 381
Gordon, Sarah, 25
Gould, Jay, 336, 378, 381
Governor Stanford, 115, 117, 121, 362
grading work, 118, 119-20, 136-39, 147, 155-57
Graham, Joseph, 304, 309, 313
grain production, 169, 229, 280
Grant, Ulysses S., 86, 174, 184, 220, 360
army enlistment levels and, 211
in Civil War, 79, 88, 96, 97-98, 110, 112, 118, 123, 130-31, 344
on Dodge as railroad engineer, 85, 272-73
in election of 1868, 272, 275, 313, 324, 325
on Indian hostilities, 130
on military railroad construction, 85
presidency of, 18, 150, 334-35
railroads supported by, 85, 185, 211, 215, 271, 364, 367, 382
UP-CP dispute and, 330, 334-35
on UP financial problems, 336, 342-43, 375
grapes, cultivation of, 246
grasshoppers, 282, 283, 284, 293-94
Gray, George, 158, 291
Great Basin, 223, 225
Great Desert, 309-10
Great Plains:
buffalo herd on, 173
economic opportunities of, 169
Indians dispossessed of, 173, 225-26
livestock grazing on, 267
surveying parties on, 140-43
white settlement of, 139, 172, 184
Great Platte Valley Route, 36-37
Great Salt Lake, 202, 293, 319, 330, 333, 353n
Greeley, Horace, 39, 82, 159, 169, 221, 228, 252
Green River, 225, 251, 261, 269, 271, 275
Grimes, James, 190
Grinnell, J. B., 39
Griswold, Wesley, 154
Growth of the American Republic, The (Morison and Commager), 376
Gwin, William, 65
Haley, Michael, 257
Halleck, Henry W, 51
Hamilton, Alexander, 87-88, 100
Hannibal and St. Joseph Railroad, 30
Harriman, E. A., 132n, 378
Hart, Alfred A., 122, 337, 362, 365
hay, 182
Haymund, Creed, 245
Heine, W, 250
Hell-on-Wheels towns, 217-19, 221, 228, 259, 269, 275, 276, 337, 353, 372
Henry, Joseph, 170
Henry, Robert, 376
Hewes, David, 360
Hills, L L., 189, 215-16, 220
Hodges, F C, 292
hoggers, 182
Holladay, Ben, 93, 159, 203
Holman, William, 83n
Homestead Act, 172
Hood, William, 74
Hooker, Joe, 109
Hopkins, E. B., 106n
Hopkins, Mark, 19, 237, 277, 289, 290, 298, 306, 380
background of, 53
on blasting progress, 236
in business, 53, 54, 62, 73, 103
codes utilized by, 292
on construction and supply difficulties, 195-96, 235
in CP financial management, 121, 122, 149, 196, 246, 306n-7n, 322, 335
CP holdings of, 43, 105, 113
Huntington’s partnership with, 53, 72, 197, 322
on labor shortages, 153-54
land development proposed by, 246
on popular support of railroads, 149
on progress of construction, 247, 300, 337
at promotional events, 118
as railroad executive, 74, 106, 114
on snow problems, 303
on UP rivalry, 247
wagon road owned by, 76, 195
horses, 180, 379-80
House, Jacob H., 142, 171, 188
Howard, O. O., 98
Howden, James, 235-36
Howe truss, 26, 211
Hoxie, Herbert M.
“Hub,” 39, 99, 170, 171-72, 256, 330, 363
Hubbard, Thomas, 224
Humboldt River, 46-47, 144, 202, 231, 302, 306
Humboldt Wells, Nev., 238, 254, 255, 277, 289, 290, 291, 312, 326, 328, 331, 332, 371
Huntington, Collis, 19, 236, 238, 240, 241, 244, 249, 364
background of, 47-48
in business, 48, 49, 50, 53, 54, 62, 71-72, 103
Chinese labor approved by, 243
codes utilized by, 292
on costs, 246, 302
CP financial management strate
gies of, 102-3, 121, 122, 246-47, 321
CP investments made by, 73, 105, 149
CP-UP rivalry instigated by, 155, 193, 194, 242, 255, 277, 283, 290, 291, 298, 300, 304, 306
critics resented by, 305
on difficulties of construction, 117, 245, 298, 300
federal railroad legislation and, 77, 95, 193, 194, 196
financial backing sought by, 103, 106, 147, 196, 197, 245, 298, 300, 330, 333-34, 382
Hopkins as business partner of, 53, 72, 195, 196
Judah’s conflicts with, 103, 104, 111-14
later years of, 379
lobbying efforts of, 321-22, 333-34, 376, 379
on materials and equipment purchases, 102, 103, 108, 113, 123, 155, 196, 298, 300-301, 302, 309, 322
on labor costs, 246
on progress of construction, 297, 306, 309, 315-16, 352
on quality vs. speed of construction, 297
as railroad executive, 43, 74, 379, 80
reputation of, 43, 270, 380
on route determinations, 112, 312, 313, 316, 317, 327, 330-31, 339, 340, 341
subsidy bonds obtained by, 333-34, 335
wagon road owned by, 76
on western sea route via Panama, 48-51
Huntington, Elizabeth Stoddard, 48
Huntington, Solon, 48, 49
Hurd, M. E., 256, 258
Hyde, Orson, 284
Illinois, railroad construction in, 29
Illinois Central Railroad Company (IC), 29-30, 32, 99
Indian hostilities:
Chinese workers’ fears of, 310
extermination policies as response to, 223, 266-67
military management of, 130-31, 141, 174, 183, 184, 211, 215, 265
newspaper coverage on, 214
peace councils on, 225-26, 266
raiding party thievery in, 209, 214
sabotage activities and, 222-23, 227, 266
UP construction and, 132, 135, 136, 141, 172-73, 174, 183, 209, 211, 214-16, 220, 221, 263, 264-67
Indians:
competitions arranged with, 209-10
friendly alliances with, 172, 186, 265-66
as railroad laborers, 133
territorial dispossession of, 173, 225-26
tribal conflicts among, 265-66
UP route through lands of, 20
Interstate 80, 127, 136n, 220, 326
Iowa, railroad routes in, 32-34, 126
Irish laborers, 18, 21, 118-20, 296, 327, 349, 378
iron supplies, 147
Ives, Butler, 201, 202, 291, 292, 312, 340
Jackson, Andrew, 42
Jackson, Thomas J. “Stonewall,” 80
James W. Davis and Co., 360
Jefferson, Thomas, 43, 100, 292
Jensen, Oliver, 64
Jenson, Andrew, 284
Johnson, Andrew, 163, 164, 170, 174, 184, 194, 225, 238, 255, 330, 334
Joyce, Patrick, 349
J.S. & D.T. Casement, 171
Judah, Anna Ferona Pierce, 19, 61, 64, 101
artwork of, 65, 68, 75, 77
background of, 55
on Big Four management conflicts, 108-9, 114, 124
on CP financial backing, 70, 71, 72
on promotion of transcontinental railroad, 58, 59, 65, 66, 67, 68
on railroad completion ceremony, 368
on Strong, 69-70
Theodore Judah’s death and, 115, 116
on Theodore Judah’s engineering skill, 55-56
Judah, Charles, 56
Judah, Theodore, 19, 55-82, 101-17, 368
as architect of CP, 43
background of, 55
Big Four conflicts with, 103-6, 108-9, 110-14, 115-16, 117, 124
construction schedule projected by, 102
corporate position of, 74, 114
CP holdings of, 105, 112, 113, 114
death of, 115-17
engineering skills of, 55-56, 61-62, 116-17
financial investors cultivated by, 66, 70-73
government lobbying of, 59-61, 64-68, 75-76, 77-81, 308
marriage of,see Judah, Anna Ferona Pierce
railroad promotions by, 59-61, 104
Sacramento Valley Railroad designed by, 56, 57-58, 62, 111
salary of, 112, 114
Sierra Nevada route surveyed by, 67, 68-70, 72, 73, 74-75, 81, 101, 104, 109-10, 111, 127, 146, 308
on Summit Tunnel, 244
transcontinental railroad planned by, 56, 58-59, 63, 382
trestles proposed by, 154
Judd, Norman, 31, 38, 39, 40
Julesburg, Colo., 168, 184
vice in, 218, 219-20, 228
Jupiter, 361, 362, 363, 366-67
Kasson, John, 39, 40
Kearney City, Nebr., 176, 184
Kennedy, Michael, 349
Killeen, Edward, 349
King, Clarence, 145-46
Klein, Maury, 92, 95, 186-87, 213, 326, 380
Koopmanschap (labor contractor), 152, 161
Lander, Frederick, 32, 34-35, 36
Lane, Joseph, 65
Laramie, Wyo., 221, 251, 262, 271
Lathrop, J., 256, 257
Lee, Robert E., 87, 96, 97, 110, 114, 123, 158, 292, 356
Lee Chew, 152-53
Leete, B. F., 71
Lemon, David, 266
Leonardo da Vinci, 26
Lewis, J. C., 308-9
Lewis, Meriwether, 19, 38, 42, 59, 100, 127, 143, 292, 356
Lexington, 51-52
Liberty Loans, 165
Lincoln, Abraham, 37, 76
background of, 26-27
Civil War progress and, 41, 77, 83, 97, 98, 123, 130, 272
congressional term of, 28
death of, 133
in election campaigns, 23, 27, 39-40, 67, 69, 70, 123
law career of, 29-30
as public speaker, 41, 89, 98, 99
Pullman car built for, 185, 226, 274
route choices considered by, 24, 31, 38-39, 87, 89, 91, 95, 98, 128, 270
Sierra Nevada limits determined by, 108, 149
on slavery, 36, 104, 250
standard gauge chosen by, 95, 180, 347
as supporter of railroads, 18, 19, 27-29, 39, 40, 41, 79, 80, 85, 87-88, 90, 94, 95, 98, 250, 270-71, 382
on UP construction, 86-88, 132
Lincoln, Robert Todd, 185
lobbying, 40, 59-61, 64-68, 75-76, 77-81, 95-96, 193-94, 196, 308, 321-22, 333-34, 376, 379
Lockwood, E. O, 209
locomotives, 307
casualties caused by, 268-69, 325-26
cost of, 117, 147, 301
fires sparked from, 303
Indians’ competition with, 210
smoke produced by, 24
speed of, 268
steam power of, 32, 42, 221
technological improvements of, 25, 28, 57, 268
weight of, 57, 115, 117
Lodgepole Creek, 131, 212, 251, 271, 344
Lone Tree Station, passenger service initiated to, 187, 188
Loomis, Augustus Ward, 162
Louisiana Purchase, 18, 292, 356
Loup Fork Bridge, 175, 187, 190
Loup River, 138-39, 168, 174
McCallum, Daniel C, 99-100
McClellan, George B., 77, 79, 80, 103, 158, 292
McCormick, Cyrus H., 140
McCulloch, Hugh, 313, 333, 334
McDougall, James A., 77, 78
McDowell, Irvin, 77
McLaughlin, Charles, 113
McNamara, Fred, 349
McWade (railroad worker), 328-29
Madden, D. W, 123
Mallory, Benjamin, 363
M&M (Mississippi and Missouri Railroad), 32-33, 34, 37, 39
Marsh, Charles, 74
Maxwell, James, 140-41, 293-94
Merriman, Halsey, 93
Mexican War, 51, 52, 356, 364
Meyer, Hugo, 377
Mills, Darius O., 379
Mills, Morris, 268, 269
m
ining:
Chinese immigrants in, 150
railroad workers’ defections to, 107, 119, 121, 148, 154
Minkler, Henry H., 198
Mississippi and Missouri Railroad (M&M), 32-33, 34, 37, 39
Mississippi River, bridge over, 30
Missouri, in Civil War, 98, 130
Missouri Bill (railroad worker), 199, 200
Missouri River, 33-34, 37, 168, 381
freezing of, 173, 207
railroad bridge over, 30, 188, 260, 373
supplies transported across, 20, 133, 173, 175, 181, 373
Mobile and Ohio Railroad, 85
Mohawk & Hudson, The, 27
Mohawk and Hudson Railroad, 25
Montague, Samuel Skerry:
background of, 110
Chinese workers admired by, 152, 164
at completion ceremony, 367
construction reports made by, 124, 203
as CP engineer, 116, 117, 118, 206, 291, 306
on quality vs. pace of progress, 312
route improvements incorporated by, 124, 162-63
tunnel labor shifts organized by, 160
worker defections regretted by, 119
Montana, gold mining in, 129
Monument Point, Utah, 255, 290-91, 313, 316, 345
Morison, Samuel Eliot, 376
Mormons:
leadership of, 278, 279, 280
polygamy practiced by, 281
population levels of, 280
as railroad laborers, 189, 242, 261, 281-91, 294-95, 316, 327n, 329
westward route of, 33, 36, 279
Mormon War, 63
Morrill, Justin, 79
Morrill Land Grant Act, 79n
Morris, Isaac, 252
Morris, Thomas B., 338
Morse, John, 113
Mountaineering in the Sierra Nevada (King), 145-46
Murphy, R. A., 363
Napoleon I, Emperor of France, 115, 170
Nebraska:
farming in, 169, 212
railroad routes in, 167-92, 168, 212
silver mining in, 148
statehood of, 172
UP land grants in, 211-12
weather extremes of, 207
Nevada:
CP line across, 297-317, 299, 343
Great Desert of, 309-10
statehood of, 18, 123
Nevada Central Railroad, 114
Newcastle, trestle bridge at, 154
New York Central Railroad, 99, 158
Niagara Gorge Railroad, 55-56, 69
Nichols, H. K., 141
nitroglycerin, 200-201, 235-36, 288, 328
Nobel, Alfred, 200, 201
North Platte River, 168, 223
railroad bridges over, 183, 187, 262
Nounan, Joseph, 285, 295
Nye, James, 339
Ogden, William B., 84
Ogden, Utah, 254, 255, 277, 286, 290-91, 296, 319, 327, 335
as UP-CP meeting, 339-40, 341, 371-72
“O’Halloran’s Luck” (Benét), 217-18
Omaha, Nebr.:
growth of, 167-69
oxbow route south of, 132
supply routes to, 133, 276-77, 373
as UP terminus, 87, 89-90, 91, 168, 184, 186
Nothing Like It in the World The Men Who Built the Transcontinental Railroad 1863-1869 Page 51