Tanganyika: Maji Maji rising (1905–6), (i)
Tangu (people), New Guinea, (i), (ii), (iii)
Tannenbaum, Nicola, (i)
Tannhäuser (knight), (i), (ii)
Tanzania: anti-witch vigilantism, (i)
teenagers: blamed for misfortunes, (i)
Tenskwatawa, Shawnee prophet, (i)
Teos, Greece, (i)
Testament of Solomon, (i)
Theocritus: Pharmakeutria, (i)
Theoris of Lemnos, 576
Thessaly, (i)
theurgy, (i), (ii)
Theutberga, empress wife of Lothar II, (i)
Tholosan, Claude, (i)
Thomas of Cantimpré, St, (i)
Thomas of Erceldoune (Scottish romance), (i), (ii)
Thomas, Keith, (i)
Thomas the Rhymer, (i)
Thor (Norse god), (i)
Thorbjorg (Greenland seeress), (i)
Thorndike, Lynn, (i)
Thoth (Egyptian god), (i)
Tiberius, Roman emperor, (i)
Tibullus, (i)
tietäjä (Finnish magic practitioners), (i), (ii)
Tiree, Isle of (Hebrides), (i)
Tiv (people), Nigeria, (i)
Tlaxcala province, Mexico, (i)
Tlaxcalans (people), Central America, (i)
Tlingit (people), Alaska, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
toads, (i)
Todi, Italy, (i), (ii), (iii)
Tolley, Clive, (i), (ii)
Tom Thumbe (chapbook), (i)
Tonga Islands, Polynesia, (i)
Tonga (people), South Zambia, (i)
Toraja (people), Sulawesi, Indonesia, (i)
Trachtenburg, Joshua, (i)
tradition: local, (i); witches work within, (i), (ii)
Trall, Janet, (i), (ii)
trances: and altered consciousness, (i), (ii), (iii)
Transvaal: suspected witches attacked, (i); spirits in animal form, (i)
tregenda, (i)
Tremp, Kathrin Utz, (i)
Trevor-Roper, Hugh, (i)
Trobriand islands, New Guinea, (i), (ii), (iii)
trolls (Scandinavian), (i), (ii), (iii)
Tswana (people), Botswana, (i), (ii), 667
Túatha Dé Danann (Ireland), (i)
Tungus (people), Siberia, (i)
tuno (fortune-teller), (i)
Turner, Robert, (i)
‘Twelfth-century Renaissance’, (i), (ii)
Twelve Tables (Roman law), (i)
Tyndale, William, (i)
Typhon (deity), (i)
Tzeltals (people), Central America, (i)
Uganda: witch-hunting, (i)
Ukraine: witch trials, (i)
Ulster Cycle of stories, (i)
United States of America: satanist beliefs and practices, (i); animals and witches in south-west, (i)
Uralic group (peoples), (i)
Urray, Margaret, (i)
Uttar Pradesh (India): fear of witchcraft, (i)
Valais region, western Alps, (i), (ii), (iii)
Valencia, (i)
Valens, Roman emperor, (i)
Valentinian, Roman emperor, (i)
Valentinian dynasty (Rome), (i)
Valkyries, the, (i)
vampires, (i)
Varro, (i)
Vatnsdalers’ Saga, (i), (ii)
Vaudois (word), (i)
Vaughan, William, (i)
Veleda (Germanic prophetess), (i)
veneficium (killing by stealth), (i), (ii)
Venice, (i), (ii), (iii)
Venus (goddess), (i), (ii)
Venus (planet), (i)
Venusberg, (i)
Vikings, (i)
Villers, Wilhelm, (i)
Violet, Project (British police task force), (i)
Virgil, (i)
visionaries, (i)
visions, ecstatic, (i), (ii), (iii)
voces magicae, (i), (ii), (iii)
Votyaks (people; Udmurts or Chuds), Russia, (i)
Vugusu (people), western Kenya, (i)
Waldburga (Lothar II’s mistress), (i)
Waldensians, (i), (ii)
Wales: inspired persons, (i); fairies, (i), (ii); Devil in popular culture, (i); few witch trials, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv); thief hunt, (i); evil eye in, (i); belief in magic, (i); medieval records and beliefs, (i), (ii); lacks fear of witchcraft, (i); animal familiars, (i), (ii); popular belief in witches, (i)
Walpurgis Night, (i)
Wamgubwe (people), Tanzania, (i)
War of the Gaedhil with the Gaill (Irish saga), (i)
Warboys, Huntingdonshire, (i)
Warner, William, (i)
Wars of the Roses, (i)
Watchers, Book of the, (i)
Watson, Isobel, (i)
werewolves, (i)
Weyer, Johann, (i)
Wharton, Goodwin, (i)
Wilburn, Andrew, (i)
Wilby, Emma, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
Wild Hunt (‘Wilde Jagd’), (i), (ii)
William of Auvergne, Archbiship of Paris, (i), (ii)
William I (the Conqueror), King of England, (i)
William of Newburgh, (i)
Wills, Harry, (i)
Wimbum (people), Cameroon, (i)
Winchester, (i)
witch-doctors, (i), (ii)
witch-hunts: frequency, (i), (ii); age of accused, (i); in post-colonial Africa, (i); social function, (i); in ancient Rome, (i); in Middle Ages, (i), (ii); and folkloric tradition, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x); and heresy hunting, (i), (ii), (iii); in England, (i)
witch trials: incidence, (i); in early Europe, (i), (ii), (iii); historical study of, (i); belief in, (i); and non-European practices, (i); regional variations, (i); rare in Mesopotamia, (i); origins, (i); in northern Norway, (i); justification for, (i); victims, (i); and folk belief, (i); of followers of the Lady, (i); in Milan (14th century), (i); and stereotypes of accused, (i), (ii); in early modern Europe, (i), (ii); and gender of accused, (i), (ii), (iii); torture used, (i); distribution, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi); and religious division, (i); proponents, (i); explanations for, (i); and ceremonial magicians, (i); punishments modified in Mediterranean countries, (i); accusations and confessions, (i); fantasy elements in, (i); in Scotland, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v); role of fairies in, (i); in Celtic regions, (i), (ii); in Wales, (i); in Ireland, (i); in England, (i); as male war against women, (i)
witchcraft: defined, (i); study of, (i); in Middle Ages, (i), (ii); in different cultural systems, (i), (ii), (iii); historians and study of, (i); post-colonial fear of, (i); as threat to conjugal relations, (i); and sorcery, (i); voluntary and involuntary, (i); and Devil worship, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii); killings related to, (i); measures against, (i); negative characteristics, (i); and cosmological-supernatural beliefs, (i); social effects, (i); caused by social divisions and tensions, (i); belief in and reality, (i), (ii); evidence produced, (i); medical interpretation of, (i); deliverance from, (i); European ideas inherited from antiquity, (i); in Mesopotamia, (i); absence in ancient Greece, (i), (ii); among Sámi, (i); as work of the Devil, (i); as life-affirming pagan religion, (i); satanic conspiracy, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x); and shamanism, (i); in medieval England, (i); European executions, (i); ‘reality’ of, (i), (ii); and evil eye, (i); and magic, (i); European rejection of belief in, (i); global belief in, (i)
witches: definitions, (i); relationship with fairies, (i); believed to cause harm, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v); work within tradition, (i), (ii); social hostility to, (i); fear of, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi); in close and informal relationships, (i); caused by physical affliction, (i), (ii); unwitting harm by, (i); spirit possession, (i); take personal items or waste from prospective victims, (i), (ii), (iii); as evil, (i); flying, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv); cannibal, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi),
(xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi), (xvii); operate at night, (i), (ii); secrecy, (i); resistance to and counter-measures, (i); detection and punishment, (i), (ii); use real animals, (i), (ii); stereotypes, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv); feared in Mesopotamia, (i); Hittite, (i); and ancient Hebrews, (i); child and baby killing, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v); eat victims, (i); ‘sabbath’ (communal meetings), (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x); absent from Scandinavian texts, (i); in Saga literature, (i); as alternative (pagan) religious practitioners, (i), (ii); demonic, (i); in Anglo-Saxon England, (i); early modern satanic, (i); born with caul, (i); beggars, (i); ride wolves, (i); restore slaughtered animals, (i); offences, (i); recall bewitchment, (i); pacts with demons, (i); mode of travel to sabbath, (i); attempt deliberate harm, (i); command fiends and fairies, (i); unbelievers in, (i); as thieves of dairy produce, (i); animal familiars, (i), (ii); assisted by demons, (i); take animal shapes, (i), (ii); body marks and supposed extra teats, (i); fighting, (i)
wits (word), (i)
wolves, (i)
women: accused of witchcraft, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi); work evil in sleep, (i); burned alive, (i); confess to being witches, (i); in Mesopotamian society, (i), (ii); among ancient Hebrews, (i); and love philtres, (i); magicians condemned in Greece, (i); Roman magic workers, (i); as strigae, (i); Germanic credited with special powers, (i), (ii); as shamans, (i); in Norse accounts, (i); followers of the Lady, (i), (ii), (iii); deep dreams and delusions, (i); cast spells to deceive or ensnare men, (i); put to death for magic practices in Middle Ages, (i); meet in ‘synagogues’, (i); said to turn into hares, (i); accused of milk-stealing, (i); in Irish medieval literature (hags), (i); as beautiful enchantresses, (i); see also night-flying
Woodeaton, Oxfordshire, (i)
Wotan see Odin
Wratislaw II, King of Bohemia, (i)
Wulfstan II, Archbishop of York, (i)
Württemberg, (i)
Yahweh (Hebrew deity), (i), (ii)
Yakö (people), eastern Nigeria, (i), (ii)
Yelemaphent-iginu (Sierra Leone male witches), (i)
Yoruba (people), Nigeria, (i)
Zambia: accusations of witchcraft, (i); prophet in, (i)
Zardari, Asif Ali, president of Pakistan, (i)
zduhačs, (i)
Zimbabwe: witch-hunting in, (i); animal familiars, (i)
Zionist churches, Northern Province, South Africa, (i)
Ziplantawi, Hittite princess, (i)
zodiac, (i), (ii)
zombies, (i)
Zoroaster: religion, (i), (ii)
Zulu (people), southern Africa, (i), (ii), (iii)
Zuñi (people), south-west North America, (i), (ii)
The Witch Page 59