It is 1943; billowing dust and information, the government ‘Better Farming Train’ slides across rural Australia, bringing expert advice to those living on the land. Amongst the swaying cars an unlikely seduction occurs between Robert, a man with an unusual taste for soil, and Jean, a young seamstress. In an atmosphere of heady scientific idealism they settle in the impoverished Mallee with the ambition of proving that science can transform the land. This novel evokes the Australian landscape and probes the fragile relationships between man, science and nature. This special edition celebrates 40 years of Picador with one of Australia’s finest literary reads. With 16 pages of extra content, including Reading Group notes, an essay and awards list, this special edition will make a valuable contribution to your bookshelf.
EVERYMAN’S RULES FOR
SCIENTIFIC LIVING
Carrie Tiffany was born in West Yorkshire and grew up in Western Australia. She spent her early twenties working as a park ranger in the Red Centre and now lives in Melbourne, where she works as an agricultural journalist. Everyman’s Rules for Scientific Living (2005), her first novel, was shortlisted for numerous awards including the Orange Prize, the Miles Franklin Literary Award, the Guardian First Book Award and the Commonwealth Writers’ Prize, and won the Dobbie Award for Best First Book (2006) and the 2005 Western Australian Premier’s Book Award for Fiction. Her second novel is Mateship with Birds.
Also by Carrie Tiffany
Mateship with Birds
The characters in this book are fictitious and any resemblance to real persons, living or dead, is purely coincidental.
First published 2005 in Picador by Pan Macmillan Australia Pty Ltd
This 2012 edition published in Picador by Pan Macmillan Australia Pty Ltd
Level 25, 1 Market Street, Sydney, NSW 2000
This project has been assisted by the Australian Government through the Australia Council, its arts funding and advisory body.
The author gratefully acknowledges the assistance of a Varuna Fellowship.
Copyright © Carrie Tiffany 2005
The moral right of the author has been asserted.
Photographs reproduced with the permission of the State Library of Victoria.
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted by any person or entity (including Google, Amazon or similar organisations), in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, scanning or by any information storage and retrieval system, without prior permission in writing from the publisher.
National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication data:
Tiffany, Carrie.
Everyman’s rules for scientific living / Carrie Tiffany
ISBN 9781742611495
Young women – Fiction.
Married women – Fiction.
Rural conditions – Fiction.
Scientists – Fiction.
Farm life – Fiction.
Australia – Fiction.
A823.4
Designed by Stephen Banham
Typeset by Midland Typesetters
Printed and bound in Australia by Griffin Press
These electronic editions published in 2012 by Pan Macmillan Australia Pty Ltd
1 Market Street, Sydney 2000
Copyright © Carrie Tiffany 2012
The moral right of the author has been asserted.
All rights reserved. This publication (or any part of it) may not be reproduced or transmitted, copied, stored, distributed or otherwise made available by any person or entity (including Google, Amazon or similar organisations), in any form (electronic, digital, optical, mechanical) or by any means (photocopying, recording, scanning or otherwise) without prior written permission from the publisher.
Everyman's Rules for Scientific Living
Carrie Tiffany
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Visit www.panmacmillan.com.au to read more about all our books and to buy both print and ebooks online. You will also find features, author interviews and news of any author events.
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And with heartfelt thanks to KJS.
Cover
Blurb
About the Author
Copyright
Dedication
1. The Better Farming Train Brings Science to the Man-on-the-Land
2. Frank Finnegan’s Fruit
3. The Folly Cow
4. A Lecturette on Good Soil Husbandry
5. The Honey Car
6. Three Incidents at Jeparit
7. Welcome to Wycheproof
8. The Experimental Kitchen
9. Mr Ohno’s Gift
10. Lillian’s Taste for Soil
11. Afternoon Tea with Doris McKettering
12. Some Thoughts on Fencing
13. Big Ben from the Air
14. A Trainload of Super Phosphate
15. Sister Crock Proclaims the Babies Thin
16. Drought
17. Mr Frogley Blows in with the Drift
18. Wing Fook’s Mare
19. The Death of Folly
20. A Dodgy Merchant and his Dog
21. Sewing for the Fuller Figure
22. At War Again
23. Fire
24. The One-In, All-In Train Brings War to the Man-on-the-Land
25. Mr Ohno’s Letters
26. At the Commercial
27. A Night of Soil
28. Sister Crock Proclaims the Men Fit
29. The Mallee Sunset
Fully Booked
Carrie Tiffany on Reading
Awards and Recognition
Read On
Carrie Tiffany: The Books That Changed Me
The Book Group Reading Guide and Questions for Discussion
— 1 —
THE BETTER FARMING TRAIN BRINGS SCIENCE TO THE MAN-ON-THE-LAND
1934
There are days of slow chugging through the wheat. I look out of the window at the engine as it rounds a bend. Living on a train is like living inside the body of a snake. We are always leaning into the curves, always looking forwards, or backwards, never around. Here we are arriving at some tiny siding, just a few neat-edged buildings and their sharp shadows. Here we are again, a few days later, pulling away, all of us craning out of the windows, gazing down the long canyon of railway line.
Sometimes a grateful farmer, or his son, will run a length beside us, waving his hat and grinning and calling out, ‘Three cheers for the Better Farming Train,’ as if we are going to war. In those few days at Balliang East, or Spargo Creek or Bendigo we make a place like somewhere else. Somewhere new.
The children say, ‘Look, a circus, look at the tent, look at the animals.’
Time moves differently around us. Our lecturettes, illustrated with lantern slides, show the same farmer, time after time, about his chores. There he is, before breakfast, caring for his dairy herd in the wet hills of Mirboo North. A row of Eaglehawk graziers watch him closely and bray with disbelief at the lush green of the pasture, although the slide is in black and white.
‘Again,’ the men say. ‘We want to see it again.’
We bring to each town new sizes and shapes and colours. Beasts broader than they are high, cows with giant dangling udders whose teats brush the ground like the fingers of a glove, fleece-laden sheep like walking muffs, wheat grown so high by colourless chemicals it reaches the waist of the tallest man. Our
fruits and vegetables on display are large and smooth and perfectly formed. They gleam, inviting touch, and give off a sweet, waxy aroma.
The women’s car is at the end. Fourteen cars of stock and science and produce and then us, a shiny afterthought: infant welfare, cookery and home sciences. My colleagues – Sister Crock, head of ‘women’s subjects’, and Mary Maloney, lecturer in cooking – complain about our position. Or rather Sister Crock complains. She says it is a question of cinders, when the train turns a corner cinders blow back through our windows into our kitchen, onto my dressmaking dummies, dressed and swaying.
Mary Maloney and I smirk. Because she raises this complaint in the Mallee where we chug along for days, as if drugged, pushing through the endless wheat. There are no corners, no hills, no ridges, no edges to anything. At the Minyip siding I notice that the men of the wheat districts are straight-backed and stiff-necked. Many seem dazed at the sight of us. They are men with no experience of corners.
The cinders are not the real reason Sister Crock complains. Being at the end means that when we have finished our lectures at one town and packed up to travel to the next, we must walk through all of the agricultural cars to the sitting car up front. Sister Crock says when a lady travels she must be seated. She says, ‘Oh lordy, lordy,’ clapping a white handkerchief to her nose in the pig car.
Each car is a tunnel of smell. The air moves in through open slats, across the beasts, across us walking up the aisles, and then mixes together behind the train into a heady, steamy cloud. Only the animals grazing in the paddocks as we pass can unmingle the odours and reply in loud yearning to a juicy cow or the sharp piss of a colt in his prime.
We jam Sister Crock between us. Mary is on shit alert. She says ‘Jump now, Sister,’ as a huge Border Leicester ram aims a clod of pellets in front of us. They fall like marbles and we hop about on our toes to avoid them. Sister Crock shakes her head. We have an effect on the animals. It’s not just the shit, they moo and bah and grunt and bellow at us, even after we’ve gone, but perhaps a little more forlornly.
‘We’re starting them up,’ Mary says, smiling at me. And we are. The cacophony of each car is dulled a little by the chorus of the one before.
The dairy car is next. Mary and I like to linger in dairy implements. She is a real farm girl, not like me. Sister Crock had her on recommendation – a nimble girl and a handy cook. Mary’s father was reluctant to let her go and now he sends messages for her, they follow us down the stalls from dairy to dairy, on a milk cart, on a truck, refreshed at a tiny hotel and then spoken by an awkward man hoisting himself into our women’s car.
‘The Maloney girl,’ he’ll say. ‘I have a message for the Maloney girl.’ Mary dusts her hands or smoothes down her apron as the man, always a similar looking sort of man, blushes. ‘Your father, your father says keep well . . . and he loves you.’
Sometimes they leave off the last bit, the love refrain. And we know they had meant to say it, right up until they swung into the car and saw us, three women on a train full of animals, playing house.
Mary drinks in the dairy implements. She explains to me what she knows, the indoor stuff of cream separators and churns and pats and butter-makers and thermometers and hygienic wraps. Mary’s future is in cows. She is secretly engaged to George, the son of a neighbouring dairy farmer. She takes notes about herd testing.
‘It’s the way of the future,’ she says. The future is all around us, in shiny Babcock testers, in huge signs where the luggage racks should be:
All the money in the bank comes from the soil
Cheap cows are costly cows
Grow two blades of grass where one grew before
Get rid of the old scrub bull
Sister Crock is restless, she hurries me and Mary along, her red midi cape flapping around her ample shoulders. The sitting car awaits. As head of women’s subjects Sister Crock doesn’t want to miss anything. We push on in single file through plant identification, tobacco, sheep diseases and honey.
Poultry is next. The poultry car is kept dark to reduce the anxiety of the birds. It is dimly studded with the beady eyes of hens, pullets, cocks and roosters. There is no air in poultry, just the acid stench of shit and another smell too: newness, birth, the unfurling and drying of feathers still sappy from the egg. Orange incubation lights sway over the chick cages like giant lampreys. Mr Ohno the Japanese chicken-sexer is there, sitting on his haunches in the corner practising some leather craft. He jerks upright as we enter and then bobs down again in a deep bow. He is immaculate in pinstripe trousers, a long swallowtail jacket and a silk tie of the deepest scarlet. My eyes settle on his feet which are, as always, encased in white toe socks worn with heavy wooden clogs. Mr Ohno’s smile is so broad it stretches the part in his brilliantined black hair. He nods formally at Sister Crock and Mary, but stands in front of me.
‘Miss Jean. I show you, Miss Jean,’ he says, taking my hands in his. Then he reaches quickly into one of the wire cages and pulls out a tiny chick.
‘Feel he-yah,’ he says. ‘He-yah.’ He guides my fingers over the warm pink rim of the chick’s sex, searching for the spine. I think I feel something, the smallest knot of tissue, then Mary giggles and Sister Crock clears her throat noisily and it’s gone.
Mr Ohno snatches the chick away triumphantly. ‘Ees boy. You feel boy, Miss Jean!’
He bows again and returns the chick to its cage. Sister Crock tells him in her loud lecturing voice that we are not intending to stop, but are just passing through on our way to the sitting car. He nods at her and bows once more in front of me.
‘What number are you, Miss Jean?’
I’m puzzled. I look at Mary for help and she answers for me.
‘She twenty-three, Mr Ohno. Just the right age for a girl, don’t you think?’
Mr Ohno smiles and nods some more. The skin around his eyes folds into tiny crinkles. I would like to touch them. Mr Ohno is the first Japanese I have ever met. He is small but there is something complete about him. He has been with us for two tours – nearly a whole year. He is a world-famous chicken-sexer. His record of five hundred white leghorns in forty-five minutes with ninety-nine percent accuracy and no deaths or injuries has never been bettered.
The soil and cropping wagon is a relief. It has been newly added to the train for our tour into the wheat growing districts of Victoria. The wagon is glass-roofed – all sunlight and air and swaying plants, a greenhouse on rails. We walk down the aisle as if down the middle of a field parted by God. The wheat in the good field on the left is tall and vigorous, the stems reaching out to touch our skirts; on the right just a few dry sticks poke from the soil.
The soil is hungry for phosphate – use SUPER PHOSPHATE, says the sign. There can be no doubting the magic of it.
Mary Maloney explained super phosphate to me like this: ‘It’s an earth mineral, a powdered earth mineral, the best ever discovered, and it makes you light up.’
‘How do you mean?’
‘Well . . .’ Mary’s words were unsteady. ‘I’m just telling what I heard, not what I’ve seen, but when you touch it in the sack or on the ground it makes you glow like there’s a light inside you. Dad heard of a bloke down at Drouin who spread it in the morning and woke up in the night with his hands all alight. They found him in the dam next morning, stiff with cold.’
Sister Crock said his death was clearly a case of poor farm hygiene. But I rolled the strange new word around on my tongue – super phosphate, super phosphate, super phosphate. If you drank the water from around the lit-up farmer, or perhaps just a little of the powder in a clean cup mixed with water, would you glow all over? If it lights up your body would it light up your mind?
Sister Crock slides the door of the sitting car. It is another tunnel of smell. The smell of men. We smile and nod our greetings and take our places on the plush leather seats. A dozen men sit smoking, cross-legged, some still in their white demonstrator’s coats. The superintendent is working at his desk.
T
here are two types of men on the Better Farming Train – agricultural and railways. Each is then divided again. In railways there are stokers and drivers who we never see, guards and officials that we do. In agricultural there are stock hands, demonstrators and experts. Only the demonstrators and experts make it to the sitting car, except for Mr Ohno who prefers the company of his chickens, and the new soil and cropping expert, who prefers the company of himself. The stock hands travel in the hay stall where they play serious card games on the uneven bales.
We have an effect on the men. But not like we have on the animals. The men shut down for a time when we arrive. Their talk drops to a murmur and they draw themselves in, hugging their arms to their bodies, closing off their smell.
‘How are your numbers, Sister?’ An innocent but foolish question from Mr Plattfuss.
Sister Crock takes a deep breath then she’s off. Attendances for lecturettes at Marnoo, average weight of babies presented, numbers of primary and secondary school girls, quantities of pamphlets and recipes handed out. She quizzes a few of the lingerers after each lecturette and from this has compiled another set of statistics – miles travelled & mode. Sister Crock says we can judge the wealth and health of our country by the increasing number of motor cars. But when the heat is rising in our demonstration car the smell is still of warm pony and wet leather. Many children wear the stain of horse sweat between their thighs.
The sitting car rumbles again with discussion. Mary has joined the dairy demonstrators who are talking about mastitis. Mary and I have talked about mastitis late at night in our bunks – Mary hanging above me like the dairy angel, her voice muffled in the small space of our sleeping compartment.
‘Dad can tell just by their faces. They’ll be walking into the shed of a morning and he’ll say, Mary take this one out, she’s got sore . . .’
‘Sore what? Come on, what did he say?’
Mary whispers, ‘Titties. I get a basin of warm water and Dettol and sit and massage her udder. Sometimes it’s burning, so hot and swollen. I have to be very gentle, kneading like dough. I can tell if I am doing it the right way because she gives this special sort of grunt. Sometimes the kneading frees things up and a big spurt of first milk comes out, all over me.’
Everyman’s Rules for Scientific Living (Picador 40th) Page 1