Servan-Schreiber, Jean-Jacques, 171, 178, 198, 202, 203, 220, 231–2, 542
Servier, Jean, 35, 88–90, 92–3, 100, 103, 139, 155, 167, 254–6, 403n
Sétif, 23–8, 43, 69, 71, 74, 132, 185, 245, 316, 327, 408
S.F.I.O. (Section Française de l’Internationale Ouvrière — French socialist party), 126, 297
Shakespeare, William, 535
Sidi-Bel-Abbès, 115, 169, 451, 551, 563
Sidi-Ferruch: 1830 landing at 29, 36, 100, 562; 1942 landing at, 42
Signoret, Simone, 416
Simon, General, 448, 451
Simon, Pierre-Henri, 115, 174, 197, 205–6, 232
“Sixty-One, Motion of the”, 123–4
Skorzeny, Otto, 439
Slimane, Major, 412, 468, 476–7, 509
Slovenija, 261
Smail, Youssef, 334, 388
“smallpox chart”, 111–12, 116, 123, 151, 170
Smith, Ian, 148, 279, 485, 546
Souk-Ahras, 265–6, 268
Souma, 84
Soummam, 131, 336, 413
Soummam Conference, 143–6, 158, 184, 190, 224, 226, 317, 337, 470, 472, 522, 536, 546
Soummam Declaration, 231, 407, 478
Soustelle, Jacques, 105–6, 517; driving habits, 16; thanked, 17; on Muslim women, 50; misled about Egypt, 85, 162; supports Mendès-France, 99; on “sorcerer’s cauldron”, 105; appointed governor-general, 105–7; arrives in Algiers, 107, 180, 311; and S.A.S., 108–9, 166, 220, 254; and Tillion, 109–10, 212, 517; and Monteil, 110–11; and Dupuy, 112; calls for reinforcements, reorganises army, 112–13; army code of conduct, 113; and “collective responsibility”, 114; visits Aurès, 115; reforms delayed, 117; “conversion” of, 117; and Philippeville massacre, 120–4; and U.N., 124; and French elections, 124, 126; replaced, 126; emotional departure, 127, 148, 282; and F.L.N.’s use of terror, 134; and Abbas, 140; Mollet follows, 151; on army morale, 152, on loi-cadre, 156, 240; and torture, 197; predicts loss of Algeria, 239, 269; Aimée et Souffrante Algérie, 239; at U.N., 246, 464; and Oiseau Bleu, 256; and de Gaulle, 274, 281, 300; Sérigny and, 277, 283; placed under surveillance, 288; returns to Algeria, 291–2; and paix des braves, 307; victim of terrorists, 318; alienated from de Gaulle, 341, 473; and “Barricades Week”, 265–6; resigns from cabinet, 366, 374; and destruction of French schools, 403; and Comité de Vincennes, 417–18, 434, 498; visits Salan, 420, 439; flees France, 499; later career, 554
South Africa, 445, 485, 548
Soviet Union see U.S.S.R.
Spain, 175, 182, 206, 237, 262, 420, 445, 498, 527, 552–3; immigration to Algeria from, 32, 47, 51, 58; immigrants from Algeria to, 532–3.
Spillman, Georges, 100, 102, 113
Springer, Ernst-Wilhelm, 262
Staouéli, 56
State of Emergency Bill, 116
statut organique (1947), 69, 106, 155
Stauffenberg, Claus von, 444, 449n
strikes in Algeria, 149–50, 191, 474, (threatened), 240, 308; in France, 66, 152, 241, 269, 383, 456, 505
Süddeutsche Zeitung, 357
Suez Canal, 85, 157
Suez operation, 159, 161–5, 170, 176, 178, 186, 188–90, 239, 241, 243, 278, 290, 438, 554
Sulzberger, Cyrus L., 313, 375, 436, 446n, 496, 544
Sunday Times, The, 328
Suñer, Serrano, 439, 453
Surcouf, 259–60
Sûreté (Algiers), 85, 190, 527
Susini, Jean-Jacques, 350, 351, 354, 359, 373, 418, 434, 440–1, 447, 453, 458, 480–5, 489, 491, 494, 497, 531–2
Sweden, 262
Swift, Jonathan, 183, 231
Switzerland, 76, 227, 228n, 238, 262–3, 510, 512, 541, 556
Syria, 67, 148, 247, 262
Tahiti, 551
Talleyrand, Charles Maurice de, 436
Tamanrasset, 44, 291, 307, 345
Tangier, 229, 263
tanks: unsuitable for Algeria, 100, 107, 165; breaking strikes in Algiers, 191; and F.A.F. riots in Algiers, 429–30; outside National Assembly, Paris, 455
taxation, 63
Tébessa, 112, 117
teenagers, 135
Teheran hostages diplomacy, 561
Teitgen, Paul, 17, 27n. 180–2, 202–4, 206–207, 233, 246, 284–5
Telergma, 454
Témoignage Chrétien, 232
Teniet-el-Abd, 88
Terrenoire, Louis, 435
Tétouan, 225, 229
Thiers, Adolphe, 11, 13
Third Reich, 198, 203, 259, 488
Third World: Algeria and, 12–13, 123–4, 130–1, 464, 559–60; Boumedienne and, 327, 557, 559–60
Thomas, Hugh, 162–3
Thomazo, Jean, 275, 276–9, 283, 286–8, 294–5, 351
Thorez, Maurice, 318, 434
Tiffelfel, 91
Tighanimine gorges, 89, 91
Tillion, Germaine, 109; thanked, 17; and “middle of the ford”, 61; on economic plight of Algerians, 110; on effects of repression, 114–17; on Soummam Conference, 146; and torture, 212–213; meets Yacef, 213; attempts mediation, 214–17, 270; on regroupement, 221; Sartre—Beauvoir view of, 235; on change in France, 273; on Muslim children’s essays, 403; on Muslim society, 407–8; and Boupacha, 416; and centres sociaux, 517; on France’s aims, 522
timber industry, 57
Times, The, 171, 350, 561
Timgad, 88, 560, 562, 564
Tipasa, 18–19, 45, 561, 563
Tito, Josip Broz, 135, 228, 262, 406, 409, 559
Tixier-Vignancour, Jean-Louis, 427, 542
Tizi-Ouzou, 50, 63, 432, 448
T’kout, 89, 91, 100–1
Tlemcen, 61, 138, 411, 428
Toronto, 564
torture: of five Kabyles, 117; rumours of, 172; during Battle of Algiers, 195–6; Massu on, 196, 201, 204–5; Wuillaume Report on, 197; techniques, 198–200; Lacoste on, 200; Teitgen on, 204; effectiveness, 204–6; Behr, Godard, Camus on, 205; Fanon, Joxe on, 208; Tillion and, 212–13; continued threat of, 218; French reaction to, 232–4; and Challe Plan, 339; used in France, 500; of “loyal” Muslims, 537
Touabas, 92
Toudja, 336, 563
Toulon, 179, 275, 318
Toulouse, 294, 550
Touré, Sékou, 304–5, 345
Tournoux, J.-R., 79, 159, 170, 242, 275, 280, 300, 377
trade unions, 138
Trappe, La, 56, 554
Trappist monks, 32, 56
Tricot, Bernard: thanked, 17; on prospect of cease-fire, 340; on de Gaulle, 342, 366, 377, 38–1, 422; on his “Barricades Week” broadcast, 370; and Operation Tilsit, 389–91, 393; on Algiers in October 1960, 417–18; and in December 1960, 433; on the putsch, 454–5, 463; at Evian negotiations, 408–71, 473; on Lugrin talks, 476; on shopkeepers in Kabylia, 479; on O.A.S., 497; on return of pieds noirs, 506; on peace agreements, 522–3; and Fouchet, 529; on Algiers in June 1962, 531
Trinquier, Roger, 167, 194–9, 209, 211, 258–9, 266, 278, 285–6, 291, 294, 438, 452, 484, 551
Tripier, Philippe, 273, 314, 335, 395
Tripoli, 129, 144, 146, 328, 385–6, 477, 487, 519, 536
Truman, Harry S., 151n, 365
Tubert Commission Report, 25–7
Tunis, 159, 219, 224–8, 245, 316, 510, 549
Tunis radio, 496
Tunisia, 67–8, 98–9, 106, 130, 151, 176, 221, 264–5, 325, 378, 474–5, 529, 535
Turkey, 475; rule of Algeria, 28–9
Turquant, Château de, 468–9
Twenty-Two, Meeting of the, 15, 79, 94, 119
U.D.C.A. (Union de Défense des Commerçants et Artisans), 107, 126
U.D.M.A. (Union Démocratique du Manifeste Algérien), 71–3, 75, 120, 140, 316, 478, 536
U.F.N.A. (Union Française Nord-Africaine), 148, 277
U.G.T.A. (Union Générale des Travialleurs Algériens), 138, 191, 351
Ulema, Association des, 39–40, 75, 131, 407
“ultras”: political attitude of, 56; and Ben Boulaid’s escape, 142n; organisations, 148; hostile to Mollet, 148–
9; and “bazooka”, 181–2; and “equality”, 291; effect on French government, 299; and de Gaulle, 308; and “self-determination”, 347, 359; will broken, 396; form F.A.F., 418; and O.A.S., 440–1, 480, 484; and Salan, 481
unemployment, 62–3, 105, 110, 541
United Nations: Algeria and, 12, 124, 131; Charter and self-determination, 25, 95; general strike and, 190, 192, 224; F.L.N. at, 219, 245–7, 317, 425, 505, 522; loicadre and, 240; General Assembly, 247, 464–5; Political Committee, 247, 425, 464; possible mediation by, 249; Security Council, 250; on France and “self-determination”, 385; and December 1960, 434; Krim at, 464; suports F.L.N., 464–5; 547; and Bizerta, 475; December 1961 session, 507
U.S.A.: and Algerian corsairs, 29; “Deep South”, 54; French distrust of, 67; and Korea, Vietnam, 130, 321; and Suez, 162–3; and Saharan oil, 242; and N.A.T.O. arms, 243–4, 335; “the land of truth”, 245; revolted by terrorist outrages, 246; policy on Algeria begins to shift, 247; Tunistan bid to buy arms from, 249; and Sakiet, 250; and arms dealing, 262; State Department, 284; and G.P.R.A., 316; de Gaulle visits, 374; relations with France falter, 384; Kennedy becomes president of, 417; rumoured involvement in putsch, 445–446; Senate C.I.A. hearings, 446, 498; reduces aid to France, 463; Bidault refused entry, 553; Algerian relations with, 559; Algerians trained in, 558, 561; and Teheran hostages diplomacy, 561
U.S.A.F. (United States Air Force), 113, 384
U.S.S.R.: alleged involvement in Algeria, 14; reluctance to send arms, 138; and Hungarian revolt, 161–2; launches first sputnik, 242; first contact with F.L.N., 247; attitude to F.L.N., 316, 405, 547; recognition of F.L.N., 405; F.L.N. delegation visits, 405; attacks French policy on Algeria, 463–4; honours Ben Bella, 541; aid to post-war Algeria, 548; and Algeria today, 559; see also Moscow
Vadim, Roger, 544
Valère, Commissaire, 25–6
Valluy, Étienne, 443, 542
Valmy, General, 382
Vanuxem, Paul, 491, 499
Vaujour, Jean, 86, 85, 88, 96, 107
V.E. Day, 23–4
Vercors, 233, 416–17
Vicky, 377
Vidal-Naquet, Pierre, 182, 201, 203, 233–234, 416, 500
Vie Catholique, La, 233
Viet-Minh, 67, 78, 83, 102, 166–7, 177, 179, 407
Vietnam, 67–8, 130n, 221, 244, 321, 396, 398, 405, 419, 507, 538, 546, 548, 551
Vincennes, 459, 543
Vincennes, Comité de, 417–18, 434, 498–9
Viollette, Maurice, 36–7, 41, 53, 70, 108, 299, 346
Viratelle, Gérard, 17
“Voice of the Arabs”, 85
Voix de l’Algérie, 133
voting rights, 33
Warnier Act, 31
Washington, 247, 385
Wedgwood Benn, Anthony, 244
White, Sam, 17
Wilayas, 83, 222–3, 254, 264, 321–3, 325, 337, 352, 390, 392, 400, 469–70, 478, 537; Wilaya 1, 119, 141–2, 225, 322, 326; Wilaya 2, 118–19, 144, 225, 266, 323, 326, 337, 412, 426, 536: Wilaya 3, 119, 131, 222, 225, 259–60, 266, 322–3, 335–6, 387, 392, 536–7; Wilaya 4, 119, 225–6, 251–2, 257, 260, 322–5, 334, 387–94, 396n, 412–13, 443, 530, 536–7; Wilaya 5, 119, 144, 225–6, 323, 327–8, 333, 390n, 412; Wilaya 6, 223, 258, 322, 324
Wilde, Oscar, 46
wine industry, 32, 46, 51, 56, 62, 539
women: dress of Kabyle and Chaouia, 49; toughness of Algerian, 50; veiled and recluse Muslim, 50–1; and racial prejudice, 54–5; enfranchisement of Muslim, 69; in Battle of Algiers, 185–6; Tillion and Fanon on Muslim, 401; in guerrilla war, 402; in peace, 403; emancipation, 559
Wu, Robin, 17
Wuillaume Report, 197
Yacef, Saadi, 184, 167, 183–7, 191–4, 208–9, 211–18, 222, 251, 259–60, 264, 270, 306, 314, 390, 401–2, 413, 490, 555, 563
Yacine, Kateb, 27
Yazid, M’hamed, 245, 61, 71, 130–1, 219, 246–7, 250, 316–17, 321, 425, 464–5, 470, 496, 511
Yéti, Châlet du, 510–15, 519
Yugoslavia, 129, 175, 262, 406, 513, 559
Yugoslav partisans, 14, 135
Yveton, Fernand, 137–8, 204
Z.A.A. (Zone Autonome d’Alger), 184, 194, 260, 413, 531
Zabane, Ahmed, 153, 183, 185
Zavatta, Achille, 366
Zeller, Marie-André, 152, 426, 441, 444, 448–52, 456, 458–9, 462, 527, 552
Zéralda, 201, 371, 426–7, 448–9, 458–9, 481, 563
Zerrari, Rabah, see Azedine
Zibri, Colonel, 557
Zighout, Youssef, 118–19, 144, 225
zones, interdites, d’opérations, de pacification, 166, 186.
This is a New York Review Book
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Copyright © 1977, 1987, 1996, 2006 by Alistair Horne
All rights reserved.
Cover photograph: Algerian demonstrators in the Belcourt neighborhood of Algiers protesting a visit by Charles de Gaulle, 1960; Keystone/Gamma
Cover design: Katy Homans
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Horne, Alistair.
A savage war of peace : Algeria, 1954–1962 / by Alistair Horne ; preface by
Alistair Horne.
p. cm. — (New York Review Books classics)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
1. Algeria—History—Revolution, 1954–1962. I. Title: Algeria, 1954–1962. II.
Title. III. Series.
DT295.H64 2006
965’.046—dc22
2006003506
eISBN 978-1-59017-481-4
v1.0
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