11. “MAB Model D pistol,” Wikipedia, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAB_Model_D (accessed July 13, 2012).
12. “Sauer 38H,” Wikipedia, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sauer_38H (accessed July 13, 2012).
13. Texas Ranger Files: letter dated Oct. 31, 1946.
14. Ibid.: letter dated Nov. 16, 1946.
15. Ibid.: letter dated Dec. 1, 1946.
16. Janice Knowlton and Michael Newton, Daddy Was the Black Dahlia Killer (New York: Pocket Books, 1995).
17. Dallas Times Herald, Feb. 10, 1947.
18. Texas Ranger Files: letters dated Feb. 24 and 28, 1947.
19. FBI File No. 62-80864: letter dated Jan. 22, 1947.
20. Ibid.
21. Ibid.: memo dated Jan. 23, 1947.
22. Ibid.: FBI Lab report dated Feb. 4, 1947.
23. Ibid.
24. Ibid.: FBI Lab work sheet dated Jan. 24, 1947.
25. Ibid.: FBI Lab report dated Feb. 4, 1947.
26. Ibid.: memos dated Feb. 6, 12 and 15, 1947.
27. Ibid.: memo dated Feb. 20, 1947.
28. Ibid.: teletype dated Feb. 25, 1947.
29. Ibid.: teletype dated Feb. 26, 1947.
30. Texas Ranger Files: letter dated March 1, 1947.
31. FBI File No. 62-80864: memo dated March 4, 1947.
32. Texas Ranger Files: letter dated March 11, 1947.
33. FBI File No. 62-80864: memo dated April 12, 1947.
34. Ibid.: memo dated May 6, 1947.
35. Ibid.: memos dated April 17, 21, 22 and 29, 1947.
36. Ibid.: memo dated April 24, 1947.
37. Ibid.: memo dated May 2, 1947.
38. Ibid.: memo dated May 13, 1947.
39. Ibid.
40. Ibid.: letters and memo dated Sept. 6, 13 and 18, 1947.
41. Ibid.: memo dated Sept. 27, 1947.
42. Ibid.: memo dated Oct. 22, 1947.
43. Ibid.: memos dated Oct. 27 and 31, 1947.
44. Texas Ranger Files: letter dated Oct. 19, 1947.
45. Ibid.: letter dated Oct. 21, 1947.
46. Texarkana Gazette, Nov. 10, 1947.
47. Ibid.
48. Ibid., Nov. 10 and 12, 1947.
49. Texas Ranger Files: letter dated Jan. 16, 1951.
50. Ibid.: letter dated Nov. 17, 1947.
51. Ibid.
52. Ibid.: communiqué dated Nov. 18, 1947.
53. FBI File No. 62-80864: memo dated March 5, 1948.
54. Ibid.: memos dated March 12 and 20, 1948.
55. Ibid.: memo dated May 6, 1948.
56. Ibid.: letter dated May 21, 1948.
57. Ibid.: memo dated Oct. 11, 1948.
58. Ibid.: memos dated Oct. 18 and 19, 1948.
59. Ibid.: memo dated Oct. 15, 1948.
60. Ibid.
61. Ibid.: memo dated Oct. 22, 1948.
62. The Doe Network: Case File 1880DFTX, http://doenetwork.org/cases/1880dftx.html (accessed November 13, 2012).
63. Ibid.
64. Ibid.
65. Ibid.
66. Dallas Morning News, Aug. 25, 1996.
67. Ibid.; Valley Morning Star (Harlingen, TX), Nov. 8, 1948.
68. Valley Morning Star, Nov. 8, 1948.
69. Breckenridge (TX) American, Nov. 8, 1948; Dallas Morning News, Aug. 25, 1996.
70. FBI File No. 62-80864: letter and memos dated Nov. 8 and 9, 1948.
71. Texarkana Historical Items.
72. FBI File No. 62-80864: memo dated Nov. 19, 1948.
73. Ibid.: memo dated Nov. 15, 1948.
74. Ibid.: memo dated Nov. 18, 1948.
75. Ibid.: memo dated Dec. 3, 1948.
76. Ibid.: memo dated Dec. 13, 1948.
77. Ibid.: memos dated Dec. 15, 16, 17, 20, 22, 23, 27, 29, 30 and 31, 1948; Jan. 4, 6, 7, 10, 12, 13, 14, 19, 25 and 31, 1949; Feb. 1, 7, 8, 10, 14, 16, 18, 21, 25 and 28, 1949; March 2, 7, 8, 10, 11, 14, 15, 18, 21, 22, 25, 28, 29 and 30, 1949; April 1, 7, 8, 12, 1415, 18, 19, 22, 26 and 28, 1949; May 2, 4, 5, 6, 9, 10, 16, 20, 23, 26 and 31, 1949; June 2, 6, 7, 8, 9, 14, 16, 21, 27, 28 and 29, 1949; July 5, 6, 11, 13, 15, 18, 22, 25 and 27, 1949; Aug. 2, 3, 5, 9, 10, 11, 15, 19, 22, 25 and 26, 1949; Sept. 6, 7, 8, 9, 13, 16, 19, 22, 23, 26, 28 and 29, 1949; Oct. 3, 7, 10, 11, 13, 17, 24, 25, 26 and 31, 1949; Nov. 2, 4, 7, 8, 14, 17 and 22, 1949; Dec. 1, 3, 5, 6, 7, 9, 13, 16, 19, 2123, 27, 28, 29 and 30, 1949; Jan. 9, 13, 18, 20, 23, 26, 30 and 31, 1950; Feb. 2, 6, 7, 9, 14, 17, 21, 23, 27 and 28, 1950; March 6, 9, 13, 14, 16, 17 and 20, 1950; Feb. 17, 1960.
78. Texas Ranger Files: letter dated Jan. 10, 1949.
79. Ibid.: letter dated Jan. 12, 1949.
80. Ibid.: letter dated Jan. 18, 1949.
81. FBI File No. 62-80864: letter dated Feb. 3, 1949.
82. Ibid.: letter dated Feb. 10, 1949.
83. Ibid.: memo dated Feb. 10, 1949.
84. Texas Ranger Files: letter dated March 14, 1949.
85. Ibid.: letter dated March 18, 1949.
86. FBI File No. 62-80864: memos dated April 1 and 4, 1949.
87. Ibid.: memo dated April 26, 1949.
88. Ibid.: memos dated April 7, May 7, and May 13, 1949.
89. Ibid.: memo dated May 31, 1949.
90. Ibid.: memos dated June 1, 7 and 15, 1949.
91. Ibid.: memos dated June 30, July 11, and July 19, 1949.
92. Ibid.: memo dated Aug. 15, 1949; lab report dated Aug. 19, 1949.
93. Ibid.: memos dated Aug. 16 and 25, 1949.
94. Ibid.: memos dated Oct. 12 and 13, 1949.
95. Ibid.: letter and memos dated Oct. 14, 19, 21 and 25, 1949.
96. Ibid.: memos dated Nov. 2 and 10, 1949.
97. Ibid.: memos dated Dec. 2, 7 and 15, 1949.
98. Ibid.: memo dated Nov. 17, 1949.
99. Ibid.: memos dated Nov. 25 and Dec. 1, 1949.
100. Ibid.: letter and memos dated Jan. 16, 23 and 24, 1950; Feb. 3, 1950.
101. Ibid.: letter and memos dated Jan. 26, 27 and 30, 1950; Feb. 3, 1950.
102. Ibid.: memos dated Jan. 16, 24 and 31, 1950; Feb. 13, 16, 21 and 28, 1950; March 20 and 29, 1950; April 6 and 28, 1950.
103. Cumberland (MD) Evening News, April 21, 1950.
104. Texas Ranger files: letter dated May 12, 1950.
105. Ibid.
106. FBI File No. 62-80864: memos dated May 4 and 18, 1950.
107. Ibid.: memos dated June 22 and 26, 1950.
108. Schenectady (NY) Gazette, Oct. 3, 1950.
109. Texas Ranger Files: letter dated Oct. 4, 1950.
110. Evening Recorder (Amsterdam, NY), June 18, 1951.
111. “Korean War,” Wikipedia, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korean_War (accessed July 9, 2012).
112. Texarkana Phantom Killer: transcript of letter dated Jan. 11, 1951.
113. Texas Ranger Files: letter dated Jan. 16, 1951.
114. Malsch, pp. 189–91.
115. New York Times, June 16, 1906.
116. Time, May 24, 1954, http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,823445-4,00.html (accessed July 22, 2012).
117. LA Weekly, Sept. 16, 2004, http://www.laweekly.com/2004-09-16/news/don-t-mess-with-texas (accessed July 22, 2012).
118. USA Today, Oct. 14, 2005; Washington Spectator, Oct. 3, 2011.
119. Malsch, p. 191.
120. “Tales of the Texas Rangers,” Wikipedia, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tales_of_the_Texas_Rangers (accessed July 23, 2012).
121. Arkansas Democrat Magazine, May 11, 1954.
122. Tri-City Herald (Pasco, Kennewick and Richland. WA), July 22, 1954.
123. Wilson and Pitman, Encyclopedia of Murder, p. 402.
124. Texarkana Gazette, May 9, 1971; Texarkana Phantom Killer.
125. Texas Ranger Files: letter dated Aug. 28, 1956.
126. FBI File No. 62-80864: memos dated July 3, 8 and 10, 1957.
127. USA Today, Dec. 11, 2008.
128. Dallas Morning News, Aug. 25, 1996.
129. Ibid.
130. Ibid.
131. Ibid.
132. Ibid.
134. New York Times, Sept. 1, 1895.
135. Ibid.
136. “Jack the Ripper suspects,” Wikipedia, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_the_Ripper_suspects (accessed July 10, 2012).
137. “Thomas E. A. Stowell,” Wikipedia, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_E._A._Stowell (accessed July 10, 2012).
138. Stephen Knight, Jack the Ripper: The Final Solution (London: George G. Harrap & Co. Ltd., 1976).
139. “Jack the Ripper suspects,” Wikipedia.
140. David Abrahamsen, Murder and Madness: The Secret Life of Jack the Ripper (New York: Donald I. Fine, 1992).
141. James Badal, In the Wake of the Butcher: Cleveland’s Torso Murders (Kent, OH: Kent State University Press, 2001); Steven Nickel; Torso: Eliot Ness and the Search for a Psychopathic Killer (Winston-Salem, NC: John F. Blair, 1989).
142. Badal, In the Wake of the Butcher, pp. 211–227.
143. “Boston Strangler,” Wikipedia, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boston_Strangler (accessed July 10, 2012).
144. “Albert DeSalvo,” Wikipedia, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert_DeSalvo (accessed July 10, 2012).
145. Joe Baboza and Hank Messick, Barboza (New York: Dell, 1975).
146. Dick Lehr and Gerard O’Neill, Black Mass: The Irish Mob, the FBI, and a Devil’s Deal (New York: PublicAffairs, 2000).
147. Susan Kelly, The Boston Stranglers: The Public Conviction of Albert Desalvo and the True Story of Eleven Shocking Murders (New York: Citadel, 1995).
148. “George Nassar,” Wikipedia, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Nassar (accessed July 10, 2012).
149. “Issei Sagawa,” The Life of a Cannibal, http://iml.jou.ufl.edu/projects/spring03/rawlins/sagawa.htm (accessed July 10, 2012); “Issei Sagawa,” Wikipedia, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Issei_Sagawa (accessed July 10, 2012).
150. FBI File No. 62-80864: memos dated Feb. 15 and 19, 1960.
151. “Melvin Rees Case File,” Crimerack, http://www.crimerack.com/2012/01/melvin-rees-case-file (accessed July 10, 2012).
152. Texas Ranger Files: letter dated July 7, 1960.
153. FBI File No. 62-80864: memos dated July 12 and 19, 1960.
154. Texas Ranger Files: letter dated Aug. 13, 1960.
155. Ibid.: letter dated Aug. 17, 1960.
156. FBI File No. 62-80864: memos dated Nov. 22, 25 and 28, 1960; Dec. 1, 5, 6, 8, 13 and 16, 1960.
157. Bakerfield Californian, July 21, 1961.
158. Texas Ranger Files: letter dated Oct. 24, 1961.
159. FBI File No. 62-80864: memos dated Aug. 9, 13 and 17, 1962.
160. Dallas Morning News, Aug. 25, 1996.
Chapter 11
1. “Texarkana Moonlight Murders,” Wikipedia.
2. “Jackson Neely ‘Jack’ Runnels,” Find a Grave, http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GSln=RU&GSfn=j&GSpartial=1&GSbyrel=all&GSdyrel=all&GSst=46&GScntry=4&GSob=n&GSsr=921&GRid=71125537&df=all& (accessed July 5, 2012).
3. Texarkana Historical Items.
4. Rondo Memorial Cemetery, http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~txkusa/Cemeteries/newrondomemorial.html (accessed June 23, 2012).
5. Social Security Death Index, http://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=ssdi&rank=1&new=1&so=3&MSAV=0&msT=1&gss=ms_db&gsfn=william+h.&gsln=presley&msddy=1972&msdpn__ftp=Bowie+County%2C+Texas%2C+USA&msdpn=350&msdpn_PInfo=7-%7C0%7C1652393%7C0%7C2%7C3249%7C46%7C0%7C350%7C0%7C0%7C&dbOnly=_F00032DD%7C_F00032DD_x&uidh=000 (accessed July 7, 2012).
6. Texarkana Gazette, May 9, 1971.
7. Ibid.
8. Gideon v. Wainwright, 372 U.S. 335 (1963).
9. Doughty v. Maxwell, 376 U.S. 202 (1964).
10. Escobedo v. Illinois, 378 U.S. 478 (1964).
11. Miranda v. Arizona, 384 U.S. 436 (1966).
12. Ex parte Swinney, 499 S.W.2d 101, 102 (Tex.Cr.App. 1973).
13. Texarkana Daily News, Sept. 23, 1972.
14. Ex parte Swinney.
15. Texarkana Daily News, Sept. 23, 1972.
16. Ibid.
17. Ibid.
18. Ex parte Swinney.
19. Ibid.; Texas Department of Corrections File No. 108586.
20. Dallas Observer, Feb. 1, 2001; Case, “The man who caught the phantom killer...,” p. 11.
21. Texas Department of Corrections Files No. 326380 and 476635; Social Security Death Index, http://ssdi.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/ssdi.cgi (accessed Jan. 7, 2011).
22. Geringer, “The Phantom Killer”; Dallas Observer, Feb. 1, 2001.
23. Geringer, “The Phantom Killer”; Dallas Observer, Feb. 1, 2001.
24. Federal Bureau of Prisons Inmate Locator, http://www.bop.gov/iloc2/InmateFinderServlet?Transaction=NameSearch&needingMoreList=false&FirstName=youell&Mi dle=&LastName=swinney&Race=W&Sex=M&Age=&x=107&y=22 (accessed June 23, 2012).
25. “Charles B. Pierce,” Wikipedia, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_B._Pierce (Accessed Jan. 6, 2011); “Charles B. Pierce,” Internet Movie Database, http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0682309 (accessed July 1, 2012).
26. “Charles B. Pierce,” Wikipedia.
27. Ibid.; “Charles B. Pierce,” Internet Movie Database.
28. “The Town That Dreaded Sundown,” Internet Movie Database, http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0075342 (accessed July 1, 2012).
29. “The Town That Dreaded Sundown,” Wikipedia, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Town_That_Dreaded_Sundown (accessed Jan. 6, 2011).
30. Ibid.
31. Ibid.
32. Ibid.
33. Ibid.
34. Dallas Morning News, Jan. 5, 2003.
35. “The Town That Dreaded Sundown,” Turner Classic Movies, http://www.tcm.com/this-month/article/382629%7C449586/The-Town-That-Dreaded-Sundown.html (accessed July 1, 2012).
36. “Charles B. Pierce,” Internet Movie Database.
37. Texarkana Gazette, Oct. 31, 2009.
38. Malsch, pp. 6–7; “Manuel Trazazas Gonzaullas,” Texas Ranger Hall of Fame and Museum.
39. “Gonzaullas, Manuel Trazazas [Lone Wolf],” The Handbook of Texas Online.
40. The Record (Bergen County, NJ), March 22, 1998.
41. Ibid.
42. Ibid.
43. Texarkana Gazette, March 31 to April 7, 1996; Dallas Morning News, Aug. 18, 1996.
44. Dallas Observer, Feb. 1, 2001.
45. Ibid.
46. Dallas Morning News, Jan. 12, 2003.
47. Hardel.
48. Ibid.
49. Texarkana Gazette, Aug. 7, 2006.
50. Ibid.
51. Dallas Observer, Feb. 1, 1001; “Texarkana metropolitan area,” Wikipedia; Rasmussen, Corroborating Evidence II, p. 128.
52. William Rasmussen, Corroborating Evidence: The Black Dahlia Murder (Santa Fe: Sunstone Press, 2004).
53. “Zodiac Killer,” Wikipedia, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zodiac_Killer (accessed July 3, 2012).
54. Ibid.
55. Ibid.
56. Rasmussen, Corroborating Evidence II, pp. 127–8.
57. “Zodiac Killer,” Wikipedia.
58. Ibid.
59. Rasmussen, Corroborating Evidence II, p. 151.
60. The Zodiac Crimes, http://www.zodiackillerfacts.com/ZodiacCrimes.htm (accessed July 3, 2012).
61. Rasmussen, Corroborating Evidence II, p. 216.
62. “The Arthur Leigh Allen File,” ZodiacKiller.com, http://www.zodiackiller.com/AllenFile.html (accessed July 3, 2012).
63. Rasmussen, Corroborating Evidence II, p. 214.
64. Geringer, “The Phantom Killer.”
65. Rasmussen, Corroborating Evidence II, p. 214.
66. The Zodiac Crimes.
67. Rasmussen, p. 214; City Distance Tool, http://www.geobytes.com/CityDistanceTool.htm (calculated July 3, 2012).
68. Rasmussen, Corroborating Evidence II, p. 214.
69. Ibid., pp. 214–15.
70. Ibid., p. 215.
71. Ibid.
72. Ibid.
73. “Zodiac Killer letters,” Wikisource, http://en.wikisource
.org/wiki/Zodiac_Killer_letters (accessed July 3, 2012).
74. Rasmussen, Corroborating Evidence II, p. 215.
75. The Zodiac Crimes.
76. Rasmussen, pp. 215–16.
77. “Youell Swinney: 45rpm,” http://www.45rpmmovie.com/youell-swinney (accessed July 24, 2012).
78. USA Today, Dec. 11, 2008.
79. Texarkana Gazette, Feb. 14, 2010; Abingdon Theatre Company, http://www.abingdontheatre.org/rentals/dorothystrelsin.aspx (accessed July 4, 2012).
80. Back Stage, Feb. 1, 2010, http://www.backstage.com/bso/reviews-ny-theatre-off-broadway/phantom-killer-1004064100.story (accessed July 4, 2012).
81. Ibid.
82. Texarkana Gazette, Feb. 14, 2010.
83. musicOMH, http://www.musicomh.com/theatre/nyc_phantom-killer_0110.htm (accessed July 4, 2012).
84. Ibid.
85. Variety, Feb. 1, 2010, http://www.variety.com/review/VE1117942055?refCatId=33&ref=related (accessed July 4, 2012).
86. Ibid.
87. Ibid.
88. Ibid.
Conclusion
1. David Emery, “The Hook,” Urban Legends, http://urbanlegends.about.com/od/horrors/a/the_hook.htm (accessed June 19, 2012).
2. “Hall–Mills murder case,” Wikipedia, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hall%E2%80%93Mills_murder_case (accessed June 20, 2012).
3. Newton, Still at Large, pp. 258–61.
4. New York Times, Oct. 4–9, 1937.
5. “Clarence Hill,” Murderpedia, http://murderpedia.org/male.H/h/hill-clarence.htm (accessed June 20, 2012).
6. “Werner Boost,” Murderpedia, http://murderpedia.org/male.B/b/boost-werner.htm (accessed June 20, 2012).
7. Douglas Preston, The Monster of Florence (New York: Grand Central, 2008.
8. The Daily Oklahoman, May 12, 1970.
9. Maury Terry, The Ultimate Evil—The Truth About the Cult Murders: Son of Sam and Beyond (New York: Barnes & Noble, 1999).
10. Newton, Still at Large, pp. 165–7.
11. “Lover’s Lane Killer,” America’s Most Wanted, http://www.amw.com/fugitives/case.cfm?id=71049 (accessed June 20, 2012).
12. “Mbulaheni David Mmbengw,” Murderpedia, http://www.murderpedia.org/male.M/m/mmbengwa.htm (accessed June 20, 2012).
13. Douglas et al., Crime Classification Manual, pp. 64, 123.
14. Ibid., pp. 64–72.
15. Ibid., pp. 123, 128, 133, 136.
16. Ressler et al., Sexual Homicide, p. 122.
17. Ibid., p. 123.
18. Ibid., p. 122.
19. Ibid., p. 123.
20. Douglas et al., Crime Classification Manual, pp. 199, 227.
The Texarkana Moonlight Murders Page 27