Bengal: famine (1943–4), xvii, 351, 422–5
Bennett, Maj.Gen. Gordon, 211
Berezhkov, Valentin, 144
Bergholz, Olga, 313–14
Bergonzoli, Gen. Annibale, 109
Beria, Lavrenti: proposes elimination of Polish officers, 21; warns Stalin of proposed German invasion, 144; orders arrests, 146; as head of NKVD, 156; shoots dissident elements in prisons, 162; and NKVD actions at Stalingrad, 310; purges, 496
Berle, Adolf, 184
Berlin: bombed, 475, 478–9, 484–5, 492; anti-aircraft defences, 480; zoo bombed, 489; Russians reach, 595, 613; Eisenhower leaves to Russians, 611, 612; Zhukov’s assault on, 621–5; Red Army rape and destruction in, 627–8, 629
Bevan, Aneurin, 335
Beveridge Report (1942), 335
Bévésiers (French submarine), 125
Billotte, Gen. Gaston, 62
biological warfare: by Japanese, 428, 672
Bir Hacheim, Libya, 136
Birbahadur, Naik, 457
Bird, Lt. Tom, 110
Bismarck Sea, Battle of the (March 1943), 267
Black, Lt. Earlyn, 202
Blamey, Gen. Sir Thomas, 119
Blanchard, Gen. Georges, 57, 62, 63
Bleichman, Ephrahim, 4, 12, 522
Bletchley Park: decrypting and intelligence operations, xix, 367–9, 663; and U-boat radio traffic, 283; women at, 353
blitzkrieg: doctrine of, 177
Blois-Brooke, Lt.Cdr. Michael, 650
Blomberg, Field Marshal Werner von, 105
Blum, John Morton, 199
Blumenson, Martin, 186, 594
Blumentritt, Lt.Gen. Gunther, 300
Blundell, Cdr. George, 295, 297
Blunt, Maggie Joy, 39–40
Blunt, Roscoe, 333
Bock, Field Marshal Fedor von, 148, 162, 303
Boddy, Lt. John, 289
Bogenhardt, Tassilo von, 374, 397, 402
Bolzano (Italian cruiser), 297
bomb disposal, 96–7
Bond, Petty Officer Roger, 564
Bondi, Capt. (German liaison officer to Italians), 374
Bone, Ted, 470, 478
Bonnet, Georges, 16
Borkovsky, Dieter, 619
Bormann, Martin, 488
Borneo, 645
Borthwick, Capt. Alastair, 332
Bose, Lt. A.M., 417
Bose, Subhas Chandra, 421–2
Boshell, Maj. Frankie, 562
Bougainville, 564
Bowlby, Lt. Alex, 462, 595
Bradley, Gen. Omar: troops’ indifference to war, 230; reputation, 380; campaign in Normandy, 554–5; hatred of Montgomery, 584
Bradshaw, Sgt. Sam, 131
Bramm, Peter, 161
Brandt, Lt. Karl-Friedrich, 387
Branson, Clive, 420
Brantly, Lt. Hattie, 202
Brauchitsch, Field Marshal Walther von, 76, 144, 175
Braun, Eva, 626
Brazil: joins Allies, 398
Brennan, Jack, 477–8
Brereton, Gen. Lewis, 232
Brest: submarine pens, 280
Brewster, Kingman, 186
Brickell, Russell, 120
Briggs, Laura, 339
Bristowe, Cdr. Bobby, 125
Britain: declares war on Germany, 1, 8–11; guarantees to Poland, 2–3; fails to support Poland, 15–16; conditions in ‘phoney war’, 27–9, 40; children evacuated, 28; accidents and road deaths in blackout, 29; civil defence, 29; differences with France, 41, 50, 62–3; troops in Norway campaign, 48–9; evacuates Norway, 50; inadequacy of army, 60–1; evacuated from France, 64–7; casualties in 1940 campaign in France, 72; German air assault on, 79, 81, 92–3; invasion threat to, 80, 90–1; scientific and technological superiority, 81–2; civilian casualties from air attacks, 93, 480; people’s views of war, 102–3; military prestige sinks, 128; communities’ behaviour in fall of Malaya, 210; soldiers’ irresolution, 215, 364; as aircraft and naval base, 269; dependence on sea supplies, 269, 275; merchant shipping losses, 284; wartime annual imports, 284; dockworkers’ inefficiency, 286; delegation to Moscow (1942), 299; total casualties, 324–5, 670; home front conditions, 342–5; food rations, 347; output of consumer goods declines, 347; women workers, 352–3; armaments production falls, 362; US troops in, 363; intelligence sharing with USA, 368; internment of dissenters and aliens, 400; opposes early landing in France, 442; artillery excellence, 445; inferior army wireless communications, 446; air bases, 491; anti-Semitism, 515–16; hesitancy over invasion of Normandy, 531; troops’ reluctance over invasion of Europe, 531–2; infantry weapons, 539–40; land war against Japanese, 559; manpower shortage in advance through Europe, 585, 588; developments on atomic bomb, 647; returned prisoners-of-war, 655–6; enters war as act of principle, 660; low human cost of war, 662–3; unmilitary behaviour, 662; defiance, 663; post-war loss of power, 663
British Empire: contribution to war effort, 408–9; administration, 421
British Expeditionary Force (BEF): in France, 25; and German advance, 53–4; evacuation from France, 63–7, 72–3; material losses in France, 67
Brontman, Lazar, 170, 302–3, 354, 381, 392–3, 526–7
Brooke, Gen. Alan (later Viscount Alanbrooke): on demoralised French army, 27; in Cairo with Churchill, 366; and slow Allied advance in Italy, 455, 529; hesitancy over invasion of Europe, 531; and British disposition in advance through Europe, 588; on army’s limitations, 663; achievements, 666
Brooke-Popham, Sir Robert, 202, 219
Broome, Capt. Jack, 291, 295
Brothers, Pete, 84, 86
Brown, Capt. Ramsay, 296, 298
Browning, Christopher, 520–2
Browning, Lt.Gen. Frederick (‘Boy’), 581
Bruneval, near Le Havre, 325–6
Bruns, Col. Walter, 508
Brush, Herbert, 95
Brussels: liberated (1944), 557
Bucharest: liberated, 658
Buckingham Palace: bombed, 101
Buckner, Gen. Simon Bolivar, 641, 644
Budapest: battle for and capture by Russians, 599–605
Budyonny, Marshal Semyon, 307
Bukov, Vasya, 312
Bulgaria: neutrality in Italian attack on Greece, 116; joins Axis, 118; Russians declare war on, 550
Bulge, Battle of the (winter 1944–5) see Ardennes
Burgett, Donald, 591
Burgoyne, Gen. John, 494
Burke, Capt. Arleigh, USN, 566
Burleigh, Michael: Moral Combat, xx, 81
Burma: Japanese invade and occupy, 218–20, 223–4, 434; British administration and attitudes, 219–20; Chinese military intervention in, 223–4; British losses in, 224; Indians in, 225–6; refugees, 225; pro-Japanese sentiments, 415; Indian airmen in, 418; British counter-strategy in, 433, 559; Wingate’s Chindits in, 434, 634; hostility to Japanese, 435, 500; Japanese declare independent, 435; Slim reconquers, 563, 633–4, 645, 664; post-war conditions, 659
Burma Defence Army, 225, 634–5
Burma Railway, 416
Burma Road (to China), 218, 222, 224
Burrough, Rear-Adm. Harold, 296–7
Busatti, Sgt. Franco, 457
Busch, Field Marshal Ernest, 546
Butler, John, 129–30
Butler, Signalman Richard, 271
Butler, Richard Austen, 226
Caen, Normandy, 537, 539, 554–5
Cairo: wartime conditions, 134; Rommel threatens, 306, 365
Calcutta: death rate in 1943 famine, 424
Calvocoressi, Peter, Guy Wint and John Pritchard: Total War, xix
CAM ships (armed merchantmen), 288
Campbell, Sir Ronald, 73
Canada: provides convoy escorts, 276, 283; troops in Dieppe raid, 326; tolerant attitude to Germans, 400; military service, 413–14; French Canadian hostility to war, 414; troops in invasion of Italy, 451; troops in Normandy battle, 555; troops delayed in Scheldt estuary, 584; soldiers’ behaviour in Europe, 587; casualties, 670
C
anaris, Adm. Wilhelm, 113
Canberra, HMAS (cruiser), 256–7
Capano, John, 401
Carnera, Primo, 111
Caroline Islands, 439
Carton de Wiart, Maj.Gen. Adrian, 7, 22, 49–50
Cartwright, Jim, 534
Carullo, Anthony, 402
Caruso, Lt. Patrick, 636
Casablanca Conference (1943), 432, 442, 484
Cash-and-Carry Bill (US, 1939), 185
Castlerosse, Valentine Edward Charles Browne, Viscount, 39
Catroux, Gen. Georges, 128
Caucasus: Germans drive for oilfields, 302–3, 306
Cazalet, Capt. Peter, 210
Chaiko, Igor, 313
Chamberlain, Neville: announces declaration of war, 9; and British guarantees to Poland, 15; reluctance to wage war, 17; non-intervention in Finnish winter war, 35; opposes violation of Norwegian neutrality, 39; and conduct of Norway campaign, 49–51; resigns premiership, 52–3; hopes for US involvement in war, 186
Channel Islands (British), 340, 575
Chappell, William, 330
Charlemagne Division (French Waffen SS), 625–6
Charlton, George, 287
Chauvel, Jean, 69
Cheek, Tom, 250
Chennault, Claire, 221
Cherkassy, 395
Chetniks (Yugoslavia), 465–8
Chevalier-Paul (French super-destroyer), 127
Chiang Kai-shek, 191, 193, 222–3, 427–9, 560, 634
Childers, Lloyd, 249
Chin Kee On, 499
Chin Peng, 415
China: Japanese war in, xvi, 191–2, 427, 429, 432, 634; and Burma Road, 218, 222; offers military aid in Burma, 222–3; Japanese troops diverted to, 260, 428; food shortages, 349; internal divisions and conflict, 427–8; supply routes, 427; Japanese biological experiments in, 428–9; wartime casualties, 428–9, 669; ‘comfort women’ for Japanese, 429–31; Japanese behaviour in, 429–32; in reconquest of Burma, 634; communist takeover thwarted at war’s end, 658–9
Chindits, 434–5, 634
Chindwin river, 224–5, 411, 563, 634
Chrystal, Capt. Charles, 120
Chuikov, Gen. Vasily: in Finnish war, 33; at Stalingrad, 308–11, 320
Churchill, (Sir) Winston S.: and Jewish suffering, xvii; and prospective war with Soviet Russia, 15; urges French to launch offensive, 17; and Finnish winter war, 35–6; and early naval actions, 38; advocates Norway expedition, 41, 49, 51; succeeds Chamberlain as prime minister, 52–3; meets Weygand in France, 63; approves evacuation of French soldiers at Dunkirk, 66; defiance, 72–3, 77, 79, 90, 101–2, 124, 661; sends relief force to France, 72–3; speech to Commons (18 June 1940), 78; orders bombardment of French fleet, 81; and invasion threat to Britain, 91; refuses peace negotiations, 99; undefined war aims, 102; impatience with Wavell, 109, 270; and occupation of Iraq, 124; and occupation of Syria, 125, 128; and conduct of North Africa campaign, 128–9, 132; shocked at fall of Tobruk, 138; meets Roosevelt in Washington: (June 1940), 138; (December 1941), 199; urges support for Russia, 147; hopes for US involvement in war, 186–7, 189; on Japanese threat, 197; concentrates Empire’s forces in Middle East, 203; on Japanese jungle warfare skills, 208; urges last-ditch resistance in Singapore, 212–13; and fall of Singapore, 214–15; dismay at soldiers’ irresolution, 215; and effect of loss of Empire in South-East Asia, 227; on effect of convoy system, 272; on U-boat threat, 273, 275; supports Allied supplies for Russia, 284, 290, 293; Anders complains to of Russian behaviour, 305; encourages special forces and actions, 325; enjoys war, 327; ideals, 335; and limiting food imports to Greece, 352; Mediterranean strategy, 364, 454; and North African defeats, 366; impatience for Eighth Army offensive, 369; decrees Torch landings in North Africa, 375; celebrates victory in North Africa, 380; claims popular international support, 398; imperialism, 408; and India’s economic buoyancy, 416; denies relief for Bengal famine, 423–5; criticises British campaign in Far East, 433–4; praises Chindits, 434; granted choice of when to invade, 442; and invasion of Italy, 443, 528; supports campaign in Italy, 454; supports Yugoslav actions against Germans, 464; favours Tito’s forces in Yugoslavia, 466; on bomber offensive against Germany, 476–7, 483; fails to dismiss Harris, 494; refuses to consider post-war social reform before victory, 503; reservations over bombing of French rail links, 531; delays invasion of Europe, 533; and recapture of Burma, 559–60, 633, 635; disbelieves speedy victory in autumn 1944, 576; and European post-war settlement, 612; and development of atom bomb, 647; and wartime Grand Alliance, 659; achievements, 661, 663; embraces Russian alliance, 661
Ciano, Count Galeazzo: and Polish resistance to Germany, 2; on French campaign against German advance, 68; and Italian attack on Greece, 116
Claflin, William, 186
Clague, John, 219
Clark, Gen. Mark, 451, 530, 595
Clarke, Senator D. Worth, 191
Classon, Jack, 28
Clements, Capt. Martin, 254
Cobra, Operation, 554
Cochrane, Air Vice-Marshal Sir Ralph, 478–9
Cole, David, 446
Colossus (electronic computer), 368
commanders: assessed, 666–9
commandos, 326
communism, 660
Compass, Operation, 110–11
Compton, Capt. John, 445
concentration camps: German, 505–6; inmates killed at war’s end, 620–1; see also death camps
Condor Legion (German): in Spain, 471
Conrath, Gen. Paul, 445, 447
convoys: system introduced, 272; ship losses, 273, 275, 282–3; frequency, 275; U-boat attacks on, 280–2, 284; Arctic to Soviet Russia, 284–93; to Malta, 295–6; see also PQ16; PQ17; PQ18
Cook, Sgt. Charles, 234
Cookman, Mary Carson, 198
Cooper, Lady Diana, 202, 206, 415
Cooper, Duff, 208
Coral Sea, Battle of (1942), 237–41, 245, 264, 306, 669
Cork and Orrery, Adm. William Henry Dudley Boyle, 12th Earl of, 49
Corregidor island, 234–5
Corti, Lt. Eugenio, 318–19, 459, 662
corvettes, 272
Coughlin, Father Charles, 190
Courland (Latvia), 550, 615
Coventry: bombed, 93
Cox, F/Sgt. Charles, 325
Crace, Rear-Adm. John, 237
Crafter, Ron, 478
Craig, Corp. Jack, 264
Craig, Lt. Norman, 334, 371, 542–3
Crawford, William, 327
Cree, Brig. G.H., 411
Crete, 116, 122–3, 128
Crimea: German success in, 300–1, 304; Schörner defends, 526
Cripps, Sir Stafford, 419
Croatia: hostility to Serbs, 405, 465, 469
Crook, Dick, 86
Crook, Phyllis, 343–4
Cropper, Corp. John, 554, 631
Croudson, Henry, 28
Crowell, Lt. Dick, 245
Crusader, Operation, 128, 131, 135
Csescy, Imre, 599
Cullen, Lance Bombardier Morry, 119
Cunningham, Gen. Alan, 109–10, 128–9
Cunningham, Adm. Sir Andrew: shortage of air cover in Mediterranean, 105; ship losses at Crete, 123; Taranto victory, 294; qualities, 667
Curtin, John, 213, 222
Cutter, Pvt., 332
Cyprus, 116
Czechoslovakia: Germany annexes, 8; arms supply, 141; Russians occupy, 611
D-Day see Normandy
Dahl, Roald, 127
Dakar: Gaullist attempt on, 125
Daladier, Edouard: promises aid to Finland, 36; favours cutting off German iron ore supplies from Sweden, 39; resigns, 41; criticises British, 50
Darby, Col. Bill, 451
Darwin, Australia: bombed by Japanese, 400
Das, Arangamohan, 422
Dauntless dive-bombers (US), 240, 250–1
Davidson, Maj. Basil, 466
Davidson, Pvt. Ron, 329
Davies, Bob, 96–7
Davies,
Norman, 2
Davin, Lt. Dan, 119
Davis, Pilot Officer Donald, 10
Daw Sein, 218
Dawley, Maj.Gen. Mike, 452
D’Cruz, Emily, 226
death camps (German), 502, 507, 512, 514, 516, 518–20; see also concentration camps
Deck, Josef, 167
Decoux, Adm. Jean, 407
decryption: of enemy messages, 123; see also Ultra intercepts
Dees, Joe, 188
Deng Yumin, 430
Denmark: Germany occupies, 45; Jews protected from deportation, 404; agricultural supplies to Germany, 504; Allies protect from Russian advance, 611, 613
Dennis, First Lt. Alec, 286
Denny, Chief Officer C.B., 277
Dentz, Gen. Henri, 127–8
De Ruyter (Dutch cruiser), 217
Deseö, László, 604
Desplats, Lt. Jacques, 72
Deutsche Allgemeine Zeitung (newspaper), 14
de Valera, Éamon, 399, 653
Devastators (US torpedo bombers), 240, 248–9
Devers, Lt.Gen. Jake, 579, 581, 586
Diadem, Operation, 259
Dick, Shirley Karp, 354
Didier family (of Sainlez), 592
Dieppe: raid (1942), 326
Diercks, Lt. Lyman, 543, 631
Dill, Gen. Sir John, 105
Diller, Pfc Eric, xix
Dior, Christian, 404
displaced persons: at war’s end, 654
Dixon, Lt.Cdr. Bob, 238
Djilas, Milovan, 466–8, 608, 629
Dnieper river, Russia, 306, 382–3, 393, 394, 525
Dodecanese campaign (1943), 298
Doe, Bob, 84
Don, river, 302–3, 384
Dönitz, Grand-Adm. Karl, 273–4, 279, 283, 306, 630
Doolittle, Col. James, 237, 429
Doorman, Adm. Karel, 217
Dora (German heavy gun), 300–1
Dorfman, Harold, 471, 477
Dorman-Smith, Sir Reginald, 219
Dose, Wolf, 176–7
Douglas, Keith, 364, 370, 373
Dowding, Air Chief Marshal Sir Hugh, 82, 86–8
Doyle, Janet, 354
Drake, Billy, 85
Dresden: bombed, 493, 610 & n; Red Army reaches, 612, 618
Dressler, Erich, 448, 453
Drobiński, Bolesław, 84
Drummond, Irene, 213
Dugan, Haynes, 363
Dugdale, Blanche, 514
Dunand, Jean-Louis, 71–2
Dunkirk: evacuation (1940), 54, 64–7
Dunlop, Lt.Col. Edward (‘Weary’), 216–17
Durham Light Infantry: in Sicily, 447
Dutch East Indies: refugees from Singapore, 211; Japanese attack, 217–18; nationalist movement, 658; execution of Japanese war criminals, 671
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