Settlement upon the Occurrence of a
   asset (e.g. where employee costs are capitalised
   Contingent Event.
   as part of the cost of PP&E or inventories).
   27 FASB ASC 718 – Compensation – Stock
   11 Financial Instruments with Characteristics of
   Compensation (formerly FAS123(R), Share-
   Equity, Discussion Paper, IASB, June 2018.
   Based Payment), FASB, December
   2004,
   12 IFRIC Update, March 2013.
   para. 32, footnote 18a.
   13 IFRIC Update, July 2014.
   28 IASB Update, September 2011.
   14 Accounting Standards Update 2014-12, FASB,
   29 IFRIC Update, May 2013.
   Accounting for Share-Based Payments When
   30 IFRIC Update, September 2013.
   the Terms of an Award Provide That a 31 IFRIC Update, September 2013.
   Performance Target Could Be Achieved after
   32 IASB Update, February 2014.
   the Requisite Service Period (Topic 718).
   33 IASB Update, April 2014.
   15 IASB Update, November 2013.
   34 D17 – IFRS 2 – Group and Treasury Share
   16 IFRIC Update, July 2010 and September 2010.
   Transactions, IASB, 2005, para. IE5.
   17 ‘Contingent feature’ is not a defined term in
   35 IFRIC Update, May 2013.
   IFRS 2 but is used in the September 2011 IASB
   36 IFRIC Update, November 2005.
   Agenda Paper 7D (para. 49) to refer to a 37 Financial Reporting Guide 2 – Accounting for
   condition not currently defined in IFRS 2.
   Black Economic Empowerment (BEE)
   18 IFRIC Update, November 2010 and March 2011.
   Transactions, Accounting Practices Committee
   19 IASB Update, September 2011.
   (APC) of SAICA, December 2012.
   20 IASB Update, May 2016.
   38 Financial Reporting Guide 2 – Accounting for
   21 FASB ASC 718 – Compensation – Stock
   Black Economic Empowerment (BEE)
   Compensation (formerly FAS123(R), Share-
   Transactions, Accounting Practices Committee
   Based Payment), FASB, December
   2004,
   (APC) of SAICA, December 2012.
   [20-55-25].
   22 IASB Update, September 2011 and IASB Agenda
   Paper 7D September 2011 para. 57 et seq.
   2761
   Chapter 31
   Employee benefits
   1 INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................... 2765
   2 OBJECTIVE AND SCOPE OF IAS 19 ............................................................ 2765
   2.1
   Objective .............................................................................................................. 2765
   2.2 Scope
   ....................................................................................................................
   2766
   2.2.1
   General scope requirements of IAS 19 .......................................... 2766
   2.2.2
   Employee benefits settled by a shareholder or another
   group entity .......................................................................................... 2767
   3 PENSIONS AND OTHER POST-EMPLOYMENT BENEFITS – DEFINED
   CONTRIBUTION AND DEFINED BENEFIT PLANS ....................................... 2767
   3.1
   The distinction between defined contribution plans and defined
   benefit plans ......................................................................................................... 2767
   3.2 Insured
   benefits
   ..................................................................................................
   2768
   3.3 Multi-employer plans ........................................................................................ 2770
   3.3.1
   Multi-employer plans other than plans sharing risks
   between entities under common control ...................................... 2770
   3.3.1.A
   The treatment of multi-employer plans .................... 2770
   3.3.1.B
   What to do when ‘sufficient information’
   becomes available .......................................................... 2772
   3.3.1.C
   Withdrawal from or winding up of a multi-
   employer scheme ........................................................... 2772
   3.3.2
   Defined benefit plans sharing risks between entities under
   common control ................................................................................. 2772
   3.4
   State plans ............................................................................................................ 2774
   3.5
   Plans that would be defined contribution plans but for the
   existence of a minimum return guarantee ..................................................... 2775
   3.6 Death-in-service
   benefits
   .................................................................................
   2776
   4 DEFINED CONTRIBUTION PLANS .............................................................. 2779
   4.1
   Accounting requirements .................................................................................. 2779
   2762 Chapter 31
   4.1.1
   General ................................................................................................. 2779
   4.1.2
   Defined contribution plans with vesting conditions ................... 2779
   5 DEFINED BENEFIT PLANS – GENERAL ..................................................... 2780
   6 DEFINED BENEFIT PLANS – PLAN ASSETS ................................................ 2781
   6.1
   Definition of plan assets .................................................................................... 2781
   6.2
   Measurement of plan assets ............................................................................. 2782
   6.3 Qualifying
   insurance
   policies
   ..........................................................................
   2783
   6.4 Reimbursement
   rights
   .......................................................................................
   2783
   6.5
   Contributions to defined benefit funds ......................................................... 2783
   6.6 Longevity
   swaps
   .................................................................................................
   2784
   7 DEFINED BENEFIT PLANS – PLAN LIABILITIES ........................................ 2785
   7.1
   Legal and constructive obligations ..................................................................2785
   7.2 Contributions
   by
   employees and third parties ............................................ 2786
   7.3 Actuarial
   methodology ..................................................................................... 2789
   7.4
   Attributing benefit to years of service ........................................................... 2790
   7.5 Actuarial
   assumptions ........................................................................................2793
   7.6 Discount rate ....................................................................................
................... 2795
   7.6.1
   High quality corporate bonds ......................................................... 2796
   7.6.2 No
   deep
   market ................................................................................. 2798
   7.7
   Frequency of valuations ................................................................................... 2799
   8 DEFINED BENEFIT PLANS – TREATMENT OF THE PLAN SURPLUS
   OR DEFICIT IN THE STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION .................... 2800
   8.1
   Net defined benefit liability (asset) ................................................................. 2800
   8.2 Restriction
   of
   assets to their recoverable amounts ..................................... 2800
   8.2.1
   IFRIC Interpretation 14 – general requirements
   concerning the limit on a defined benefit asset .......................... 2801
   8.2.2
   Economic benefits available as reduced future
   contributions when there are no minimum funding
   requirements for future service ...................................................... 2803
   8.2.3
   IFRIC Interpretation 14 – the effect of a minimum funding
   requirement on the economic benefit available as a
   reduction in future contributions ................................................... 2804
   8.2.4
   IFRIC Interpretation 14 – when a minimum funding
   requirement may give rise to a liability ......................................... 2807
   8.2.5
   Pension funding payments contingent on future events
   within the control of the entity ....................................................... 2809
   9 DEFINED BENEFIT PLANS – PRESENTATION OF THE NET DEFINED
   BENEFIT LIABILITY (ASSET) ....................................................................... 2810
   Employee
   benefits
   2763
   10 DEFINED BENEFIT PLANS – TREATMENT IN PROFIT OR LOSS AND
   OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME ............................................................. 2811
   10.1 Service cost .......................................................................................................... 2811
   10.2 Changes in a defined benefit plan ................................................................... 2812
   10.2.1
   Past service cost .................................................................................. 2813
   10.2.2 Settlements
   ..........................................................................................
   2814
   10.3 Net interest on the net defined benefit liability (asset) ............................... 2816
   10.4 Remeasurements
   ................................................................................................. 2817
   10.4.1
   Actuarial gains and losses .................................................................. 2817
   10.4.2 The return on plan assets, excluding amounts included in
   net interest on the net defined benefit liability (asset) ................ 2817
   11 DEFINED BENEFIT PLANS – COSTS OF ADMINISTERING EMPLOYEE
   BENEFIT PLANS ........................................................................................... 2818
   12 SHORT-TERM EMPLOYEE BENEFITS ......................................................... 2819
   12.1 General recognition criteria for short-term employee benefits ............... 2819
   12.2 Short-term paid absences ................................................................................. 2819
   12.2.1
   Accumulating absences .................................................................... 2820
   12.2.2 Non-accumulating
   paid absences .................................................. 2820
   12.3 Profit-sharing and bonus plans ....................................................................... 2820
   12.3.1
   Present legal or constructive obligation ......................................... 2821
   12.3.2
   Reliable estimate of provision ........................................................ 2822
   12.3.3
   Statutory profit-sharing based on taxable profit. ........................ 2822
   13 LONG-TERM EMPLOYEE BENEFITS OTHER THAN POST-
   EMPLOYMENT BENEFITS ........................................................................... 2822
   13.1 Meaning of other long-term employee benefits ......................................... 2822
   13.2 Recognition
   and
   measurement
   .......................................................................
   2823
   13.2.1
   Attribution to years of service ........................................................ 2823
   13.2.2
   Long-term disability benefit ............................................................ 2823
   13.2.3
   Long-term benefits contingent on a future event ....................... 2824
   14 TERMINATION BENEFITS ........................................................................... 2824
   14.1 Statutory termination indemnities ................................................................. 2825
   14.2 Recognition
   .........................................................................................................
   2826
   14.3 Measurement
   ......................................................................................................
   2826
   15 DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENTS ................................................................... 2827
   15.1 Defined contribution plans .............................................................................. 2827
   15.2 Defined benefit plans ........................................................................................ 2828
   15.2.1
   Characteristics of defined benefit plans and risks
   associated with them ........................................................................ 2829
   15.2.2
   Explanation of amounts in the financial statements ................... 2829
   2764 Chapter 31
   15.2.3
   Amount, timing and uncertainty of future cash flows ................ 2833
   15.2.4 Multi-employer plans ....................................................................... 2834
   15.2.4.A
   Plans accounted for as defined benefit plans .......... 2834
   15.2.4.B Plans
   accounted
   for as defined contribution
   plans ................................................................................. 2835
   15.2.5
   Defined benefit plans that share risks between entities
   under common control ..................................................................... 2835
   15.2.5.A
   Plans accounted for as defined benefit plans .......... 2835
   15.2.5.B
   Plans accounted for as defined contribution
   plans ................................................................................. 2835
   15.2.6
   Disclosure requirements in other IFRSs ....................................... 2837
   15.3 Other employee benefits .................................................................................. 2838
   16 POSSIBLE FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS .......................................................... 2838
   16.1 IASB activities .....................
............................................................................... 2838
   16.2 Interpretations Committee activities ............................................................. 2838
   16.2.1
   The availability of a refund from a defined benefit plan ........... 2838
   List of examples
   Example 31.1:
   Defined benefit plan with employee contributions, where
   the discount rate is higher than the salary growth rate ............. 2788
   Example 31.2:
   The projected unit credit method .................................................. 2789
   Example 31.3:
   Attributing benefits to years of service .......................................... 2791
   Example 31.4:
   Deficit-clearing future minimum funding requirements
   when refunds are not available ....................................................... 2805
   Example 31.5:
   Effect of a prepayment when a minimum funding
   requirement exceeds the expected future service charge ........ 2807
   Example 31.6:
   Effect of the minimum funding requirement when there is
   an IAS 19 surplus and the minimum funding contributions
   payable are fully refundable to the entity..................................... 2808
   Example 31.7:
   Effect of a minimum funding requirement when there is
   an IAS 19 deficit and the minimum funding contributions
   payable would not be fully available ............................................. 2808
   Example 31.8:
   Accumulating paid absences ........................................................... 2820
   Example 31.9:
   Profit sharing and bonus plans ......................................................... 2821
   Example 31.10:
   Termination benefits ........................................................................ 2827
   2765
   Chapter 31
   Employee benefits
   1 INTRODUCTION
   This Chapter deals with IAS 19 – Employee Benefits – as published in June 2011 and
   amended in February 2018. [IAS 19.172]. Predecessors of this standard are discussed in
   earlier editions of International GAAP. The amendments published in February 2018
   address the accounting for a defined benefit plan when a plan amendment, curtailment or
   settlement occurs during the reporting period. They require entities to use the updated
   actuarial assumptions to determine current service cost and net interest for the remainder
   
 
 International GAAP® 2019: Generally Accepted Accounting Practice under International Financial Reporting Standards Page 551