CASMILLA (kas-mee‘-la): mother of Camilla by Metabus, 11.644.
CASPERIA (kay-sper‘-i-a): Sabine town, whose contingent was allied with Turnus, 7.831.
CASPIAN (kas‘-pi-an): inland sea, the largest in the world, between Europe and Asia, 6.921.
CASSANDRA (ka-san‘-dra): daughter of Priam, sister of Hector, lover of Agamemnon, murdered with him by Aegisthus and Clytemnestra. She was a prophetess who foresaw the doom of Troy, her visions inspired by Apollo who, his love rebuffed, denied her the power ever to be believed, 2.311. See Iliad 24.819-30.
CASTOR (kas‘-tor): Trojan comrade of Aeneas, 10.153.
CATILINE (ka‘-ti-leyen): Lucius Sergius Catilina who, in 63 B.C., organized a conspiracy, which bears his name, to overthrow the Roman government, 8.783. See Introduction, pp. 1, 34.
CATILLUS (ka-teel‘-us): twin brother of Coras, brother of Tiburtus, and with his brothers, one who established Tibur and was allied with Turnus’ forces, 7.783.
CATO (kay‘-toh): (1) Marcus Porcius Cato, the Censor, harsh giver of laws, 6.968. (2) Marcus Porcius Cato, called Uticensis because he committed suicide at Utica in Africa rather than endure the victory of Caesar; great-grandson of Cato the Censor, 8.785. See Introduction, p. 34.
CAUCASUS (kaw‘-ka-sus): a mountain range between the Black and Caspian seas, where an eagle perpetually devoured the liver of Prometheus, shackled to a rocky ledge, 4.458.
CAULON (kaw‘-lon): a town near the tip of the southwestern coast of Italy, 3.646.
CELAENO (se-lee‘-noh): leader of the Harpies, possessed of prophetic power, 3.257.
CELEMNA (se-leem‘-na): inland town in northern Campania, source of a contingent allied with Turnus, 7.860.
CENTAUR (sen‘-tawr): name of ship, captained by Sergestus, that founders in the ship-race at the funeral games of Anchises, placing fourth and last, 5.143. See Note 5.134-318.
CENTAURS (sen‘-tawrz): wild creatures, part man and part horse, who live in the vicinity of Mount Pelion, 6.325. See Notes 7.358-59, 8.346.
CERAUNIA (se-raw‘-ni-a): mountains and promontory on the northern coast of Epirus, a menace to mariners, 3.593, that tapers into Acroceraunia, a point of land extending into the narrow straits—the shortest route to Italy, 3.594. See MINERVA.
CERBERUS (ser‘-be-rus): watchdog with three heads that guards the entrance to the Underworld, 6.479.
CERES (see‘-reez): mother of Proserpina, and goddess of grainlands and, by extension, of their products, flour and bread, 1.210.
CETHEGUS (se-thee‘-gus): Rutulian killed by Aeneas, 12.600.
CHAONIA (kay-ohn‘-ni-a): a sector of Epirus where Dodona, the site of an oracle sacred to Jupiter, is located, 3.349; CHAONIAN (kay-ohn’-i-an), belonging to that locale, 3.398, which was named by Helenus after his brother, CHAON (kay‘-on), a Trojan, son of Priam, 3.399.
CHAOS: the Underworld, and god of the Underworld, father of Erebus, or darkness, and Night, 4.639.
CHARON (ka‘-ron): a god of the Underworld, and son of Erebus and Night, who chooses the dead souls that he will ferry across the river Styx, 6.341. Regarding those who are eligible for transport, see Introduction, pp. 28, 37.
CHARYBDIS (ka-rib‘-dis): monster in the form of a giant whirlpool, supposedly located across from Scylla in the Straits of Messina, 3.497.
CHIMAERA (keye-mee‘-ra): name of ship, captained by Gyas (1), that finishes third in the ship-race at the funeral games of Anchises, 5.139. See Note 5.134-318.
CHIMAERA: Monster breathing fire, “all lion in front, all snake behind, all goat between” (Iliad 6.214), that stands watch in the Underworld, 6.328, and forms an ornament on Turnus’ helmet, 7.911.
CHLOREUS (kloh‘-ryoos): Trojan, sacred to the goddess Cybebe (Cybele), once her priest, stalked by Camilla first, then killed by Turnus, 11.903.
CHROMIS (kroh‘-mis): Trojan killed at long range by Camilla with her spears, 11.796.
CIMINUS (si‘-mi-nus): lake in Etruria surrounded by hills, its contingent allied with Turnus, 7.812.
CIRCE (sir‘-see): goddess and enchantress of Aeaea, who changes men to animals and beasts, 3.458. See Note 7.327 and Odyssey 10.146-631.
CISSEUS (see‘-syoos): (1) king of Thrace, father of Hecuba, who is consequently named Cisseis, 5.591. (2) Latin fighter, son of Melampus, killed by Aeneas, 10.375.
CITHAERON (si-thee‘-ron): mountain in central Greece, renowned for its wild Dionysiac rites, 4.377.
CLARIAN (kla‘-ryan): of Clarus, a town near Colophon in Ionia, site of a temple and oracle sacred to Apollo, 3.427.
CLARUS (kla‘-rus): Lycian; he and Thaemon are two of Sarpedon’s brothers, and both are allies of Aeneas, 10.155.
CLAUDIAN (klaw‘-di-an): belonging to a Roman gens, or tribe, according to Virgil descended from Clausus, 7.825.
CLAUSUS (klaw‘-sus): Sabine warrior allied to Turnus, 7.822.
CLOANTHUS (kloh-ayn‘-thus): Trojan, comrade of Aeneas, lost in the storm off Carthage but restored to pilot the Scylla and win the ship-race at the funeral games for Anchises, 1.263. See Note 5.134-318.
CLOELIA (klee‘-li-a): Roman girl who, eluding her captor, Porsenna, broke free of her chains and swam across the Tiber, 8.763. See Introduction, p. 34.
CLONIUS (klo‘-ni-us): (1) Trojan killed by Turnus, 9.654. (2) A second Trojan, killed by Messapus, 10.884.
CLONUS (klo‘-nus): son of Eurytus, goldsmith who engraved the sword-belt stripped by Turnus from the body of Pallas (3), 10.591.
CLUENTIUS (klu-een‘-ti-us): name of Roman family descended from Cloanthus, 5.144.
CLUSIUM (kloo‘-si-um): modern Chiusi, prominent Etrurian city near Lake Trasi- mene, and source of a contingent allied with Aeneas, 10.204.
CLYTIUS (kli‘-ti-us): (1) Trojan, son of Aeolus (2), killed by Turnus, 9.872. (2) Father of Acmon and Menestheus, allies of Aeneas who hail from Lyrnesus, 10.158. (3) Rutulian ally of Turnus, lover of Cydon and a warrior protected from Aeneas by his brothers, 10.383. (4) Trojan, father of Eunaeus, killed by Camilla, 11.785.
CNOSSUS (kno‘-sus): principal city of Crete, lying on its north coast, 3.139.
COCLES (koh‘-kleez): Publius Horatius Cocles, who famously held the bridge over the Tiber against the attack of Lars Porsenna until it could be cut down, 8.763. See Introduction, p. 34.
COCYTUS (koh-see‘-tus): “named of lamentation loud / Heard on the rueful stream,” in Milton’s phrase; one of the major rivers in the Underworld, 6.156, “the Wailing River,” 6.339. See Note 3.262.
COEUS (see‘-us): Titan, father of Latona, brother of Enceladus and Rumor, born to Mother Earth, 4.226.
COLLATIA (koh-lay‘-ti-a): Sabine town in Latium, built by descendants of Silvius Aeneas, 6.894. See Introduction, p. 29.
CORA (koh‘-ra): town in Latium, on the northwest edge of the Volscian mountains, built by descendants of Silvius Aeneas, 6.895.
CORAS (koh‘-ras): Argive, brother of Tiburtus, twin brother of Catillus, he fights on Turnus’ side, 7.783.
CORINTH (ko-’rinth): city that gives its name to the gulf north of the Peloponnese, in the kingdom of Agamemnon, conquered by Lucius Mummius in 146 B.C., 6.962. See Introduction, p. 30.
COROEBUS (ko-ree‘-bus): Phrygian, fiancé of Cassandra, comrade of Aeneas, killed by the Greek Peneleus at the fall of Troy, 2.430.
CORYBANTES (ko-ri-ban‘-teez): priests of the Great Mother of Mount Cybelus, who worshipped her with ecstatic dances and clashing cymbals, 3.135.
CORYNAEUS (ko-ri-nee‘-us): (1) Trojan priest who gathered the bones from Misenus’ funeral pyre; killed by Asilas (1), a Rutulian, 6.266. (2) A second Trojan, who overpowers Ebysus, 12.359.
CORYTHUS (ko‘-ri-thus): (1) town in Etruria, a potential ally of Aeneas, 3.209. (2) Founder of the Etrurian town, 9.12.
COSAE (koh‘-see): legendary Etrurian coastal city, northwest of Graviscae, its contingent allied to Aeneas, 10.204.
COSSUS (koh‘-sus): Aulus Cornelius Cossus, Roman general, 6.968. See Introduction, p. 31.
CRETE (kreet): 3.126
, the large island south of the Peloponnese in the Aegean, the kingdom of Idomeneus; CRETANS (kree‘-tanz), its inhabitants, 3.128; CRETAN (kree’-tan), 3.146, their effects.
CRETHEUS (kree‘-thyoos): (1) Trojan singer and soldier killed by Turnus, 9.873. (2) Greek soldier in the Trojan ranks, killed by Turnus, 12.629.
CREUSA (kre-oo‘-sa): daughter of Priam by Hecuba, wife of Aeneas, mother of Ascanius, lost in the fall of Troy, 2.697.
CRINISUS (kri-nee‘-sus): river in Sicily and its god; father of Acestes, king of Sicily, 5.47.
CRUSTUMERIUM (kroos-too-mer‘-i-um): town of the Sabines, north of Rome, provider of armaments for the Latin forces, 7.734.
CUMAE (koo‘-mee): Campanian town, founded by Greeks who migrated from Chalcis on the island of Euboea; northwest of Naples, a legendary entrance to the Underworld, its cavern a favorite haunt of the Sibyl, who is Aeneas’ guide, 3.518; CUMAEAN (koo-mee’-an), belonging to it and its inhabitants, 6.117.
CUNARUS (ku‘-na-rus): strongest of the Ligurian chiefs, an ally of Aeneas, his emblem a swan, in honor of his alleged father, Cycnus, 10.224.
CUPAVO (ku-pay‘-vo): son of Cycnus, Ligurian chief in league with Aeneas, captain of the Centaur on her missions, 10.225.
CUPENCUS (ku-peen‘-kus): Rutulian, warrior-priest killed by Aeneas, 12.631.
CUPID (kyoo‘-pid): personification of love, son of Venus, 1.783.
CURES (koo‘-reez): Sabine town, where Numa lived before becoming Rome’s second king, 6.935.
CURETES (koo-ree‘-teez): legendary people of Crete, priests of Jupiter in later time, 3.159.
CYBEBE (si-bee‘-bee): (Cybele) goddess of the Phrygians, and the Great Mother of the Romans, 10.267. For the origin, customs, and extent of her cult, see 3.134-7, and William, 1962, note 3.111f.
CYBELUS (si-bee‘-lus): Phrygian mountain sacred to Cybebe (Cybele), 3.134.
CYCLADES (si‘-cla-deez): ring of islands surrounding Delos in the Aegean Sea, 3.153.
CYCLOPS (seye‘-klops): 3.664, a cannibal clan of one-eyed giants who dwelled in Sicily, in the neighborhood of Mt. Etna; also a name for Polyphemus in particular, blinded by Ulysses and his crewmen (see Odyssey 9.118-630). They labor in the forge of Vulcan as well, in a great cavern called Vulcania off the coast of Sicily, where they forge Aeneas’ shield. For the Cyclops at their labors, see 8.500-35. For the Cyclops’ names, see 8.501 and Note 5.920. For the shield they forge, see 8.737-858 and Introduction, pp. 33-36. See LIPARE and VULCANIA.
CYCNUS (keek‘-nus): Ligurian, father of Cupavo, transformed into a swan while mourning for his lover, Phaëthon, who mourned in turn for his dead sisters, who had been transformed into poplars, 10.229. See CUNARUS.
CYDON (see‘-don): Latin soldier in Turnus’ ranks, 10.383.
CYLLENE (see-lee‘-nee): mountain in Northern Arcadia, the site of Mercury’s birth and sacred to the god, 8.159.
CYMODOCEA (see-mo-do-see‘-a): sea-nymph in Neptune’s retinue, and known for her powers of speech, 10.272. See Note 5.920.
CYMOTHOË (see-mo‘-tho-ee): sea-nymph who with Triton hauls the shipwrecked Trojan vessels off the rocks, 1.169.
CYNTHUS (sin‘-thus): mountain on Delos, place of Apollo and Diana’s birth, and a favorite haunt of both immortals, 1.601.
CYPRUS (seye‘-prus): the large island in the eastern Mediterranean and sacrosanct to Venus, who regards it as her home, 1.742.
CYTHERA (si-the‘-ra): 1.307, island off the southeastern coast of the Peloponnese and sacred to Venus, CYTHEREA (si-the-ree’-a) or the Cytherean, who often bears its name; see 5.890.
DAEDALUS (dee‘-da-lus): “the fabulous artificer,” in Joyce’s phrase, in the service of Minos, king of Crete, for whom he built the famous labyrinth, 6.16.
DAHAE (da‘-hee): wandering Scythian tribe that ranges east of the Caspian Sea; among the conquered people who march at Augustus’ triumph after the battle of Actium, 8.852.
DANAË (da‘-na-ee): daughter of Acrisius, king of Argos; mother, by Zeus, of Perseus, she established Ardea, 7.478. Servius tells the story of how her father shut her in a chest that he threw into the sea; it washed to shore off the coast of Italy, southwest of Rome.
DARDANIA (dar-day‘-ni-a): the kingdom of Dardanus, originally founded as a colony on the foothills of Mount Ida (1), and the predecessor of Troy, 8.135.
DARDANUS (dar‘-da-nus): son of Jupiter and Atlas’ daughter, Electra, forebear of Priam and the kings of Troy, ancestor of Aeneas; reputed to have been born in Italy, 2.977. (For possible associations of Dardanus with Etruria, see Horsfall on 7.206-11, 207, and 219-20.) Dardanus’ birth in Italy makes the arrival there of Aeneas, his descendant, a kind of nostos, or return; see 3.114-23, 3.200-6. The Trojans are occasionally referred to as DARDANS (dar’-danz), 2.305, and their effects as DARDAN (dar‘-dan), 1.719. See Introduction, pp. 12, 17, and Iliad 20.251-82.
DARES (day‘-reez): veteran Trojan boxer defeated by Entellus at the funeral games for Anchises and later killed by Turnus, 5.411.
DAUCUS (daw‘-kus): Rutulian, father of the identical twins, Thymber and Larides, both killed by Pallas (3), 10.462.
DAUNUS (daw‘-nus): according to myth, a king of Daunia, a sector of Apulia, and the father of Turnus, 10.727.
DAWN: goddess of the morning, Hyperion’s daugther, wife of Tithonus, and mother by Tithonus of Memnon, 1.591.
DEATH: God of the Underworld, twin brother of Sleep, 6.126.
DECII (de‘-ki-ee): father and son with the same name, Publius Decius Mus, heroes of the Roman Republic, 6.949. See Introduction, p. 30.
DEIOPEA (dee-i-o-pee‘-a): sea-nymph offered by Juno to Aeolus (1) as an inducement to destroy Aeneas’ fleet with a tempest off the coast of Carthage, 1.85.
DEIPHOBE (dee-i‘-fo-bee): the Sibyl of Cumae, daughter of Glaucus (2), and Aeneas’ guide to the Underworld, 6.43.
DEIPHOBUS (dee-i‘-fo-bus): son of Priam, commander-in-chief of the Trojans after Hector’s death; consort of Helen after Paris dies; Aeneas sees his comrade’s ghost in the Underworld, his body mangled by Menelaus during Troy’s final night, 2.390.
DELOS (dee‘-los): Aegean island, “chief isle of the embowered Cyclades,” according to Keats, the birthplace of Diana and Apollo and sacred to both gods, 3.88. It drifted until the moment when Latona gave birth to her twin progeny. See GYAROS, MYCONOS, and ORTYGIA (1).
DEMODOCUS (dee-mo‘-do-kus): comrade of Aeneas, killed by Halaesus, 10.489.
DEMOLEOS (dee-mo‘-le-os): Greek, whose armor, stripped from his dead body by Aeneas, forms second prize in the ship-race at Anchises’ funeral games, 5.291. See Note 5.134-318.
DEMOPHOÖN (dee-mo‘-fo-on): Trojan killed by Camilla at close range, 11.796.
DERCENNUS (der-see‘-nus): ancient Laurentine king, whose tomb forms a lookout point for Opis, messenger of Diana, 11.997.
DIANA (deye-an‘-a): (Artemis), daughter of Latona and Jupiter, twin sister of Apollo, goddess of childbirth, the hunt, and the moon, 1.600. In her tri-form aspect, she is the goddess of the moon in the sky, of wild nature on earth, and, under the name of Hecate, of the Underworld: “Trivia” (7.601), also referred to, in the translation, as “triple Hecate, Diana the three-faced virgin” (4.640), “Diana Trivia” (7.903), or “Diana, Goddess of the Crossroads” (11.671), where she is worshipped for her mystic, magic powers. See HECATE and TRIVIA, and Note 7.884-908.
DICTE (dik‘-tee): mountain in eastern Crete, synonymous with that island; the birthplace of Jupiter and the site of a cavern where he was concealed from his father, Saturn, who would have devoured the infant god, 3.210.
DIDO (deye‘-doh): Phoenician exile, queen and founder of Carthage, wife of Sychaeus first, then consort of Aeneas, who commits suicide upon his departure for Italy, 1.358.
DIDYMAON (di-di-may‘-on): artisan who practised his craft as a metal-smith, 5.400.
DINDYMA (din‘-di-ma): mountain in Phrygia, consecrated to the Great Mother, Cybebe (Cybele), and site of her female followers’ rites, 9.702.
DIOMEDES (deye-o-mee‘-
deez): Greek, son of Tydeus, king of Argos, founder of Argyripa, later called Arpi, in Apulia (see RHESUS for Diomedes’ capture of Rhesus’ Thracian horses), 1.116. For Diomedes’ capture, with Ulysses, of the horses, see Iliad 10.528-670. For Diomedes’ outraging of Pallas Athena during the Trojan War, see PALLADIUM and Note 2.211; for his wounding of Venus in combat and his subsequent punishment, see Notes 11.315-36, 11.335-36.
DIONE (di-oh‘-nee): goddess, mother of Venus, 3.24.
DIORES (di-oh‘-reez): Trojan, competitor who places third in the foot-race at Anchises’ funeral games; brother of Amycus (5), and beheaded by Turnus, 5.330. See Note 5.325-402.
DIOXIPPUS (di-ohks-ip‘-us): Trojan killed by Turnus, 9.654.
The Aeneid Page 52