“convinced that [Al Hubbard] was the man”: Ibid.
Osmond abandoned the psychotomimetic model: Lee and Shlain, Acid Dreams, 54.
Hubbard was the first researcher to grasp: Dyck, Psychedelic Psychiatry, 93.
“He said, ‘Now hate them’”: R.C., “B.C.’s Acid Flashback.”
“We waited for him like the little old lady”: Lee and Shlain, Acid Dreams, 51.
impressive rates of success: Stevens, Storming Heaven, 175.
“The CIA work stinks”: Lee and Shlain, Acid Dreams, 52.
“I tried to tell them how to use it”: Ibid.
“What came through the closed door”: Stevens, Storming Heaven, 56.
“What Babes in the Woods”: Ibid., 54.
“who, having once come to the realization”: Ibid., 57.
Commission for the Study of Creative Imagination: Eisner, “Remembrances of LSD Therapy Past,” 10.
“Explorers have not always been the most scientific”: Ibid., 57.
“My regard for science”: Dyck, Psychedelic Psychiatry, 97–98.
Steve Jobs often told people: Markoff, What the Dormouse Said, xix.
“He’d be a broader guy”: Isaacson, Steve Jobs, 172–73.
“That was a remarkable opening”: Goldsmith, “Conversation with George Greer and Myron Stolaroff.”
“After that first LSD experience”: Fahey, “Original Captain Trips.”
“The greatest thing in the world”: Markoff, What the Dormouse Said, 58.
Seventy-eight percent of clients: Stevens, Storming Heaven, 178.
“We were amazed”: Fadiman, Psychedelic Explorer’s Guide, 185.
“Our investigations of some of the current social movements”: Lee and Shlain, Acid Dreams, 198.
“to provide the [LSD] experience”: Fahey, “Original Captain Trips.”
“Al never did anything resembling security work”: Ibid.
his first shattering experience: Leary, Flashbacks, 29–33.
“In four hours by the swimming pool”: Ibid., 33.
Listen! Wake up! You are God!: Leary, High Priest, 285.
Experimental Expansion of Consciousness: This course description is in the New York Public Library’s collection of Leary’s papers. http://archives.nypl.org/mss/18400#detailed.
“We were on our own”: Stevens, Storming Heaven, 135.
Leary reported eye-popping results: Lee and Shlain, Acid Dreams, 75.
Rick Doblin at MAPS meticulously reconstructed: Doblin, “Dr. Leary’s Concord Prison Experiment.”
“it was the sort of research”: Cohen, Beyond Within, 224.
“If we learned one thing”: Lattin, Harvard Psychedelic Club, 74.
“We were thinking far-out history thoughts”: Leary et al., Neuropolitics, 3.
“We’re going to teach people”: Lee and Shlain, Acid Dreams, 77.
“Psychedelic drugs opened to mass tourism”: Grinspoon and Bakalar, Psychedelic Drugs Reconsidered, 86.
A 1961 memo from David McClelland: “Some Social Reactions to the Psilocybin Research Project,” Oct. 8, 1961.
“analyz[e] your data objectively”: Memo from McClelland to Metzner, Dec. 19, 1962.
“I wish I could treat this”: Lattin, Harvard Psychedelic Club, 89.
The next day’s Crimson: Robert Ellis Smith, “Psychologists Disagree on Psilocybin Research.”
“Hallucination Drug Fought at Harvard”: Lattin, Harvard Psychedelic Club, 91.
“Psychedelic drugs cause panic”: Grinspoon and Bakalar, Psychedelic Drugs Reconsidered, 66.
“these materials are too powerful”: Leary and Alpert, “Letter from Alpert, Leary.”
“For the first time in American history”: Ibid.
“We’re through playing the science game”: Stevens, Storming Heaven, 189.
“had talked such nonsense”: Ibid., 190.
“powerful chemicals [as] harmless toys”: Eisner, “Remembrances of LSD Therapy Past,” 145.
Osmond tried once again to coin a new one: Dyck, Psychedelic Psychiatry, 132.
“You must face these objections”: Ibid., 108.
“wreak havoc on all of us”: Stevens, Storming Heaven, 191.
Leary was happy to state it: Leary, High Priest, 132.
“He blew in with that uniform”: Fahey, “Original Captain Trips.”
“I liked Tim when we first met”: Lee and Shlain, Acid Dreams, 88.
“Al got greatly preoccupied”: Fahey, “Original Captain Trips.”
“I suppose there is little hope”: Stevens, Storming Heaven, 191.
“using hallucinogens for seductions”: Weil, “Strange Case of the Harvard Drug Scandal.”
“Yes, sir, I did”: Lattin, Harvard Psychedelic Club, 94.
Alpert and Leary appear to be: Lee and Shlain, Acid Dreams.
“an undergraduate group”: Weil, “Strange Case of the Harvard Drug Scandal.”
“given to him” by Marshall McLuhan: Strauss, Everyone Loves You When You’re Dead, location 352.
“The kids who take LSD”: This quotation appears in a video made by Retro Report, available here: https://www.retroreport.org/video/the-long-strange-trip-of-lsd/.
With Ken Kesey, the CIA had turned on: Lee and Shlain, Acid Dreams, 124.
“by blurring the boundaries”: Grob, “Psychiatric Research with Hallucinogens.”
“the drugs to themselves”: Grinker, “Lysergic Acid Diethylamide.”
“rendering their conclusions biased”: Grinker, “Bootlegged Ecstasy.”
“aura of magic”: Cole and Katz, “Psychotomimetic Drugs,” 758.
“the transcendental into psychiatry”: Eisner, “Remembrances of LSD Therapy Past,” 112.
But when the study was later discredited: Presti and Beck, “Strychnine and Other Enduring Myths,” 130–31.
For his first study: Cohen, “Lysergic Acid Diethylamide.”
“the dangers of suicide”: Cohen and Ditman, “Complications Associated with Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD-25),” 162.
In another paper published: Cohen and Ditman, “Prolonged Adverse Reactions to Lysergic Acid Diethylamide.”
A fourth article: Cohen, “Classification of LSD Complications.”
feverish cover story: Moore and Schiller, “Exploding Threat of the Mind Drug That Got out of Control.”
“LSD has been your Frankenstein”: Novak, “LSD Before Leary,” 109.
“Why if [these projects] were worthwhile”: Lee and Shlain, Acid Dreams, 93.
“four men lay, their minds literally expanding”: Fadiman, Psychedelic Explorer’s Guide, 186.
Someone made a videotape of the event: And it’s available on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rjylxvQqm0U.
he’s traveled from Casa Grande: Fahey, “Original Captain Trips.”
CHAPTER FOUR TRAVELOGUE: JOURNEYING UNDERGROUND
there are three things human beings are afraid of: Quoted in Epstein, Thoughts Without a Thinker, 119.
three thousand patients and trained 150 guides: Stolaroff, Secret Chief Revealed, 28, 59.
“laid the Torah across my chest”: Ibid., 36.
“Many times I’d be in much agony”: Ibid., 61.
“Just leave ’em alone!”: Ibid., 50.
surveying their musical practices: Barrett et al., “Qualitative and Quantitative Features of Music Reported to Support Peak Mystical Experiences During Psychedelic Therapy Sessions.”
“forms of consciousness entirely different”: James, Varieties of Religious Experience, 377.
“For the moment that interfering neurotic”: Huxley, Doors of Perception, 53.
“the totality of the awareness belonging to Mind at Large”: Ibid., 24.
“of being overwhelmed, of disintegra
ting”: Ibid., 55.
“If one always saw like this”: Ibid., 34–35.
“Standing on the bare ground”: Emerson, Nature, 13.
“Swiftly arose and spread around me”: Whitman, Leaves of Grass, 29.
“All at once, as it were out of the intensity”: Tennysons, “Luminous Sleep.”
“I saw that the universe”: Quoted in James, Varieties of Religious Experience, 391.
CHAPTER FIVE NEUROSCIENCE: YOUR BRAIN ON PSYCHEDELICS
One candidate for that chemical: For more detail, see David Nichols’s talk “DMT and the Pineal Gland: Facts vs. Fantasy,” available at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YeeqHUiC8Io.
psychedelics like LSD and psilocybin work: Vollenweider et al., “Psilocybin Induces Schizophrenia-Like Psychosis in Humans via a Serotonin-2 Agonist Action.”
“there is nothing of which we are more certain”: Freud, Civilization and Its Discontents, 12.
The classic thought experiment: Nagel, “What Is It Like to Be a Bat?”
consciousness may pervade the universe: Frank, “Minding Matter.”
a landmark paper: Raichle et al., “Default Mode of Brain Function.”
“Chaos is averted”: Raichle, “Brain’s Dark Energy.”
It also lights up when we receive “likes”: Brewer, Craving Mind, 46.
In an often-cited paper: Killingsworth and Gilbert, “Wandering Mind Is an Unhappy Mind.”
Shortly after Carhart-Harris published: Carhart-Harris et al., “Neural Correlates of the Psychedelic State as Determined by fMRI Studies with Psilocybin.”
The bee perceives a substantially different spectrum: Srinivasan, “Honey Bees as a Model for Vision, Perception, and Cognition”; Dyer et al., “Seeing in Colour.”
the sense that allows bees to register: Sutton et al., “Mechanosensory Hairs in Bumblebees (Bombus terrestris) Detect Weak Electric Fields.”
a dimension of music that conveys emotion: Kaelen, “Psychological and Human Brain Effects of Music in Combination with Psychedelic Drugs.”
“serves to promote realism”: Carhart-Harris et al., “Entropic Brain.”
“Distinct networks became less distinct”: Carhart-Harris, Kaelen, and Nutt, “How Do Hallucinogens Work on the Brain?”
the usual lines of communications: Petri et al., “Homological Scaffolds of Brain Functional Networks.”
her superb book: Gopnik, Philosophical Baby.
“Adults have congealed in their beliefs”: Lucas et al., “When Children Are Better (or at Least More Open-Minded) Learners Than Adults.”
CHAPTER SIX THE TRIP TREATMENT: PSYCHEDELICS IN PSYCHOTHERAPY
“For me that is not a medical concept”: Kupferschmidt, “High Hopes,” 23.
“If we are to develop optimal research designs”: Grob, “Psychiatric Research with Hallucinogens.”
only about half of the people who take their lives: Beacon Health Options, “We Need to Talk About Suicide,” 10.
“psychiatry has gone from being brainless”: Solomon, Noonday Demon, 102.
“alter[] the experience of dying”: Cohen, “LSD and the Anguish of Dying.”
“of cosmic unity”: Richards et al., “LSD-Assisted Psychotherapy and the Human Encounter with Death.”
“I am the luckiest man on earth”: Grob, Bossis, and Griffiths, “Use of the Classic Hallucinogen Psilocybin for Treatment of Existential Distress Associated with Cancer,” 303.
In December 2016, a front-page story: Hoffman, “Dose of a Hallucinogen from a ‘Magic Mushroom,’ and Then Lasting Peace.”
In a follow-up study to the NYU trial: Belser et al., “Patient Experiences of Psilocybin-Assisted Psychotherapy: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis.”
“is to make your interests gradually wider”: Bertrand Russell, “How to Grow Old.”
“And suddenly I realized that the molecules”: Hertzberg, “Moon Shots (3 of 3).”
80 percent of the volunteers were confirmed as abstinent: Johnson et al., “Pilot Study of the 5-HT2AR Agonist Psilocybin in the Treatment of Tobacco Addiction.”
This suggests that the ability: Personal communication with the neuroscientist Draulio Araujo.
The record was a complete muddle: Krebs and Johansen, “Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD) for Alcoholism.”
“Given the evidence for a beneficial effect”: Ibid.
a 2015 pilot study: Bogenschutz et al., “Psilocybin-Assisted Treatment for Alcohol Dependence.”
volunteers spent a minute looking: Piff et al., “Awe, the Small Self, and Prosocial Behavior.”
the after-awe self-portraits: Bai et al., “Awe, the Diminished Self, and Collective Engagement.”
researchers gave psilocybin to six men: Carhart-Harris et al., “Psilocybin with Psychological Support for Treatment-Resistant Depression.”
Watts’s interviews uncovered two “master” themes: Watts et al., “Patients’ Accounts of Increased ‘Connectedness’ and ‘Acceptance’ After Psilocybin for Treatment-Resistant Depression.”
“It was like a holiday”: Ibid.
“The sheen and shine that life and existence”: For Rouiller’s full account, see http://inandthrough.blogspot.com/2016/08/psilocybin-trial-diary-one-year-on.html.
obsessive-compulsive disorder: Moreno et al., “Safety, Tolerability, and Efficacy of Psilocybin in 9 Patients with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder.”
“Depression is a response to past loss”: Solomon, Noonday Demon, 65.
“What started as a pleasure becomes a need”: Kessler, Capture, 8–9.
psychedelics enhance neuroplasticity: Vollenweider and Kometer, “Neurobiology of Psychedelic Drugs.”
In a college commencement address: Reproduced, in part, at Brain Pickings: https://www.brainpickings.org/2012/09/12/this-is-water-david-foster-wallace/.
“how we relate to our thoughts and feelings”: Brewer, Craving Mind, 115.
EPILOGUE IN PRAISE OF NEURAL DIVERSITY
“We are not the counterculture”: Schwartz, “Molly at the Marriott.”
mentioned the plenary panel: A video of the talk is at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_oZ_v3QFQDE.
a videotaped interview with Ram Dass: Available at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NhlTrDIOcrQ&feature=share.
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