25 Gailey, MacArthur’s Victory, pp. 204–5.
26 James, The Years of MacArthur, vol. 2, p. 456.
Chapter 18: Bloody Biak
1 MacArthur, p. 291; Smith, The Approach to the Philippines, pp. 280–81; Steinberg, p. 146.
2 Morison, New Guinea and the Marianas, p. 104.
3 Taaffe, p. 147.
4 Bernstein, pp. 51–53.
5 Morison, New Guinea and the Marianas, p. 108.
6 Alexander, Storm Landings, p. 110.
7 Ugaki, p. 376.
8 Dull, pp. 302–4.
9 Prefer, pp. 108–9.
10 Morison, New Guinea and the Marianas, p. 106.
11 Smith, The Approach to the Philippines, p. 284.
12 Gill, pp. 415–16.
13 Prefer, p. 108.
14 Kenney, General Kenney Reports, p. 399; Taaffe, p. 144.
15 Drea, ULTRA, p. 137.
16 General Staff, Reports of General MacArthur, vol. 2, p. 285.
17 Bernstein, p. 91.
18 Smith, The Approach to the Philippines, pp. 291–92.
19 General Staff, Reports of General MacArthur, vol. 2, p. 285.
20 Smith, The Approach to the Philippines, p. 306.
21 Salecker, Rolling Thunder Against the Rising Sun, pp. 146–48.
22 General Staff, Reports of General MacArthur, vol. 2, pp. 286–87.
23 Ibid.
24 Holzimmer, p. 158.
25 Charlotte Sun, Port Charlotte, FL, August 23, 2010; http://engineersvietnam.com/engineers/WWII/owi.htm.
26 Holzimmer, pp. 158–59.
27 Smith, The Approach to the Philippines, pp. 321–24.
28 James, The Years of MacArthur, vol. 2, pp. 459–60.
29 Eichelberger, p. 144.
30 Riegelman, pp. 138–39.
31 James, The Years of MacArthur, vol. 2, p. 460; Taaffe, p. 168.
32 Eichelberger, p. 146.
33 Ibid., pp. 151–52.
34 Smith, The Approach to the Philippines, pp. 392–93.
Chapter 19: The General, the President, and the Admiral
1 Whitney, p. 120.
2 Perret, pp. 400–1.
3 James, The Years of MacArthur, vol. 2, pp. 523–24.
4 Whitney, p. 123.
5 Perry, p. 268.
6 Potter, pp. 280–81.
7 Perry, p. 269.
8 Borneman, p. 382.
9 Potter, p. 315; Hunt, p. 332.
10 Black, p. 975.
11 Manchester, p. 364.
12 Perret, p. 402.
13 Tugwell, p. 655.
14 Potter, p. 317.
15 Ibid.
16 James, The Years of MacArthur, vol. 2, p. 530; MacArthur, p. 197.
17 Manchester, p. 368.
18 Black, p. 978.
19 Pogue, p. 452.
20 James, The Years of MacArthur, vol. 2, pp. 534–35.
21 Black, p. 981; James, The Years of MacArthur, vol. 2, p. 535.
22 Potter, p. 321.
Chapter 20: Breakout from Wewak
1 Time, July 24, 1944.
2 E-mail from Lance Zedric, Alamo Scouts Association historian, July 29, 2014.
3 Drea, ULTRA, p. 144.
4 General Staff, Reports of General MacArthur, vol. 2, p. 299.
5 Drea, Defending the Driniumor, pp. 25–26.
6 James, The Years of MacArthur, vol. 2, p. 483.
7 Willoughby, p. 190; Drea, ULTRA, pp. 144–45.
8 Willoughby, p. 190.
9 Smith, The Approach to the Philippines, p. 147.
10 Drea, ULTRA, p. 144.
11 Holzimmer, p. 169.
12 Robert J. Conrad, “Back in Battle,” Courant, Hartford, CT, July 10, 1994.
13 Gailey, MacArthur’s Victory, pp. 236–37.
14 General Staff, Reports of General MacArthur, vol. 2, p. 300; Gailey, MacArthur’s Victory, p. 237.
15 Ibid., pp. 301–3.
16 Smith, The Approach to the Philippines, p. 205.
17 MacArthur, p. 194.
Chapter 21: Island-Hopping to Victory
1 James, The Years of MacArthur, vol. 2, p. 480.
2 MacArthur, p. 194.
3 Smith, The Approach to the Philippines, p. 421.
4 Gailey, MacArthur’s Victory, p. 244; Smith, The Approach to the Philippines, p. 420.
5 Prefer, p. 186.
6 Holzimmer, p. 161.
7 Drea, ULTRA, p. 40.
8 Ibid.
9 Kenney, General Kenney Reports, p. 407.
10 Alexander, Shadows in the Jungle, pp. 98–99.
11 General Staff, Reports of General MacArthur, vol. 2, p. 297.
12 Taaffe, p. 179.
13 Salecker, Blossoming Silk Against the Rising Sun, p. 159;
14 Holzimmer, p. 161.
15 Kenney, General Kenney Reports, p. 407.
16 Taaffe, p. 180; Gill, p. 443.
17 Morison, New Guinea and the Marianas, p. 138.
18 Smith, The Approach to the Philippines, pp. 409–10.
19 Heefner, p. 106.
20 Salecker, Blossoming Silk Against the Rising Sun, pp. 160–61.
21 Prefer, pp. 190–91.
22 Devlin, pp. 426–27.
23 Salecker, Blossoming Silk Against the Rising Sun, p. 164.
24 Devlin, p. 429.
25 Heefner, p. 108.
26 Taaffe, p. 185.
27 Smith, The Approach to the Philippines, p. 421.
28 Ibid., p. 423.
29 Heefner, p. 112.
30 Morrison, New Guinea, p. 141.
31 Gailey, MacArthur’s Victory, p. 256.
32 Smith, The Approach to the Philippines, p. 445.
33 Mercado, p. 93; Rottman, World War II Pacific Island Guide, p. 253.
34 James, The Years of MacArthur, vol. 2, p. 486.
35 Morison, Leyte, pp. 21–23.
36 Taaffe, p. 219.
37 Smith, The Approach to the Philippines, p. 487.
38 Morison, Leyte, p. 24.
39 Barbey, p. 227.
40 James, The Years of MacArthur, vol. 2, p. 489.
Epilogue
1 James, The Years of MacArthur, vol. 2, p. 481.
2 General Staff, Reports of General MacArthur, vol. 1, p. 161.
3 Long, pp. 55–72.
4 General Staff, Reports of General MacArthur, vol. 2.
5 Perret, p. 418.
6 Costello, pp. 502–3.
7 Perry, pp. 288–89.
INDEX
The page numbers in this index refer to the printed version of this book. The link provided will take you to the beginning of that print page. You may need to scroll forward from that location to find the corresponding reference on your e-reader.
Abe, Katsuo, 92
Abel, Cecil, 171–72
“Absolute zone of national defense,” 245
Adachi, Hatazo, 181, 188, 189, 196, 199, 200, 204–5, 227, 241, 242, 246, 249–50, 257–58, 260, 295–99, 305–9, 353–60, 382
Adelaide, Australia, 66
Admiralty Islands, 53, 266, 267, 277, 281–96, 331, 333, 365, 381
Affirm Fox (AF), 113, 114
Afua, New Guinea, 354, 359
Aircraft
A-20 Bostons, 200, 202
Avenger torpedo-bombers, 265
B-17 Flying Fortresses, 45, 51, 53, 62–63, 98, 101, 115, 124, 126, 159–61, 169, 177, 192, 197, 199–205, 216, 224, 226, 237, 239, 290, 368
B-24 Liberators “Jolly Rogers,” 61, 192, 199–201, 226, 237, 257, 262, 264, 276, 287, 299–300, 310, 317, 328, 329, 331, 366, 373
B-25 Mitchell bombers, 88–89, 173, 197–98, 202, 203, 225, 226
, 232, 237, 240, 257, 259, 262, 264, 272, 276, 282, 290, 305, 310, 328, 339, 364, 366, 371
B-26 Marauder bombers, 50, 91, 115, 126
Beaufort torpedo bombers, 201, 202
Bristol Beaufighters, 197, 202–3, 262
Douglas A-20 Havoc light bomber/intruders, 173, 197, 200, 203, 237, 332, 366
Douglas Dauntless dive-bombers, 49, 50, 101, 102, 265
Douglas Devastator torpedo bombers, 49, 101
Grumman F4F Wildcat fighters, 40–42, 49, 101, 105, 107
Hellcat fighters, 265
Hudson medium bombers, 5, 16, 18, 23, 25, 27, 44–46, 61, 124, 157, 159
Lockheed Electra, 15
Martin B-10 bombers, 35
Mitsubishi G4M1 Type 1, Model 11 bombers (Bettys), 41, 104, 213, 214, 234, 240
Mitsubishi Zero long-range fighters, 22, 23, 45, 51, 92, 98, 102, 107, 143, 175, 201–3, 213, 214, 232, 234, 240, 264, 310
NA-16 trainer, 15
P-39 fighters, 126, 159, 267
P-40 fighters (Warhawk/Kittyhawk), 61, 155, 157, 160, 162, 163, 165, 192, 220, 304, 372
P-38 Lightning fighters, 197, 200–2, 204, 205, 214, 226, 232, 240, 262–65, 299–300, 310, 339, 364, 373
P-47 Thunderbolts, 220, 240, 323
Spitfire fighters, 220
Type 97 Kate torpedo bombers, 92, 98
Type 99 Val dive-bombers, 24, 92, 98, 213, 240
Wirraways, 5, 15, 17–19, 22–25
Aitape, 260, 296, 298, 299, 302–4, 306–9, 313, 354–58, 376, 377
Akagi (aircraft carrier), 24, 26, 115
Aleutian Islands, 116
Alice Springs, Australia, 64
Allen, Arthur S., 147, 149
Amphibious operations, 29–31, 33, 34, 72, 186–88, 206–7, 219–22, 228, 229, 231–35, 247–49, 257, 271–72, 274, 276–78, 277–78, 285, 287, 291, 293, 298, 303, 311, 313–15, 325, 330–32, 334–35, 366, 367, 373, 374, 377, 379
Amsterdam Island, 374
Anami, Korechika, 297, 305, 355
Anderson, Samuel E., 143
Anglo-American Combined Chiefs of Staff, 72, 208, 274
APDs (transport destroyers), 285–87, 333
Arara, New Guinea, 314, 317–21
Arawe, New Britain, 270–73, 275–77
Arnold, Henry “Hap,” 73, 144, 168–69, 209, 264, 275
Asashio (destroyer), 204
Atkins, Barry, 222
Atomic bomb, 384
Atrocities, 10–11, 36–37, 38, 152, 203–4
Attu Island, 116, 245
Au Cheu (amah), 64
Ault, William, 49
Australia New Guinea Administrative Unit, 130
Australian Advisory War Council, 70
Australian forces
First Army, 382
I Corps, 241
1st Independent Company, 15
2/1st Independent Militia Company, 95, 191
2/5th Independent Militia Company, 95, 191
2/6th Armored Regiment, 181
2/6th Independent Company, 171
2/6th Infantry Battalion, 171, 221
2/22 Infantry Battalion (Lark Force), 13–15, 17, 18, 22, 23, 26, 34, 37, 46
2/48th Battalion, 255
II Corps, 382
3rd Division, 217, 221, 241
5th Infantry Division, 259, 357, 382
6th Infantry Division, 61, 66, 67, 80, 150, 382
7th Infantry Brigade, 155, 157
7th Infantry Division, 61, 67, 80, 146, 163, 174, 176, 228, 229, 231, 236, 238, 240, 248, 256
8th Infantry Division, 60
9th Infantry Battalion, 155
9th Infantry Division, 61, 177, 209, 228, 229, 231, 240, 242, 247, 248, 256, 260
14th Infantry Brigade, 154
16th Infantry Brigade, 150, 174
18th Infantry Brigade, 157, 161, 170, 181
20th Infantry Brigade, 234, 248, 250
21st Infantry Brigade, 176, 177, 230–31
22nd Infantry Battalion, 248, 250
24th Infantry Brigade, 242
24 Squadron, 15, 38
25th Infantry Battalion, 155, 164
25th Infantry Brigade, 150, 174, 242
26th Infantry Brigade, 234, 252
29th Infantry Brigade, 241
30 Squadron, 197, 202
32 Squadron, 44, 45
39th Infantry Battalion, 130, 131
55th Infantry Battalion, 154
61st Australian battalion (Queensland Cameron Highlanders), 163
61st Infantry Battalion, 155, 164
Civilian Military Forces, 83
Coastwatchers, 16, 95, 159, 171, 220, 333
Eastern Australian Submarine Group, 94
Home Defence Forces, 209
Independent Companies, 119–20
Kanga Force, 120, 190–91, 193, 217
Milne Force, 119, 155
New Guinea Volunteer Rifles (NGVR), 13, 31, 34, 37, 45–46, 119–20, 191, 242
Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF), 5, 15, 38, 44–46, 83, 95, 122, 155, 157, 159, 160, 192, 197, 200–2, 220
Royal Australian Navy, 5
Royal Australian Navy Volunteer Reserves, 16
Awala, New Guinea, 129, 131, 132
Azumasan Maru (transport), 96
Baba, Captain, 289, 290
Bali, 35
Balikpapan, Borneo, 35
Baltimore Sun, 72
Barbey, Daniel E., 187–88, 206–7, 219, 228–33, 235, 247–49, 257, 272, 276, 285–87, 297, 303, 304, 332, 365, 377, 380
Barr, Nicky, 155
Barrage rockets, 254–55
Basabua, New Guinea, 126, 140–42, 172
Bataan Peninsula, 36, 57, 58, 62, 66, 71, 73, 76, 79
Batchelor Field, Australia, 63
Berkey, Russell S., 377
Biak Island, 310, 318, 329–43, 362, 363, 367, 368, 372
Bidstrup, M. L., 134–35, 138
Bismarck Archipelago, 75, 266
Bismarck Sea, 43, 53, 190, 195, 246, 261, 267, 281, 284
Battle of, 196–205, 212, 218, 224
Black Cat Track, New Guinea, 45, 193
Blamey, Thomas, 81, 118–20, 130, 131, 164, 176, 177, 185, 190, 209, 211, 217, 228, 381, 382
Blanche Bay, 11, 13, 261
Bloch, Claude, 113
Boikin, New Guinea, 355
Bojadjim, New Guinea, 246
Bong-Wareo Trail, New Guinea, 256
Borneo, 35, 75, 373
Borokoe Airfield, Biak Island, 329, 331–34, 337, 338, 340, 341, 343
Bosnek, Biak Island, 329, 333–36, 338
Bostrom, Frank P., 63
Bougainville, Solomon Islands, 95, 214, 217, 263, 267, 382
Bren machine guns, 14, 23, 95
Brett, George, 81, 120, 124, 143–45, 169
Britten, John W., 237
Bronze Star, 343
Bronzewing (ketch), 162
Brown, Wilson, 40, 41, 47, 49
Buckmaster, Elliott, 108
Buin, Bougainville, 217
Bulolo, New Guinea, 26
Buna, New Guinea, 117, 118, 122–27, 129, 132, 143, 152, 154, 159, 161, 167–76, 179–82, 185, 186, 195, 207, 209, 215, 218, 231, 232, 240, 248, 256, 271, 340
Buna Airfield, 168
Buna Mission (Buna Government Station), 168, 181
Burch, William O., 96
Burma, 4, 67, 80, 321
Burns, Philp & Co., 39, 95
Busu River, 244
Byers, Clovis E., 178, 315
C-47 transports, 180, 220, 228, 236–40, 368–70
Cameron, Alan G., 46, 138–40
Canberra Times, 276
Cape Bushing, 273
Cape Dinga, 221–22
Cape Endaiadere, 172, 173
Cape Gloucester, 200, 217, 270, 272–74, 275–77
Cape Hollman, 199
Cape Hoskins, 272
Cape Nelson, 161
Cape Torokina, 263, 267
Cape Ward Hunt, 202
Cape York Peninsula, 91
Carney, Robert, 345–46
Caroline Islands, 9–10, 16, 20, 245, 312
Carpender, Arthur “Chips,” 169, 185, 186, 188, 229, 269
Carr, Howard, 26
Carruthers, Bob Ray, 63
Carter, Jesse H., 229, 233
Carteret, Philip, 281
Casey, Hugh, 310
Catalina flying boats, 5, 19, 20, 40, 61, 192, 201, 283
Celebes Island, 63
Central Pacific Area, 76
CH-22 (submarine chaser), 159
CH-24 (submarine chaser), 159
Chamberlin, Stephen J., 178, 188, 296
Chase, William, 286–91
Chiaramonte, Julio, 288
China, 3–5, 58, 134, 135, 321
Churchill, Winston, 50, 60, 69, 75
Curtin and, 37–38, 61, 62, 67
“Europe first” policy and, 65, 69, 71, 166
MacArthur on, 166
Operation Gymnast and, 82
Operation Sledgehammer and, 82
at Quadrant Conference, 266
at Second Cairo Conference, 274
Clowes, Cyril, 157, 162, 164, 165
Code breaking (see Intelligence and code breaking)
Cooke, Charles M., 352
Coral Sea, 47, 84–85, 90, 92, 94, 114–15, 117, 153, 215, 216
Battle of the, 53, 96–110, 112–15, 269
Corregidor, 57, 58, 60, 62–67, 111, 169
Crace, John G., 92, 94, 97, 103–4
Crater Peninsula, 198
Croix de Guerre, 56, 223
Crutchley, Victor, 141
Cunningham, Julian W., 270, 273, 274
Curtin, John, 37–38, 61–62, 64–65, 67, 70, 75, 81, 266, 383
Cyclops Mountains, 298, 301
Daisy-cutters, 17
Dale, William, 372
Dampier Strait, 246, 267, 270
Darwin, Australia, 60, 63, 86
DC-3 transports, 217–18
Dean, A. A., 139
Deboyne Islands, 90
Defeat into Victory (Slim), 166
Deniki, New Guinea, 133, 135–39
Denmark Maru (transport), 288
Derrick, Tom, 255
Dewey, George, 35, 64, 76, 216
Dexter, David, 210
Didmop, New Britain, 273
War at the End of the World Page 46