At the end of the next spring, the second son absconded with money from his adoptive parents and ran off with a tavern maid. In the autumn, the wife of the eldest gave premature birth to a baby boy.
After the death of his father, this son had moved into the main house to live with his mother. The annex was rented to the local schoolmaster, who having embraced the utilitarianism of Fukuzawa Yukichi, succeeded over the course of time in persuading the owner to plant fruit trees in the garden. Now when the spring came, there were among the familiar pine and willow trees the richly colored blossoms of peach, apricot, and plum. As he strolled with the eldest son through the new orchard, he would remark: “One could host splendid blossom-viewing parties here, thereby killing two birds with one stone.” The artificial hill, the pond, and the pavilions merely looked the more forlorn, as though, so to speak, man had lent a hand to nature in the ruin of the garden.
Moreover, in the autumn, a fire, such as had not been seen in many a year, broke out on the hill in the back. Suddenly and completely, the waterfall was no more. Then, with the first snowfall, the householder fell ill. The diagnosis of the physician was consumption or, as it is called today, tuberculosis. Whether lying in bed or up and about, he was more irascible than ever. At New Year’s, when his second brother came to offer his best wishes, he concluded a heated argument with him by throwing a hand-warmer in his direction. The intended target took his leave and never saw the other again, not even on his deathbed over a year later. Lying under the mosquito net in the nocturnal care of his wife, the elder brother had said just before breathing his last: “The frogs are quacking. What’s become of Seigetsu?” But the poet had long ago ceased coming round to beg, perhaps having wearied of what there was to see.
The third son waited until the year of mourning was over and then married the grain merchant’s youngest daughter. Taking advantage of the schoolmaster’s transfer to another post, the new couple moved into the annex. Into their abode came black-lacquer wardrobes and red-and-white cotton decorations.
But now the widow of the first son fell ill, diagnosed with the same disease as that of her late husband. She had spat out blood, so that now their one and only child, Ren’ichi, having already been separated from his father, was taken away from her and made to sleep with his grandmother. Every night she wrapped a kerchief round her head, but the smell of her head sores nonetheless attracted the rats, and when on occasion she forgot the kerchief, she was bitten.
At the end of that year, the wife of the first son died as quietly as the dimming of an oil lamp. On the day after her funeral, the House of the Resting Crane, below the artificial hill, collapsed under the weight of snow from a heavy storm.
When spring returned, the garden seemed to all appearances, except for the thatched roof of the bower near the turbid pond, little more than a budding thicket.
2
One snow-cloud-covered evening, ten years after his elopement, the second son returned to his father’s house, or rather to what was now in reality the house of his younger brother. The prodigal was received with neither open displeasure nor particular joy; it was as though nothing at all had occurred.
He spent the days thereafter in the main house, stretched out in the room with the Buddhist altar. There, suffering from a foul disease, he huddled at the warmed table. In the altar stood the mortuary tablets of his father and elder brother. But he had closed the cabinet doors to avoid the sight of them and, for that matter, rarely glimpsed his mother, younger brother, and sister-in-law except at mealtimes. The only occasional visitor to his room was his orphaned nephew. For him he would draw pictures of mountains and ships on the boy’s paper slate. There too the lyrics of an old song would sometimes turn up in a faltering hand:
“Mukōjima is now in bloom.
Come out, come out, O teahouse maid.”
Again it was spring. Amidst the overgrown grass and shrubbery of the garden, meager peach and apricot blossoms bloomed. The Bower of the Purified Heart was still reflected in the dull water of the pond, but the second son remained as ever, shut up alone in the altar room, for the most part dreaming the day away.
One day he heard the faint sound of a shamisen and simultaneously fragments of a song:
“Of Matsumoto, Lord Yoshie
With cannon armed,
Went out to battle at Suwa . . .”
He raised his head from where he lay and listened. It was without doubt from his mother in the sitting room that the music was coming. “In dazzling attire, the valiant warrior, set proudly forth that day . . .” She was singing, it seemed, to her grandson; the ballad was of a style popular two or three decades before, one that her high-spirited husband might well have learned from a courtesan.
“At Toyohashi, his fate was sealed,
By hostile cannonball cut down;
As dew on the grass,
His precious life vanished,
His name passed on from age to age . . .”
His face covered by an unkempt beard, the second son listened, a strange light appearing in his eyes.
Several days later, the youngest son discovered his elder brother digging at the foot of the hill, now overgrown with butterbur. He was panting for breath, wielding his hoe uncertainly. It was a somewhat comical sight, though there was also an earnest intensity in his efforts.
“What are you doing, elder brother?” asked the third son, a cigarette in his mouth, as he came up behind him.
“Me?” he replied, looking up as though dazzled by the light. “I thought I’d make a small crick here.”
“A crick? Whatever for?”
“I’d like to make the garden what it once was.”
The youngest of the brothers smiled and asked nothing further.
Every day, hoe in hand, the second son labored zealously on his creek. Illness had so weakened him that he had no easy time of it. Vulnerable to fatigue, he was also unaccustomed to such work and thus prone to the disabilities that come with blistered hands and broken fingernails. Sometimes he would throw down the hoe and lie down as though dead, the flowers and leaves all about him obscured in the summer haze that filled the garden. After a few minutes of rest, he would nonetheless struggle up to his feet and doggedly resume his hoeing.
But even with the passing days, there was little noticeable change. Weeds still filled the pond, and in the shrubbery the brushwood was putting out branches. Particularly when the fruit trees had shed their blossoms, the garden looked more desolate than ever. Moreover, no one among the other members of the family, young or old, had any sympathetic interest in the second son’s endeavors. The third son had caught speculation fever, his head filled with the fluctuating prices of rice and silk stocks. His wife felt a womanly revulsion toward her brother-in-law’s illness, while the mother worried that all his puttering about would only cause him to overexert himself. Turning his back on both nature and human society, he stubbornly carried on, incrementally reforming the garden.
One morning he went out after the rain had lifted and found Ren’ichi arranging stones at the edge of the stream, overgrown with the drooping butterbur. “Ojisan!” he happily exclaimed, looking up at his uncle. “Starting today, I’ll give you a hand!”
For the first time there was a bright smile on the man’s face. “And so you shall,” he said.
Thereafter, Ren’ichi no longer went out to play; instead he became a steadfast assistant to his uncle. Resting in the shade of a tree, the second son would entertain his nephew with tales of the world beyond his ken: of the sea, of Tōkyō, of the railway. As he munched on green plums, Ren’ichi would listen intently, as though mesmerized.
There was no rainy season that year. Despite the fierce sunlight and the suffocating vapors of the overheated plants, the aging invalid and the boy persevered, digging out and clearing the pond, cutting down the scrub, and gradually moving on to other tasks. Yet though they might manage to overcome the external obstacles, those within remained immovable. The second son had before his e
yes the phantom of the garden as it once had been, but in regard to the details, the arrangement of the trees or the course of the paths, his memory quite failed him. Sometimes in the midst of his work, he would suddenly stop, lost in thought, leaning for support on his hoe and gazing about.
“What is it?” Ren’ichi would invariably ask, giving him a look of concern.
Drifting about, drenched in sweat, the other could only mumble in confusion to himself: “Now what was it like before? This maple couldn’t’ve been here . . .” There was nothing Ren’ichi could do but crush ants with his muddied hands.
There was more to the interior obstacles than this. At the height of the summer, the second son, perhaps a victim of his own unceasing labor, began to grow ever more befuddled. He repeatedly undid his own work, filling in the pond he had once dredged, replanting pine trees he had just uprooted. It particularly angered Ren’ichi to see him make stakes for the pond by cutting down the willows along the embankment.
“But we just planted those trees!” he protested, glaring at his uncle.
“Yes, I suppose you’re right,” came the reply. “I don’t understand anything at all anymore.” He stared sadly at the pond, blazing in the noonday sun.
With the coming of autumn, however, the garden could again be distinguished, if only dimly, amidst the mass of weeds and scrub. Of course, anyone who had known it as it once had been, would have seen that the House of the Resting Crane was no more and that the waterfall had ceased to flow. Moreover, that was the least of it: the elegant beauty that the renowned designer of the garden had bestowed upon it had all but utterly vanished.
And yet it was still what one would call a garden. The water of the pond was again clear, reflecting the round miniature hill, and in front of the Bower of the Purified Heart the pine trees once more spread forth their branches in languid majesty.
At the very moment of the restoration, however, the second son was forced to take to bed, burning with fever day after day, his body wracked with pain. “It’s all because you’ve gone beyond your strength!” lamented his mother repeatedly, sitting at his bedside.
Her son was nonetheless content. There remained, of course, many places in the garden to which he might have liked to attend, but now there was naught to be done about it. It had in any case been all worth the effort, and for that he was at peace. A decade of suffering had taught him resignation, and such had become his salvation.
It was unbeknownst to all that he slipped away, just as the season was drawing to an end. Ren’ichi ran shrieking over the elevated corridor into the annex when he found him. Their faces filled with dismay, the members of the family immediately gathered around the deceased. The youngest son turned to his mother and said: “Look. He seems to be smiling.” With her eyes fixed on the large Buddhist altar and away from the body of her brother-in-law, his wife exclaimed: “Oh, the panel doors are open today!”
After his uncle’s funeral, Ren’ichi often sat alone in the Bower of the Purified Heart, invariably gazing forlornly at the water and the trees of the deepening autumn . . .
3
It had been the garden of a venerable clan, the Nakamuras’ inn having served the great feudal lords. Within ten years it had all gone to ruin. The house was torn down, and on the site a railway station was built, with a small restaurant in front.
Of the Nakamura family, no one remained. The mother had, of course, long since made her place among the dead. Having failed in business, the third son had reportedly gone off to Ōsaka.
Trains daily pulled into the station and departed. The young stationmaster sat at a large desk. Pausing in his already leisurely routine, he would look out at the blue mountains or chat with his subordinates from the region. Yet in all their talk was never a mention of the Nakamuras. Indeed, it never occurred to anyone that here, in the very place where they now found themselves, had once stood a miniature hill and pavilions.
In the meantime, Ren’ichi had made his way to Akasaka in Tōkyō and was studying in an institute for European art. As he stood in front of his easel, there was nothing in the atelier—neither the light that came in through the roof window, nor the smell of the paint, nor the model, her hair in a split-peach bun—that might have reminded him of home. And yet as he moved his brush over the canvas, he sometimes saw in his inner mind the sad face of an old man, who, smiling again, was surely speaking to him now that he too was weary from uninterrupted work: “When you were still a child, you helped me, so let me help you now.”
Ren’ichi lives in poverty, toiling every day on his oil paintings. Of his uncle, the youngest son, there is nary a word.
THE LIFE OF A FOOL
To Masao Kume:
June 20, 1927
I leave entirely in your hands the questions of whether, when, and where to publish this manuscript. You know most of those who appear in it, but should it see the public light, I would ask you not to provide an index. Strangely enough, though I am presently living in the unhappiest of happy circumstances, I regret nothing. My great sorrow is only for those who have suffered the bad husband, the bad son, and the bad parent that I have been. Here I have not sought—at least not consciously—to defend myself.
Finally, I am entrusting this manuscript to you because I think you know me better than anyone else—at least with my feigned urbanity peeled away. Please laugh at my foolishness.
Akutagawa Ryūnosuke
1. The Era
He was twenty years old and on the second floor of a bookstore, having climbed the Western-style ladder set against a tier containing new works. Here were Maupassant, Baudelaire, Strindberg, Ibsen, Shaw, and Tolstoy . . .
Though the end of the day was looming, he went on avidly reading the lettering of the backs. On display was less a collection of books than the embodiment of la fin de siècle: Nietzsche, Verlaine, the Gon-court brothers, Dostoyevsky, Hauptmann, Flaubert . . .
Resisting the darkness, he recited their names, but quite on their own they were sinking in the melancholic gloom. Finally, his stamina exhausted, he started to descend the ladder when an unshaded electric bulb just above was suddenly illuminated. He stood still, looking down on the customers and clerks passing between the rows of books. They looked strangely small—and so shabby as well.
“A single line of Baudelaire is worth more than all of life.”
From his perch, he lingered for a moment, still staring down at those below.
2. His Mother
The lunatics were all dressed in the same gray uniforms. That gave the large room an all the more depressing appearance. One of them sat at the organ and fervently went on playing a hymn. At the same time, in the exact middle of the room, another was dancing or, more precisely, was hopping about.
He was observing this scene in the company of a ruddy-faced physician. His own mother of ten years before was in no way different from these inmates. In no way at all . . . He sensed that even the odor was the same.
“Shall we go then?”
The doctor led the way through the corridor to another room. In the corner were huge jars filled with alcohol, in which a number of brains were submerged. On one of these he saw something white, looking quite as though it had been dabbed with egg albumen. As he stood talking with the doctor, he thought again about his mother.
“The owner of this brain was an engineer at X Electric Company. He always thought of himself as an enormous, black-luster dynamo.”
To avoid the doctor’s eyes, he stared out the glass window. Outside there was only a brick wall, on top of which bottle shards had been embedded. Thin patches of moss lent a vaguely white appearance to the façade.
3. The House
He rose and slept in a room on the second floor of a suburban house. The instability of the ground made for a strange tilt.
In this room on the second floor he would sometimes quarrel with his mother’s elder sister, his foster parents sometimes interceding. He nonetheless had an unrivaled affection for his aunt. Never married, she was
at the time close to sixty, while he was still twenty.
There on the second floor of that suburban house, he often pondered how it is that those who love one another can engage in mutual torment, even as the tilt of the house gave him a feeling of unease and foreboding . . .
4. Tōkyō
The Sumida River was a dull, leaden gray. He was gazing out of a window on a small steamboat at the cherry trees of Mukōjima. The blossoms, now at their peak, were no less dispiriting to his eyes than had they been rows of rags. Yet in those blossoms—renowned since Edo times—he had come to see himself.
5. Ego
He sat at a table in a café with one who had preceded him at the university.1 Smoking one cigarette after another, he barely spoke, listening intently.
“I spent half the day in a taxi.”
“Did you have matters to attend to?”
Resting his chin in his hand, the other replied in a quite offhand manner:
“Oh, no, I merely wished to enjoy the ride.”
These words opened a window in his mind to an unknown world—the world of self so akin to that of the gods. He felt pain—and, at the same time, joy.
The café was quite small, but under a portrait of Pan was a gum tree in a red pot, its thick, fleshy leaves drooping.
6. Illness
The wind was blowing steadily from the sea as he opened an English dictionary and searched the entries with his fingertip:
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