[76] Strabo, Geography, 11.13-14.
[77] Strabo, Geography, 11.14; Justin, Epitome, 42.2-3.
[78] Behistun inscription, 1.61-6.
[79] Geography, 11.13.10.
[80] Epitome 42.2.
[81] Epitome 42.3.
[82] Archaeology, Astronautics and SETI Research Association, “Paleo-SETI: Interdisciplinary and Popularized,” Legendary Times [online], no date.
[83] Ibid.
[84] Iliad 17.425.
[85] Odyssey 15.329.
[86] Library, 1.4.1; translated by James Frazer.
[87] Fabula 53; translated by Mary Grant.
[88] Pindar, Pythian 4.
[89] Odyssey 10.1-4.
[90] 1 Enoch 72-82.
[91] Giorgio de Santillana and Hertha von Dechend, Hamlet’s Mill: An Essay Investigating the Origins of Human Knowledge and Its Transmission through Myth (Boston: Nonpareil, 1998), Appendix 1: “It goes without saying that we need not subscribe to the author’s [Germaine Dieterlen’s] opinion that the Mande peoples invented ‘their own systems of astronomy…’”
[92] The Sumerians (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1963), 112-113.
[93] 4.137-138: “He [Marduk] slit Tiâmat open like a flat (?) fish [cut into] two pieces, / The one half he raised up and shaded the heavens therewith...” (trans. E. A. Wallis Budge).
[94] 5.9-11: “He [Marduk] opened great gates under shelter on both sides. He made a strong corridor on the left and on the right. He fixed the zenith in the heavenly vault (?)” (trans. E. A. Wallis Budge).
[95] Iliad 17.425.
[96] Odyssey 15.329.
[97] e.g. Aristotle, De caelo, 2.8, 3.1.
[98] 3 Baruch 3:7. 425.
Odyssey 15.329.
e.g. Aristotle, De caelo, 2.8, 3.1.
3 Baruch 3:7.
[99] Genesis 19:24-25 (NIV)
[100] Louis Pauwels and Jacques Bergier, The Morning of the Magicians, trans. Rollo Myers (New York: Stein and Day, 1964), p. 122
[101] Ibid., 216-217.
[102] Erich von Däniken, Chariots of the Gods? Unsolved Mysteries of the Past, trans. Michael Heron (New York: Bantam, 1973), 36.
[103] Genesis 19:23-29 (NIV)
[104] Pauwels and Bergier, Morning, 122.
[105] Von Däniken, Chariots, 59-60.
[106] Drona Parva, sec. 201.
[107] Duncan Roads, “What Is NEXUS Magazine?”, Nexus Magazine [online], no date.
[108] David Hatcher Childress, “The Evidence for Ancient Atomic Warfare,” Nexus Magazine [online], 2000.
[109] A. A. Quereshi and H. A. Khan, “Recognition of Meteoric Impact by Fission Track Dating (FTD) Technique,” Geological Bulletin of the University of Peshawar 21 (1988): 49-56.
[110] A.V. Murali, M.E. Zolenski, J.R. Underwood, and R. F. Giegengack. “Formation of Libyan Desert Glass,” Lunar and Planetary Science 19 (1988): 817-818.
[111] Oliver Nichelson, “Tesla’s Wireless Power Transmitter and the Tunguska Explosion of 1908,” Prometheus [online], 1995.
[112] Childress, “The Evidence.”
[113] Ibid.
[114] Ibid.
[115] Ibid.
[116] Ibid.
[117] Ibid.
[118] Numbers 16:31-41
[119] Ignatius Donnelly, Atlantis: The Antediluvian World (New York: Harper & Bros., 1882), 449.
[120] Von Däniken, Chariots, 36.
[121] Ibid.
[122] Paul Dale Roberts, “Messages from the Gods: Crop Circles,” Unexplained Mysteries [online], April 12, 2008.
[123] Childress, “The Evidence.”
[124] Evelyn Mervine, “Desert Glass,” Skeptic Report [online], June 1, 2005.
[125] Louis Pauwels and Jacques Bergier, The Morning of the Magicians, trans. Rollo Myers (New York: Stein and Day, 1964), p. 122.
[126] David Hatcher Childress, Lost Cities of Ancient Lemuria and the Pacific (Stelle, IL: Adventures Unlimited Press, 1988), pp. 72-73.
[127] Erich von Däniken, Chariots of the Gods? Unsolved Mysteries of the Past, trans. Michael Heron (New York: Bantam, 1973), 58.
[128] Charles Berlitz, Mysteries from Forgotten Worlds (New York: Doubleday, 1972), pp. 214ff.
[129] Mausala Parva, sec. 1
[130] Mausala Parva, sec. 2
[131] Karna Parva, sec. 33
[132] Karna Parva, sec. 34
[133] David Hatcher Childress, Atlantis and the Power Systems of the Gods (Stelle, IL: Adventures Unlimited Press, 2002), p. 36.
[134] August Le Plongeon, Queen Móo and the Egyptian Sphinx, second ed. (New York: Author, 1900), xxiv.
[135] James Churchward, The Children of Mu (New York: Ives Washburn, 1945), 198.
[136] Ibid.
[137] Erich von Däniken, interview with Timothy Ferris, Playboy, August 1974, 58.
[138] Quoted in James R. Hansen, First Man: The Life of Neil A. Armstrong (New York: Simon & Schuster Paperbacks, 2006), 632. The preceding discussion is based in part on Hansen’s account of Armstrong’s expedition.
[139] Erich von Däniken, According to the Evidence: My Proof of Man’s Extraterrestrial Origins, trans. Michael Heron (Souvenir Press, 1977), 293.
[140] Ibid., 291.
[141] Peter Kraasa, Disciple of the Gods: A Biography of Erich von Däniken, trans. David B. Koblick (London: W. H. Allen, 1978), 6.
[142] Erich von Däniken, History Is Wrong (New Page Books, 2012), eBook.
[143] Bruce Rux, Architects of the Underworld: Unriddling Atlantis, Anomalies of Mars, and the Mystery of the Sphinx (Berkeley, California: Frog Books, 1996), 364.
[144] Diodorus Siculus, Library of History 3.13, translated by H. Cogan in L. Gidney, Stonehenge, Viewed by the Light of Ancient History and Modern Observation (Salisbury: Brown and Co., 1873), 2.
[145] Geoffrey of Monmouth, Historia Regum Britanniae 8.10-11, translated in The British History of Geoffrey of Monmouth, trans. A. Thompson and J. A. Giles (London: James Bohn, 1842).
[146] Erich von Däniken, The Gold of the Gods, trans. Michael Heron (New York: G. P. Putnam’s Sons, 1973), 103.
[147] For example, the U.S. Hydrographic Office listed dried coconuts (copra) as the chief export in 1920 in report no. 165. By 1942, exports were given as coconuts, fish, and phosphates, according to Life magazine (“Jap Pacific Bases,” December 14, 1942, p. 73).
[148] Quoted by S. T. Joshi in The Annotated H. P. Lovecraft (New York: Dell, 1997), 187.
[149] H. P. Lovecraft, The Fiction (New York: Barnes & Noble, 2008), 726.
[150] See James A. Herrick, Scientific Mythologies (InterVarsity, 2008), 49, 67.
[151] Jacques Bergier, Extraterrestrial Visitations from Prehistoric Times to the Present (Chicago: Henry Regnery Company, 1973), 133.
[152] Central Intelligence Agency, “Unidentified Flying Objects (Abstract),” 1968, CIA Electronic Reading Room.
[153] U.S. Department of State, “Flying Saucers Are a Myth,” Airgram No. A-1221, March 22, 1968, National Security Agency FOIA Reading Room.
[154] Ibid. The circle and handwritten text do not appear on other agencies’ copies of the airgram, indicating they originated with the NSA.
[155] Nick Redfern, Body Snatchers in the Desert (New York: Simon and Schuster, 2005), 181.
[156] Central Intelligence Agency, Office of Research and Reports, “Recent Developments in the Soviet Arctic,” October 13, 1954, CIA Electronic Reading Room.
[157] Central Intelligence Agency, “Spitsbergen,” ORE 25-50, June 26, 1950, CIA Electronic Reading Room; “Information Requested of the Norwegian Government Reference Soviet Activity on Spitzbergen,” March 21, 1951, CIA Electronic Reading Room.
[158] William E. Nelson to Director of Central Intelligence, December 19, 1975, “Military Thought (USSR): The Operational-Strategic Employment of Naval Forces,” CIA Electronic Reading Room.
[159] CIA, “Recent Developments.”
[160] Erich von Däniken, Chariots of the Gods? Unsolved Mysteries of the Past, trans. Michae
l Heron (New York: Bantam, 1973), p. 95.
[161] Giorgio Tsoukalos, “Expansion of SETA to Planet Earth,” Legendary Times [online], 2002.
[162] Jacket copy on Erich von Däniken, The Gods Were Astronauts: Evidence of the True Identities of the Old ‘Gods’ (Vega, 2008).
[163] Von Däniken, Chariots, 52.
[164] Histories 4.95, translated by G. C. Macaulay.
[165] Histories 4.95
[166] Treatise 6.1, trans. Robert Ernest Wallace in Ante-Nicene Fathers, vol. 5., edited by Alexander Roberts, James Donaldson, and A. Cleveland Coxe (Buffalo, NY: Christian Literature Publishing Co., 1886).
[167] De natura deorum, 3.53, trans. H. Rackham in Cicero: On the Nature of the Gods, Loeb Classical Library (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1972).
[168] De Iside et Osiride 23, trans. William Watson Goodwin.
[169] Von Däniken, Chariots of the Gods?, 57.
[170] Ignatius Donnelly, Atlantis: The Antediluvian World (New York: Harper & Bros., 1882), 285.
[171] AAS RA, “Paleo-SETI: Interdisciplinary and Popularized,” Legendary Times [online], no date.
[172] Bram Stoker, Dracula: A Mystery Story (New York: W. R. Caldwell & Co., 1897), 241.
[173] Emily Gerard, “Transylvanian Superstitions,” The Nineteenth Century, July 1885, 136.
[174] R. C. Maclagan, “Ghost Lights of the West Highlands,” Folk-Lore 8 (1897): 238.
[175] Strabo, Geography 7.3.5.
[176] Plato, Charmides 156-158.
[177] Lives of the Eminent Philosophers 8.1.1.
[178] Refutation of All Heresies 1.2.
[179] e.g. 1 Corinthians 10:20.
[180] City of God 7.33 (translated by Marcus Dods), parallel to Psalm 96:5.
[181] Histories 4.94, translated by G. C. Macaulay.
[182] Porphyry, Life of Pythagoras 15; E. R. Dodds, The Greeks and the Irrational (Berkeley, California: University of California, 2004), 163n.44.
[183] Geography 7.3.5.
[184] The Joe Rogan Experience, episode 280 [online], November 5, 2012.
[185] Berossus quoted in Alexander Polyhistor, preserved in Syncellus, Chronicon 28 and Eusebius, Chronicon 7, translated by I. P. Cory and Richard Hodges, Cory’s Ancient Fragments (London: Reeves & Turner, 1876), 60.
[186] Enuma Elish 6.19-27.
[187] Berossus, in Cory and Hodges, Ancient Fragments, 56-58.
[188] I. S. Shklovskiĭ and Carl Sagan, Intelligent Life in the Universe (San Francisco: Holden-Day, 1966), 461.
[189] 1 Enoch 7:1-8:4, translated by R. H. Charles.
[190] Plutarch, De Iside et Osiride 13.1, translated by Frank Cole Babbitt.
[191] Tel-al-Amarna Tablet A, British Museum, translated in Victor H. Matthews and Don C. Benjamin, Old Testament Parallels: Laws and Stories from the Near East, 3rd ed. (Mahwah, New Jersey: Paulist Press, 2006), 44.
[192] Giorgio de Santillana and Hertha von Dechend, Hamlet’s Mill: An Essay Investigating the Origins of Human Knowledge and Its Transmission through Myth (Boston: Nonpareil, 1998), Appendix 33.
[193] Robert Eisler, Orpheus—The Fisher: Comparative Studies in Orphic and Early Christian Cult Symbolism (London: J. M. Watkins, 1921), 151-155.
[194] Luke 7:33
[195] Berossus quoted in Alexander Polyhistor, preserved in Syncellus, Chronicon 28 and Eusebius, Chronicon 7, trans. I. P. Cory and Richard Hodges, Cory’s Ancient Fragments (London: Reeves & Turner, 1876), 57.
[196] Mark 1:6
[197] Luke 1:15 with Numbers 6:3
[198] Leviticus 10:9
[199] Deuteronomy 9:9
[200] Acts 9:9
[201] Tel-al-Amarna Tablet A, British Museum, translated in Victor H. Matthews and Don C. Benjamin, Old Testament Parallels: Laws and Stories from the Near East, 3rd ed. (Mahwah, New Jersey: Paulist Press, 2006), 44.
[202] Enuma Elish 1.63ff.
[203] T. R. Georgevitch, The Truth Concerning the Rumanes in Serba (Paris: Imprimiere Graphique, 1919), 22-23. Many Serbians have claimed that science fiction writer Arthur C. Clarke declared Rtanj the “navel of the world.” As Georgevitch’s text demonstrates, the mountain was so known by the locals long before Clarke (allegedly) mentioned it.
[204] De Defectu Oraculorum 18, translated by Frank Cole Babbitt.
[205] De Faciae 27, translated by A. O. Prickard.
[206] Erich von Däniken, The Odyssey of the Gods: The Alien History of Ancient Greece, translated by Matthew Barton (Shaftsbury: Element Books, 2000), 5, 27.
[207] Robert Charroux, The Mysterious Unknown, translated by Olga Sieveking (London: Neville Spearman, 1972), 210.
[208] Drusilla Dunjee Houston, Wonderful Ethiopians of the Cushite Empire (Oklahoma City: Universal Publishing, 1926), 4-6.
[209] Library 1.9.1, translated by James George Frazer.
[210] Pseudo-Eratosthenes, Catasterismi 19.
[211] On Incredible Tales, Myth 15.
[212] Library of History 4.47
[213] Annals 4.34.4
[214] Library of History 4.47, translated by G. Booth.
[215] Robert Temple, “Who Was Moses?”, New Dawn, Winter 2009, 51-56.
[216] Epiphanius, Panarion 4.1.9-11, translated by Frank Williams, The Panarion of Epiphani-us of Salamis (Leiden: Brill, 1987), 78.
[217] Description of Greece 1.43.1, translated by H. G. Evelyn-White.
[218] Thomas Römer, “Why Would the Deuteronomists Tell about the Sacrifice of Jephthah's Daughter?” JSOT 77 (1998): 27–38; but for an opposing view, see David Janzen, “Why the Deuteronomist Told about the Sacrifice of Jephthah’s Daughter,” JSOT 29/3 (2005): 339-357. Janzen, however, agrees that the sacrifice is meant to parallel non-Jewish, foreign practices.
[219] For example, the sun god Helios is masked behind the official Saint Elias, who took over his shrines, while the goddess Artemis became an unofficial Christian saint, as the still-venerated folk saint Artemis, and again as the (male) St. Atremidos, in both cases protectors of children, as was the old goddess. (The gender swap was in response to intense Madonna-veneration and thus the need to avoid competing with the Mother of God.) Dionysus the wine god became St. Dionysios, patron of wine. (See “The Greek Islanders,” The Quarterly Review, July 1886, 217.)
[220] Scriptores Historiae Augustae, “Severus Alexander,” 29
[221] Andrew Collins, From the Ashes of Angels: The Forbidden Legacy of a Fallen Race (Bear & Company, 1998).
[222] They appear again in Numbers 13:3, but in a different context.
[223] Genesis 6:4, KJV.
[224] Michael S. Heiser, “The Meaning of the Word Nephilim: Fact vs. Fantasy,” MichaelSHeiser.com [online], no date.
[225] Erich von Däniken, Chariots of the Gods? Unsolved Mysteries of the Past, trans. Michael Heron (New York: Bantam, 1973), 35.
[226] Jacob Neusner, Judaism and Christianity in the First Century, vol. 3 of Origins of Judaism (Garland Publishing, 1990), 36.
[227] 1 Enoch 8:1-2: “And Azâzêl taught men to make swords, and knives, and shields, and breastplates, and made known to them the metals of the earth and the art of working them, and bracelets, and ornaments, and the use of antimony, and the beautifying of the eyelids, and all kinds of costly stones, and all colouring tinctures. And there arose much godlessness, and they committed fornication, and they were led astray, and became corrupt in all their ways.” (translated by R. H. Charles.)
[228] Genesis 6:2.
[229] Dead Sea Scrolls 4Q530 2 ii 1–3 and 4Q531 22
[230] Dead Sea Scrolls QG11, under the name Hobabiš
[231] See Matthew Goff, “Gilgamesh the Giant: The Qumran Book of Giants’ Appropriation of Gilgamesh Motifs,” Dead Sea Discoveries 16, no. 2 (2009): 221-253.
[232] Al-Khitat 1.9, my translation.
[233] Ibid., 1.10, my translation.
[234] Qur’an 2:102-103.
[235] For example, Jude 1:6: “And the angels who did not keep their positions of authority but abandoned their proper dwelling—these he has kept
in darkness, bound with everlasting chains for judgment on the great Day.”
[236] Ali, Abdullah Yousf, The Meaning of the Holy Quran, eleventh edition (Amana Publications, 2006), note at 2:104, p. 45.
[237] Lucian Menippus 2, 6–10, 21–2
[238] Qur’an 89:6-13.
[239] The Thousand and One Nights, vol. II, translated by Edward William Lane (London: Charles Knight, 1840), 342-346.
[240] Qur’an 89:6-13, translated by George Sale.
[241] The Thousand and One Nights, vol. II, 346.
[242] Bob Curran, Lost Lands, Forgotten Realms: Sunken Continents, Vanished Cities, and the Kingdoms that History Misplaced (Pompton Plains, New Jersey: New Page, 2011), eBook edition.
[243] Jacques Bergier, Extraterrestrial Visitations from Prehistoric Times to the Present (Chicago: Henry Regnery Company, 1973), 86.
[244] Asenath Mason, Necronomicon Gnosis: A Practical Introduction (Edition Roter Drache, 2007), 64.
[245] The Thousand and One Nights, vol. II, 343.
[246] Al-Khitat, chapter 40. All Al-Khitat translations in this chapter are my own.
[247] 89:6-13
[248] 1 Enoch 106:19
[249] 21:10
[250] Al-Khitat, chapter 40.
[251] Erich von Däniken, The Odyssey of the Gods: The Alien History of Ancient Greece, trans. Matthew Barton (Shaftsbury: Element Books, 2000), 74.
[252] Berossus quoted in Alexander Polyhistor, preserved in Syncellus, Chronicon 28 and Eusebius, Chronicon 7, translated by I. P. Cory and Richard Hodges, Cory’s Ancient Fragments (London: Reeves & Turner, 1876), 57.
[253] 1 Enoch 8:1-2, translated by R. H. Charles.
[254] Al-Khitat, chapter 10.
[255] 6.53-63
[256] Eupolemus, qtd. in Eusebius, Praep. Evan. 9
[257] Rabbinical opinion differed on whether the giants were angels (the sons of God in a literal sense) or the offspring of Seth’s godly line (figuratively the godly sons). See Chapter 29. Josephus here follows the latter view.
[258] Flavius Josephus, Antiquities of the Jews 1.2.3, translated by William Whiston.
[259] John Greaves, Pyramidographia, in Miscellaneous Works of Mr. John Greaves, Professor of Astronomy in the University of Oxford, vol. 1 (London: 1737), 99-100.
[260] Ibid., 98-100.
[261] Proclus, comment on Timaeus 22a; translated by Thomas Taylor in The Commentaries of Proclus on the Timaeus of Plato, vol. 1 (London: 1820), 84.
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