45. Wright, Coral Battleground, pp. 53–54.
46. Ibid., p. 105.
47. Bowen, Great Barrier Reef, pp. 334–35; Ford, “Consilience,” pp. 80–82.
48. Bowen, Great Barrier Reef, pp. 331–78.
49. Wain, “Bingal Bay Bastard,” p. 14.
50. Dortins, “Lives of Stories,” pp. 204–14.
51. Wright to Professor J. R. Burton, University of New England, April 1, 1971, With Love and Fury, pp. 218–20; Len Webb, “The Plight of the Plant Ecologist,” Draft Address to ANZAAS, Brisbane, May 1971, Len Webb Collection [LWC], Griffith University, Unpublished Papers and Reports, Box 158, folder 161, p. 7; see also Ford, “Consilience,” pp. 87–94.
12. EXTINCTION: CHARLIE VERON, DARWIN OF THE CORAL
1. J. E. N. Veron, “Is the Great Barrier Reef on Death Row?,” lecture at the Royal Society, London, July 6, 2009, www.royalsociety.org/events/2009/barrier-reef/, accessed October 10, 2012.
2. J. E. N. Veron, A Reef in Time: The Great Barrier Reef From Beginning to End, Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press, 2008, p. vii.
3. “Charlie Veron’s Story,” unpublished autobiography, December 2011, pp. 12–13. I am deeply grateful to Charlie Veron for allowing me to read and quote from this compelling work, which was written for his children. It is a privilege and a responsibility. He cannot be held responsible, however, for my interpretation of his life.
4. See, “Tribute: Dr. Isobel Bennett, AO,” WISENET Journal, no. 44 (July 1997), pp. 1–3, www.wisenet-australia.org/issue77/Isobel Bennett.htm, accessed May 1, 2013; “Biography—Dr Isobel Bennett AO,” Australian Government: Great Barrier Marine Park Authority, www.gbrmpa.gov.au/resources-and-publications/spatial-data-information-services/reefinfo/isobel-bennett-reef/biography-dr-isobel-bennett-ao, accessed October 10, 2012; A. Nessy, “The Sea Has Many Voices: Profile of an Australian Woman Scientist,” Journal of Australian Studies, vol. 38 (1992), pp. 41–50; Janet Browne, Voyaging, pp. 117–34.
5. “Charlie Veron’s Story,” pp. 20, 30–35.
6. Ibid., pp. 35–36.
7. Ibid., pp. 19–25.
8. Ibid., pp. 39–40; for Darwin, see Autobiography of Charles Darwin, p. 49; Browne, Voyaging, pp. 89–90, 145–46.
9. “Charlie Veron’s Story,” p. 49.
10. Ibid., pp. 51–52, 67.
11. Ibid., pp. 51–52, 56–59; on Wallace, see McCalman, Darwin’s Armada, pp, 221–44.
12. “Charlie Veron’s Story,” pp. 59–60.
13. Ibid., p. 62.
14. Ibid., p. 63.
15. Ibid., p. 74.
16. Ibid., pp. 75–76.
17. Ibid., p. 78.
18. “1996 AMSA Silver Jubilee Awardee, Dr Charlie Veron,” reprinted from Golden Anniversary Issue of the Atoll Research Bulletin, vol. 494 (2001), pp. 109–117, www.amsa.aen-au/awards/winners_silverjubilee/1996_veron_charlie.php.
19. “Charlie Veron’s Story,” pp. 80–82.
20. Ibid., pp. 80–84.
21. Ibid., pp. 84–85.
22. Ibid., p. 121.
23. Ibid., pp. 121–23.
24. J. E. N. Veron and G. Borschmann, J. E. N. “Charlie” Veron Interview, Townsville, February 28, 2005, and April 1–3, 2005, National Library of Australia, Oral History Project, Tape 3.
25. “Charlie Veron’s Story,” pp. 129–30; James Hamilton-Paterson has also written movingly about his similar ritual of taking night dives on reefs: Seven-Tenths: The Sea and Its Thresholds, New York, Europa Editions, 2009, pp. 137–45.
26. Browne, Voyaging, pp. 441–43.
27. Veron and Borschmann, Interview, NLA, Tape 3; “Charlie Veron’s Story,” p. 86.
28. Veron Interview, 1996 AMSA Silver Jubilee Awardee, p. 4.
29. J. E. N. Veron, interviewed by Gregg Borschmann, “The Songlines Conversations: John (Charlie) Veron,” Big Ideas, ABC Radio, August 6, 2006, www.abc.net.au/radionational/programs/bigideas/the-songlines-conversations-john-charlie-veron/3338280, accessed October 10, 2012; “Charlie Veron’s Story,” p. 106.
30. Veron interview, 1996 AMSA Silver Jubilee Awardee, p. 4; “Charlie Veron’s Story,” pp. 116–17.
31. “Charlie Veron’s Story,” pp. 155–59.
32. Ibid., pp. 207–11, 214–15.
33. Veron interview, 1996 AMSA Silver Jubilee Awardee, p. 6; Veron, ABC Interview, Big Ideas, p. 13; “Charlie Veron’s Story,” pp. 175–76.
34. “Charlie Veron’s Story,” p. 211.
35. Veron interview, 1996 AMSA Silver Jubilee Awardee, p. 5.
36. Veron, ABC interview, Big Ideas, p. 12.
37. “Charlie Veron’s Story,” pp. 207–16; J. E. N. Veron, Corals in Space and Time: The Biogeography and Evolution of the Scleractinia, Sydney, University of New South Wales Press, 1995, see especially Part D, Evolution, chs. 12–13.
38. M. L. Arnold and N. D. Fogarty, “Reticulate Evolution and Marine Organisms: The Final Frontier?” International Journal of Molecular Sciences, vol. 10, no. 9, pp. 3836–3860.
39. “Charlie Veron’s Story,” pp. 11, 102.
40. Ibid., p. 136.
41. Ibid., p. 144.
42. Darwin, Life and Letters, vol. 1, pp. 132–34.
43. “Charlie Veron’s Story,” p. 146.
44. Veron, ABC Interview, Big Ideas, p. 16.
45. Veron interview, 1996 AMSA Silver Jubilee Awardee, p. 8.
46. “Charlie Veron’s Story,” pp. 215–17.
47. Veron, ABC interview, Big Ideas, pp. 17–18. Given that the recent AIMS survey of the Barrier Reef contends that 42 percent of the present coral loss still comes from this voracious starfish, Charlie’s fury was not misplaced. “The Great Barrier Reef has lost half of its coral in the last twenty-seven years,” AIMS News, October 2, 2012, www.aims.gov.au, accessed October 3, 2012.
48. Veron, ABC interview, Big Ideas, pp. 5, 6.
49. Ibid., p. 6.
50. Veron, A Reef in Time, pp. 57–59.
51. The just released AIMS survey calculates that 10 percent of Barrier Reef coral loss can be attributed to climate change, but, like Charlie, it anticipates sharply increasing incidences of excess warming, AIMS News, October 2, 2012.
52. Veron, A Reef in Time, pp. 56–65, 200–11.
53. Ibid., pp. 89–112.
54. Ibid., pp. 214–16.
55. AIMS News, October 2, 2012.
56. Veron, A Reef in Time, pp. 212–20, 231.
57. Veron, ABC interview, Big Ideas, p. 3.
58. Veron, “Death Row.”
EPILOGUE: A COUNTRY OF THE HEART
1. T. Horwitz, Into the Blue: Boldly Going Where Captain Cook Has Gone Before, Sydney, Allen and Unwin, 2002, pp. 170–74, 195–98.
2. Sadly, Eric Deeral died in Hope Vale, Queensland, on September 5, 2012, at the age of 80.
3. Banfield, Last Leaves, p. 11.
4. “Net Benefits,” ABC Broadcast, July 4, 2010, www.abc.net.au/landline/content/2010/s2944218.htm, accessed June 7, 2013.
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