Scott-Thomson, Gladys, Life in a Noble Household 1641–1700 (Jonathan Cape), London, 1965
Sidebotham, Andrew, Brampton Bryan: Church and Castle, Brampton Bryan, 1990
Slater, Miriam, Family Life in the Seventeenth Century: The Verneys of Claydon House (Routledge & Kegan Paul), London, 1984
Steen, Sara-Jane (ed.), The Letters of Lady Arbella Stuart (Oxford University Press), Oxford, 1994
Steer, Francis (ed.), ‘Easton Lodge Inventory, 1637’, in Essex Review, Colchester, Vol. LXI, January 1952
Taylor-Lewis, Thomas (ed.), Letters of the Lady Brilliana Harley (Camden Society), London, 1854
Tomalin, Claire, Samuel Pepys: The Unequalled Self (Penguin), London, 2002
Verney, Sir Harry, The Verneys of Claydon: A Seventeenth-Century English Family (Robert Maxwell), London, 1968
Wall, Wendy, Staging Domesticity: Household Work and Identity in Early Modern Drama (Cambridge University Press), Cambridge, 1992
Whyman, Susan, Sociability and Power in Late-Stuart England: The Cultural Worlds of the Verneys 1660–1720 (Oxford University Press), Oxford, 1999
Woolley, Hannah, The Gentlewomans Companion (Maxwell), London, 1675
Worsley, Lucy, Cavalier: A Tale of Chivalry, Passion and Great Houses (Faber), London, 2007
THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY
Baird, Rosemary, Goodwood: Art and Architecture, Sport and Family (Frances Lincoln), London, 2007
Briggs, Asa (ed.), ‘How They Lived’, Vol. III (Basil Blackwell), Oxford, 1969
Christie, Christopher, The British Country House in the Eighteenth Century (Manchester University Press), Manchester, 2000
Clutton, George (Sir), ‘The Gardeners of the Eighth Lord Petre’, Essex Naturalist, Vol.32 (1967–71), pp. 201–210.
Collins-Baker, C.H., Life and Circumstances of James Brydges, First Duke of Chandos (Clarendon Press), Oxford, 1949
Dolan, Brian, Ladies of the Grand Tour (Flamingo), London, 2002
Glasse, Hannah, The Servants Directory, Improved, or, House-Keepers Companion (J. Potts), Dublin, 2nd edn, 1762
Gordon, Lyndall, Vindication: A Life of Mary Wollstonecraft (Virago), London, 2006
Hanway, Jonas, Eight Letters to His Grace the Duke of — on the custom of Vails-Giving in England, London, 1760
Hecht, Jean, The Domestic Servant Class in Eighteenth Century England (Routledge & Kegan Paul), London, 1956
Hill, Bridget, English Domestic Servants in the 18th Century (Oxford University Press), Oxford, 1996
Horn, Pamela, Flunkeys and Scullions: Life Below Stairs in Georgian England (Sutton Publishing), Stroud, 2004
King, Reyahr (et al), Ignatius Sancho: An African Man of Letters (National Portrait Gallery), London, 1997
Lehmann, Gilly, The British Housewife: Cookery Books, Cooking and Society in Eighteenth-Century Britain (Prospect Books), Totnes, 2003
Little, Kenneth, Negroes in Britain: A Study of Racial Relations in English Society (Routledge & Kegan Paul), London, 1947
Macarthey, Patricia, ‘Vails and Travails: how Lord Kildare kept his household in order’, in Irish Architectural and Decorative Studies, Vol.IV (2003), pp. 120–39.
Macdonald, John, Memoirs of an Eighteenth-Century Footman (Century Publishing), London, 1985
Mitchell, L.G. (ed.), The Purefoy Letters (Sidgwick & Jackson), London, 1973
Mortlock, D.P., Aristocratic Splendour: Money and the World of Thomas Coke Earl of Leicester (The History Press), Stroud, 2007
Murdoch, Tessa (ed.), Noble Households: Eighteeenth-Century Inventories of Great English Houses (John Adamson), Cambridge, 2006
Schmidt, Leo (ed.), Holkham (Prestel), London, 2006
Stone, Lawrence, The Family, Sex and Marriage 1500–1800 (Harper & Row), London and New York, 1977
Stone, Lawrence, The Road to Divorce: England 1530–1987 (Oxford University Press), Oxford, 1992
Swift, Jonathan, Directions to Servants, 1745, as published in Hesperus Classics series (Hesperus Press), London, 2003
Tillyard, Stella, Aristocrats: Caroline, Emily, Louisa and Sarah Lennox 1740–1832 (Chatto & Windus), London, 1994
Ware, Isaac, A Complete Body of Architecture, London, 1768 (reprint by Gregg Publishing, New York, 1971)
Wilson, Richard and Mackley, Alan, Creating Paradise: The Building of the English Country House 1660–1880 (Hambledon and London), London and New York, 2000
THE NINETEENTH CENTURY
Aberdeen, Earl and Countess of, ‘We Twa’: Reminiscences of Lord and Lady Aberdeen (Collins), 12 Vols, London, 1929
Adams, Samuel and Sarah, The Complete Servant (Knight and Lacey), London, 1825; there is a modern reprint (Southern Press), Lewes, 1989, edited by Ann Haly and with an introduction by Pamela Horn
Ashby, M.K., Joseph Ashby of Tysoe 1859–1919: A Study of Village Life (1961)
Atkinson, Diane, Love and Dirt: The Mariage of Arthur Munby and Hannah Cullwick (Macmillan), London, 2003
Bateman, John, The Great Landowners of Great Britain and Ireland (Harrison), London, 1883; there is a 1971 reprint by Leicester University Press
Beeton, Isabella, The Book of Household Management (S.O. Beeton), London, 1861 and reprinted in facsimile by Chancellor Press, London, 1985
Berkeley, the Hon. Grantley, My Life and Recollections (Hurst & Blackett), London, 1865
Bence-Jones, Mark, Life in the Irish Country House (Constable), London, 1996
Brandon, Ruth, Other People’s Daughters: The Life and Times of the Governess (Weidenfeld & Nicolson), London, 2008
Butler, E.M. (ed.), A Regency Visitor: The English Tour of Prince Pückler-Muskau Described in his Letters 1826–1828 (Collins), London, 1957
Colquhon, Kate, A Thing in Disguise: The Visionary Life of Joseph Paxton (Fourth Estate), London, 2004
Cresswell, William, Diary of a Victorian Gardener (English Heritage), Swindon, 2006
Devonshire, Duke of, Handbook to Chatsworth and Hardwick (privately printed), 1845
Drury, Elizabeth, Victorian Household Hints (Marks & Spencer), London, 1981
Franklin, Jill, The Gentleman’s Country House and its Plan 1835–1914 (Kegan & Paul), London, 1981
Gathorne-Hardy, Jonathan, The Rise and Fall of the British Nanny (Hodder & Stoughton), London, 1972
Gerard, Jessica, Country House Life: Family and Servants 1815–1914 (Blackwell), Oxford, 1994
Girouard, Mark, The Victorian Country House (Yale University Press), London and New York, 1979
Goodwin, Francis, Rural Architecture (John Weale), London, 1835
Hann, Andrew, ‘The Service Wing at Audley End House’ (English Heritage: Properties Historians’ Report), 2007
Hare, Augustus, Life and Letter of Maria Edgworth (Edward Arnold), London, 1894
Horn, Pamela, The Rise and Fall of the Victorian Servant (Sutton Publishing), Stroud, 1995
Horne, Eric, What the Butler Winked at (T. Werner Laurie Ltd), London, 1923
Huggett, Frank, Life Below Stairs: Domestic Servants in England from Victorian Times (John Murray), London, 1977
Hughes, Kathryn, The Victorian Governess (Hambledon Press), London, 1993
Kerr, Robert, The Gentleman’s House, 1864 (reprinted in facsimile Johnson Reprint Corporation, New York, 1972)
Lanceley, William, From Hall-Boy to House-Steward (Edward Arnold), London, 1925
Osborne, Lady, Memorials of Lady Osborne, 1870, 2 vols (Hodges, Foster & Co.), Dublin, 1870
Renton, Alice, Tyrant or Victim? A History of the British Governess (Weidenfeld & Nicolson), London, 1991
Smith, Elizabeth, Memoirs of a Highland Lady, edited by Lady Strachey (John Murray), 2nd Edn, London, 1911
Stanley, Liz, The Diaries of Hannah Cullwick, Victorian Maidservant (Ruttgers University Press), Piscataway, NJ, 1984
Sykes, Christophes Simon, Country House Camera (Book Club Associates/Weidenfeld and Nicolson), London, 1980
Thompson, F.M.L., English Landed Society in the Nineteenth Century (Routledge & Kegan Paul), London, 19
63
Washington, B.T., Up From Slavery: An Autobiography (Doubleday), New York, 1901
Wells, H.G., Tono-Bungay, first published 1909, republished 1964 (Pan Books), London, 1964
Wells, H.G., Experiments in Autobiography (Victor Gollancz), London, 1934
THE EARLY TWENTIETH CENTURY
Anon., How to be Happy Though Married (T. Fisher Unwin), London, c. 1900
Aslet, Clive, The Last Country Houses (Yale University Press), London and New Haven, 1982
Bailey, Catharine, Black Diamonds (Penguin), London, 2008
Cooper, Lady Diana, The Rainbow Comes and Goes, 1958 (republished Century, London, 1984)
Dawes, Frank, Not in Front of the Servants: Domestic Service 1850–1939 (Wayland), London, 1973
Egremont, Lord, Wyndham and Children First (Macmillan), London, 1968
Fingall, Countess of, Seventy Years Young, as Told to Pamela Hinkson (Collins), London, 1937
Gorst, Frederick, Carriages and Kings (W.H. Allen), London, 1956
Hall, Michael, Waddesdon Manor: The Heritage of a Rothschild House (Harry N. Abrams), New York, 2002
Harrison, Rosina (ed.), Gentlemen’s Gentlemen (Sphere Books), London, 1978
Harrison, Rosina, Rose: My Life in Service (Cassell), London, 1975
Laurie, Kedrun (ed.), Cricketer Preferred: Estate Workers at Lyme Park 1898–1946 (Lyme Park Joint Committee), Lyme, 1979
Lees-Milne, James, Ancestral Voices (Chatto & Windus), London, 1975
Lewis, Lesley, The Private Life of a Country House 1912–39 (David & Charles), Newton Abbot, 1980
McCrum, Robert, Wodehouse: A Life (Viking Penguin), London, 2004
Powell, Margaret, Below Stairs (Peter Davies), London, 1968
Robinson, John Martin, The Country House at War (Bodley Head), London, 1989
Ruffer, Jonathan, The Big Shots: Edwardian Shooting Parties (Quiller Press), London, 1977
Sackville-West, Vita, The Edwardians, 1930 (republished Virago), London, 1983
Seebohm, Caroline, The Country House: A Wartime History 1939–45 (Weidenfeld & Nicolson), London, 1989
Sitwell, Osbert, Left Hand! Right Hand! (Macmillan), 3 vols, London, 1948
Smiley, Lavinia, A Nice Clean Plate: Recollections 1919–1931 (Michael Russell), Wilby, 1981
Smith, Charles, Fifty Years with Mountbatten: A Personal Memoir by his Valet and Butler (Sidgwick & Jackson), London, 1980
Turner, Tom, Memoirs of a Gamekeeper (Bles), London, 1954
Waterson, Merlin (ed.), The Country House Remembered: Recollections of Life Between the Wars (Routledge & Kegan Paul), London, 1985
Wodehouse, P.G., Money in the Bank (Doubleday Doran), New York, 1942
Worsthorne, Peregrine, Tricks of Memory: An Autobiography (Weidenfeld & Nicolson), London, 1993
Ziegler, Philip, Osbert Sitwell (Random House), London, 1999
THE LATE TWENTIETH CENTURY
Ager, Stanley and St Aubyn, Fiona, The Butler’s Guide to Clothes Care, Managing the Table, Running the Home and Other Graces (Simon & Schuster), London and New York, 1980
Beard, Madeliene, English Landed Society in the Twentieth Century (Routledge), London, 1989
Cartland, Barbara, Etiquette Handbook: A Guide to Good Behaviour from the Boudoir to the Boardroom, 1962 (reprinted Random House, London, 2008)
Cornforth, John, The Country Houses of England, 1948–1998 (Constable), London, 1998
Devonshire, the Duchess of, The House: A Portrait of Chatsworth (Macmillan/Book Club Associates), London, 1982
Devonshire, the Duchess of, Counting My Chickens and Other Home Thoughts (Long Barn), Ebrington, 2001
Horn, Pamela, Life Below Stairs in the Twentieth Century (Sutton Publishing), Stroud, 2003
Inch, Arthur and Hirst, Arlene, Dinner is Served: An English Butler’s Guide to the Art of the Table (Running Press), London, 2003
McCrum, Robert, Wodehouse: A Life (Penguin), London, 2004
Martin, Brian P., Tales of Old Gamekeepers (David & Charles), Newton Abbot, 1989
Musgrave, Toby, The Head Gardeners (Aurum Press), London, 2007
National Trust, The National Trust Manual of Housekeeping: The Care of Collections in Historic Houses Open to the Public (Butterworth and Heinemann), London, 2005
Nichols, Beverley, Down the Kitchen Sink (W.H. Allen), London, 1974
Powell, Margaret, Below Stairs (Pan Books), London, 1970
Powers, Alan, The Twentieth Century House in Britain (Aurum Press), London, 2004
Robinson, John Martin, The Latest Country Houses (Bodley Head), London, 1983
Sebald, W.G., The Rings of Saturn (Vintage), London, 2002
Sykes, Christopher Simon, The Big House: The Story of a Country House and its Family (Harper Perennial), London, 2005
Tyack, Geoffrey, Cliveden and the Astor Household Between the Wars, pamphlet, 1982
Worsthorne, Peregrine, Tricks of Memory (Weidenfeld and Nicolson), London, 1993
Table of Contents
Introduction
1. The Visible and Glorious Household From the later Middle Ages to the end of the Sixteenth Century
2. The Beginning of the Back Stairs and the Servants’ Hall The Seventeenth Century
3. The Household in the Age of Conspicuous Consumption The Eighteenth Century
4. Behind the Green Baize Door The Eighteenth Century
5. The Apogee The Nineteenth Century
6. Moving Up or Moving On The Nineteenth Century
7. In Retreat from a Golden Age The first half of the Twentieth century
8. Staying On: A Changing World The later Twentieth Century
Acknowledgements
Notes
Bibliography and Sources
Up and Down Stairs Page 42